ManagementChapter 01 Management & Managerial Science

Every manager must learn——

Introduction ： discuss phenomena

At the beginning of reformation and open ，some bosses in the private enterprise who didn’t get the systemic managerial education earned a lot of money. But some persons among those became insolvent later. Some university students just graduated from the business administration failed at the beginning of doing business.But they succeeded later. With the development of the market economy, more and more enterprisers save time to go to the university to study MBA.

Questions ：1.Is it necessary to study management for doing business ？2.Where can we get the knowledge of management from the practice or books ？3.Is management a art or a science ？

Chapter 01 Management & Managerial

Science一、 Is management a art or a science ？1 、 meaning of nature of science & art

Nature of Science:Objective （客观的） nature ； disciplinarian（规律） nature;truth nature

Nature of Art:experience;skill;know-how （诀窍）

Differiences ：Emphasize:Theory

Emphasize:Practiceexperience

ArtScience

FlexibilityChange

Logic provedisciplinarianPrinciple( 原则 )

2 、 Management unifies the nature of science & art. （ 1 ） How to understand the nature of science of management? Management activities have definite disciplinarian.To master these rules and scientific methods may conduct the managerial practice,decrease mistakes.

（ 2 ） How to understand the nature of art of management? Management finally need depend on practice. The nature of art—experiences and skills are very important. We must apply managerial theories and methods in the practice of management.

（ 3 ） How to understand the unification of nature of science & art of management? Science and art are the unification in the management.The managerial theory may conduct the managerial practice,decrease mistakes.The nature of art in the practice also enrich and complement the ingredient of science of management. The more you know the nature of science of management, the more you have nature of art.

Thinking about ：

1 、 What significance to make clear management is the unification of nature of science & art ？ 2 、 Will management become a pure science excluding art?

二、 What is management?（一） Definition(In our book) Management is a course of activity that the manager corresponds the activities of organization members and manages effectively all resources to realize the organization objective through the functions of plan, organization, leader and control.

3 、 Focuses （ 1 ） Management is a course of practical activity purposed ； （ 2 ） corresponds the activities of organization members （ 3 ） The purpose is to realize the organization objective

3 、 Focuses （ 4 ） The managed object includes all resources of people,wealth and substance.But the centre is people. （ 5 ） The functions are planning, organizing, leading and controlling.The essence is to correspond.

三、 What is a management science ？ （一） Research object( 对象 ) of management science. The management science is a science of common disciplinarian to research all sorts of managerial activities. Two meanings ： 1 ， The management science is a science ； 2 ， The research of management science is common disciplinarian of all sorts of managerial activities.

（二） classification of Management ScienceEnterprise;Administration;Hospital;Science & research;School;Military

Human resources;Production & operation;Technology;Quality;Financial;Logistics( 物流 )

（三） Characteristics of Management Science1.Comprehensive nature

Thinking about：What kinds of knowledge(subjects) does management include?

What kinds of knowledge(subjects) does management include?

Economics; mathematics; ethnics( 伦理学 ); behavior; technology; psychics; systematics; computer; operational research （运筹学）； cybernetics( 控制论 ); informatics.

2 、 nature of no accuracyThe theory,principle and method are impossible to get a results under the same condition.The main body ,object and environment are impossible same.The factors to

influence managerial effect are complex and changeable.

3 、 Applied natureManagement comes from practice and applies to practice.

Thinking about：Which

questions should be noticed when Management applies to practice ？

3 、 Applied natureWhich questions should be noticed when Management applies to practice？The theory of management can guild the practice.The methods and technology can be used to the practice and must joint with the practice.

Don’t copy.

Simple Definition(foreign book)

▪“ Someone who uses resources in an efficient( 有效率的 ) and effective （有效能的） way so that the end product is worth more than the initial input

▸Capital, labour, land ▸Markets, Money, Men&Women,

Making goods & services▪Emphasises Transformation role

Inputsvalue x Transformation

Outputsvalue x + y

Definitions Focussing on People

▪ “ Getting things done by other people”

Mary Parker Follett

▪ “Someone who gets things done with the aid of other people”

Rosemary Stewart

Full Definition of Management

▪ “ The process of getting other people to transform resources so that the results add value to the organisation in terms of reaching its goals”

▪ Some indices （指数） of management success

▸ Percentage return on capital▸ Value added per employee –Not necessarily in Financial terms

（二） Elements of management

main body

goals

objects

External environment

organization

means

process（ function ）Internal environment

Main body

Manager is a person who seeks a value, take certain responsibility, has certain right and correspond activities in a certain organization.

Means( 手段 )

Hard means: organization (complexity and the large of modern production); managerial tool(all equipment or tool );managerial technology(usage of modern technology).Soft means: system(structure system );method(mean to realize the goal); information(managerial process and function can’t leave it).

Objects

Person;property;substance;time;information

process(function)

Plan; organization;Lead; control

Goals

Managerial goal is make full use of the resources. Less input gets much more output.

Environment

Internal: status of resources, culture and atmosphere 氛围External:politics;economy;

society;technology;natural environment.

Thinking about ：Why to include the following contents according to the structure picture. Organization; communication; Persons’ train; culture; financial managementStimulate to adjust the marketing strategy;

Answer:Organization:basic mean; complexity and thelarge of modern production,manager can’tmanage all kinds of activities;Communication: lead function; Persons’ train:the object of management; toexploit human resource helps the management;

Culture:internal culture(environment); financial management:important content ofmanagement; cost and benefit; the lest inputs get the most outputs.

Stimulate to adjust the marketing strategy:plan function.

四、 4 functions of managementThe functions are :

Planning

Organization

Leading

control.

2 、 Content:planningorganization lead control

AimStrategyProject( 方案 )Policy（方针）

Institution（机构）human affair（人事）authority 权责

Command 指挥Instruct 指导Communicationstimulation

ExaminationSupervise& urge 督促Correct errors 纠偏

五、 Manager

Senior manager

Middle-level manager

Grass roots manager

（一） manager’s levels:

operator

Composition of Skills differs by Management Level - Katz

First Line Middle Senior

Technical

Interpersonal

Strategic & Political

（三） Managers’ skills1 、 Technical ——Operation knowledge, ability to master and apply technology

2 、 Interpersonal

Ability of communicationAbility to deal with interpersonal relationship Ability to stimulate underlings.

Confirm develop goalStrategic & PoliticalEstablish planOrganize transform

3 、 concept skills——Ability to abstractly think and whole hold to the cases

六、 Natures of management natural attribute （ general ） Management （ with productivity ） Twoness social attribute （ special ） （ with production relationship ）

Natural attribute ： The management has relationship with the productivity.It belongs to the category of organize the productivity in reason. It embody the general requirement of labor process.

Social attribute ： The management has relationship with the production relationship.It maintenances all production relationship and realize the function of a certain social goal . It is impacted by political system and culture background

七、Manager’s Roles

▪Interpersonal Roles▸Figurehead( 挂名首脑 )▸Leader （领导者）▸Liaison （联络者）

▪Information Roles▸Monitor （监听者）▸Disseminator （传播者）▸Spokesperson （发言人）

▪Decision Roles▸Entrepreneur▸Resource allocator （资源分配者）▸Negotiator▸Disturbance-handler( 故障排除者 )

（二） Manager’s Roles 管理者的角色 案例 ： 王总的一天8 ： 30 应邀出席市物流中心大楼落成的庆典活动 (Figurehead)9 ： 30 接受电视台记者的采访，介绍公司的新业务 (Spokesperson)10 ： 00 审批财务部门提交的下季度财务预算报告 .(Resource allocator)

10 ： 30 突然接到生产部来电，有一名工人发生了工伤事故，王总赶快前往处理，指示有关人员护送受伤职工到医院抢救。 (Disturbance-handler)11 ： 00 与一重要客户洽谈一项业务，并与客人共 进 午 餐 。 (Negotiator)14 ： 00 召开董事会议，讨论是否上马一个新项目的问题。 ( Leader)

Psychometric （心理测量的） Characteristics of managers

▪Intelligence (Average IQ = 100)▸1st Line 108▸Middle manager118▸Senior Manager124+

▪Personality▸ Moderate extroverts （性格外向者）

(some specialists can have low extroversion)▸Emotionally stable▸Conscientious （尽责的）Moderately tough minded▸Open-mindedness depends on

situation

Thank you ！