Sample assessment 2020

Question and response book

Marine Science Paper 1

Time allowed • Planning time — 10 minutes

• Working time — 90 minutes

General instructions • Answer all questions in this question and

response book.

• QCAA-approved calculator permitted.

• Planning paper will not be marked.

Section 1 (25 marks) • 25 multiple choice questions

Section 2 (25 marks) • 10 short response questions

— Public use —

1 of 13

Section 1

Instructions • Choose the best answer for Questions 1–25.

• This section has 25 questions and is worth 25 marks.

• Use a 2B pencil to fill in the A, B, C or D answer bubble completely.

• If you change your mind or make a mistake, use an eraser to remove your response and fill in the new answer bubble completely.

A B C D Example:

A B C D 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

— Public use —

2 of 13

Section 2

Instructions • Write using black or blue pen.

• Respond in paragraphs consisting of full sentences.

• If you need more space for a response, use the additional pages at the back of this book.

­ On the additional pages, write the question number you are responding to.

­ Cancel any incorrect response by ruling a single diagonal line through your work.

­ Write the page number of your alternative/additional response, i.e. See page …

­ If you do not do this, your original response will be marked.

• This section has 10 questions and is worth 25 marks. QUESTION 26 (2 marks) Identify one factor that can affect the reliability of fishery population data and a limitation of this factor.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

3 of 13

QUESTION 27 (2 marks) The figure below shows global weather patterns.

Identify the factors between the atmosphere and the oceans that are driving the weather pattern shown above.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

4 of 13

QUESTION 28 (3 marks) Assess the data below, which was collected using a line intercept transect.

Coral genus Count

Acropora sp. 40

Porites sp. 47

Pocillopra sp. 36

Favites sp. 30

Leptastrea sp. 23

Goniopora sp. 2

a) Determine the diversity of the reef system studied using Simpson’s Diversity Index. Show your working. 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 1 − �∑𝑛𝑛(𝑛𝑛−1)

𝑁𝑁(𝑁𝑁−1) � [2 marks]

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

b) Draw a conclusion about the diversity of this reef ecosystem. [1 mark]

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

5 of 13

QUESTION 29 (2 marks) The graph below shows Acropora species rank abundance data.

Analyse the given information to identify the relationships shown in terms of species richness and evenness.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 30 (2 marks) Seasonal freshwater flows from a river may cause regional changes in coral reef species.

Describe how a specific pressure will affect coral species diversity from inshore to offshore.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

6 of 13

QUESTION 31 (2 marks) The figure below outlines factors influencing a marine ecosystem.

Identify, from the given information, two features of ecological tipping points that could be applied to coral reefs.

1. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

7 of 13

QUESTION 32 (3 marks) The black marlin sport fishing industry requires fishers to tag every marlin captured. Interpret the recorded number of black marlin tagged and recaptured by sport fishers from 1968 to 1978.

Year Number tagged

1968 26

1969 51

1970 110

1971 184

1972 288

1973 438

1974 337

1975 411

1976 501

1977 170

1978 60

Total tagged 2 576

Total recaptured 59 Identify three features of this dataset that would affect its reliability if it was used to set a sport fishing quota to manage the present Australian marlin fishery.

1. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

3. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

8 of 13

QUESTION 33 (3 marks) The figure below outlines effects of an increase in atmospheric CO2 and temperature over time in the world’s oceans.

Referring to the figure, explain how the change in pCO2 affects the primary productivity of marine biota.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

9 of 13

QUESTION 34 (3 marks) A laboratory investigation was conducted into the effect of altering ocean pH on marine carbonate structures.

Infer which species’ marine carbonate structural development would be most affected by a reduction in ocean pH. Give reasons for your response.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

10 of 13

QUESTION 35 (3 marks) The figure below shows sampling of coral cores at two sites on a reef. There is a wastewater facility on the mainland near these sampling sites. This has a seep site that produces nutrient-rich water that has low salinity and low pH.

Compare the coral core data from site A with site B, considering the location of the seep site.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

END OF PAPER

— Public use —

11 of 13

ADDITIONAL PAGE FOR STUDENT RESPONSES Write the question number you are responding to.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

12 of 13

ADDITIONAL PAGE FOR STUDENT RESPONSES Write the question number you are responding to.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

— Public use —

13 of 13

References

Question 27 Figure derived from National Weather Service n.d., ‘Effects of ENSO in the Pacific’,

www.weather.gov/jetstream/enso_patterns.

Question 31 Image derived from Ocean Tipping Points 2018, ‘Understanding ocean tipping points’,

http://oceantippingpoints.org/portal/what-are-tipping-points. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Question 32 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: National Marine Fisheries Service 1983, ‘Results of a

tagging program to determine migration rates and patterns for black marlin, Makaira indica, in the Southwest Pacific Ocean’, https://spo.nmfs.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/legacy-pdfs/SSRF772.pdf.

Question 33 Figure derived from Häder, DP et al. 2015, ‘Effect of UV radiation on aquatic ecosystems and interactions

with other environmental factors’, Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, vol. 14, pp. 108–126, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4PP90035A.

Question 34 Graph derived from Rodolfo-Metalpa, R et al. 2011, ‘Coral and mollusc resistance to ocean acidification

adversely affected by warming’, Nature Climate Change, vol. 1, pp. 308–312, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1200.

Question 35 Figure derived from Prouty, NG et al. 2017, ‘Vulnerability of coral reefs to bioerosion from land-based

sources of pollution’, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol. 122, issue 12, pp. 9319–9331, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013264.

— Public use —

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

THIS PAGE WILL NOT BE MARKED

— Public use —

— Public use —