Madagascar - World Bankspappssecext.worldbank.org/sites/indc/PDF_Library/mg.pdf · the development of Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) and Country Partnership Frameworks (CPFs),

Madagascar

Acknowledgments

The (I)NDC Content Briefs were produced by the Climate Policy

Team of the World Bank Climate Change Group. The team was led

by Sebastian Wienges and Ana Bucher under the supervision of

Stephen Alan Hammer. Detail analysis of country (I)NDC was

provided by Tom Witt, Jiawei Song, Karan Chouksey (mitigation

components), Yin Qiu, Yunziyi Lang, and Prajwal Baral (adaptation

components). The team is grateful for all comments and

suggestions received from regional and sector specialists

regarding the presentation and synthesis of relevant information.

© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Madagascar | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Introduction In response to a growing interest in understanding (Intended) Nationally DeterminedContributions ((I)NDCs) and with regard to the ultimate goal of supporting countries'implementation of their national climate targets, the World Bank Climate Policy Team (WBCPT) has

reviewed all developing countries (I)NDCs' submitted to the UNFCCC. The (I)NDC Content Brief

aims to provide a summary analysis of existing and instead country mitigation and adaptation

policies and plans, commitments and targets, implementation strategies and sector priorities,

associated costs and conditionalities, and stated gaps and needs, among other issues.

The (I)NDC content briefs are created solely on the basis of information from submitted(I)NDCs and makes no inferences about robustness, quality, or viability of intended policiesor actions.

The (I)NDCs review will help implementing organizations like the World Bank Group (WBG) identify

and familiarize with a range of country priorities in terms of sectoral engagement, and needs in

terms of capacity building, technology transfer, and financing. Based on this comprehensive

mapping exercise, the WBG will develop a useful, easytouse, and interactive database and briefs

of all (I)NDCs to inform a wide range of WBG initiatives and client engagement processes, including

the development of Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) and Country Partnership Frameworks

(CPFs), and at a later stage respond to the more specific requests from all WBG Global Practices

(GPs), regions, and country units for the identification of potential development opportunities,

analytical studies and technical assistance to support countries' implementation of planned policies

and actions. Indepth summaries of (I)NDCs by sectors and regions will be prepared at a later stage.

In regards to Adaptation, although no global adaptation mechanism is established, the ParisAgreement parties are required to engage in adaptation planning and implementation of actions

which include preparation of adaptation plans. The Adaptation section of a large number of

submitted (I)NDCs, aims to increase development planning and scale the ability of countries to

adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse

gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten sustainable development. In

addition to requested finance, the implementation of country commitments is largely tied to

significant amounts of external assistance to support development and execution of adaptation

plans. Although subsequent (I)NDCs are not explicitly required to have an adaptation component,

the process will ensure increased resilience is recognized under the UNFCCC and climate finance

mobilization is enhanced with an aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and mitigation flows.



Table of Contents

I Overall Planning and Preparation Process

II Mitigation

Economywide Targets

Economywide Policies

Mitigation Actions and Policies

III Adaptation

Adaptation Targets

Adaptation Context

Adaptation Actions and Policies

Acronyms

BAU Business as Usual NAMA Nationally Appropriate MitigationActions

CIFPPCR Climate Investment Funds PilotProgram for Climate Resilience

NAP National Adaptation Plan

DRM Disaster Risk Management NAPA National Adaptation Programmesof Action

INDC Intended Nationally DeterminedContributions

REDD+ Reducing emissions fromdeforestation and forestdegradation and the role ofconservation, sustainablemanagement of forests andenhancement of forest carbonstocks in developing countries

LEDS Low Emission DevelopmentStrategy

LULUCF Land Use and Land Use Changeand Forestry

|

|

|



Overall Planning and

Preparation Process

How reliable is the prioritization of the (I)NDC? How serious is thegovernment about implementing policies and actions to achieve the (I)NDCtargets?

Political decision of adoption of INDC at:Head of state level

Interministerial level

Parliament

Ministry Level

Technical development of INDC through a participatory processStakeholder involvement

Multisector commisionTECHNICAL SUPPORT BYFRANCE THROUGHEXPERTISE FRANCE

Have development benefits been assessed and considered in the planningprocess?

Are there climate policies and actions already in place/under development?

LEDS

NAMAS

NAPA YES


$42.10

(in Billion USD)

TOTAL COST OF

IMPLEMENTATION (mitigation and adaptation)


Existing policies:National Adaptation Plan (NAP)

National Adaptation Programmes of Action for Climate Change (NAPA)

Third National Communication (TNC)

Has the INDC development been supported by a development partner?Technical support YES

Financial support YES

Implementation Plans and Needs

Specific requests for international provision of means of implementation:

Technology Transfer YES

Financial support YES

Capacity Building YES

Does the INDC intend the private sector to be involved in theimplementation of the NDC?

Are carbon pricing/international market mechanisms intended?NO

Are there any barriers identified?

Link list:


n/a

4% from national financial sources

-14%

n/a


Mitigation

ECONOMY-WIDE TARGETS

Conditionality: INDC page link

Unconditional part of mitigation target:Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:Estimated costs for implementation:

Coverage of Gases: CO , CH , N O

Other Targets:

POLICIES:

TARGET YEAR

2030TARGET TYPE

30Absolute Emission Reduction

Compared to BAU (MtCO2eq peryear)

6.37(in Billion USD)

COST OFIMPLEMENTATION

TARGET YEAR

2030TARGET TYPE

-14%Relative Emission Reduction

Compared to BAU (%)

6.37(in Billion USD)


2 4 2



MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESENERGY Plans:

Energy Efficiency P. 3

Supply-Side Efficiency: Power Generation Efficiency Improvement: Rehabilitation P. 3

Renewable Energy: Solar P. 3

Renewable Energy: Hydro P. 3

Renewable Energy

Clean Cooking and Heating: Efficient Cookstoves

Energy: General P. 3


http://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Madagascar/1/Madagascar%20INDC%20Eng.pdf#page=3





n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a


MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

RENEWABLE

ENERGYTargets: INDC page link

79% renewables in the energy mix P. 3

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:


Emission reduction potential:



n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a



CLEAN COOKING

AND HEATING:

EFFICIENT

COOKSTOVES

Targets: INDC page link

50% households with improved cookstoves by 2030 P. 3



Technology needs:








n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a


MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESLULUCF/FORESTRY


61 MtCO2 (32%) increase of absorption compared to BAU P. 2



Technology needs:








n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a



REFORESTATIONTargets: INDC page link

270000 ha reforestation P. 2



Technology needs:








n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a



SUSTAINABLE

LAND

MANAGEMENT

Plans: INDC page link

Agroforestry P. 3



Technology needs:








n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a



WASTEWATERPlans: INDC page link

Biogas P. 3



Technology needs:








n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a


MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESAGRICULTURE


5000 ha arboriculture per year from 2018 P. 3



Technology needs:






Plans:

Climate Smart Agriculture P. 3

Agriculture: General P. 3





N/A

N/A


Adaptation

ADAPTATION TARGETS

ADAPTATION CONTEXT

Existing National Development/Resilience Policies and Plans

National Communications

NAPs YES

NAPAS YES

CIF-PPCRs THIRD NATIONAL COMMUNICATION (TNC)

Sectoral Strategies YES

Cross-cutting

Conditionality:

Unconditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional upon international provision of meansof implementation

TARGET YEAR

203028.71

(in Billion USD)



n/a

n/a

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a


ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

DISASTER RISK

MANAGEMENT (DRM)

EARLY WARNING

SYSTEM

Target: INDC page link

Cyclone-induced human loss of life Index reduced to 4 by 2020 Cyclone-

induced human loss of life Index reduced to 3 by 2030

Actions:

CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Multi-hazard early warning systems primarily that mainly considercyclones, floods, drought and the public health surveillance by 2020Effective implementation of multi-hazard early warning systems,including cyclones, floods, food security, drought, hunger, health andphytosanitory monitoring by (2020 - 2030)

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:


n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a







CROSS-CUTTING AREA

CAPACITY

BUILDING AND

KNOWLEDGE

TRANSFER

Actions:

UNCONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Finalisation and implementation of the NAPStrengthen climate change adaptation mainstreaming in allstrategic/framework documents by 2020

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation


Intensive awareness raising campaigns concerning the adverse effects ofclimate change and environmental degradation by 2020

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation




n/a

n/a







CLIMATE SERVICESActions:


Contribution to the finalisation of the "National framework formeteorological services" for which Madagascar has committed to theWorld Meteorological Organisation by 2020Real-time monitoring of climate information (2020 - 2030)

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation




n/a

n/a







AGRICULTURE

CLIMATE SMART

AGRICULTURE


Paddy production maintained at 4 tons per hectare in agricultural centresthat apply the Resilient Agriculture Integrated Models (climate-smartagriculture) by 2030

Policy: INDC page link

Flood and cyclone-resistant hydro-agricultural infrastructures standards by2020

Actions:


Development of Resilient Agriculture Integrated Model pilotprojects/programmes (combination of watershed management,selected/adapted varieties, locally-produced compost, rehabilitation ofhydro-agricultural infrastructures, input access facilitation system,

conservation agriculture, and agroforestry) or "climate-smart agriculture"

by 2020Widespread application of Resilient Agriculture Integrated Models inmajor agricultural centre, cash crop zones, extensive livestock farmingareas, priority areas for fisheries, mangroves, as well as drought hotspots(2020 - 2030)

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation




n/a

n/a







CROPSActions:


Promotion of intensive/improved rice farming system and rain-fed ricefarming technique by 2020

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation










URBAN

BUILDINGS


Cyclone resistant buildings standards by 2020










TRANSPORT

INFRASTRUCTURE

AND ROADS


Flood-resistant terrestrial transport infrastructure standards by 2020




n/a

n/a







ENVIRONMENT

ECOSYSTEM AND

BIODIVERSITY

Actions:


Implementation of ecosystem-based adaptation to cope with sand-hillprogression (multiple causes but phenomena aggravated by climatechange) by leveraging research findings and best practices (2020 - 2030)

Restoration of natural habitats (forests and mangroves: 45,000 ha; lakes,streams, etc.) (2020 - 2030)

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation




n/a

n/a







COASTAL ZONE

COASTAL

MANAGEMENT


Formulation and implementation of the national policy of the maritimeterritory of Malagasy, considering climate change by 2020

Actions:


Reinforcement of natural protection and reduction of the vulnerability ofcoastal, inshore and marine areas affected by coastal erosion and recedingshorelines progress (Menabe, Boeny, South-west and East) (2020 - 2030).

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation




n/a

n/a







WATER

WATER

MANAGEMENT


Formulation and implementation of the National Strategy for IntegratedWater Resources Management by 2020

Actions:


Sustainable and integrated water resources management, particularly insub-arid areas and those vulnerable to drought periods (2020 - 2030)

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation




n/a

n/a







HEALTH

DISEASE

SURVEILLANCE

AND CONTROL

Actions:


Evaluation of links for the climate change and migration of vector-bornediseases, malaria, and others emerging diseases as well as the evolution ofacute respiratory infections, in order to identify remedial and/or correctivemeasures by 2020

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation




n/a

n/a







LULUCF/FORESTRY

REFORESTATION


Restoration of 35,000 hectares of primary forest areas and mangrovesby 202045,000 ha of forest area restored by 2025Environmental amenities and ecosystem services associated with therestoration of 55,000 ha of forests and mangroves by 2030

Actions:


Restoration of natural forests and reinforcement of habitat connectivity by2020

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation




n/a

n/a







SUSTAINABLE

LAND

MANAGEMENT

Actions:


Identification and sustainable management of climate refuge areas insideand outside protected areas by 2020

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation


