LSM3261_Lecture 7 --- Admin Review Lecture

8/3/2019 LSM3261_Lecture 7 --- Admin Review Lecture

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LSM 3261 — Life Form and Function

Review and Revision



Lecture 7 Topics

• o u e s gu ng p osop y• Module assessment

• Continual assessment

• Semestral examination• Format

• Instructions

• Types of questions

•

• Structured questions

• Examination technique

• u y ng ps



Module’s Guiding Philosophy

• Facilitatin our learnin

of content

•

• Preparing you for the

• Making you realize: You

are respons e or your

own studies; your actionsor nact on ave

consequences



Facilitating Your Learning of Content 1

• ncourag ng you o earn or yourse• Reading assignments for each lecture

• Google doc questions

• Research material on dual brain psychology

• Information you need as•

• Employee• Biology teacher

, , , , .

• Etc.• Parent

.

• To learn from

• Textbooks, especially main textbook Frequent reminders to• Lecture notes

• Practical schedules

• Field trips

read textbook and

lecture notes

• Mastery of information expected and evaluated with• CA assignments, semestral examination (online MCQs for self-evaluation)



Facilitating Your Learning of Content 2

learning styleenables you to be

learning (Tutorial

Assignment 1)• Class

performance:• Generall hi her

scores on Visuallearning abilities(Visual/verbal and

-

• Lower on Auditorylearning abilities

scores for Kinestheticlearning abilitiesand to a lesser extent Auditorylearning abilities



Class performance 2:

• Verbal and Non-verbal Visuallearning abilitesweakly correlated toeach other (Spearman’sρ=+0.286)

• Few are Auditorylearners. Auditor

scores are notcorrelated to other learning capabilities.

• Some are Kinestheticlearners. Kinesthetic

scores are weaklcorrelated toVisual/Non-verbalabilities (Spearman’sρ=+0.236)



Training You to Think 1

• Questions during lectures• Concepts and approaches to learning (“Digressions” during

• Concept of the continuum

• Artificial classification• ompar son a es

• Personal responsibility for your own motivation (CA Exercise 1)

• Reliability of information (fallibility of human knowledge)

• Using analogies• Alternative classifications (using different criteria)

• Having specimens to study (Lecture 4; laboratory and field trip practicals)

• Identification with limited data

• Types of information and their reliability

• Etc.

• Google Doc questions

• CA Exercise essay question

• Questioning by lecturer and TAs during lectures and practicals

• Training you to listen carefully: this lecture



Training You to Think 2

• Cognitive (thinking) skills (Bloom’sClassification) in descending order of difficult com lexit• Creating (creating something new by putting

parts of different ideas together to make a whole) Skills to be

• Analyzing (breaking down information into its parts)

examined for

in LSM 3261

• Applying (using learned concepts to solve problems; using material in new situations)

• Understanding (Understanding but not beingable to relate information to anything else)

• Remembering (Recall without understanding)

application and higher cognitive skills



Preparing You for the Exam

• This lecture’s contents

• xam na on ec n que u or a n

workbin (more about this later)



Your Responsibility

• Only you are responsible for the consequences of

• Only you determine your success in life• Ensure that you do all the assignments and online

supplementary MCQ exercises conscientiously

• See me for help



Module Assessment

• Information in IVLE Website

• pen oo con nua assessmen

• Tan (20%)

• Sivasothi (20%)

-

• MCQs (Tan 30%)

• Short/structured questions (Sivasothi 20%)

• Essay question (Sivasothi 10%)

• All questions compulsory



Semestral Examination

•

• Instructions• ypes o quest ons



Semestral Examination Format

• Question and answer book (combined into one)

question paper and answer books that need to

o Convenient for you and invigilators

• NO PAST YEAR QUESTION PAPERSAVAILABLE IN RED-SPOT SECTION OF

MEDICAL/SCIENCE LIBRARY

o Examples in supplementary MCQs for lectureso Examples in this lecture



Semestral Examination Instructions 1• This examination question and answer book contains XX (digit)

questions and comprises YY (digit) printed pages including this page. n yone s e o e paper s pr n e .

• Check by counting questions and printed pages in case of

• Printing only on one side of the sheet of paper

• Please answer ALL UESTIONS.

• Note that there is no choice except within the essay questions• Please write all your answers into this examination question and

answer booklet, and Form CC1 (for the MCQs). Answers writtenanywhere else will not be marked.

• o conven ona answer oo s w e ssue o you

• Rough working or essay planning can done on the blank pages



Semestral Examination Instructions 2

• If there is insufficient space to write your answer, please use the

blank back a es but indicate the number of the uestion.

• The mark or marks allotted to each question is/are indicated

after the question.

• The marks for this examination question and answer booklet

totals sixty (60).

• This is an OPEN BOOK examination.• You can bring in anything except those items prohibited by

the NUS Registrar’s Office

• You have limited space so bring only essentials (more later)• Write only your matriculation no. here:___________________



Types of Question

• Short/structured questions (Sivasothi)• Essay question (Sivasothi)



Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)

• Testing for:

• Application

• Anal sis

• Smaller snippets of information

•

of all major topics (Lectures 1 to 6)

• Five alternatives: A, B, C, D, or E

• n c ance o correct answer

• No mark deduction for wrong answers



Short, Structured or Essay Questions

. .



MCQ Examples

• Only small selection of examples shown here

• More examples (online supplementary

weeks of this module

retained if:•

• Regularly tested

•Feedback given or self-evaluation conducted regularly

• Reminder: Only you are responsible for the

consequences of your actions or inaction



MCQ Example 1

Roots t icall contain stora e arench ma cells because the

usually grow underground, so are protected from predation

most of the time. For stems of monocots, what is the status of storage parenchyma cells?

A. Always absent

.

C. Typically absent

D. T icall resent

E. None of the above options A to D.



MCQ Example 2

A fruit-bearing pineapple plant consists of a single stem axis.

e ase ere s a rose e o sp ra y arrange eaves, en a

mostly bare stalk that bears the inflorescence with some leaves,

which in turn has at its ti a small rosette of leaves. The a ical

meristem undergoes the following sequence of changes in the

kinds of structures it produces by the time the plant reaches

this state:

. , ,

B. Vegetative, reproductive, reproductive

C. Ve etative re roductive ve etative D. Vegetative, vegetative, reproductive

E. Vegetative, vegetative, vegetative



MCQ Example 3

A tourist observed that a worker at a Singapore coffee shop

restaurant was consc ent ous y pee ng o t e green s “s n”

from the petioles of the leaves of the sweet potato ( Ipomoea

. ,

answered that if she did not peel off the “skin”, the petioles

would be too tou h to eat when stir-fried. Name three tissues

that would be most likely to be found in the greenish “skin”that is peeled off?

A. Epidermis, chlorenchyma, parenchyma

. , ,C. Epidermis, collenchyma, chlorenchyma

D. Epidermis, collenchyma, phloem

E. Epidermis, sclerenchyma, parenchyma



MCQ Example 4

“LSM3261 Lecture 7 MCQ

Photographs” to answer thisquestion. Specimen Y is the

transverse section (TS) of part of

e sec on o an ang osperm

organ. What is this?

A. Eudicot leaf

B. Eudicot rootC. Eudicot stem

D. Monocot root

.



MCQ Example 5

Refer to Specimen Z in the document “LSM3261 Lecture 7

” .

thickness of the organ pictured along the line X-Y if the scale

bar re resents 200 m?

A. 400 μm Answer = (200 × b a) μm

. μm

C. 600 μm

x

.E. 800 μm

a

b

y



Examination Technique

• Do the MCQ exercise uploaded into the

the IVLE website

therein

• r ng a mec an ca penc , penc eraser,

ruler and calculator in case there are scale

raw ngs o e ma e

• DO NOT START WRITING until you aretold to do so



Studying Tips• Forget what you know about good study habits. New York Times:

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/07/health/views/07mind.html

• Instea o stu y ng n one ocat on, a ternat ng etween two

locations improves retention because of associations being

• Studying distinct but related skills or concepts in one sitting

im roves retention and understandin

• Learning in all four styles can improve retention andunderstanding

• ramm ng t e ra n w t acts s on y goo or s ort-term

retention; regular study spaced out over time is much better,

absorbed before when it forgets, i.e., “forgetting is the friend of

learning”

• Self-testing at regular intervals improves retention



Helping Yourself

• Please see me if you need help but don’t do



Some Questions Answered in this Module

. at s t e rea rewar t at awa ts martyrs n t eIslamic heaven? (revealed in Lecture 5)

• erman ngu s r s op uxen erg c a ms a eKoran has been mistranslated, based on the belief that it

was ori inall in a lan ua e closer to Aramaic thanArabic

• Analysing the paradise passage in Aramaic, the 72our s v rg ns prom se o mar yrs, rans a es n o

“white raisins” or “ juicy fruits”

•heaven

• Reference: Gollner, A.L., 2008. The Fruit Hunters.Scribner, New York. P. 13.http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=DcTjeqzaZP

= =

2&cd=1#v=onepage&q=heaven&f=false




2. Why can t trees grow taller than they have beenrecorded? (about 130 m)

a. Pull of gravity and the friction between the water and the vessels

through which it flows mean that water cannot be dragged any

b. Reference: Koch et al. 2003. The limits to tree height. Nature, 428:

-

c. Observations corroborate this:• Sequoia sempervirens (coastal redwood; Hyperion; USA): 115. 6 m

• Sequoia sempervirens (coastal redwood; Stratospheric Giant); USA): 113.1 m

• Eucalyptus regnans (blue gum; Australia): 143, 107 m

• equo a en ron g ganteum we ngton a; : m

• Araucaria hunsteinii (klinki pine; New Guinea): 89 m

• Koom assia excelsa tualan Sabah : 87 m

• Sindora wallichii (sepetir daun tebal; Changi tree; Singapore): 76.2 m




3. an you enlarge your bra n by s mple act onsthat anyone can do? (revealed in Tutorial

ss gnment

• Yes, by meditation• Lazar et al. (2005) indicated that increased cortical

thickness in the brain is associated with practising

.

apparently even counteract old-age thinning of the cortexof the brain.

• Reference: Lazar, S.W., C.E. Kerr, R.H. Wasserman,

J.R. Gray, D.N. Greve, M.T. Treadway, M. McGarvey,B.T. Quinn, J.A. Dusek, H. Benson, S.L. Rauch, C.I.

Moore and B. Fischl, 2005. Meditation experience is

assoc a e w ncrease cor ca c ness.

NeuroReport 16(17): 1893–1897.




4. Is a lea more e c ent than a photovolta c cell atcapturing solar energy?

• No, unfortunately not.

• Energy losses in photosynthesis as sunlight falls on aea a = , so on y e c ency e erence:

Hall, D.O. & K.K. Rao, 1999. Photosynthesis, 6th

. . .

• Photovoltaic cells have efficiency of about 10.5 to26.1% Reference: Green et al., 2009. Solar cell

efficiency tables, version 33. Progress in Photovoltaics:

Research and Applications, 17: 8594.) or even about

40% ( ttp: so arsystems.com.au )




5. What s the largest seed n the world (Revea ein Lecture 5 and to be seen in Practical 3)

• The seed of Lodoicea maldavica (double coconut)

• Each up to 50 cm long




. at s t e argest ru t n t e wor revea ein Lecture 5)

• Pumpkin

• The largest pumpkin for 2010 weighed 821.2 kg, . poun s . was grown y r s evens o ew

Richmond, Wisconsin, USA




7. What s the secret to happ ness (revea e n Tutor aassignment 2)• app ness = ot su er ng as e ne ere; ot er e n t ons

abound of course)

•

• Mindfulness = Being completely in touch with and aware of the

present moment, as well as taking a non-evaluative and non-

judgmental approach to your inner experience• Practicing mindfulness skills• = u u

being aware of surroundings or thoughts and feelings

• Non-judgmental observation = No values placed on observations or

experience (neither “good” nor “bad”)

• Being in the present moment = Not thinking of past (rumination) or future

(worry)

• Open mindedness: Being open to new possibilities with no preconceptions

S Q i A i i




7. What s the secret to happ ness (revea e nTutorial assignment 2) (continued)

• Mindfulness meditation = Meditation that develops

mindfulness

• rac c ng m n u ness me a on ac eves ese wo

major outcomes:

• .

meditation “is associated with changes in gray matterconcentration in brain regions involved in learning and

, , -

processing, and perspective taking.” (Reference: Hölzel, B.K.,

J. Carmody, M. Vangel, C. Congleton, S.M. Yerramsetti, T. Gard

an . . azar, . n u ness prac ce ea s o ncreases n

regional brain gray matter density. Psychiatry

Research Neuroimaging, 191(1): 3643.)

• Mindfulness skills incorporate or are associated with many of

the desirable qualities and practices for a balanced, happy life

S Q i A d i hi M d l




7. What s the secret to happ ness (revea e nTutorial assignment 2) (continued)

• As an exercise determine what qualities that are an

outcome of mindfulness skills beyond these examples

, . ., ,

accident-prone; not making careless mistakes; not missing

deadlines by accident

• Non- udgmental observation, e.g., not judging (hence not prone

to over-admiration or blind condemnation), more prone to forgive,

less prone to jump to wrong conclusions, less prone to stress

• Being in the moment, e.g., not day-dreaming, not regretting, not

worrying, doing things well; job satisfaction; less prone to stress

- , . ., - ,

non-agist, non-sexist, non-xenophobic, etc.)

Cl ifi ti th G i



Clarification on the Gynoecium

The gynoecium of a flower can consist of:• One carpel (monocarpous), consisting of:

, ,

• Stigma and ovary

• Ovar • 2 carpels

• Separate or free carpels = apocarpous gynoecium

• Each of the free carpels can consist of:

• Stigma, style, and ovary

• Ovary

•Fused car els = s ncar ous noecium car els oinedtogether; with histological continuity)

• Stigma, style, and ovary

• Stigma and ovary

• 1 stigmas, 1 styles, and 1 ovary

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LSM3261_Lecture 7 --- Admin Review Lecture