Makkah ziyarah guide 2018...Page 5 of 45 Makkah ziyarah guide| 2018 The Prophet (ﷺ), sitting on his camel in the Al-Hazwarah market, addressed Makkah saying, “By Allah, you are

Makkahziyarahguide

FactsandinformationonplacesofhistoricalimportanceinMakkahMukarramah

2018

Forfreedistribution

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Makkah ziyarah guide| 2018

Introduction

InthenameofAllah,themostCompassionate,themostMerciful

ThisziyarahguidehasbeenproducedtoprovidefactsanddetailsonmajorlandmarksinthecityofMakkahandthesurroundingarea.ItisintendedtohelpMuslimsgainmoreawarenessonthehistoryandsignificancebehindtheseplaces,particularlyforthoseembarkingforHajjorUmrah.The content has been sourced fromwww.islamiclandmarks.com; awebsite that brings together information onplaces of historical Islamic importance fromaround theworld. The aims of the site are to revive interest in theUmmahaboutourhistoryandtherelevanceofpastpersonalitiesandplaces.Althoughmanyplaceshavebeenshowninthisguide, it isbynomeansacompletelistofimportant landmarksinMakkah. Insha’Allah, we hope to update the guide in the future with additional content and resources. All theinformation in thisguide has beencheckedand verified by several scholars in theUK, including graduates fromDarulUloomBury.Referenceshavebeenprovidedtowardstheendofthisguide.IslamicLandmarks.comisanon-profitmakingorganisationandisnotaffiliatedwithanysponsorshiporcommercialinterests.WethankAllah(هلالج لج) forgivingusthisopportunitytoserveHisdeen.MayHeblessandabundantlyrewardallthepeopleinvolvedinputtingtogetherthisguideandpardonanyerrors(Ameen).ReadersarekindlyrequestedtorememberusandourfamiliesinyourduaswhenvisitingtheholycityofMakkah.AbuHuzaifa(Tadkeshwari)Founder,IslamicLandmarks.comHonorificsused:

Arabic Transliteration Translation

(هلالج لج) JallaJalaluhu MayHisglorybeglorified

(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) Sallallahu‘alayhiwa-sallam PeaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim

( مالسلاھیلع ) Alayhis-salaam Uponhimbepeace( مالسلااھیلع ) Alayhas-salaam Uponherbepeace( ھنعهللايضر ) Radhiyallahu‘anhu MayAllahbepleasedwithhim( اھنعهللايضر ) Radhiyallahu‘anha MayAllahbepleasedwithher( مھنعهللايضر ) Radhiyallahu‘aanhum MayAllahbepleasedwiththem

Copyright©IslamicLandmarks.com2018.AllRightsReserved.No part of this guide may be reproduced, copied, modified or adapted, without prior writtenconsentoftheauthor.

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ContentsThecityofMakkah............................................................................................................................................................................................4TheKa’bah...........................................................................................................................................................................................................6InsidetheKa’bah...............................................................................................................................................................................................8Hajaral-Aswad(TheBlackStone)...............................................................................................................................................................9Multazam............................................................................................................................................................................................................11DooroftheKa’bah...........................................................................................................................................................................................12Hateem/HijrIsmail.........................................................................................................................................................................................13Meezab................................................................................................................................................................................................................14MaqameIbraheem..........................................................................................................................................................................................15RukanYamani...................................................................................................................................................................................................16ZamzamWell.....................................................................................................................................................................................................17Safa/Marwah.....................................................................................................................................................................................................18Babul-Fatah......................................................................................................................................................................................................19DaarulArqam....................................................................................................................................................................................................20HouseofKhadija( اھنعهللايضر ).....................................................................................................................................................................21BirthplaceoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)................................................................................................................................................................23JannatulMu’alla................................................................................................................................................................................................24Jabalal-Hira.......................................................................................................................................................................................................25Jabalal-Thawr...................................................................................................................................................................................................26Mina......................................................................................................................................................................................................................27Jamarat................................................................................................................................................................................................................28Masjidal-Khayf.................................................................................................................................................................................................30MasjidBiah/Uqbah.........................................................................................................................................................................................31WaadiMuhassar...............................................................................................................................................................................................33Muzdalifah..........................................................................................................................................................................................................34Arafat...................................................................................................................................................................................................................35MasjidNimrah/WaadiUrana......................................................................................................................................................................36HouseofAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )..................................................................................................................................................................38MasjidAisha......................................................................................................................................................................................................39Masjidal-Jinn.....................................................................................................................................................................................................40ValleyofAbuTalib..........................................................................................................................................................................................41References..........................................................................................................................................................................................................42Learnmore.........................................................................................................................................................................................................43Connectwithus................................................................................................................................................................................................44Moreresources.................................................................................................................................................................................................45

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ThecityofMakkah

§ Allah byMakkahcalledhas(هلالج لج) fivenames in theQuran:Makkah,Bakkah,Al-Balad,Al-QaryahandUmmul-Qura.

§ InSurahAl-Imran,Allah(هلالج لج)states:“Verily,thefirstHouse(ofworship)appointedformankindwasthatatBakkah(Makkah),fullofblessing,andaguidanceforAl-Alamin(mankindandjinn).”[3:96]

§ WhentheMuslimsconqueredMakkah,TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said,“AllahhadmadethiscitysacredthedayHecreated the heavens and the earth and it’s sanctity shall remain until the Day of Qiyamah (Day ofJudgement).Itsthornscannotbebroken,itsanimalscannotbeharmedandthingsfallenonitsgroundcannot be picked up unless with the intention of returning it to its owner or making publicannouncements (to locate the owner). It is also forbidden to cut the grass that (naturally) growshere.”[Muslim]

§ The reward of prayer offered in Masjid al-Haram is multiplied many times. Jabir bin Abdullah ( ھنعهللايضر )narratesthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“Aprayerinthismosqueofmineisbetterthanonethousandprayersanywhereelse,exceptforal-Masjidal-Haram.Aprayerinal-Masjidal-Haramisbetterthanonehundredthousandprayers(anywhereelse).”[Ahmad]

SketchofMakkahdoneinthelate19thcentury:

Makkahistheblessedcitywhichis themost beloved land in thesightofAllah(هلالج لج)andthechosenlocation of His House. It washere that the final prophet andguide of the whole of mankind,Muhammad andbornwas,(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)commencedhisProphethood.

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§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص),sittingonhiscamelintheAl-Hazwarahmarket,addressedMakkahsaying,“ByAllah,youarethebestlandofAllah,themostbelovedlandofAllahtoAllah.HadInotbeendrivenoutofyou,Iwouldnothaveleftyou.”[ZaadulMa’aad]

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)onceremarked:“ThereisnocityinwhichDajjalwillbeunabletoenterbesidesMakkahandMadinah.Everystreetwillbelinedwithangelsstandinginrowstoprotectthem.”[Bukhari]

§ In the timeof theProphet Allianceseconomy.bustlingMakkah’sofpartmajorawerecaravanscamel,(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)werestruckbetweenthemerchantsinMakkahandthelocalnomadictribes,whowouldbringgoods–leather,livestock,andmetalsminedinthelocalmountains–toMakkahtobeloadedonthecaravansandcarriedtocitiesinSyriaandIraq.HistoricalaccountsalsoprovidesomeindicationthatgoodsfromothercontinentsmayalsohaveflowedthroughMakkah.

§ MuslimscientistshaveprovidedevidencetoshowthatMakkahisthetruecentreoftheEarth,oneargumentbeingthatunlikeotherlongitudes,Makkah’sisinperfectalignmenttomagneticnorth.

MapofMakkahwithmajorplaceshighlighted:

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TheKa’bah

§ RegardingtheKa’bah,Allah(هلالج لج)mentionsintheQuraninSurahAl-Ma’idah:“AllahhasmadetheKa’bah,theSacredHouse,anasylumofsecurityandbenefits(e.g.HajjandUmrah)formankind.”[5:97]

§ TheKa’bahhasbeenbuiltoradjustedonseveraloccasionsthroughouthistory.Themostfamousbuildersare;theangelswhooriginallyconstructedit;thefirstmanandprophet,Adam( مالسلاھیلع );Ibraheem( مالسلاھیلع )withthehelpofhissonIsmail( مالسلاھیلع );bytheQurayshduringtheJahiliyyahperiod(thiswaswitnessedbytheProphet)ZubairbinAbdullahbyandold)years25washewhen(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) ھنعهللايضر )in65AHwhorebuiltitaccordingtothewishoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).

§ DirectlyabovetheKa’bah,atitszenith,thereisacorrespondingplaceintheheavenscalledtheBaytulMa’moorwhichholdsthesamestatusthereastheKa’bahdoeshereonearth.Eachdayseventythousandangelsengageinworship thereandnoneof themgeta secondopportunity topresent themselves thereagain.TheBaytulMa’moorissuchasacredandhonouredplacethatAllah(هلالج لج)takesanoathonit intheQuraninSurahToor:“AndIswearbytheBaytulMa’moor.”[4:52]

§ HadhratAbdullahbinAbbas( ھنعهللايضر )reportsthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“OnehundredandtwentymerciesdescendupontheKa’baheverydayandnight;sixtyforthoseperformingtawaf,fortyforthoseengagedinsalahandtwentyforthosewhoaremerelylookingattheKa’bah.”[Bayhaqi]

§ DuringtheNightofAscension(mi’raj)whentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)reachedtheseventhlevelofheaven,hemettheProphetIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )restingagainsttheBaytulMa’moor.Ibraheem( مالسلاھیلع )returnedthegreetingofhisdescendantandtestifiedthatMuhammed(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wastheProphetofAllah.

§ ThenoblestshadeonearthisthatoftheHolyKa’bah.Khabbab( ھنعهللايضر )reports,“WeonceapproachedtheProphet anddifficultyawith(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) foundhimsittingin theshadeof theKa’bah, leaningonhisshawl.”[Bukhari]

§ ThenorthcorneroftheKa’bahfacestowardsSyria,JordanandPalestine;theeastcorner(wheretheHajaral-Aswad is) faces towardsOman,IndiaandMalaysia; thesouthcorner (RukunYamani) faces towardsYemen,MauritiusandKenya;andthewestcornerfacestowardsEgypt,MoroccoandSpain.

§ ThecoveringoftheKa’bahisknownastheKiswahandwasfirstplacedbytheprophetIsmail( مالسلاھیلع ).

§ DuringtheeraofAbdullahbinZubair( ھنعهللايضر )theKa’bahwasdamagedbycatapultfirein64AHwhenthearmyofYazeed-bin-MuawaiyalaidsiegetoMakkah.OneofAbdullahbinZubair’scompanionslitafire,asparkflew off and set alight the kiswah (covering) of the Holy Ka’bah. Thewooden portions of the Ka’bahwereburnedwhichnecessitateditsdemolitionandreconstruction.AbdullahbinZubair( ھنعهللايضر )reconstructediton the foundations of Ibraheem ( مالسلاھیلع ), thus fulfilling what the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) had wished for, as the

The Ka’bah, also known asBaytullah (The House of Allah),is the first house built forhumanity to worship Allah .(هلالج لج)The small, cubed building maynotrivalotherfamousbuildingsintermsofsizebutitsimpactonhistory and human beings isunmatched. It functions as theQibla, the direction towhich allMuslimsprayfivetimesaday.

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constructionmadebytheQurayshwasaboutthreemetersshortbecausetheyhadrunoutoflawfulearningstofinancethebuild.

§ WhenHajjaj-bin-YusufhadthegovernorshipoverMakkahheinformedtheUmmayadKhalifahAbdulMalikIbnMarwanthatAbdullahbinZubair( ھنعهللايضر )hadchangedtheKa’bahtosomethingthatwasdifferenttohowitwasinthelifetimeoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).Hegavepermissiontochangeitagainandin73AHitwaschangedtoitspreviousstate.However,whenAbdulMalikcametoknowtheHadithoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)ofhowhehaddesiredtheKa’bahtohavebeenontheoriginalfoundationsofIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )hewasfullofremorseaboutwhathehaddone.

§ MuslimsdonotpraytotheKa’bah,itfunctionsmerelyasaunifyingdirectionpoint.DuringhistimeinMakkah,theProphetMuhammad(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)usedtopraytowardsBait-al-Maqdis(Jerusalem),withtheKa’bahinfrontofhim.WhenhemigratedtoMadinah,heprayedtowardsJerusalemfor16months,buthehopeditwouldbechangedtotheKa’bah.Allah(هلالج لج)thenrevealedthefollowingverseintheQuraninSurahal-Baqarah:“Verily,Wehaveseen the turningof your (Muhammad’s) face towards theheaven. Surely,We shall turn you toaQibla(prayer direction) that shall please you, so turn your face in the direction of al-Masjid al-Haram (atMakkah).Andwheresoeveryoupeopleare,turnyourfaces(inprayer)inthatdirection.”[2:144]

§ ThereareAhadiththatconfirmthattheKa’bahwillbedestroyedtowardstheendoftime.AbuHurairah( هللايضرھنع )narratedthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“TheKa’bahwillbedestroyedbyDhus-Suwaiqatain(amanwiththinlegs)fromAbyssinia(Ethiopia).”[Bukhari]

ThedifferentpartsoftheKa’bah:

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InsidetheKa’bah

§ WhenIslambegantospread,theQurayshbecamemoreembitteredandcouldnottoleratetheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)any longer.Thechiefsdrewupadocumentwhichcalled for thesocialandeconomicboycottof theProphettheofMuharram1stondocumentthissignedallTheyfamily.hisandhimsupportedwhothosealland(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)seventhyearoftheProphethoodandthescrollwashunginsidetheKa’bahtogiveitfullsanctity.ForthreelongyearstheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andhiskinsmenwereexpelledtoanarrowvalleyinMakkah.Foodwassoscarcethattheyhadtoresorttoeatingleavesoftreesandtheirchildren’scriescouldbeheardalloverthevalley.AtlastbytheGraceofAllah,thescrollwaseatenupbywhiteantssaveforthenameofAllahandtheboycottwaslifted.

§ WhentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)arrivedinMakkahonthedayofvictory(in8AH),hemadetawafaroundtheKa’bahseventimesandtouchedtheHajaral-Aswadwithhisstaff.HethenaskedUthmanbinTalhatoopenthedooroftheKa’bah.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)enteredtheKa’bahaccompaniedbyUsamabinZaid,BilalandUthmanbinTalha( مھنعهللايضر ).TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)closedthedoor,performedprayer,andstayedforsometime.

§ ThetwohornsoftheramwhichIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )slaughteredwerehunginsidetheKa’bah.WhenAbdullahbinZubair( ھنعهللايضر )demolishedtheKa’bahtorebuildit,hefoundthehornshaddisintegratedduetopreviousdamageandage.

§ TheQurayshhaderectedtheirchief idol,Hubal,withinthecentreofKa’bah.Itwasmadeofredcarnelian(atypeofmineral)andshaped likeahumanwith therighthandbrokenwhich theQurayshhadreplacedwithgold.InfrontoftheidolweresevenarrowsoffateandwhenthepaganArabswereundecidedonamattertheywouldgotoHubalandthrowthearrowsinfrontofhimandtook‘advice’basedonhowthearrowsappeared.

§ AbdulMuttalib, thegrandfatherof theProphet thatvowamadehad(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) ifheeverhad tensonshewouldsacrificeoneofthemtoGodinfrontoftheKa’bah.Whenhesubsequentlyfatheredtengrownupsonsupheannouncedhisvowto themandhad theirnameswrittenonarrowsof fatewhichweremixedand thenonedrawnout.Destiny fell uponAbdullah, his youngest anddearest son,whowas to become the father of theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).NotwantingtosacrificeAbdullah,AbdulMuttalibconsultedasoothsayertoseehowhecouldbeexoneratedfromhisvowandinreturnforAbdullah’slifehegaveaway100camels.HencetheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)iscalledthedescendantofthe“twosacrificedones”(Ismail( مالسلاھیلع )andhisownfather,Abdullah).

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)hadHubaldestroyedaftertheconquestofMakkah.

Thisphotoshowsarareviewofwhat the interior of the Ka’bahlooks like. The constructionmadeby Ibraheem( مالسلاھیلع )hadnoroof, itwas theQurayshwhoraised the walls of the Ka’bahand added a roof. Today, only aprivileged few have had theopportunity to step inside theKa’bah.

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Hajaral-Aswad(TheBlackStone)

§ TheHajaral-AswadwasbroughtfromJannahandpresentedtoIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )tobeplacedonthecorneroftheKa’bah. IbnAbbas ( ھنعهللايضر ) narrated that the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) said: “TheBlack Stone camedown fromParadiseanditwaswhiterthanmilk,butthesinsofthesonsofAdamturneditblack.”[Tirmidhi]

§ Du’asareacceptedattheHajaral-AswadandontheDayofJudgementitwilltestifyinfavourofallthosewhokissedit.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“ByAllah!OntheDayofQiyamah,AllahwillpresenttheHajaral-Aswadinsuchamanner that itwill have two eyes anda tongue to testify to the Imaan(faith)of all thosewhokissedit.”[Tirmidhi]

§ WhentheQurayshdemolishedtheHolyKa’bahinorderto reconstruct it,adisputearosewhenthebuildingreachedtheleveloftheBlackStone.TheydifferedontheissueofwhowaseligibletorestoretheBlackStonetoitsoriginalplace.Acivilwarwasabouttobreakout.BanuAbdu’d-Darbroughtabowlfullofbloodandallofthetribesinsertedtheirhandsinit,whichmeantthattheyhadmadeuptheirmindstofightoneanother.ButAbuUmayyaIbnal-Mugheera,theirelder,askedQurayshtoagreeonthejudgementofthefirstpersontocomethroughtheBaniShaibahgateandtheyallagreedonthissuggestion.ThefirsttocomethroughthisgatewastheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).Thiswas fiveyearsbeforehismission.Heput theBlackStone in themiddleofapieceofcloth,andaskedarepresentativeofeachtribetoholdoneoftheedgesoftheclothandraiseitclosetoitsplace.ThentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)pickeditupwithhisownnoblehandsandrestoredittoitsoriginalplace.Thiswashowthe Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) prevented awar from breaking out among the Quraysh by a supreme demonstration ofwisdom.

§ IbnAbbas( ھنعهللايضر )relatesthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص),whileleaningagainsttheKa’bahsaid:“TheHajral-Aswadandal-Maqam(Ibraheem)aretwojewelsfromthejewelsofParadise.HadAllah(هلالج لج)notconcealedtheirradiance,theywouldilluminateeverythingbetweentheEastandtheWest.”[Tirmidhi]

§ Umar( ھنعهللايضر )oncekissedtheHajaral-Aswadandsaid,“Iknowwellthatyouarejustastonethatcandoneithergoodnorharm.HadInotseentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)kissyou,Iwouldnothavedoneso.”Umar( هللايضرھنع )madethestatementbecausethereweremanypeoplewhowerenewlyconvertedtoIslamandhedidnotwantthemtogettheimpressionthatMuslimsalsoreveredstonesastheArabsreveredandworshippedstoneidolsduringthePeriodofIgnorance.Umar( ھنعهللايضر )madeitclearthathewasfollowingtheSunnahpracticeoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andthatalthoughthestoneisblessed,itcandoneitherharmnorgood.

§ TheHajaral-AswadwasstolenfromtheKa’baharound930CEbyQarmatianwarriorswhowereanIsmaeeliShiasect.TheyransackedMakkah,desecratingtheWellofZamzamwithMuslimcorpsesandcarriedtheBlackStoneawaytotheirbaseinIhsaa, inmedievalBahrain.AccordingtothehistorianAl-Juwayni,thestonewasreturnedinaround952CEandrestoredtoitsoriginallocation.

The Hajar al-Aswad is set in theeasterncorneroftheKa’bah.Tawafis startedand ended by facing thissacred stone.Throughout theages,innumerable people includingmany of the Prophets ( مالسلاھیلع ), theProphet Muhammad (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) himself,theSahabah( مھنعهللايضر ),manypiouspersonalities and millions ofMuslims who have performed Hajjand Umrah have placed theirblessedlipsonit.

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§ TheHajar al-Aswadwas originally a complete stone but due to various historical incidents now consists ofeightpiecesofvaryingsizesaffixedtoa largestoneandencasedinasilverframe.ThesilverframewasfirstmadebyAbdullahbinZubair( ھنعهللايضر )andreplacedbylaterKhalifasastheneedarose.

§ Six(additional)piecesareclaimedtobeinIstanbul,Turkey.OneisdisplayedinthemihraboftheBlueMosque,oneabove theentranceof the tombofSulaiman theMagnificentand four in theSokulluSehitMehmetPasaCamiimosque(oneoverthemihrab,onebelowthelowerpulpit,anotherisabovetheupperpulpitandthelastisovertheentrancedoor).Theauthenticityoftheseadditionalpieceshasbeenquestioned,althoughtheTurksdidruleoverwhatisnowSaudiArabiaformanyyearsandholdmanyhistoricalIslamicrelics.AndAllah(هلالج لج)knowsbest.

§ NotethatwhenkissingtheHajaral-Aswad,oneshouldneitherpushpeoplenorharmanyonebecausewhilekissing theHajar al-Aswad is Sunnah, causing harm to people isa forbidden act (haram).When the area iscrowded,itwillsufficetomerelypointtowardstheHajaral-Aswadwithone’shandorastickwhilerecitingtheTakbeerandthentokissthehandorstick.AlthoughtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)kissedtheHajaral-Aswaddirectly,healso pointed towards it when the areawas crowded, it is therefore clear that both kissing it and pointingtowardsitareSunnah.

DetailoftheHajaral-Aswadshowingthepositionofthe8pieces:

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Multazam

§ TheMultazamisanareawheredu’asareaccepted.ItissunnahtoholdontothewalloftheKa’bahinsuchamannerthatacheek,chestandhandsareagainstthewall.ItisreportedthatAbdullahbinUmar( ھنعهللايضر )oncecompletedtheTawaf,performedthesalahandthenkissedtheHajaral-Aswad.Thereafter,hestoodbetweentheHajaral-AswadandthedooroftheKa’bahinsuchamannerthatthecheek,chestandhandswereagainstthewall.Hethensaid,“ThisiswhatIsawRasulullah(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)do.”

§ AbdullahbinAbbas( ھنعهللايضر )says,“Thesignsofacceptanceforanydu’amadebetweentheHajaral-AswadandthedooroftheKa’bahwillcertainlybeseen.”

§ Mujaahid( ھنعهللايضر )says,“TheareabetweentheHajaral-AswadandthedooriscalledtheMultazam.Allahwillgrantapersonwhateverheasksforthereandsavehimfromwhateverheseeksrefugefromthere.”

Close-upoftheMultazamarea:

The area between the Hajar al-Aswad and the Door of theKa’bahiscalledtheMultazam.Itis approximately two metreswideand isaplacewheredu’as(supplications)areaccepted.

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DooroftheKa’bah

§ When Ibraheem ( مالسلاھیلع )built theKa’bah, theopeningsof theKa’bahwereonground level.Peopleenteredfromtheeasternopeningandexitedthroughthewesternone.

§ Aisha( اھنعهللايضر )onceaskedtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)whatreasontheQurayshhadforraisingthedoorabovetheground.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)replied,“YourpeoplediditsothattheycouldpermitintotheKa’bahonlythosepeoplewhom theyapprovedof and couldprevent thosewhom theypleased.Had yourpeoplenot beenrecentlyremovedfromignoranceandhadInotfearedthattheywouldbeaversetochange,IwouldhaveincludedtheHateemwithintheKa’bahandbroughtthedoorlevelwiththeground.”

§ Atthetopofeachdoorisinscribed:“AllahJaljalaalahMuhammadsallallaahualaihiwasallam”.§ BeneathallofthisisinscribedthefollowingversesoftheQuran:

“InthenameofAllah,theMostCompassionate,theMostMerciful.”

“Enterwithpeaceandsafety.”[15:46]

“Allah has made the Ka’bah the sacred house, as well as the sacred months a means by which (thephysicalandspiritualsafetyandwell-beingof)mankindismaintained.”[5:97]

“Say, ‘OmyRabb!Allowmetoenterapleasantplace,allowmeto leavepleasantlyandgrantmesuchauthorityfromYourselfthatiscoupledwith(Your)assistance.’”[17:80]

“YourRabbhasmademercy(towardsyou)compulsoryuponhimself.”[6:5]

“YourRabbsays,‘SupplicatetoMeandIshallrespond.’”[40:60]

“Say,‘OMybondsmenwhohavewrongedtheirsouls(bycommittingkufrorothersins)!NeverlosehopeofAllah’smercy.’”[39:53]

§ Thewords“AllahuAkbar”isinscribedonthetworingsandSurahFaatihahasbeenengravedbeneaththelock.

This is the entrance of theKa’bah on its eastern side.Originally itwasatgroundlevelbut was raised up when theQurayshrebuilttheKa’bah.

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Hateem/HijrIsmail

§ WhentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)was35yearsold,adevastatingflooddamagedtheKa’bahand,asithadalreadybeenweakenedbyanearlierfire,wasindangerofcollapsing.Seeingthattheirhouseofworshipwasunderthreat,the Quraysh decided to rebuild the Ka’bah. They resolved not to taint the project with resources gainedthrough usury (interest), prostitution or thieving. They came to know of a Roman ship that had becomewrecked at a nearbyport and a contingentwent to purchase thewood of the ship. Theyalso contractedacarpenter,namedBaqoom,whohadbeenoneofthepassengersontheshiptocomeandreconstructthewalls.Theconstructionstartedwitheachtribebeingallocatedspecificduties.Thenoblesamongthemcarriedpiecesof stoneandpiled themup inoneplace.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) andhisuncleAbbaswereamong thosecarryingstones.However,thetribeswereunabletocollectenoughmoneytorebuildtheKa’bahcompletelysoasmallwallwasbuilt showing theboundariesof theoriginal foundation laidby Ibraheem ( مالسلاھیلع ).This smallwallenclosedanareaonthenorthernsideoftheKa’bah.

§ Somescholarshavementioned that thegravesof Ismail ( مالسلاھیلع ) andhismotherHajra ( مالسلااھیلع (lieburiedbeneaththeHijrIsmail.However,othershavedismissedthenarrationsasbeingDa’eef(weak).

§ Aisha( اھنعهللايضر )reportsthatwhensheaskedtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)whethertheHateemwaspartoftheKa’bah,herepliedthatitwas.WhenshefurtheraskedwhyitwasthennotincludedinthewallsoftheKa’bah,theProphetfunds.” [Bukhari]sufficienthavenotdidQuraysh)(thepeopleyourreplied, “Because(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)

§ Aisha( اھنعهللايضر ) says, “When Iexpressed thewish toperformsalahwithin theKa’bah, theProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)tookmebythehandandledmeintotheHijr(Hateem)wherehesaid,‘PerformsalahhereifyouwishtoentertheKa’bahbecausethisispartoftheBaytullah.’”

§ ItmustbenotedherethatanareaofapproximatelythreemetersadjacentfromthewalloftheKa’bahactuallyconstitutesasbeingpartoftheKa’bah,therestfallsoutsidetheKa’bah.ItishoweverclearthatTawafmustbeperformedoutsidethecompleteareaoftheHateem.

§ AnothernarrationstatesthatRasulullah(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said,“OAisha!HadyourpeoplenotveryrecentlybeeninthePeriodofIgnorance,IwouldhavehadtheKa’bahdemolishedandincludedtheleft-outportionwithinitswalls.IwouldhavealsobroughttheinsideoftheKa’bahtogroundlevelandaddedtwodoors,withoneontheeasternwallandtheotheronthewesternwall.Inthismanner,itwouldbeaccordingtothebuildingandfoundationofIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع ).”

The Hateem is the crescentshaped area immediatelyadjacenttotheKa’bah.Partofitisalsoknownasthe‘HijrIsmail’as this was the place whereIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )constructedashelter for Ismail ( مالسلاھیلع ) andhis mother Hajra (upon her bepeace).

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Meezab

§ Itiscommonlyreferredtoasthe‘Meezab-e-Rahmah’(Thewateroutletofmercy).§ TheQurayshwerethefirsttoconstructaroofontheKa’bahandthereforethefirsttoattachthisdownpipe.

Beforetheirconstruction,therewasneitheraroofnoradownpipe.

§ TheMeezabwasremodelledwhentheKa’bahwasrenovatedintheyear1417AH(1996CE).ThedimensionswereretainedastheywerewhentheOttomanEmperorSultanAbdulMajeedKhanrenovatedtheMeezabintheyear1273AH(1857CE).

Detailofthewaterspout:

TheMeezab is the golden spoutfrom where rainwater on theroofof theKa’bah fallsonto theHijr Ismail. It is reported thatthe Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) supplicatedundertheMeezab.

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MaqameIbraheem

§ IthasbeenreportedfromSa’eedbinJubair( ھنعهللايضر )thattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“ThestoneisthestationofIbraheem.Allahmadeitsoftandmadeitamercy.IbraheemwouldstandonitandIsmailwouldhandthestonesuptohim.” [MuthirAl-Gharam]

§ Ibraheem and Ismail (upon them be peace) used to mention the following Quranic verse as they wereconstructingtheHolyKa’bah,“OurLord!Accept(thisservice)fromus:foryouaretheAll-Hearing,TheAll-Knowing.” [2:127]

§ WhenIbraheem ( مالسلاھیلع ) completed the construction of the Ka’bah hewas commanded by Allah And“:(هلالج لج)proclaimtomankindtheHajj(pilgrimage).Theywillcometoyouonfootandoneveryleancamel,theywillcomefromeverydeepanddistant(wide)mountainhighway(toperformHajj).” [22:27]

§ IbnKathir says in his commentary that this versemeans: ‘Proclaim (O Ibraheem) theHajj to thepeople,calling them to come on pilgrimage to this House which We have commanded you to build’. It wasmentionedthathesaid,“OLord,howcanIproclaimittothepeoplewhenmyvoicedoesnotreachthem?”.Hesaid,“CallandWewillconveyit.”

§ SohestoodathisMaqam(station)–oraccordingtosomenarrationsonal-Safa,oronmountAbuQubays–andsaid: “O people, your Lord has taken a House, so come to it on pilgrimage.” And it was said that themountainsloweredthemselvessothathisvoicecouldreachallpartsoftheearthandthosewhowerestillinthewombsorinmen’sloinsalsoheard,andeverythingthatheardhim,cities,nomadencampmentsandtrees,andeveryonewhomAllahhasdecreedshouldperformHajjuntiltheDayofResurrectionresponded(saying)“LabbaykAllahummalabbayk(HereIam,OAllah,hereIam)”.ThisisthesummaryofwhatwasnarratedfromIbnAbbas,Mujahid,Ikrimah,SaeedibnJubayrandothers( مھنعهللايضر ).

§ Umar( ھنعهللايضر )reportsthatAllah(هلالج لج)fulfilledthreewishesthathehad.Ofthesethree,onewashisproposaltotheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)thattheMaqamiIbraheemshouldbemadeaplaceforperformingsalah(prayer).Allah(هلالج لج)revealedthefollowingverseintheQuraninSurahal-Baqarah:“TaketheMaqamofIbraheemasaplaceofsalah”[2:125]

§ AtthetimeofIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )theMaqamwasattachedtotheKa’bah.Umar( ھنعهللايضر ),seeingthatleavingitwhereitwaswouldmakethespacetoocrowdedfortawaforforprayershaditmovedtotheplaceitisinnowtomakeiteasierforpeople.TherewasconsensusamongtheSahabahforthisactionofUmar( ھنعهللايضر ),forhewastheonewhohadsuggesteditshouldbetakenasaplaceofprayer.

§ JuhmbinHudhayfah( ھنعهللايضر ),aSahabiwhowaspresentwhentheQurayshrebuilttheKa’bahaswellaswhenAbdullah bin Zubair ( ھنعهللايضر ) rebuilt it says that the blessed footprints of the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) very closelymatchesthoseofIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع ).TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)alsomentioned:“FromallthechildrenofIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )itisIwhoresembleshimthemost.”[Bukhari]

TheMaqameIbraheemreferstothestone on which Ibraheem ( مالسلاھیلع )stoodonwhilehewasbuildingtheKa’bah. As Ismail ( مالسلاھیلع ) passedstones to him and as he continuedlaying them in place the MaqamiIbraheem miraculously continuedrising higher and higher as thewalls rose. Allah (هلالج لج) caused thetraceofhisfootprintstoremainonthe stone as a reminder to thebelieversamonghisdescendants.

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RukanYamani

§ BecausethiscornerisstillstandingonthefoundationthatIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )built,thenarrationofAbdullahbinAbbas( ھنعهللايضر )statesthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)made‘Istilaam’ofit.

§ ‘Istilaam’referstothetouchingofthecornerwhetherthisisdonebyhandorbykissing.AstheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)touchedtheRuknYamaanibyhand,thispractiseisSunnah.However,thereisnoharmifoneisunabletotouchitduetothecrowds.NotethatthereisnonarrationtoindicateyoushouldkisstheRuknYamani.

§ ItwasthepracticeoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)thatwhenhepassedbetweentheRuknYamaniandtheHajaral-Aswad,he recited the followingdu’a:“ORabb,grantus (all thatwhich is)goodin thisworld, (all thatwhich is)goodintheAakhirahandsaveusfromthepunishmentofthefire(ofJahannam).” [2:201]

HowcountriesareapproximatelyorientatedtowardstheKa’bah:

This corner of the Ka’bah iscalled the Rukan Yamanibecauseitissituatedonthesideof the Ka’bah which facestowards the landofYemen.It ison the wall opposite to that oftheHajaral-Aswad.

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ZamzamWell

§ Ibraheem ( مالسلاھیلع ) took his son Ismail ( مالسلاھیلع ) and the child’smotherHajra (orHajar) ( مالسلااھیلع ) toMakkahwhereheleftthemwithonlysomewateranddatesasprovisions.Oncetheprovisionsranout,motherandsonbecamethirstyandrestless.Hajra( مالسلااھیلع )climbedupMountSafatoseewhethershecouldsightanypeoplefromwhomshecouldgetwater.Whenshesawnothing, shecrossed thevalleyand thenclimbedupMountMarwahforthesamereason.Whenshesawnothinghereeither,shestartedrunningfromSafatoMarwahandbackagaininheranxiety.WhenshehaddonesoseventimesandwasontopofMountMarwah,sheheardasound.Whenshereturned(towherehersonlay),shesawthatanangelhadstruckhiswingontheground,causingwatertogushforthfromthespot.Thenameofthewellcomesfromthephrase‘ZomeZome’,meaning‘stopflowing’,acommandrepeatedbyHajra( مالسلااھیلع )duringherattempttocontainthewater.

§ WhentheJurhumtribefromYemenarrivedinMakkahsometimeafterwards,theysettledthereandIsmail( ھیلعمالسلا )marriedoneofthem.ItwasthechildrenofIsmail( مالسلاھیلع )whohadthehonouroflookingaftertheKa’bah

and after them the Jurhum tribe assumed responsibility. However, once these people started violating thesanctityoftheplace,theZamzamwelldriedupasaformofpunishmentforthemandeventuallynosignwasleftof it.Forcenturies,peopledidnotevenknowwhereitwaslocated.ThewellwasrediscoveredbyAbdulMuttalib,thegrandfatheroftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).

§ ThereishealingpowerinZamzam.IbnAbbas( ھنعهللايضر )reportsthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said,“Thebestwateronthe face of the earth is the water of Zamzam. In it is complete nourishment and healing fromsickness.” [At-Tabarani].NotethatyoumaystandanddrinkZamZambutitisnotcompulsorytostand,facetheQiblaorcoverthehead.

§ Jaabir ( ھنعهللايضر ) says, “I heard theProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) say: ‘Zamzam is acure for anypurpose forwhich it isdrunk’.” AnotherHadithstates,“Ifyoudrinkittoquenchathirst,itwilldoso,andifyoudrinkittofillthestomachinplaceoffood,itwilldoso,andifyoudrinkitforacurefromsomeillness,itwilldoso.” [It-Haaf]

§ IbnAbbas( ھنعهللايضر )reportsthatwhentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)drankZamzamhesaidthefollowingprayer:“OAllah,grantmebeneficialknowledge,abundantsustenanceandacurefromalldiseases.”

This historic photo shows thelocation of the Zamzam well inthe Mataf area. The well hasprovided some 4000 years ofalmostcontinuouswatersupply,alivingmiracle.

Notethatthiscircularmarkerisnolongervisible.

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Safa/Marwah

§ Allah(هلالج لج)makesmentionoftheSafaandMarwahmountainsintheQuraninSurahBaqarah:“VerilySafaandMarwahareamongthelandmarks(distinctivesigns)of(theDeenof)Allah.” [2:158]

§ WhenHajra( مالسلااھیلع )waspassingthroughthevalleybetweenSafaandMarwahinhersearchforwatershekepthereyeonherbabyson,Ismail( مالسلاھیلع ).However,forpartofthevalleyhewashiddenfromviewandsheranthis length. It is in emulation of this action thatmen are required to rush through the same section of theMas’aa.Theareawheresheranistodayclearlydemarcatedbygreenlighting.

§ AbdullahbinAbbas( ھنعهللايضر )narratesthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)climbedupMountSafawhenAllah(هلالج لج)revealedtheverse:“Andwarnyourtribe(OMuhammad)ofnearkindred.” [26:214]

§ After ascending the Safamountain he shouted: “Ya Sabahah!” (anArabic expressionwhen one appeals forhelpordrawstheattentionofotherstosomedanger).WhenthepeoplehadgatheredaroundhimtheProphetothertheonvalleythefromyouattacktoadvancingwerehorsementhatyoutoldIthem, “Iftosaid(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)sideofthismountain,willyoubelieveme?”.“Yes”,theyreplied,“Wehavealwaysfoundyoutruthful.” TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said, “Iamaplainwarnertoyouofacomingseverepunishment.” AfterthisvividanalogytheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)askedthemtosavethemselvesbydeclaringthatAllahwasoneandthathe,Muhammad,washismessenger.AbuLahab(hisuncle)said, “Mayyouperish!Yougatheredusonlyforthisreason?”. Uponthis‘Surahal-Lahab’(PerishthehandsofAbuLahab!)wasrevealed.

§ AfterconqueringMakkah in8AH, theProphet went(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) to theHajaral-Aswadand thenperformed tawaf.Then the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) climbedMount Safa, faced towards the Ka’bah and after praising Allah, he startedmakingdu’a.Itwasfromherethatheannounced(tothelocalMakkans), “WhoeverentersthehouseofAbuSufyanhasamnestyandwhoeverclosesthedoorofhishousehasamnesty.”

§ The strip of ground between Safa and Marwah is referred to as the Mas’aa. The distance between themountainsofSafaandMarwahisapproximately450meterswhichmeansthattheseventripstakenamounttoroughly1.96miles(3.15km).

Safa and Marwah are the twomountainsbetweenwhichHajra( مالسلااھیلع ) rushed seven times tosee if she could spot any wateroranyonefromwhomshecouldget some inorder togive toherinfant Ismail ( مالسلاھیلع ). Thisaction is copied by all pilgrimsperformingHajjorUmrahandisknownasSa’ee.

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Babul-Fatah

§ When the armyofMuslims came towardsMakkah, they first haltedatDhuTuwa, not far from the city butwithin sight of it.Whenhis camelQaswa came to a halt, the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) bowedhis headuntil his beardalmosttouchedthesaddle,ingratitudetoAllah(هلالج لج).

§ The Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) then drew up his troops to enterMakkah. The sheer surprise of the attack stunned theQurayshandverylittleresistancewasputupagainsttheMuslims.

§ It isreportedthatAli, thegrandsonoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)throughhisdaughterZainab( ھنعهللايضر ),satwiththeProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)onthecamel’sbackduringthetriumphalentryintoMakkah.

§ AredleathertentwaspitchedfortheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)inwhichhemadewudhu(ablution)andperformedeightrakahsofnaflsalah,afterwhichherestedforanhourormore.ThenhecalledforQaswa,andhavingputonhiscoatofmailandhishelmet,hegirdonhissword;butinhishandhecarriedastaff,andhisvisorwasup.Someofthosewhohadriddenwithhimthatmorningwerealreadyinlineoutsidethetent,andtheymadeanescortforhimashewenttotheHaram,talkingtoAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر ),whowasathisside.

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wenttotheKa’bahandperformedtawaf.AroundtheKa’bahwere360idols.Withastickhewas carrying he pushed them over, saying: “The truth has come and falsehood has vanished away.Falsehood is ever vanishing”[17:81]“The truth has come and falsehood originates not nor bringsagain” [34:49]

§ AfterperformingthecircletheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)dismountedfromhiscamelandprayedattheMaqamiIbraheem,thendrankfromthewellofZamzam.HethenaskedforthekeystotheKa’bahandwentinsideforawhile.BythetimehecameouttheQurayshhadfilledtheHaram,awaitinganxiouslytoseewhathewoulddonext.

§ The Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) stood at the door of the Ka’bah, holding its frame and spoke at length to his formerpersecutorshumbledbeforehim,explainingseverallawsofIslamandabolishingallpaganpractices.Thenheaskedthem, “MenoftheQuraysh!WhatdoyouthinkIwilldotoyou?.”Theysaid,“Wehopeforthebest.Youareanoble brotherand the sonof anoblebrother!”.TheProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) replied, “I say to youwhatYusufsaidtohisbrothers,‘Noreproachshallbeonyouthisday.’Goonyourway,youarefree.”

§ The Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) ordered Bilal ( ھنعهللايضر ) to climb up on the roof of the Ka’bah and give the athan (it isnarratedthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)himselfofferedhisshoulderforBilal( ھنعهللايضر )toclimbfrom).ItwasthefirsttimetheleadersoftheQurayshhadheardthewordofAllahrisingup;thevalleyofMakkahreverberatedwiththesound.

§ ManyeminentmembersofQuraysh,formerbitterenemies,cameintothefoldofIslamonthisdayincludingAbuSufyanandhiswifeHindwhohadduringthebattleofUhudchewedtheliverofHamza( ھنعهللايضر ).

This gateway to the Ka’bah isknownasBab-ul-Fatah (DoorofVictory). It was from here thattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)enteredduringthe conquest of Makkah onFriday,20Ramadhan8AH.

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DaarulArqam

§ ThehousebelongedtoaSahabinamedArqambinAbuArqam( ھنعهللايضر ).ForsometimeaftertheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)proclaimedhisProphethood, this housewas the secret centre of propagation. Itwashere that theMuslimsgathered to perform salah and to learn about Islam. As it was a shortwalk away from the Ka’bah and itsbustlingcrowds,thepaganswholivednearbydidnottakenoticeofthemanypeoplewhousedtogatherhere.

§ DaarulArqamwaswherethefollowingverseoftheQur’anwasrevealed:“OProphet,Allahissufficientforyou,andforthosewhofollowyouamongthebelievers.” [8:64]

§ WhenUmar ( ھنعهللايضر ) saw the truth of Islam andwanted to take his Shahadah (declaration of the faith ofIslam)heaskedKhabbab( ھنعهللايضر )wherehewouldfindtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).UponhearingofhisdesiretoacceptIslam,Khabbab( ھنعهللايضر )exclaimed,“Umar,IhavehopethatAllahhathchosentheethroughtheprayersofHisProphet,whomyesterdayIheardpray:‘OAllah,strengthenIslamwithAbuHakam(AbuJahal)thesonofHishamorwithUmar thesonofKhattab!’.“OKhabbab,” saidUmar, “wherewillMuhammadnowbe,thatImaygotohimandenterIslam?” Khabbab( ھنعهللايضر )informedhimthathewasatthehouseofArqamneartheSafaGatewithmanyofhiscompanions.

§ UmarwenttoSafa,knockedatthedoorofthehouse,andsaidwhohewas.TheSahabahhadbeenwarnedthathewascomingbuttheywerestruckbythesubduedtoneofhisvoice.Oneofthecompanionswenttothedoorand looked through a chink and came back in some dismay. “OMessenger of Allah”, he said, “it is indeedUmarandheisgirtwithhissword”. “Lethimcomein,” saidHamza( ھنعهللايضر ). “Ifhehascomewithgoodintent, we will give him a wealth of good; and if his intent be evil, we will slay him with his ownsword.” TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)agreedthatheshouldbeadmittedand,advancingtomeethim,heseizedhimbythebeltandpulledhimintothemiddleoftheroomsaying, “Whathasbroughttheehere,OsonofKhattab?IcannotseetheedesistinguntilAllahsentdownsomecalamitiesuponthee”. “OMessengerofAllah,” saidUmar, “IhavecometotheethatImaydeclaremyfaithinAllah,andinhisMessengerandinwhathehasbrought fromAllah”. “Allahu-Akbar!,” said the Prophet, in such away that everyman andwoman in thehouseknewthatUmarhadenteredIslam;andtheyallrejoiced.

§ Because thevalourandcourageofUmar ( ھنعهللايضر )wasacknowledgedbyall, itwasafterhis conversion toIslamthattheMuslimsstartedperformingsalahintheopen.

This area, at the foot of MountSafa was the approximate areawhereDaarulArqam(Thehouseof Arqam) was located. It washereintheinitialperiodofIslamthat the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) secretlypreachedIslam.

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HouseofKhadija( اھنعهللايضر )

§ WhentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)marriedKhadija( اھنعهللايضر ),hemovedoutfromthehouseofhisuncleAbuTalibandintothehouseofhisbride.Atthetimeoftheirmarriagehe(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)was25andKhadija( اھنعهللايضر )was40yearsold.Theystayedtogetherfor25years.

§ Khadija( اھنعهللايضر )wastheProphet’s(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)firstwife,hemarriednoneotherduringherlifetime.SheboreallhischildrenexceptforIbraheem,whowasborntoMariyaQibtiya(MarytheCopt).Allofthechildrenwerebornatherhome.Theywerenamed(inorderofbirth)Qasim,Zaynab,Ruqayyah,UmmKulthoom,Fatima,Abdullah,andIbraheem(scholars,however,disagreeabouttheexactnumberandorderofbirths).Allthesonspassedaway during childhood, but all the daughters lived to see their father become a prophet. Each daughterembracedIslamandmigratedtoMadinah,andallbutFatima( اھنعهللايضر )diedduringthelifetimeoftheProphet)Fatima.(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) اھنعهللايضر )diedsixmonthsafterherfather’sdeath.

§ Aswellastheirimmediatefamily,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andKhadija( اھنعهللايضر )alsohadextendedmembersoftheirhousehold.Barakah(wholaterbecamemorecommonlyknownasUmmAyman),wasthefreedAfricanslavetheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)inheritedfromhisfatherandwhomhewouldsometimesaffectionatelyaddressas‘mother’.ZaidbinHarithawasaslaveboygivenasabridalgifttotheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)byKhadija( اھنعهللايضر );hewassetfreebytheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)butZaidchosetostaywithhimandbecameanadoptedson.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)alsotookhiscousinAliintohishouseholdonaccountofthefinancialhardshipshisuncleAbuTalibwasexperiencing.

§ WhentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)receivedthefirstrevelationoftheQuranonMountHirahecamebackhomeandsaidtoKhadija( اھنعهللايضر ), “Wrapmeup,wrapmeup.” Khadija( اھنعهللايضر )wrappedhimupinablanket.Whenhe)Khadijatorelatedhewhile,shortaaftermindofpeaceregained(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) اھنعهللايضر )whathadhappenedtohimwiththeremark, “Ifeelmylifethreatened.” Khadija( اھنعهللايضر )replied, “Bynomeans,IsweartoAllahthatHewouldneverputyoutoshame.Youjointhetiesofrelationship,youspeakthetruth,youbearpeople’sburdens,youhelpthedestitute,youentertainguestsandyoumitigatethepainsandgriefsufferedforthesakeoftruth.” Sheunhesitatinglybelievedinhim,andacceptedIslamimmediately.

§ TheboycottoftheMuslimsinShe’ebAbiTalibtookaheavytollonthehealthofKhadija( اھنعهللايضر ),andshortlyafter it was ended she passed away. Shewas the Prophet’s trusted advisor and loyal companion, andwasknownbythetitle‘Motherofthebelievers’.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)oncesaidofKhadija( اھنعهللايضر ), “Whennoonebelievedme,shebelievedinme,whenpeopleaccusedmeoflying,sheaffirmedmytruthfulness,andwhenpeopletriedtoimpoverishme,shemademeapartnerinherwealth.”

§ WhentheidolatersofMakkahplottedtoassassinatetheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)theysurroundedhishouseatnight.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wasinsidealongwithAli( ھنعهللايضر ).TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)toldAli( ھنعهللايضر )tosleepinhisbedandcoverhimselfwithhisgreengarmentandassuredhimfullsecurityunderAllah’sprotectionandthatnoharmwouldcometohim.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)thencameoutofhishouseandcastahandfulofdustontheassassins

This is the approximate region,outside theMarwah exit, wherethehouseofUmmulMu’mineenKhadija ( اھنعهللايضر ) was located.The Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) lived herefromthetimeofhismarriagetoher until he emigrated toMadinah.

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andmanagedtoworkhiswaythroughthemrecitingtheseversesoftheQuran:“AndWehaveputabarrierbeforethem,andabarrierbehindthem,andWehavecoveredthemup,sothattheycannotsee.” [36:9]

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)madehiswaytothehouseofAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )fromwheretheysetoffontheHijrahtoMadinah.Unawareof theProphet’sescape, thewould-beassassinswaited forhim tocomeoutofhishouse.Only at dawn when Ali ( ھنعهللايضر ) awoke and came out did they realize that they had been tricked. TheyinterrogatedhimabouttheProphet’swhereabouts,buthepleadedignorance.TheythendraggedhimtotheKa’bahandkepthimcaptivethere,buthedivulgednothing.

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)stayedinthehouseofKhadija( اھنعهللايضر )foraround29years.

Pleasenotethatthelocationshownaboveisonlyanapproximationanditishighlyunlikelythatthehouseexistedatthesamegroundlevel.

PhotosoftheexcavationofthehousetakenduringtheexpansionofMasjidal-Haramduringthe1980s:

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BirthplaceoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)

§ The Prophet’s (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) father Abdullah died about six months before his birth. He had gone on a tradingexpeditiontoGazaandSyriainthenorthandonthewaybackhehadlodgedwithhisgrandmother’sfamilyinYathrib(latertobeknownasMadinah).Hebecameill,diedandwasburiedthere.Thus,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wasbornanorphan.

§ WhilehismotherAminahwaspregnant,shehadadreamthata lightwasemittedfromherlowerbodythatilluminatedthepalacesofSyria.Whenshewentintolabour,ShifabintAmr,themotherofAbdulRahmanbinAuf( اھنعهللايضر )servedasmidwife.AbdulMuttalibreceivedthenewsofhisgrandson’sbirthwithjoy.HetookthenewborntotheKa’bahandinvokedAllah’sblessingsandthanks.Believinghisgrandsonwouldgrowuptobehighlypraised,AbdulMuttalibnamedhimMuhammad,whichmeans ‘hewho ispraised’. InkeepingwithArabtradition,hethenshavedthebaby’sheadandafterwardsinvitedhisfellowMakkanstoafeast.

§ AccordingtothereportofAbul-Fida,whenthepeopleaskedAbdulMuttalibastowhyhecalledhisgrandsonMuhammad,preferringittothenamesofhisforefathers,hereplied, “ItisbecauseIhavealongingthatmygrandsonshouldbepraisedandcommendedbyoneandallintheworld.”

§ TheProphetMuhammad(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wasfirstnursedbyhismother,andthenbyUmmAyman,hisfather’sslave.AnAbyssinian(Ethiopian)whoserealnamewasBarakah,sheembracedIslamandmigratedtoMadinah,whereshediedsixmonthsaftertheProphet’s(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)death.Barakah( اھنعهللايضر )thushadthedistinctionofbeingthepersonwhoknewtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)forthelongestperiodoftime.

§ Thuwaybah,theslaveofProphet’s(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)uncleAbuLahab,alsonursedtheinfant.Atthattime,Thuwaybahwasalso nursing her own child, Masrooh, as well as Hamzah bin Abdul Muttalib and Abu Salamah bin AbdulMakhzoomi. Hence, these men became foster brothers because they were nursed at the same breast.ThuwaybahsuckledtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)forsevendaysandontheeighthdayhewasentrustedtoHaleemahoftheBanuSa’dclantobringhimupinthedesert.

§ ItIsreportedthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said. “IamaresultofthesupplicationofmyfatherIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )and theglad-tidingsbrought by Isa ( مالسلاھیلع ). Andmymother –when sheboreme –saw that a lightshoneoutfromher,whichlitupthepalacesinSyria.” [al-Haakim]

This library, in She’eb BanuHashim in Makkah is sited onthe approximate place wherethe Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) was born onMonday12Rabi’al-Awwal(April22, 571 CE), in the Year of theElephant. His ancestry can betraced back to the ProphetIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع ).

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JannatulMu’alla

Thefollowingpersonalitiesareburiedinthisgraveyard:

§ UmmulMu’mineenKhadija( اھنعهللايضر ),thefirstwifeoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)

§ Qasim,theeldestsonoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)fromhiswifeKhadija( اھنعهللايضر );hediedininfancy.

§ Abdullah,thesecondsonoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)fromhiswifeKhadija( اھنعهللايضر );hewasalsoknownasTahirandTayyab.

§ AbuTalib–theuncleoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)

§ AbdulMuttalib–thegrandfatheroftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)

Pleasenotethatonnoaccountshouldanybodypraytowardsagraveorseeksupplicationthroughthemasthisistantamounttocommittingshirk,associatingpartnerswithAllah(هلالج لج).

ThetombofKhadija( اھنعهللايضر )inJannatulMu’allabeforeitwaslevelled:

The picture above showsJannatul Mu’alla, the principlehistorical graveyard in Makkahwhich is located in avalley eastof the Masjid al-Haram. Severalmembers of the Prophet’s (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)family andmanySahabah ( يضر

مھنعهللا )areburiedhere.

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Jabalal-Hira

§ ThemountainisalsoknownasJabalNoor(theMountainofLight).§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)firstbegantohaverevelationsintheformofgooddreamswhichcametrue.Thenhebegan

tolikesolitude.HewouldgotothecaveofHiraandmeditatethereinsolitudeforanumberofdaysandnights.Hewouldtakeprovisionswithhimtostayforanextendedperiod,andwhenhereturnedtoKhadija( اھنعهللايضر ),hewouldstockupagainandgobacktothecave.ThiswashispracticeuntiltruthwasrevealedtohimbyanangelwhilehewasinthecaveofHira.

§ DuringTahajjudtimeonenight,whenhewasaloneinthecave,therecametohimanangel intheformofaman.Theangelsaidtohim, “Recite!”. “Icannotread”,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)replied.Theangeltookholdofhimasecond time andpressed himuntil he could not endure it any longer. After letting him go, the angel againsaid, “Recite!”.AgaintheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)replied, “Icannotread”.Theangelfurtherembracedhimagainuntilhehadreachedthelimitofenduranceandsaid “Recite!”forthethirdtimetheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said, “Icannotread”.Theangelreleasedhimandsaid:“ReadinthenameofyourLord,theCreator.HeWhocreatedmanfromaclot. Read! And your Lord is the Most Bounteous. Who taught by the Pen, taught manwhat he knewnot.” [96:1-5]

§ Thiswas the first day of hisProphethood and thesewere the first verses of theQuran revealed to him.Herecitedthesewordsaftertheangel,whothereuponlefthim;andhesaid; “Itwasasthoughthewordswerewrittenonmyheart.”Hewasveryalarmedbytheexperienceandfearedthathehadbecomepossessed.

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) fledfromthecave,andwhenhewashalfwaydowntheslopeofthemountainheheardavoiceabovehimsaying: “OMuhammad,thouarttheMessengerofGod,andIamJibraeel(Gabriel)”.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)stoodgazingattheangel;thenheturnedawayfromhim,butwhicheverwayhelookedtheangelwas always there on the horizon,whether itwas to the north, east, south orwest.Finally theangel turnedaway.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wasterrifiedandhisheartwaspoundinghard.HereturnedhometoKhadija( هللايضراھنع )andsaid,“Coverme!”. Khadija( اھنعهللايضر )coveredhimandhelpedhimcalmdown.

§ TheQurantellsusthatthefirstrevelationdescendedinRamadanonthe‘NightofPower’:“ThemonthofRamadanisthemonthinwhichtheQuranwasrevealed.”[2:185]“WehaveindeedrevealedthismessageduringtheNightofPower.”[97:1]

Jabal al-Hira (the mountain ofHira), liesabout twomiles fromthe Ka’bah. Near the top is asmallcave,alittlelessthanfourmeters in length and a littlemorethanoneandahalfmetersin width. It was from here thatthe Prophet Muhammad (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)received the first revelations ofthe Holy Quran during themonthofRamadhanin610CE.

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Jabalal-Thawr

§ WhentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )arrivedatthecave,AbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )enteredfirsttoclearawayanythingthatmightinjuretheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).Hefoundafewholesandstuffedthemwithpiecesofcloth.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)thenenteredandwenttosleeponAbuBakr’s( ھنعهللايضر )’s lap.Suddenly,somethingstungAbuBakr’s ( ھنعهللايضر ) foot,buthedidnottwitch, fearinghewouldwaketheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).ThepainwassointensethattearsbegantorundownhischeeksandontotheProphet’s(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)’sface.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wokeupandsawthatAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )wasinpain.Heappliedhisspittleontheinjuryandthepaindisappeared.

§ ForthreeconsecutivenightstheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )remainedhiddeninthecave.Duringthisperiod,AbuBakr’s( ھنعهللايضر )son,Abdullah,wouldpasshisnightsnearby.TheyoungmanwouldreturntoMakkahveryearlyinthemorningsothattheQurayshhadnoideathathehadsleptelsewhere.EachdayinMakkahhecollectedinformationabouttheactivitiesoftheQuraysh,andeachnightwentbacktoJablal-ThowrtoinformtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andhisfatherAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر ).

§ Whentheywereinside,Allah(هلالج لج)sentaspidertospinawebfromabushacrosstheentrancetothecave.Allah(هلالج لج) also commanded two doves to fly down between the spider and the tree, make a nest and lay eggs.MeanwhiletheQurayshsearchpartyscouredtheareasouthofMakkahwheretheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )werehiding.Theycameuponthemouthofthecave,andhadtheylookeddownwhilestandingattheedgeofthecave,theywouldhavesurelyfoundthementheywerehunting.

§ WiththeQurayshsoclosetodiscoveringtheirhidingplace,AbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )becameverytenseabouttheProphet’s (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) safetyandsaid,“Ifanyof themshould lookunderhis feet,hewouldseeus.”TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) reassured him, “O Abu Bakr! What do you think of two (persons), the third of whom is Allah?”.[Bukhari]

§ Onseeingthespider’swebanddovenest,theQurayshconcludedthatnoonecouldhaveenteredthecaveandleft.DescribingthisscenetheQuranmentionsinSurahTaubah:“Ifyehelpnot(yourleader),(itisnomatter):forAllahdidindeedhelphim,whentheUnbelieversdrovehimout:hehadnomorethanonecompanion;theytwowereinthecave,andhesaidtohiscompanion,“Havenofear,forAllahiswithus”:thenAllahsentdownHispeaceuponhim,andstrengthenedhimwithforceswhichyesawnot,andhumbledtothedepthsthewordoftheUnbelievers.ButthewordofAllahisexaltedtotheheights:forAllahisExaltedinmight,Wise.“ [9:40]

§ AfterthreedayswhentheylearntthatthesearchbytheQurayshhadpeteredouttheyleftthecaveandheadedtowardsYathrib(Madinah).Asma( اھنعهللايضر ),thedaughterofAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )cametothembringingfoodforthejourney.Whentheywereabouttostartshecouldfindnothingtotieittotheirsaddlesandsosheundidherwaistband,toreitintwo,worehalfandtiedthefoodwiththeotherhalf.ThisreadysolutionwonherpraisefromtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)whoalsonamedher‘Sheofthetwowaistband’.AndafterthattheMuslimsknewherbythatname.

Jabalal-Thawr(MountThawr)isthe mountain that contains thecave inwhich theProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andAbuBakr ( ھنعهللايضر ) soughtrefugeforthreedaysandnightsfrom the Quraysh, as they leftMakkah and emigrated toMadinah.

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Mina

§ MinaisreferencedinSurahBaqarahintheQuran:“AndrememberAllahduring[specific]numbereddays.Thenwhoeverhastens[hisdeparture]intwodays–thereisnosinuponhim;andwhoeverdelays[untilthethird]–thereisnosinuponhim–forhimwhofearsAllah.AndfearAllahandknowthatuntoHimyouwillbegathered.”[2:203]

§ ThewordMinameans ‘toflow’as it isherethatthebloodofsacrificialanimalsflowduringthedayofEidulAdha.DuringtheFarewellPilgrimage(Hajjat-ul-Wada)theMuslimshadbroughtwiththem100camelstobesacrificed.Onthe10thDhulHijjahtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)stonedtheJamaratandwentbacktohiscampinMinawherehesacrificed63ofthecamels.Ali( ھنعهللايضر )slaughteredtheremaining37camelsandtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)instructedthatapartofeachcameliscookedandservedtohimandhisCompanions.

§ Afterthecamelshadbeensacrificed,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)calledforabarbertoshavehishead.AbuBakr( هللايضرھنع )remarkedafterwardsonthecontrastbetweentheKhalidbinWaleedbeforeheembracedIslam(whenhewasabitterenemyoftheMuslims)andtheKhalidwhonowsaid, “OMessengerofAllah,theyforelock!Giveituntononebutme,myfatherandmymotherbethyransom!”. AndwhentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)gaveittohimhepresseditreverentlyagainsthiseyesandlips.ItisreportedthatKhalidbinWaleed( ھنعهللايضر )usedtokeepthishairinhisheadgear.

§ ThereliesacaveinMinaknownasthe‘CaveofMursalaat’asthiswaswheretheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)waswhenSurahMursalaatwasrevealedtohim.However,thiscaveisnolongeraccessible.

MinaduringtheHajjof1889:

Mina, seven kilometres east ofthe Masjid al-Haram is whereHajjpilgrimssleepovernightonthe 8th, 11th, 12th (and someevenonthe13th)ofDhulHijjah.ItcontainstheJamarat,thethreestonepillarswhicharepeltedbypilgrimsaspartoftheritualsofHajj. It covers an area ofapproximately20km².

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Jamarat

§ OneofthepurposesoftheHajjistorecall,whileinMina,howa94yearoldfatherbroughthiseightyearoldsonhereforsacrifice.Ibraheem( مالسلاھیلع )hadfirstlefthiswifeandnewbornson,Ismail( مالسلاھیلع )inthedesertuponAllah’scommand.ThenwhilereturningaftereightyearstothemhesawadreamwhereinamantoldhimthatAllah(هلالج لج)wantedhimtosacrificehisson.HesawthesamedreamforthreeconsecutivenightsandashewasaProphet,hisdreamswereaformofWahy(DivineInstruction).HerealisedthatAllah(هلالج لج)wantedhimtosacrificehissonforwhomhisheartwasoverfilledwithloveandemotions.HewenttohiswifeandaskedhertodressupIsmail( مالسلاھیلع ).Ismail( مالسلاھیلع )wasoverjoyedthathisfatherhadcomeaftersuchalongtimeandwasnow taking himout for awalk.WhenHajra ( مالسلااھیلع ) asked, “Whereare you takinghim?”. He replied, “Tomeetafriend.”

§ TheythenreachedMina.HereIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )askedhissonthatyourfatherhasseensuchadream,whatisyouropinionaboutit?Thereasonforaskingwasnottoaskhisopinionindecidingwhethertogoaheadwiththecommandornot.Itwastoassesswhetherhissonwillallowhimtofollowthecommandfreelyorwillhehavetoforciblycarryoutthisorder.Inotherwords,heaskedthistotesttheintensityofloveforAllahinhisson’sheart.Thesonreplied, “Myfather,obeythecommandgivenbyAllah.Youwill, Insha’Allah,findmesteadfast.Givemyshirttomymotherasitwillbeasourceofcomfortforherandwrapmeinyourownshirt.Putmefacedownsoyoucan’tseemyface,lestyouhesitateincarryingoutmyslaughter.”

§ TheskiesandtheearthwitnessedthatIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )tiedhissonandlaidhimdown.NowthiswasveryunacceptabletoShaitansohefirstwenttoHajra( مالسلااھیلع )andaskedher, “DoyouknowwhereIbraheemhastakenyourson?”.Shereplied,”Tomeetafriend.” Hesaid, “BymeetafriendhemeanttomeetAllah.Heisgoing tosacrificehim!”. Shesaid, “Howcana father sacrificehis son?” Bymistake,Shaitanuttered, “It isAllah’scommand.” OnhearingthisHajra( مالسلااھیلع )replied, “IfthisisAllah’scommand,thenevenahundredIsmailscanbesacrificedinthisway.”

§ ThenhewenttodistractIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع ).WhenheappearedtohimatthefirstJamarat,Jibraeel( مالسلاھیلع )saidto Ibraheem ( مالسلاھیلع ): “Pelthim!” soIbraheem ( مالسلاھیلع )threwsevenstonesathimandhedisappeared fromhim.ThenheappearedtohimatthesecondJamarat.Jibraeel( مالسلاھیلع )saidtohim: “Pelthim!” sohepeltedhimwithsevenstonesandhedisappeared.ThenheappearedtohimatthethirdJamarat. Jibraeel ( مالسلاھیلع )againinstructedhim: “Pelthim!” sohepeltedhimagainwithsevensmallstonesandShaitanwithdrew.Thisactionis imitated by all Hujjaj, symbolising one’s acknowledgement that Shaitan is one’s enemy and ought to berepulsed.

§ Ibraheem( مالسلاھیلع )thenlaidIsmail( مالسلاھیلع )downandputhiskneeonhisnecksothathemaynotmove.Thenhe faced the sky and called toAlmightyAllah that, “OhAllah! If youdidnot like thepresence of love forIsmail in my heart, I seek your forgiveness.” Then he proclaimed Allah’s name and placed the knife onIsmail’s( مالسلاھیلع )throat.Hewouldrubtheknifebutitwouldn’tcut,Allah(هلالج لج)hadtakenthequalityofcuttingawayfromtheknife.

TheJamaratarethreestonepillarswhich are pelted as a compulsoryritual of Hajj in emulation of theProphet Ibraheem ( مالسلاھیلع ). Theyrepresent the three locationswhereIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )peltedtheShaitan (Satan) with stones whenhe tried to dissuade him fromsacrificing his son Ismail ( مالسلاھیلع ).The three pillars are called‘Jamarat-al-Ula’, ‘Jamarat-al-Wusta’and‘Jamarat-al-Aqaba’.

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§ Allah withpleasedwas(هلالج لج) thesincerityof Ibraheem ( مالسلاھیلع ) andsentawhite,big-eyedramwithhorns inreplacementofIsmail( مالسلاھیلع )whichIbraheem( مالسلاھیلع )sacrificedinstead.ThisisthebasisfortheofferingofsacrificeanimalsbytheHujjajandbyallotherMuslimsatthetimeofEid-ul-Adha.

§ NotethattheviewsoftheJewsandChristiansgreatlydifferfromMuslimswithregardstowhothesacrificialsonwasandwherethisincidenttookplace.InordertoenhancetheirprestigeandhonourtheyhaveattributedthesacrificialsontoIshaq( مالسلاھیلع )whoistheforefatheroftheJewsandChristiansratherthanIsmail( مالسلاھیلع )whoistheforefatheroftheMuslims.TheyhavealsoplacedthesettingtobeinJerusalemratherthanMina.Itisclear,bylookingatBiblicalscripturalevidencethatthesacrificialsoncouldonlyhavebeenIsmail( مالسلاھیلع ).Forexample,inGenesis22:2Abrahamiscommandedtotakehisonlysonforsacrifice.AsIsmail( مالسلاھیلع )was13yearsolderthanIshaq( مالسلاھیلع )andbothwerealiveatthetimeoftheirfather’sdeath,logicallyIshaq( مالسلاھیلع )couldneverbehisonlyson.

PilgrimsstoningoneoftheJamaratduringtheHajjof1953:

PilgrimsstoningoneoftheJamaratduringmoderntimes:

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Masjidal-Khayf

§ Masjidal-Khayf isamasjidwhosevirtuesareproveninsomeHadith.AccordingtoatraceableHadithofIbnAbbas( ھنعهللايضر ),theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“SeventyProphetsprayedinMasjidal-Khayf.” [Majma‘uz-Zawahid]

§ YazeedbinAswad ( ھنعهللايضر ) says thatwhenheperformedHajjwith theProphet ,(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) itwasat theMasjidKhayfthatheperformedtheFajrsalahwiththeProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).

§ Abdur-Rahman binMu’adh ( ھنعهللايضر ) reports thatwhen the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) delivered a sermon inMina, heinstructedtheMuhajireentosetupcampinfrontoftheMasjidal-KhayfandtheAnsartosetupcampbehindit.TherestoftheMuslimsweretocampbehindthem.[AbuDawood]

§ AbdullahbinAbbas( ھنعهللايضر )narratesthatitwasinMasjidal-KhayfthattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)addressedthem.After praising Allah he said:“Allah will set right the affairs of the person whose prime concern is theAakhirah (Hereafter), Allahwill also granthim self-sufficiencyand theworldwill humble itself beforehim.Asforthepersonwhoseprimeconcernisthisworld,Allahwillscatterhisaffairs,placepovertyinfrontofhimandallhewillgetofthisworldwillbewhathasbeenpredestinedforhim.“ [Tabraani]

Masjidal-Khayfin1908:

Thismasjidislocatedatthefootof a mountain in the south ofMina, close to the smallestJamarat. Itwas at this spot thattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andnumerousother Prophets before himperformedsalah.

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MasjidBiah/Uqbah

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wouldmakecontactwithvariousArabtribesthatcameintoMakkahfortheirfestivals,tradefairsorpilgrimagesandpreachthetruthofIslamtothem.HewouldtaketheopportunitytocallthemtowardsworshippingonlyAllah and(هلالج لج) tobelieving inhisProphethood.HisunclesAbuJahalandAbuLahabwouldoftenfollowhim,dissuadingpeoplefromlisteningtohismessage.Toavoidthem,hewouldcomeoutinthedarknessofnighttocontactthecaravansstayingatadistanceofseveralmilesfromtheKa’bah.

§ Onenight,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)heardsomepeopletalkingatAqabah.HecamecloseandsawthattheyweresixinnumberwhohadcomefromYathrib(latertobeknownasMadinah)toperformpilgrimageattheKa’bah.TheProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) preached Islam to them and recited some verses of the Quran. They listened in awe andembracedIslamonthespot.TheywereneighboursoftheJewsinYathribandhadheardthemmentionofthecomingofagreatProphet in thenear futureandabouthisdominanceoverallothers.ThesixnewMuslimspromisedthattheywouldinvitetheirpeopletoIslamuponreturningtoYathribandthattheywouldmeettheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)againduringthenextpilgrimage.

§ Thenextyear,fiveofthesixreturnedtomeettheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)againatAqabahandtheybroughtwiththemanothersevenconverts.ThesepersonspledgedtheirallegiancetoIslamatthehandoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andthisbecameknownasthe ‘FirstpledgeofAqabah’.TheypledgedthattheywouldnotassociatepartnerswithAllah,committheft,fornicate,killtheirchildren,defameothers,nordisobeytheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)deputedMus’abbinUmair( ھنعهللايضر )togowiththemtoteachIslamandpreachtoothers.HeremainedbusyallthetimeinteachingtheQuranandotherIslamicpracticestothepeople.DuringthisperiodmanypeoplefromYathribembracedIslam.

§ ThefollowingyearMus’abbinUmair( ھنعهللايضر )setoutfromYathribforMakkahwithacaravanof72menandtwowomenwhichcomprisedofMuslimsandpagans.TheMuslimswantedtomeettheProphet toand(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)invitehimtocometoYathrib.Theyhadbeendismayedattheharassment,abuseandfearthatovershadowedtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andtheotherMuslimsandhadresolvedtoofferthemtheir loyalprotectioniftheymovedthere.AsecretmeetingwiththeProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wasarrangedonelatenightatAqabah.

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)metthemaccompaniedbyhisuncleAbbaswhoatthatpointwasnotaMuslim.Hetalkedtothegroup,recitedtheQuran,prayedtoAllahandencouragedpeopletoembraceIslam.Thenhesaid, “Iaskforyour allegiance on the basis that you protectme as youwould protect yourwives and children.”Theypledged theirallegiance tohimand thisbecameknownas the ‘SecondpledgeofAqabah’.Theyaskedhim topromisethathewouldnotleavethemandreturntohispeople.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)gavehispromise, “Iamfromyouandyouarefromme.Iwillfightthoseyoufightandwillbeatpeacewiththosewithwhomyouareatpeace.” Twelvemenwerethenchosentoberesponsiblefortheaffairsofthecommunity,theseincludedSa’dbinUbadah,AbdullahbinRawahahandUbadahbinSamit( مھنعهللايضر ).

This Masjid, close to Mina,commemorates the spot where theAnsar of Madinah pledged theirallegiance to the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) inthe year 621 AH. The groupincluded leaders of the Aws andKhazrajtribesofMadinahandweretwelve innumber.Thesecondsuchpledge (Bay’ah Aqaba Thaaniya)took place the following year, thethirteenth year after the Prophet.Prophethoodhisproclaimed(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)

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§ ShaitanwaswatchingandlisteningfromthetopofAqabah,andwhenhecouldcontainhimselfnolongerhecriedoutintheloudestvoicepossibleandspokethenameMudhammam(Reprobate).TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)knewwhoitwasandansweredhimsaying, “OenemyofAllah.Iwillgivetheenorespite.”

§ ThemasjidwasbuiltbyAbuJafaral-Mansourin144AH.IthasbeenrenovatedseveraltimeswiththelastonebySultanAbdulMajeedKhanal-Othmaniin1250AH.

MasjidBiahwiththeJamaratareainthebackground:

ThemehrabofMasjidBiah:

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WaadiMuhassar

§ Abraha al-Ashramwas the viceroy ofNegus, the King of Abyssinia. Hewas a Christianwho ruled over theYemen,buildinganimposingcathedralinSan’aofmarbleandgoldplatedwoodandnamingit ‘al-Qulays’.HeintendedtodiverttheArabpilgrimagetoSan’a.AsaChristian,hewasjealousthattheKa’bahshouldbetheplacewherepilgrimsgatheredandhewantedthispositionforhischurch.

§ Inthemeantime,amanfromtheBanuKinanatribeenteredthechurchanddefecatedinit.ThisthrewAbrahaintoatoweringrageandhemadethefatalerrorofdecidingtomarchwithhisarmytotheKa’bahinordertodemolishit.

§ HesetoutforMakkahwithastrongforcethatincludedelephants.WhenthearmyreachedWaadiMuhassar,thelargestoftheelephants,whosenamewasMehmud,satdownandrefusedtomovefurther.ThemoreitwaspulledtowardstheKa’bah,themoreitmovedbackwards.Strangelyenough,whenitwasturnedinanyotherdirection(awayfromtheKa’bah),itraninthatdirection.ItwaswhiletheywereherethatAllah(هلالج لج)sentlittlebirdswithpebblesintheirbeaks.Astheyflewoverthearmy,thebirdsreleasedtheirstones,whichdevastatedthearmy,causingalltheystrucktofalldowndead.SomeofthemcollapsedjustwitnessingthesightandtheythenmadeoffbacktoSan’a.Abraha’sfatewasmuchworse.AsheproceededbacktoSan’a,hisfleshstartedwastingawayandrotting.BythetimehereachedSan’a,hisfingershadalreadyfallenoffandhisbodywasnomore thana skeleton. Itwas there thathishearteventually collapsedandhedied.This incident tookplaceshortlybeforetheblessedbirthoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).

§ Referring to thisepisode,Allah (هلالج لج) says inSurahFeel:“HaveyounotseenhowyourRabbdealtwith thepeopleoftheelephants?DidHenotlaytheirplanstowasteandsendagainstthemflightsofthebirdswhopeltedthemwithclaypebbles,makingthemlook(destroyed)likeeatenfodder?” [105:1-5]

§ Afterthismiraculousincident,thefameoftheKa’bahspreadfarandwide,andArabscamefromallpartsofthepeninsulatovisittheSacredHouse.Itwastheyear571CE;itwasofsuchimportancetotheArabsthattheycalledit‘TheYearoftheElephant’.

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wasborn52-55daysafterthisevent.

Waadi Muhassar is a placebetweenMinaandMuzdalifah;itis here thatAllah (هلالج لج) destroyedAbraha and his army ofelephants. This incident inmentioned in Surah Feel. It issunnah for Hujjaj (pilgrims) towalkbrisklypastthisareaastheProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) did as it was aplace of punishment from Allah.(هلالج لج)

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Muzdalifah

§ MuzdalifahstretchesfromtheValleyofMuhassartothemountainsofMa’zamayn.Itisfourkilometreslongandcoversanareaof12.25squarekilometres.Muzdalifahisalsocalled‘Jam’asitisaplacewherepeoplegather.

§ Referring toMuzalifah, Allah mentions(هلالج لج) in Surah Baqarah in the Quran: “When you leave Arafat, thenrememberAllahattheMash’arulHaram.”(‘TheSacredMonument’,referringtoMuzdalifahaccordingtoAbdullahbinUmar( ھنعهللايضر ))[2:198]

§ DuringthefarewellHajj,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)performedtheMaghribandIshasalahstogetheratMuzdalifah.HestayedatthespotwherethepresentMasjidMash’arulHaramcurrentlyis(towardstheQiblaside).Fromthere,the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) said: “Although I am staying here, youmay stay anywhere throughout Muzdalifah.”[Muslim]

§ DuringHajj, it iswaajib toperformMaghriband Isha together inMuzdalifahat Isha time.Wuqoof (stay)ofMuzdalifahisalsowaajibandit’stimebeginsfromsub’hsaadiqandendsatsunrise.Ifonespentevenalittleportionof their time inMuzdalifah,he/shewillbeabsolvedof thisobligation.However, it isbest to remainuntiljustbeforesunrise.

§ Although pebbles for pelting the Jamarat may be collected from anywhere, they are best collected fromMuzdalifah.

PilgrimscollectingstonesontheplainofMuzdalifah:

This is a view of the plain ofMuzdalifah,whereHajj pilgrimsarrive after sunset from Arafaton the 9th Dhul Hijjah (seconddayofHajj).

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Arafat

§ ThecommonmeaningofthewordArafatis‘toknow’.AfterbeingtakenoutofJannahandplacedonEarth,itwasherethatAdamandHawa(uponthembepeace)metup.

§ Standing onArafat is an essential part of theHajj;whoevermisses the standing onArafat hasmissedHajj,becausetheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“HajjisArafat.” [al-Hakim]

§ The day of Arafat has many virtues, aswas narrated in many Ahadith. Aisha ( اھنعهللايضر ) narrated that theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“ThereisnodayinwhichAllahsetsfreemoresoulsfromthefireofhellthanonthedayofArafat.AndonthatdayAllahdrawsneartotheearthandbywayofexhibitingHisPrideremarkstotheangels,‘Whatisthedesireofthese(servantsofmine)?’” [Muslim]

§ InanotherHadiththeProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:“ApartfromthedayoftheBattleofBadrthereisnodayonwhichtheShaitanisseentobemorehumiliated,morerejected,moredepressedandmoreinfuriated,thanonthedayofArafat,andindeedallthisisonlybecauseofbeholdingtheabundanceofdescendingmercy(ontheday)andAllah’sforgivenessofthegreatsinsoftheservants.“ [Mishkat]

§ AmanfromamongtheJewscametoUmar( ھنعهللايضر )andsaid:“OAmirul-Muminin,thereisaverseinyourBookwhich,ifithadbeenrevealedtousJews,wewouldhavetakenthatdayasafestival.” Umar( ھنعهللايضر )asked, “Whichverse?” towhichtheJewreplied,“Thisday,Ihaveperfectedyourreligionforyou,completedMyFavouruponyou,andhavechosenforyouIslamasyourreligion.” [5:3].Umar( ھنعهللايضر )said:“WeknowthedayandtheplaceinwhichthatwasrevealedtotheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص); itwaswhenhewasstandingonArafat,onaFriday.”

§ ThereonceexistedamasjidontherightslopeofJabal-ur-RehmahcalledMasidSakhrah.ItsignifiedthespotwheretheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص),afterleadingtheZuhrandAsrsalahsfacedtowardstheQiblaandengagedindu’atillsunset.ItwasatthisspotwheretheaboveverseoftheQuranwasrevealed.NotethatitisstatedinaHadiththatnofurtherverseswererevealedafterthisonewithregardstohalalandharam.

§ OneofthevirtuesofthedayofArafatisthatfastingthisdayexpiatesforthesinsofthepastandcomingyear.ItwasreportedfromAbuQatadahthatamansaid:“OMessengerofAllah,whatdoyouthinkoffastingonthedayofArafat?” He(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said: “Itexpiatesforthesinsofthepreviousyearandofthecomingyear” [Muslim]

§ Thisfastingismustahab(desirable)forthosewhoarenotonHajj.InthecaseoftheonewhoisonHajj,itisnotSunnahforhim/hertofastontheDayofArafat,becausetheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)didnotfastonthisdaywhenhewasinArafat.

This is Jabal-ur-Rehmah (theMountainofMercy)ontheplainof Arafat. Standing at Arafat isthefundamentalrequirementofHajj and pilgrims come here onthe9thDhulHijjah (seconddayofHajj).

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MasjidNimrah/WaadiUrana

§ Afterpraising,andthankingAllahtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said:

“O People, lendme an attentive ear, for I knownotwhether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again.

ThereforelistentowhatIamsayingtoyouverycarefullyandtakethesewordstothosewhocouldnotbepresent

today.OPeople,justasyouregardthismonth,thisday,thiscityasSacred,soregardthelifeandpropertyofevery

Muslimasasacredtrust.Returnthegoodsentrustedtoyoutotheirrightfulowners.Hurtnoonesothatnoone

mayhurtyou.RememberthatyouwillindeedmeetyourLord,andthatHewillindeedreckonyourdeeds.Allahhas

forbiddenyoutotakeusury(interest),thereforeall interestobligationsshallhenceforthbewaived.Yourcapital,

however, isyourstokeep.Youwillneither inflictnorsufferanyinequity.Allahhas judgedthatthereshallbeno

interestandthatalltheinterestduetoAbbasibn‘AbdulMuttalib(Prophet’suncle)shallhenceforthbewaived…BewareofShaitan,forthesafetyofyourreligion.Hehaslostallhopethathewilleverbeabletoleadyouastrayin

bigthings,sobewareoffollowinghiminsmallthings.OPeople, it is truethatyouhavecertain rightswith regard toyourwomen,buttheyalsohave rightsoveryou.

RememberthatyouhavetakenthemasyourwivesonlyunderAllah’strustandwithHispermission.Iftheyabide

byyourrightthentothembelongstherighttobefedandclothedinkindness.Dotreatyourwomenwellandbe

kindtothemfortheyareyourpartnersandcommittedhelpers.Anditisyourrightthattheydonotmakefriends

withanyoneofwhomyoudonotapprove,aswellasnevertobeunchaste.O People, listen tome in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during themonth of

Ramadan,andgiveyourwealthinZakat.PerformHajjifyoucanaffordto.AllmankindisfromAdamandEve,anArabhasnosuperiorityoveranon-Arabnoranon-Arabhasanysuperiority

overanArab;alsoawhitehasnosuperiorityoverblacknorablackhasanysuperiorityoverwhiteexceptbypiety

and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one

brotherhood.NothingshallbelegitimatetoaMuslimwhichbelongstoafellowMuslimunlessitwasgivenfreely

andwillingly.Donot,therefore,doinjusticetoyourselves.Remember,onedayyouwillappearbeforeAllahandansweryourdeeds.Sobeware,donotstrayfromthepathof

righteousnessafterIamgone.OPeople,noprophetorapostlewillcomeaftermeandnonewfaithwillbeborn.Reasonwell,therefore,OPeople,

andunderstandwordswhichIconveytoyou.Ileavebehindmetwothings,theQuranandmyexample,theSunnah

andifyoufollowtheseyouwillnevergoastray.All thosewho listen tome shall pass onmywords to others and those to others again; andmay the last ones

understandmywordsbetterthanthosewholistentomedirectly.Bemywitness,OAllah,thatIhaveconveyedyour

messagetoyourpeople”.

This is Masjid Nimrah which islocatedontheplainofArafat.Whenthe Prophet was(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) at Arafat onhisfarewellHajjontheninthdayofDhul Hijjah 10 AH (632 CE) hecamped here. After midday hedelivered his famous sermon(reproduced below) at WaadiUrana nearby while seated on hiscamel,afterwhichheledthesalah.There were more than 100,000Sahabahwho accompanied him onthisHajj.

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§ ShortlyaftertheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)hadfinishedaddressingthepeople,hereceivedarevelationfromAllah:“TodayIhaveperfectedyourreligionforyouandcompletedMyfavouruponyou,andIhavechosenIslamasyourreligion.” [5:3]

§ In the second century of Islam,MasjidNimrahwas built at the spotwhere the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) delivered thesermonandledthesalah.BecauseWaadiUrana,wherethesermonwasdeliveredisoutsidetheboundariesofArafat, that section of themasjid is naturally also outside the boundaries. When the masjidwas extendedafterwards,itthenbecamedividedintotwosections;thefrontsectionwhichwasthelocationoftheoriginalmasjidbeingoutsideArafatand thebacksectionbeingwithin theboundaries.After renovations, signboardswereerectedinsidethemasjidtoinformpeopleaboutthismattersothatafterperformingtheirZuhrandAsrsalahsincongregation,theycouldeithermovetothebackofthemasjidoroutsidetospendtherestoftheirtimeinArafat.Shouldapersonspendallhistimefrommiddaytosunsetinthefrontsectionofthemasjid,hisstayatArafatwillbeinvalidandhisHajjwillthereforebeincomplete.

MehrabofMasjidal-Khayf:

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HouseofAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )

§ WhenthedecisiontoassassinatetheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)hadbeenmadebytheQuraysh,Jibraeel( مالسلاھیلع )wassentdowntotheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)torevealtohimtheplotandtogivehimhisLord’spermissiontoleaveMakkah.

§ Havingbeengiventhecommandformigration,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)calledatthehouseofAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )atnoonwhentheburningsunhadforcedthepeopleindoors.Sinceitwasanunusualtimetovisit,AbuBakr( يضرھنعهللا )speculatedthatmigrationmusthavebeenordered.Firstofallhe(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)inquirediftherewasanystrange

personinthehouse.WhenhewasinformedthattherewasnooneinthehouseexceptAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )andhis daughters, Asma and Aisha ( مھنعهللايضر ) he disclosed that migration to Madinah had indeed beenordered. “Whowillaccompanyyouonthejourney?” AbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )asked.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said, “Youwillaccompanyme.” Havingheardthis,tearsofjoytrickleddownfromtheeyesofAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )andhesaid, “OProphet of Allah! I havealreadybought two she-camels for this purposeandhavemade themstrongandstout,andIofferyouone.” TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said,“Iwillpurchaseit.” ThushepaidforitandAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )hadtoacceptit.Andfromthatmoment,preparationsformigrationstarted.Asma( هللايضراھنع )madethemprovisionsofparchedbarleyandsomeotherfood,Aisha( اھنعهللايضر )wasatthattimestillofa

verytenderage.AftertellingAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )oftheplan,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)wentbacktohishome.

§ Thatnight,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)slippedpasttheassassinssurroundinghishouseandmadehiswaytothehouseofAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر ).ThetwoofthemleftMakkahhastilybeforethebeginningofFajrsalah.Abdullah,thesonofAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )alsoaccompaniedthemastheyfirstjourneyedtoJabalal-Thowr.

§ WhentheQurayshdisbelieversrealizedtheyhadbeendeceivedandtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)hadescaped,theycalledat the house ofAbuBakr ( ھنعهللايضر ) and knocked at the door. Asma ( اھنعهللايضر ) cameout. Abu Jahal angrilyasked, “Ogirl!Whereisyourfather?”Sheflatlyreplied, “Iknownothingabouthim.” HearingthisAbuJahalslappedhersoviolentlythatherearringsfelldownontheground.

§ WhenAbuBakr( ھنعهللايضر )emigratedtoMadinahinthecompanyoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص),hetookwithhimallhismoney,thinkingthattheProphetmightneedit.Itwasapproximately6,000dirhams.Afterthedeparture,hisfatherAbuQahafah(whowasblindandwhohadnottillthenacceptedIslam)cametoexpresshissympathytohisgranddaughters.

§ Asma ( اھنعهللايضر ) says: “Our grandfather came to us and said, ‘Your father has shocked you with hismigrationtoMadinah,andseemstohaveputyoutofurtherhardshipbytakingallhismoneywithhim.’Isaid, ‘No grandfather, do not worry. He has left a lot of money for us.’ I collected some pebbles anddepositedthemintherecesswheremyfatherusedtokeephismoneyandcovereditwithacloth.Ithentookmygrandfathertotheplaceandplacedhishandoverthecloth.Hethoughtthattherecesswasreallyfullofdirhams.Heremarked:‘Itisgoodthathehasleftsomethingforyoutoliveon.’ByAllah,myfatherhadnotleftasingledirhamforus,Iplayedthistricksimplytopacifymygrandfather.” Thiswasthespiritofself-sacrificeimbuedintheMuslimsofthattime.

This is the approximate placewhere the house of Abu Bakr( ھنعهللايضر )waslocatedinMakkahand from where Hijrah toMadinahcommenced.ItisintheMakkah Towers Hotel block,where a masjid (Masjid AbuBakr) has been built on the 4thfloor.

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MasjidAisha

§ Jaabir ( ھنعهللايضر ) reports that becauseAisha ( اھنعهللايضر )wasexperiencingmenstrual cycle theProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)instructedhertoperformallthevariousritesofHajjexceptforthetawaf.Shethenperformedthetawafafterhercyclehadended.Shethensaid, “ORasulullah(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)!WhileyouhaveperformedHajjandUmrah,IhaveperformedonlyHajj.” TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)theninstructedherbrotherAbdur-Rahman( ھنعهللايضر )totakehertoTan’eemanditwasfromtherethatsheperformedherUmrahafterherHajjduringthemonthofDhulHijjah.

InteriorofMasjidAisha:

Masjid Aisha, also known asMasjid at-Tan’eem marks theplace where Ummul-Mu’mineenAisha ( اھنعهللايضر ) went to enterinto Ihram for Umrahwhen theProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) told her to do soduring the farewell Hajj. Themasjid lies 7.5 km south fromMakkahontheroadtoMadinahand is the closest of all theboundarypoints.

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Masjidal-Jinn

§ AbdullahbinMas’ood( ھنعهللايضر )narrates,“WhileinMakkah,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)oncesaidtotheSahabah( يضر

مھنعهللا )‘WhoeverwishestoseewhattheJinnareallaboutshouldcomealong’.”Besidesmyselfno-oneelsecame.Whenwereached theplace in theMa’ladistrictofMakkah theProphet hisused(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) foot todrawacircleontheground.Hetheninstructedmetositinsidethecircle.Afterproceedingalittlefurther,theProphet.theregatheredtheyastroopsinarrivetostartedJinnthathappenedthenItQur’an.therecitingstarted(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)Somanycame that I could not even see the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) nor hear him. TheProphet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) then continuedtalkingwithagroupofthemuntilFajr.

§ IthasalsobeennarratedbyAbdullahbinMas’ood( ھنعهللايضر )thattheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said,“Acallerfromamongthejinncametome,andIwentwithhimandrecitedQurantothem.”HefurthernarratesthattheProphetprovisionforhimaskedhadTheyfires.theiroftracestheandfootstepstheirthemshowedandthemtook(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andhehadprayedtoAllah(هلالج لج)andtoldthem,“YouwillhaveeveryboneoverwhichthenameofAllahhasbeenmentioned;whenitfallsintoyourhandsitwillhaveplentyofmeatonit.Andalldroppingsarefoodforyouranimals.”ThentheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)said,“Donotusethem(bonesanddung)tocleanyourselvesafterrelievingyourselves,fortheyarethefoodofyourbrothers.”[SaheehMuslim]

TheinteriorofMasjidJinn:

Masjid Jinn, also known asMasjid Haras, is built on theplace where the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)drew a line for the sahabiAbdullahbinMas’ood( ھنعهللايضر )whohadaccompaniedhimafterhe had been commanded torecitetheQur’antotheJinn.

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ValleyofAbuTalib

§ When Islambegan tospread theMakkansaskedAbuTalib, theuncleandprotectorof theProphet ,(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) tohandhimovertothemforexecutionbuthesteadfastlyrefused.

§ TheQurayshheldameetinganddecided tooutcast theBanuHashimandBanual-Muttalibbyplacing themunderatotalsocialboycott.TheotherclansfromtheQurayshwouldnotmarrytheirdaughters,dobusinessorkeepcompanywiththemuntiltheyhandedovertheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).OncethishadbeenagreedbytheQurayshchiefsandsigned,theparchmentwashungintheKa’bahinordertogiveitauthority.Thiswasdoneonthe1stMuharram,intheseventhyearoftheProphet’s(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)mission.

§ TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص),alongwithAbuTalibandclanmembersofBanuHashimandBanual-MuttalibwereforcedtowithdrawfromMakkahandliveinShe’ebAbiTalib,avalleyinMakkah.

§ Theboycottwasdevastatingandforaroundthreeyearstheylivedinmisery.Itwassorigorouslyappliedandfoodwassoscarcethatoftentheywouldresorttoeatingtheleavesoftrees.Thechildrenandsucklingbabieswouldcrywithhungerwhichcouldbeheardalloverthevalley.TheQurayshtoldthemerchantsnottosellanygoods to them. Priceswere increased to prevent them from buying even essentials. Apart from some kindQurayshipeoplewhosecretlysentfoodtothemtheyweretotallyabandoned.Despitesuchgrimcircumstances,theProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)neverceasedinvitingnon-MuslimstoIslam.

§ Agroupof fair-mindedQuraysh, ledbyHisham ibn ‘Amr,hated thisunfairboycott.HishamcontactedsomemenoftheQurayshwhomheknewtobekind-heartedandtoldthemitwasshamefultoallowsuchtyrannytocontinue.Whenhehadpersuadedfivementoagree,theymettogethertoendthecontract.WhentheQurayshwereassembledthenextday,ZuhayribnAbiUmayyah,whosemotherwastheauntoftheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص),facedthepeopleanddemanded, “PeopleofMakkah!DoweeatandclotheourselveswhiletheBanuHashimareperishing,unabletobuyorsell?ByAllah,Iwillnotsitdownuntilthisunjustdocumentistornup!”.

§ AbuJahalbecamesuspiciousofthesuddenrebellionbutAbuTalibsawhisopportunitytostepin.HetoldtheQuraysh that theProphet areceivedhad(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) revelation fromAllah that termiteshadeaten theparchmentinside theKa’bah. The only thing that remained of thedocument, AbuTalib said,were thewords “InYourName,OAllah.”AbuTalib thenchallenged theQuraysh, saying that if theProphet’s claim turnedout tobefalse,hewouldnolongerstandbetweenthemandtheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص).However,iftheProphethadspokenthetruth,theQurayshshouldendtheboycott.TheQurayshacceptedAbuTalib’schallenge.

§ WhenMut’imbinAdiyrosetoretrievetheparchment,theassemblysawthatithadbeeneatenbywhiteants.Itsonlyremainingwordswere“BismikaAllahumma”(InYourName,OAllah)andAllah’sname.Allah(هلالج لج)hadgiven theQurayshyetanothersignbutonceagain theyrefused toadmit theirerrorandaccept Islam.Theironlyconcessionwastoendtheboycott.TheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)andhisCompanionscameoutofthemountainpassandwereallowedtoliveinMakkahonceagain.

This is the valley of Abu Talib(She’eb Abi Talib), where themembers of Banu Hashim andBanu Al-Muttalib (Muslims andnon-Muslims) were forced towithdrawfromMakkahandlivehere in a painful boycott forthreeyears.

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References

• Fazail-e-Amal-SheikhMuhammadZakariyyaKandhalvi• Fazail-e-Hajj(VirtuesofHajj)–SheikhZakariyyaKandhalvi• GuidetovisitingMakkaandMadina–Sh.AbdulAzizAhmed• HayatusSahabah–MoulanaYusufKhandalvi• HolyMakkah–ShaikhSafiur-RahmanMubarakpuri• Kabahinfo.com• LocalMakkanguides• Muhammad–MartinLings• MuhammedthelastProphet–MoulanaSayyedAbulHasanAliNadwi• Muslimaccess.com• SymbolsofIslam–TanjaAl-Hariri-Wendel• TheHistoryofIslam–AkbarShahNajeebabadi• TheHistoryofMakkahMukarramah–Dr.MuhammadIlyasAbdulGhani • TheIntellect–Volume2,Issue3• ThelifeofMuhammad–TahiaAl-Ismail• WhentheMoonSplit–ShaykhSafiurRahmanMubarakpuri• Wikipedia

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LearnmoreTherearemanymoreplacesinMakkahtoseeandlearnabout.Alhamdulillah,we’vestarteddocumentingthemonourwebsitewhereyoucanalsodiscover:

§ WhereJibraeel( مالسلاھیلع )taughttheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)howtopray

§ TheareawhereSummayyah( اھنعهللايضر ),thefirstmartyrinIslamisburied

§ WheretheProphet(ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)plantedhisflagwhenheconqueredMakkah

www.islamiclandmarks.com

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Makkah ziyarah guide 2018...Page 5 of 45 Makkah ziyarah guide| 2018 The Prophet (ﷺ), sitting on his camel in the Al-Hazwarah market, addressed Makkah saying, “By Allah, you are