LO. Biology Organization of Living Things

Benchmark 1

Classify major groups of organisms to the kingdom level.

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

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Why Classify Organisms???

Many of these organisms have various common names used bypeople all over the world. A mountain lion to one person is a tiger to another.

We need scientific names to clear up this confusion.

5 Kingdom 5 Kingdom ClassificationClassification

• Monera Monera bacteria, single cell, prokaryotic, decomposers, consumers, some photosynthetic

• Protista Protista single-cell or colonies, eukaryotic, consumers and producers, junk-drawer kingdom

• FungiFungi consumers and decomposers, multi-cellular, eukaryotic

• PlantaePlantae producers, eukaryotic, multi-cellular

• Animalia Animalia consumers, eukaryotic, multi-cellular

Table of the 5 kingdoms The Six Kingdom Classification System

Why Classify Organisms???

…so that we learn about them—such as their evolutionaryrelationships to each other, habitat selection, reproductive,competitive behaviors, etc…

A system based on similarities and differences…

Animal Models

“Who knows tomorrow’s species?” In a world where few survive...

Life Cycles for LOVE !

Life Cycles for WAR!

Kingdom categoriesProtistFungiMoneranAnimalPlant

Characteristics for classificationcell wallcell membraneorganellesingle-celledmulti-cellular

Key Concepts

Common local representatives of each of the five major kingdoms

Protists…ParameciumFungus…YeastFungus…MushroomMonera…BacteriaAnimal…FrogPlant…geranium

Real-world Contexts

Which of the followingKingdoms contain photosynthetic organisms(identify all that apply)?

A. Animalia

B. Protista

C. Fungi

D. Monera

E. Plantae

Go on to question two

A. Animalia

Incorrect: Are all heterotrophic and must ingest their food

Return to the question

B. Protista

Correct: Diverse group of organisms, some of which are photosynthetic (euglena, algae)

There is more…Return to the question

C.Fungi

Incorrect: Are heterotrophic NOT photosynthetic (this is a common misconception)

Return to the question

D.Monera

Correct: These are the prokaryotes, some of which are photosynthetic (cyanobacteria)

There is more…Return to the question

E. Plantae

Correct: Are all photosynthetic

There is more…Return to the question

If 2 organisms share the same class, then they must also share the same

A. Order

B. Species

C. Family

D. Phylum

Return to question one

The correct answer is d. Phylum.

The levels of organization from largest (most inclusive) to smallest is kingdom, phylum, class, order,family, genus, species (it may help to remember the phrase King Phil came over for Genes spaghetti to remember the correct order). If organisms share a group they also MUST share every other larger grouping (those to the left when they are put in order). Order, species, and family are all smaller groupings than class and so must be incorrect

The correct answer is d. Phylum.

The levels of organization from largest (most inclusive) to smallest is kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species (it may help to remember the phrase King Phil came over for Genes spaghetti to remember the correct order). If organisms share a group they also MUST share every other larger grouping (those to the left when they are put in order). Order, species, and family are all smaller groupings than class and so must be incorrect