LifeScope Methodology in Studying Everyday Life

matti.vartiainen@aalto.fi

tel. +358-505553380

http://www.vmwork.net

Work Psychology and Leadership, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Aalto University School of Science

RQ:How to study everyday life

in digital and multilocational mobile work?

Basic research settings

3

Crowd PlatformsIntermediariesMarket makers

ENABLING TECHNOLOGIESFOR RESEARCH

Digital technologies as enablers: MixedMedia Environments for different tasksand modes of working

(From Renate Fruchter 2009)

• Sensors, smart grid, sustainability and quantified self: smart phone with its embedded

sensors that can tell much more about your health,

fitness, movement and locations than you yourself.

• Big data, analytics, cloud. Data availability and

access have grown. According to Eric Schmidt,

Google's chief executive officer, the world creates 5

exabytes of data every two days. That is roughly the

same amount created between the dawn of civilization

and 2003.

Citizens

Working in Virtual Worlds

Collecting data from everyday life

Experiences and objective data from activities in physical, virtual, social and

mental spaces

Human activities Context

Goal and object

Tools in use

Subject’s mentalspace

Physicalspace

Virtual space Socialspace

Perceived

What are you doing?

(CASS-Q: open

question) tasks

What tools you use?

(CASS-Q: open question) list of

tools

How do you feel and what you think?(CASS-Q: ratings) wellbeing,

motivation, stress

Where are you just now?

(Calender, CASS-Q: open question, photo) tagged

places

What ICT tools

you use? (CASS-

Q: open

question) list

of apts &

devices, infra

With whom do youinteract?

(Cass-Q: open question)

contacts, socialnetwork,

organization

Sensed Task contents

Mood (MoodMetric:

GSR, hearth rate,

blood pressure,

etc.) Positive and

negative affects,

biofeedback

Conditions and

location (GPS,

ContextLogger3,

Narrative, external

sensors)

working

conditions, routes

Battery level,

signal level,

access, use

frequency (Log-

in data) use

frequency

Who are around?(Social sensors) f-

to-f interaction, conversational

dynamics, physical proximity

DerivedJob profiles,

staying,

moving

Indirectly via photo(Narrative)

State: Sleep/awake,

health condition,

stress level

Semantic places

(ContextLogger3,

IndoorAtlas)

Home / Work /

Customer / Public

space / Transport

Network quality, device operating trange, Indirectly via photograph

(CASS-Q) Off-and On-line

Alone, f-to-f

LIFESCOPE –Studying and Developing Health and Wellbeing with Mobile, Wearable and Mind Sensors

Behavioraland biodata

Experience data

Integration

Tools and application developers

• Usability and functionality of applications

Service providers

• Added services for healthcare, workplace and product design

Service feedback

knowledge Visualization

Citizens

• Visible and reflected understanding on everyday routines and well-being for transforming activities

Researchers

• Instruments for analyzing and modeling activities across contexts and processes

DEVELOPED BY

USED BY

For behavioral change in real life

Instruments for data collection by wearablesand mobile (examples)

MindWave Brain activity-> Attention FirstBeat HRV –> Stress

Beddit -> Sleep & recovery

Narrative camera -> LifeloggingPosition trackers -> Where activity takes place

CASS ->Customizablemobile queries

The Angel Sensor

(IndoorAtlas)

Wearable biosensors

Example: Measuring moods with Moodmetric ring

• Emotional intelligence development by understanding emotions and their causes.

• Measures autonomous nervous system signals, which can be used to understand emotional reactions-

• Increase productivity at work and reducing your stress levels.

• Improving your flexibility to deal with life’s challenges and maintaining better social relationships.

Potential health and wellbeingservice providers:

ETC…..

An online tool with mobile Apps:

Taltioni – a secure, Finnish Health Account

STEAMING HEALTH &HAPPINESS INNOVATION

Extensive Life Oy

Instruments and servicesfor feedback (examples)

Health Puzzle

Wellmo

Diabetes trends

Checkmylevel

Health Revolution

Motivade Oy

MS BandApple Watch

Gear S

Example: doing tasks in physical places

1

2

3

4

5

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Mee

ting

room

314

1 at

TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Finpr

o lobb

y

Finpr

o au

dito

rium

Micro

soft

offic

e

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Tram

7b

Sem

inar

room

at D

epar

tmen

t of P

sych

olog

y

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Kar

los

Artto's ro

om a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Mee

ting

room

310

4 at

TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Train fr

om P

asila

to T

urku

Turku

am

k m

eetin

g ro

om

Train fr

om T

urku

to P

asila

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Tram

7b

Mav

i mee

ting

room

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Mee

ting

room

310

3 at

TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

How complex was your task?

Place, stress and creativity

1

2

3

4

5

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Mee

ting

room

314

1 at

TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Finpr

o lobb

y

Finpr

o au

dito

rium

Micro

soft

offic

e

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Tram

7b

Sem

inar

room

at D

epar

tmen

t of P

sych

olog

y

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Kar

los

Artto's ro

om a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Mee

ting

room

310

4 at

TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Train fr

om P

asila

to T

urku

Turku

am

k m

eetin

g ro

om

Train fr

om T

urku

to P

asila

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Tram

7b

Mav

i mee

ting

room

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Mee

ting

room

310

3 at

TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t TKK

Wor

kroo

m a

t hom

e

Did you feel stress? Did you feel creative?

My ’everyday’ stress

APPLICATION PROMISES

Example 1: Occupational healthcare

• One current occupational healthcare trend is to extend the work health to employees’ free time – a more holistic view.

• Sensors have appeared to measure, for example, sleep patterns, activities, and stress recovery.

• Smart devices allow collecting data also during free time, and from employees travelling or working regularly from multiple locations.

• By self-reflection employees can improve their well-being

Example 2: Workspace planning

• Experiences and feelings when using spaces. How to support work and creativity with spaces?

• Giving feedback to employees on energy use and reduce it.

• Savings in office costs by finding out what workplaces are used and what are underused by employees.

• Improvements in space use and task performance by finding out what tasks workers do and what needs they have in each space.

Example 3: People in a smart city

People moving and living in a city:

• What spaces and locations people use in a smart city?

• For what purpose different locations are used?

• What means of transportation people use when moving around?

• How people are socialized into a city life?

Challenges and needs

Dilemmas

• Ethicality: privacy, who owns the data

• Management control vs. self-reflection

• ”Belief” technology?

• Technology integration

• Usability, validity and realiability of technologies

DISCUSSION

MoreVartiainen, M. (2015) Virtual spaces as workplaces: working and leading in virtual worlds. In: Ropo, A., Salovaara, P., Sauer, E. & de Paoli, D. (Eds.) Leadership in Spaces and Places,

pp. 128-144. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.Gilson, L.L., Maynard, M.T., Jones Young, N.C., Vartiainen, M. & Hakonen, M. (2015) Virtual teams research: ten years, ten themes, and ten opportunities. Journal of Management

41, 5, 1313-1337.Andriessen, E. & Vartiainen, M. (Eds) (2006) Mobile Virtual Work – A New Paradigm? Heidelberg: Springer.Kokko, N., Vartiainen, M. & Lönnblad, J. (2007) Individual and collective competences in virtual project organizations. The Electronic Journal for Virtual Organizations and

Networks 8, March 2007, 28-52. Vartiainen, M., Hakonen, M., Koivisto, S., Mannonen, P., Nieminen, M.P., Ruohomäki V. & Vartola, A. (2007) Distributed and mobile work – places, people and technology.

Helsinki: Gaudeamus.Vartiainen, M. (2008) Facilitating Mobile and Virtual Work. In: Wangel, C. (Ed.) 21st Century Management, A Reference Handbook, Vol. II, pp. 348-360. Thousand Oaks, CA:

Sage.Vartiainen, M. & Andriessen, J.H.Erik (2008) Virtual team-working and collaboration technologies. In: Chmiel, N. (Ed.) An introduction to work and organizational psychology

– a European perspective, pp. 209-233. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.Vartiainen, M. & Jahkola, O. (2013) Pros and cons of various ICT tools in global collaboration – a cross-case study. In: Yamamoto, S. (Ed.) Human interface and management of

information. Information and interaction for learning, culture, collaboration and business. pp. 391-400. 15th International Conference, HCI International 2013, Las Vegas, NV, USA, July 21-26, 2013. Proceedings, Part III. Berlin, Heidenberg: Springer.

Verburg, R., Bosch-Sijtsema, P.M. & Vartiainen, M. (2013) Getting it done: Critical success factors for project managers in virtual work settings. International Journal of Project Management 31, 1, 68-79.

Hyrkkänen, U. & Vartiainen. M. (2012) Heart Rate Variability Measurements in Mobile Work. In: Eriksson-Backa, K., Luoma, A. & Krook, E. (Eds.) Exploring the Abyss of Inequalities. 4th International Conference on Well-Being in the Information Society, WIS 2012. Communication in Computer and Information Science 313, pp. 3-21. Heidelberg: Springer.

Bosch-Sijtsema, P.M., Fruchter, R., Vartiainen, M. & Ruohomäki, V. (2011) A framework to analyze knowledge work in distributed teams. Group & Organization Management 36, 3, 275-307.

Bosch-Sijtema, P., Fruchter, R., Vartiainen, M. & Ruohomäki, V. (2011) Challenging New Ways of Working for Remote Managers in Global Collaborative Work Environments. In: Kelliher, C. & Richardson, J. (Eds.) New ways of organizing work. Developments, Perspectives, and experiences, pp. 160-175. New York: Routledge.

Bosch-Sijtsema, P.M., Ruohomäki, V. & Vartiainen, M. (2010) Multi-locational knowledge workers in the office: Navigation, disturbances and effectiveness. New Technology, Work and Employment, 25, 3, 183-195.

Vartiainen, M. & Hyrkkänen, U. (2010) Changing Requirements and Mental Workload Factors in Mobile Multi-Locational Work. New Technology, Work and Employment 25, 2, 117-135.

Korpelainen, E., Kira, M. & Vartiainen, M. (2010) Self-Determined Adoption of an ICT System in a Work Organization. Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 22, 4, 51-69.

Andriessen, J.H. Erik & Vartiainen, M. (2009) Mobile virtual work in a globalising world. In: Battistelli, A. (Ed.) Innovation in the transformation of jobs and organizations, pp. 117-134. Roma: Di Renzo Editore.