M.E (Power Systems Engineering) - kahedu.edu.in · 2 Elgerd, O. I Electrical Energy Systems Theory - An Introduction Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi. 2007 3 Kundur, P Power System Stability

1

M.E (Power Systems Engineering)

CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (CBCS)

Syllabus 2017-2018

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

KARPAGAM ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION (Deemed to be University)

(Established under section 3 of UGC Act, 1956) Pollachi Main Road, Eachanari (Post), Coimbatore- 641021, Tamil Nadu, India

Phone: 0422 – 2980011 – 15 Fax No: 0422 – 2980022-23

Email: [email protected] Web: www. kahedu.edu.in

Engineering

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.kahedu.edu.in/

2

17MEPS101 APPLIED MATHEMATICS 3 1 0 4 100

OBJECTIVES:

To kindle the analyticity of the engineers.

To develop an appropriate level of mathematical literacy and competency.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

The students will gain the knowledge about vector spaces and linear transformations

The learners can equip themselves in fuzzy logic techniques which are needed for

Engineers in physical scenario.

UNIT – I LINEAR SYSTEMS (14) Vector spaces and subspaces – Linear combination, Span, Linear independence and

dependence – Null space, Column space and Row space – Basis and dimension of a vector

space – Rank and Nullity. Linear transformation : Introduction to linear transformations – General Linear Transformations – Kernel and Range – Change of basis – Eigen values and Eigen vectors – Diagonalisation, Quadratic forms.

UNIT - II LINEAR PROGRAMMING (12)

Basic concepts – Graphical and Simplex methods –Transportation problem –

Assignment problem. UNIT - III GRAPH THEORY (12) Graphs – Path, cycles and trials – Vertex, degree and counting – Connectivity and Paths.

UNIT - IV TREES (10) Basic properties – Spanning trees and Enumeration – Optimization and trees.

UNIT – V FUZZY LOGIC (10) Classical logic – Multivalued logics – Fuzzy propositions – Fuzzy Quantifiers.

Total: 60

TEXT BOOKS:

S.

NO. AUTHOR(S)

NAME TITLE OF THE BOOK PUBLISHER YEAR OF

PUBLICATION 1 Dr. Grewal B.S. Higher Engineering

Mathematics Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.

2013

2 Gupta, P.K.and

Hira, D.S. Problems in Operations

Research S.Chand & Co., New Delhi. 2012

3 Kenneth H Rosen Discrete Mathematics and

its Applications with

Combinations and Graph

theory

Tata McGraw - Hill Pub.

Co. Ltd, New Delhi. 2012

4 George J Klir and

Tina A. Folger Fuzzy sets, Uncertainty

and Information Prentice Hall of India Pvt

Ltd., New Delhi. 2007

3

REFERENCES:

S.

NO. AUTHOR(S)

NAME TITLE OF THE BOOK PUBLISHER YEAR OF

PUBLICATION 1 Howard Anton Elementary Linear

Algebra John Wiley & Sons, New Delhi.

2010

2 David C Lay Linear Algebra and Its Applications

Pearson Education, New Delhi.

2009

3 Douglas. B. West Introduction to Graph theory

Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi.

2007

WEBSITES:

1. www. nptel.ac.in

2. www.mathworld.com

3. www.springer.com

http://www.mathworld.com/

http://www.springer.com/

4

LIST OF PROFESSIONAL CORE

17MEPS_ _ _ SYSTEM THEORY 3 1 0 4 100

OBJECTIVES:

To educate on modeling and representing systems in state variable form.

To educate on solving linear and non-linear state equations.

To illustrate the role of controllability and observability.

To educate on stability analysis of systems using Lyapunovs theory.

To educate on modal concepts and design of state and output feedback controllers

and estimators.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about linear state equations.

To gain the knowledge about controllability and observability.

To gain the knowledge about Lyapunov’s theory

UNIT-I MODERN CONTROL THEORY (12)

Limitations of conventional control theory - Concepts of state, State variables and state

model-State model for linear time invariant systems: State space representation using

physical-Phase and canonical variables.

UNIT-II SYSTEM RESPONSE (12)

Transfer function from state model - Transfer matrix - Decomposition of transfer

functions Direct, cascade and parallel decomposition techniques - Solution of state

equation - State transition matrix computation.

UNIT-III DISCRETE SYSTEM (12)

State space representation of discrete system - Decomposition of Transfer functions -

Solution of discrete time system - state transition matrix - Discretisation of continuous

time state equations.

UNIT-IV SYSTEM MODELS (12) Characteristic equation - Eigen values and Eigen vectors - Invariance of Eigen values

-Diagonalization - Jordan Canonical form - Concepts of controllability and

observability - Kalman's and Gilbert's tests - Controllable and observable phase variable

forms - Effect of pole-zero cancellation on controllability and observability.

UNIT-V LIAPUNOV STABILITY (12)

Liapunov stability analysis - Stability in the sense of Liapunov - Definiteness of Scalar

Functions - Quadratic forms - Second method of Liapunov - Liapunov stability analysis

of linear time invariant systems. Total: 60

REFERENCES

S. No.

Author(s) Name

Title of the book

Publisher Year of

Publication

1 Katsuhiko Ogata Modern Control Engineering

Prentice Hall of India Private Ltd, New

1998

2 Nagrath, I.J and Gopal M.

Control Systems Engineering

New Age International

Publisher, New Delhi

2005

5

3 Gopal, M. Digital Control and State Variable Methods

Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company

Limited, New Delhi

2003

4 Nise S Norman Control Systems Engineering

John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New Delhi

2000

WEBSITES 1. www.microsemi.com

2. www.ece.ncsu.edu

http://www.microsemi.com/

http://www.ece.ncsu.edu/

6

17MEPS_ _ _ ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS 3 1 0 4 100 OBJECTIVES:

To introduce different techniques of dealing with sparse matrix for large scale

power systems.

To impart in-depth knowledge on different methods of power flow solutions.

To perform optimal power flow solutions in detail.

To perform short circuit fault analysis and understand the consequence of different

type of faults.

To Illustrate different numeric al integration methods and factors influencing

transient stability.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about power flow solutions.

To gain the knowledge about. short circuit fault analysis and understand the

consequence of different type of faults.

UNIT – I SOLUTION TECHNIQUES (12)

Sparse Matrix techniques for large scale power systems: Optimal ordering schemes for

preserving sparsity. Flexible packed storage scheme for storing matrix as compact arrays

– Factorization by Bifactorization and Gauss elimination methods; Repeat solution using

Left and Right factors and L and U matrices.

UNIT – II POWER FLOW ANALYSIS (12)

Power flow equation in real and polar forms; Review of Newton’s method for solution;

Adjustment of P-V buses; Review of Fast Decoupled Power Flow method; Sensitivity factors for P-V bus adjustment.

UNIT – III OPTIMAL POWER FLOW (12) Problem statement; Solution of Optimal Power Flow (OPF) – The gradient method,

Newton’s method, Linear Sensitivity Analysis; LP methods – With real power variables

only – LP method with AC power flow variables and detailed cost functions; Security constrained Optimal Power Flow; Interior point algorithm; Bus Incremental costs.

UNIT – IV SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS (12) Formation of bus impedance matrix with mutual coupling (single phase basis and three

phase basis) - Computer method for fault analysis using ZBUS and sequence components.

Derivation of equations for bus voltages, fault current and line currents, both in sequence

and phase – symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults.

UNIT - V TRANSIENT STABILITY ANALYSIS (12)

Introduction, Numerical Integration Methods: Euler and Fourth Order Runge-Kutta

methods, Algorithm for simulation of SMIB and multi-machine system with classical

synchronous machine model; Factors influencing transient stability, Numerical stability

and implicit Integration methods.

Total: 60

7

REFERENCES

S.No Author(s) Name Title of the Book Publisher Year of

Publication

1 A.J.Wood and

B.F.Wollenberg

Power Generation

Operation and Control

John Wiley and

sons New York

2003

2 Elgerd, O. I Electrical Energy Systems Theory - An Introduction

Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

2007

3 Kundur, P Power System Stability and Control


2010

4 Carson W Taylor Power System Voltage Stability


1994

5 K.Zollenkopf and J.K.Rerd,

Bi-Factorization: Basic

Computational Algorithm

and Programming

Techniques and

Large Sparse Set of

Linear Systems.

Academic Press

1971

6

M. A. Pai

Computer Techniques in

Power System Analysis

Tata McGraw-

Hill Publishing

Company

Limited,

New Delhi

2006

7

D.P. Kothari and

I.J. Nagrath

Modern Power System

Analysis

Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Company

Limited, New

Delhi

2003

WEBSITES 1. www.nptel.com 2. www.mindtools.com

3. www.waset.org

http://www.nptel.com/

http://www.mindtools.com/

http://www.waset.org/

8

17MEPS_ _ _ POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL 3 1 0 4 100 OBJECTIVES:

To understand the fundamentals of speed governing system and the concept of

control areas.

To provide knowledge about Hydrothermal scheduling, Unit commitment and

solution techniques.

To understand the role of energy control center, SCADA and EMS functions.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about control areas

To gain the knowledge about energy control center, SCADA and EMS functions.

UNIT- I INTRODUCTION (12)

System load variation: System load characteristics, load curves - daily, weekly and

annual, load-duration curve, load factor, diversity factor. Reserve requirements: Installed

reserves, spinning reserves, cold reserves, hot reserves. Overview of system operation:

Load forecasting, techniques of forecasting, basics of power system operation and

control.

UNIT- II REAL POWER - FREQUENCY CONTROL (12)

Fundamentals of speed governing mechanism and modeling: Speed-load characteristics –

Load sharing between two synchronous machines in parallel; concept of control area,

LFC control of a single-area system: Static and dynamic analysis of uncontrolled and

controlled cases, Economic Dispatch Control. Multi-area systems: Two- area system

modeling; static analysis, uncontrolled case; tie line with frequency bias control of two-

area system derivation, state variable model - Two area system- AGC system design -

Kalman’s method.

UNIT -III HYDROTHERMAL SCHEDULING PROBLEM (12)

Hydrothermal scheduling problem: short term and long term-mathematical model,

algorithm. Dynamic programming solution methodology for Hydro-thermal scheduling

with pumped hydro plant: Optimization with pumped hydro plant-Scheduling of systems

with pumped hydro plant during off-peak seasons: algorithm. Selection of initial feasible

trajectory for pumped hydro plant- Pumped hydro plant as spinning reserve unit-

generation of outage induced constraint-Pumped hydro plant as Load management plant.

UNIT- IV UNIT COMMITMENT AND ECONOMIC DISPATCH (12)

Statement of Unit Commitment (UC) problem; constraints in UC: spinning reserve,

thermal unit constraints, hydro constraints, fuel constraints and other constraints; UC

solution methods: Priority-list methods, forward dynamic programming approach,

numerical problems. Incremental cost curve, co-ordination equations without loss and

with loss, solution by direct method and λ-iteration method. Base point and participation

factors.-Economic dispatch controller added to LFC control.

UNIT -V COMPUTER CONTROL OF POWER SYSTEMS (12)

Energy control centre: Functions – Monitoring, data acquisition and control. System

hardware configuration – SCADA and EMS functions: Network topology determination,

state estimation, security analysis and control. Various operating states: Normal, alert,

emergency, in-extremis and restorative-State transition diagram showing various state

transitions and control strategies.

Total: 60

9

REFERENCES

S.No Author(s) Name Title of the Book Publisher Year of

Publication

1 A.J.Wood and B.F.Wollenberg

Power Generation Operation and

Control

John Wiley and sons New York

2003

2 Krichmayer. L. K. Economic Operation of Power Systems

John Wiley and sons Inc., New York

1958

3 Krichmayer, L. K. Economic Control of Interconnected

Systems

John Wiley and sons Inc., New York

1959

4 Elgerd, O. I Electrical Energy Systems Theory - An

Introduction


2007

5 Kundur, P Power System Stability and Control


2010

6 D.P. Kothari and I.J. Nagrath

Modern Power System Analysis

Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Company Limited,

New Delhi

2003

WEBSITES 1. www.usbr.gov/power 2. www.idcon.com

http://www.usbr.gov/power

http://www.idcon.com/

10

17MEPS_ _ _ ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To introduce different techniques of dealing with sparse matrix for large scale

power systems.

To impart in-depth knowledge on different methods of power flow solutions.

To perform optimal power flow solutions in detail.

To perform short circuit fault analysis and understand the consequence of different

type of faults.

To Illustrate different numeric al integration methods and factors influencing transient stability

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge over current protection.

To gain the knowledge about equipment protection.

To gain the knowledge about distance and carrier protection of transmission lines.

To gain the knowledge about numerical protection.

UNIT - I OVER CURRENT PROTECTION (9)

Zones of protection - Primary and Backup protection - operating principles and Relay

Construction - Time - Current characteristics-Current setting - Time setting-Over current

protective schemes - Reverse power or directional relay - Protection of parallel feeders -

Protection of ring feeders - Earth fault and phase fault protection - Combined Earth fault

and phase fault protection scheme - Phase fault protective scheme directional earth fault

relay - Static over current relays; numerical example for a radial feeder.

UNIT - II EQUIPMENT PROTECTION (9)

Types of transformers – Phasor diagram for a three – Phase transformer-Equivalent

circuit of transformer – Types of faults in transformers- Over – current protection

Percentage Differential Protection of Transformers - Inrush phenomenon-High resistance

Ground Faults in Transformers - Inter-turn faults in transformers - Incipient faults in

transformers - Phenomenon of over-fluxing in transformers - Transformer protection

application chart .Generator protection: Electrical circuit of the generator –Various faults

and abnormal operating conditions-stator faults-rotor faults –Abnormal operating

conditions; numerical examples for typical transformer and generator protection schemes.

UNIT- III DISTANCE AND CARRIER PROTECTION OF TRANSMISSION

LINES (9)

Drawback of over – Current protection – Introduction to distance relay – Simple

impedance relay – Reactance relay – mho relays comparison of distance relay – Distance

protection of a three – Phase line-reasons for inaccuracy of distance relay reach - Three

stepped distance protection - Trip contact configuration for the three - Stepped distance

protection - Three-stepped protection of three-phase line against all ten shunt faults -

Impedance seen from relay side - Three-stepped protection of double end fed lines-need

for carrier – Aided protection – Various options for a carrier –Coupling and trapping the

carrier into the desired line section - Unit type carrier aided directional comparison

relaying – Carrier aided distance schemes for acceleration of zone ΙΙ.; numerical example

for a typical distance protection scheme for a transmission line.

UNIT - IV BUSBAR PROTECTION (9)

Introduction – Differential protection of busbars-external and internal fault - Actual

behaviors of a protective CT - Circuit model of a saturated CT - External fault with one

CT saturation: Need for high impedance – Minimum internal fault that can be detected by

11

the high – Stability ratio of high impedance busbar differential scheme - Supervisory

relay-protection of three – Phase busbars-Numerical examples on design of high

impedance busbar differential scheme.

UNIT - V NUMERICAL PROTECTION (9)

Introduction–Block diagram of numerical relay - Sampling theorem- Correlation with a

reference wave–Least error squared (LES) technique-Digital filtering-numerical over -

Current protection–Numerical transformer differential protection-Numerical distance

protection of transmission line Total: 45

REFERENCES

S. No. Author(s) Name Title of the book Publisher Year of

Publication

1 Kundur, P Power system stability and control

Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi

2010

2 Jones, D Analysis and protection of

electrical power

systems

Pitman

Publishing,

London

1971

3 Ray rolls protection Power system reference manual

Orient press 1982

4 Stanley, H., Horowitz Protective relaying for power system

IEEE press 1980

5 Arun G Phadke, James. S. Thorp

Computer relaying for Power system

John Wiley and Sons, New York

1988

6 T.S.M. Rao

Digital Relay /

Numerical relays

Tata McGraw

Hill, New Delhi

1989

7 Y.G. Paithankar and

S.R Bhide

Fundamentals of

Power System

Protection

Prentice-Hall of

India

2003

WEBSITES 1. www.tecquipment.com

2. www.gedigitalenergy.com

http://www.tecquipment.com/

http://www.gedigitalenergy.com/

12

17MEPS_ _ _ HIGH VOLTAGE AND INSULATION ENGINEERING

3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To expose the students to various types of over voltage transients in power system

and its effect on power system.

To understand the various types of over voltages in power system and protection

methods.

To study the Generation and Measurement of over voltages.

Nature of Breakdown mechanism in solid, liquid and gaseous dielectrics –

discussion on commercial insulants.

Testing of power apparatus and insulation coordination.

INTENDED OUTCOME :

To gain the knowledge about Generation of HVDC, HVAC and impulse voltages.

To gain the knowledge about partial discharges.

To gain the knowledge about gas insulation.

UNIT-I FAILURE MECHANISM (9)

Failure mechanism of solid, liquid, gases and composite dielectrics, Treeing and tracking

phenomena. Generation of HVDC, HVAC and impulse voltages. Design considerations.

UNIT-II TESTING OF HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT (9)

Testing of High Voltage equipment: Transformers, Cables, bushings, insulators, lightning

arrestors and circuit breakers. Insulation coordination: classical and statistical methods,

insulation design for practical cases.

UNIT-III PARTIAL DISCHARGES (9)

Partial Discharges: mechanisms, equivalent circuits, measurements in practical systems

such as transformers, cables and capacitors. Ageing theory: Ageing and mechanism of

ageing under electrical, thermal and combined stresses. Accelerated ageing tests. Ageing

data analysis.

UNIT-IV POLLUTION (9)

Pollution: causes, effects, mathematical modeling, and performance evaluation of

insulators, bushing and surge diverters. Measurement and Instrumentation: measurement

of AC, DC and impulse voltages, classical methods, sources of EMI, grounding and

shielding, application of fiber optics methods, optical sources and detectors.

UNIT-V GAS INSULATION (9) Modern gas insulation methods, SF6 and gas mixtures, vacuum application of barriers.

GIS. GITL.

Total: 45

REFERENCES


Publication

1. Naidu, M.S., and Kamaraju, V

High Voltage Engineering


2004

2. Arora, R., Mosch, W

High Voltage Insulation Engineering

New Age International

1979

13

Publisher.

3. Rakosh das Begamudre

Extra High Voltage AC Transmission

Engineering

Willey Eastern Ltd, New Delhi

1990

WEBSITES 1. www.energy.siemens.com 2. www.britishgas.co.uk

http://www.energy.siemens.com/

http://www.britishgas.co.uk/

14

17MEPS_ _ _ RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To expose the students to various types of scales – measurement and sampling

methods.

To understand the various types of nonparametric tests.

To study the concerning variance.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about hypotheses tests.

To gain the knowledge about research analysis and report writing.

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (9)

Research methodology – definition, mathematical tools for analysis, Types of

research,exploratory research, conclusiveresearch, modeling research, algorithmic

research, Research process- steps. Data collection methods - Primary data – observation

method, personal interview, telephonic interview, mail survey, questionnaire design.

Secondary data- internal sources of data, external sources of data.

UNIT-II SCALES – MEASUREMENT AND SAMPLING METHODS (9)

Scales – measurement, Types of scale – Thurstone’s Case V scale model, Osgood’s

Semantic Differential scale, Likert scale, Q- sort scale. Sampling methods- Probability

sampling methods – simple random sampling with replacement, simple random sampling

without replacement, stratified sampling, cluster sampling. Non-probability sampling

method – convenience sampling, judgment sampling, quota sampling.

UNIT-III HYPOTHESES TESTS (9)

Hypotheses testing – Testing of hypotheses concerning means (one mean and difference

between two means -one tailed and two tailed tests), Concerning variance – one tailed

Chi-square test.

UNIT-IV NONPARAMETRIC TESTS (9)

Nonparametric tests- One sample tests – one sample sign test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test,

run test for randomness, Two sample tests – Two sample sign test, Mann-Whitney U test,

K-sample test - Kruskal Wallis test (H-Test).

UNIT-V RESEARCH ANALYSIS AND REPORT WRITING (9)

Introduction to Disciminant analysis, Factor analysis, cluster analysis, multidimensional

scaling, conjoint analysis.Report writing- Types of report, guidelines to review report,

typing instructions, oral presentation.

REFERENCES

Total: 45


Publication

1. Kothari, C.R., Research Methodology – Methods and techniques

New Age Publications

Second Edition, 2009

2. Panneerselvam, R.,

Research Methodology Prentice-Hall of India

New Delhi, 2004

WEBSITES

1. www. Research Methodology.com

15

17MEPS_ _ _ POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS 3 1 0 4 100 OBJECTIVES:

To impart knowledge on dynamic modeling of a synchronous machine in detail

To describe the modeling of excitation and speed governing system in detail.

To understand the fundamental concepts of stability of dynamic systems and its

classification.

To understand and enhance small signal stability problem of power systems.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about synchronous machine modelling.

To gain the knowledge about small-signal stability analysis without controllers.

To gain the knowledge about enhancement of small signal stability.

UNIT- I SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE MODELLING (9)

Schematic Diagram, Physical Description: armature and field structure, machines with

multiple pole pairs, mmf waveforms, direct and quadrature axes, Mathematical

Description of a Synchronous Machine: Basic equations of a synchronous machine: stator

circuit equations, stator self, stator mutual and stator to rotor mutual inductances, dq0

Transformation: flux linkage and voltage equations for stator and rotor in dq0

coordinates, electrical power and torque, physical interpretation of dq0 transformation,

Per Unit Representations: Lad-reciprocal per unit system and that from power-invariant

form of Park’s transformation; Equivalent Circuits for direct and quadrature axes,

Steady-state Analysis: Voltage, current and flux-linkage relationships, Phasor

representation, Rotor angle, Steady-state equivalent circuit, Computation of steady-state

values, Equations of Motion: Swing Equation, calculation of inertia constant,

Representation in system studies, Synchronous Machine Representation in Stability

Studies: Simplifications for large-scale studies : Neglect of stator terms and speed pψ

terms and speed variations, Simplified model with amortisseurs neglected: two-axis

model with amortisseur windings neglected, classical model.

UNIT- II MODELLING OF EXCITATION AND SPEED GOVERNING

SYSTEMS (9)

Excitation System Requirements; Elements of an Excitation System; Types of Excitation

System; Control and protective functions; IEEE (1992) block diagram for simulation of

excitation systems. Turbine and Governing System Modeling: Functional Block Diagram

of Power Generation and Control, Schematic of a hydroelectric plant, classical transfer

function of a hydraulic turbine (no derivation), special characteristic of hydraulic turbine,

electrical analogue of hydraulic turbine, Governor for Hydraulic Turbine: Requirement

for a transient droop, Block diagram of governor with transient droop compensation,

Steam turbine modeling: Single reheat tandem compounded type only and IEEE block

diagram for dynamic simulation; generic speed-governing system model for normal

speed/load control function.

UNIT- III SMALL-SIGNAL STABILITY ANALYSIS WITHOUT

CONTROLLERS (9)

Classification of Stability, Basic Concepts and Definitions: Rotor angle stability, The Stability Phenomena. Fundamental Concepts of Stability of Dynamic Systems: State-

space representation, stability of dynamic system, Linearization, Eigen properties of the

state matrix: Eigen values and eigenvectors, modal matrices, Eigen value and stability,

mode shape and participation factor. Single-Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) Configuration:

16

Classical Machine Model stability analysis with numerical example, Effects of Field

Circuit Dynamics: synchronous machine, network and linearised system equations, block

diagram representation with K-constants; expression for K-constants (no derivation),

effect of field flux variation on system stability: analysis with numerical example.

UNIT- IV SMALL-SIGNAL STABILITY ANALYSIS WITH CONTROLLERS

(9)

Effects Of Excitation System: Equations with definitions of appropriate K-constants and simple thyristor excitation system and AVR, block diagram with the excitation system,

analysis of effect of AVR on synchronizing and damping components using a numerical

example, Power System Stabilizer: Block diagram with AVR and PSS, Illustration of

principle of PSS application with numerical example, Block diagram of PSS with

description, system state matrix including PSS, analysis of stability with numerical a

example. Multi-Machine Configuration: Equations in a common reference frame,

equations in individual machine rotor coordinates, illustration of formation of system

state matrix for a two-machine system with classical models for synchronous machines,

illustration of stability analysis using a numerical example. Principle behind small-signal

stability improvement methods: delta-omega and delta P-omega stabilizers.

UNIT -V ENHANCEMENT OF SMALL SIGNAL STABILITY (9)

Power System Stabilizer – Stabilizer based on shaft speed signal (delta omega) – Delta –

P-Omega stabilizer-Frequency-based stabilizers – Digital Stabilizer – Excitation control

design – Exciter gain – Phase lead compensation – Stabilizing signal washout stabilizer

gain – Stabilizer limits

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S.

No.

Author(s)

Name

Title of the book Publisher Year of

Publication

1. Kundur, P Power system stability and control


2010

2. Anderson, P. M., and Fouad,

A. A

Power system control and stability

Galgotia Publications, New

Delhi

1981

3. Taylor, C.W Power systems voltage stability

McGraw Hill, New York

1993

4. Kimbark, E.W Power system stability John Wiley and Sons, New York

1956

5. P. W. Sauer and M. A. Pai

Power System Dynamics and

Stability

Stipes Publishing Co.

2007

6 R. Ramanujam Power System Dynamics

Analysis and

Simulation

PHI Learning Private Limited,

New Delhi.

2009

WEBSITES 1. www.sari-energy.org 2. www.wecc.biz/committees

http://www.sari-energy.org/

http://www.wecc.biz/committees

17

17MEPS_ _ _ POWER SECTOR ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT AND

RESTRUCTURING 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To Introduce the restructuring of power industry and market models.

To impart knowledge on fundamental concepts of congestion management.

To analyze the concepts of location marginal pricing and financial transmission

rights.

To Illustrate about various power sectors in India

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about different tariff principles.

To gain the knowledge about power sector restructuring and market reform.

To gain the knowledge about transmission planning and pricing.

UNIT I TRANSMISSION PLANNING AND PRICING (9)

Deregulation Of Electric Utilities - Introduction-Unbundling-Wheeling-

Traditional Central utility model-Reform motivations-Separation of Ownership and operation- competition and direct access in the Electricity

market –ISO-components of ISO-types of ISO-role of ISO-Electric utility

market in different countries- types and methods of economic regulation,

regulatory process in India.

UNIT II POWER SYSTEM RESTRUCTURING AND MARKETING (9)

Transmission Expansion In The New Environment - Introduction – role of

transmission planning – vertically integrated utility – three models of

electricity market – Profit transmission planning – pool – bilateral trades –

multilateral trades.

UNIT III ELECTRICITY MARKETS PRICING (9)

Transmission Pricing In Open Access System - Introduction – rolled in pricing methods –

marginal pricing method – embedded cost recovery – pricing models in different countries.

UNIT IV POWER SECTOR MANAGEMENT (9)

Total transfer capability – CBM and TRM – Available transfer capability

(ATC) – methods to compute ATC – concept of congestion management –

inter and inter zone congestion – congestion pricing management –

Transmission congestion contracts – Ancillary services.

UNIT V POWER SECTOR REGULATION (9)

Salient features of Indian Electricity Act 2003 – TSO – Availability based

tariff – Electric supply industry structure under deregulation in India –

regulatory and policy development in Indian power Sector – Opportunities

for IPPs and CPPs under electricity Act 2003.

Total: 45

TEXT BOOKS

S. No. Author(s)

Name

Title of the Book Publisher Year of

Publication

18

1 Wood and Wollenberg

Power system operation

control

second edition,

John Wiley sons

1996

2 Loi Lei Lai Power system Restructuring and Regulation

John Wiley sons 2001

REFERENCES

S.

No.

Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 S K Sarkar, Kaushik Deb.

Regulation in infrastructure Services: Progress and the

way forward

TERI, New Delhi 2001

2 Maharashtra Electricity

Regulatory

Commission

Regulations and Orders Maharashtra Electricity

Regulatory

Commission,

Maharashtra

-

3 Central Electricity

Regulatory

Commission

Regulations and Orders. Electricity Act

Central Electricity Regulatory

Commission, New

Delhi

2003

4 Mohammad Shadepur,

Hatim Yatim,

Zuyi Li

Market Operations in Electric Power Systems

Forecasting, Scheduling

and Risk Management

-

2002

6 Bhanu Bhushan

“ABC of ABT - A primer on Availability Tariff

-

2005

WEBSITES 1. www.esmap.org

2. www.powermin.nic.in

http://www.esmap.org/

http://www.powermin.nic.in/

19

17MEPS_ _ _ FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

OBJECTIVES:

To emphasis the need for FACTS controllers.

3 0 0 3 100

To learn the characteristics, applications and modeling of series and shunt FACTS

controllers. To analyze the interaction of different FACTS controller and perform control

coordination.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about static VAR compensator.

To gain the knowledge about voltage source converter based facts controllers.

To gain the knowledge about controllers and their coordination.

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION (9)

Review of basics of power transmission networks-control of power flow in AC

transmission line- Analysis of uncompensated AC Transmission line- Passive reactive

power compensation: Effect of series and shunt compensation at the mid-point of the line

on power transfer- Need for FACTS controllers- types of FACTS controllers.

UNIT-II STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR (SVC) (9)

Configuration of SVC- voltage regulation by SVC- Modelling of SVC for load flow

analysis- Modelling of SVC for stability studies-Design of SVC to regulate the mid-point

voltage of a SMIB system- Applications: transient stability enhancement and power

oscillation damping of SMIB system with SVC connected at the mid-point of the line.

UNIT-III THYRISTOR AND GTO THYRISTOR CONTROLLED SERIES

CAPACITORS (TCSC and GCSC) (9)

Concepts of Controlled Series Compensation – Operation of TCSC and GCSC- Analysis

of TCSC-GCSC – Modelling of TCSC and GCSC for load flow studies- modeling TCSC

and GCSC for stability studied- Applications of TCSC and GCSC.

UNIT-IV VOLTAGE SOURCE CONVERTER BASED FACTS

CONTROLLERS (9)

Static synchronous compensator(STATCOM)- Static synchronous series

compensator(SSSC)- Operation of STATCOM and SSSC-Power flow control with

STATCOM and SSSC- Modelling of STATCOM and SSSC for power flow and transient

stability studies –operation of Unified and Interline power flow controllers(UPFC and

IPFC)- Modelling of UPFC and IPFC for load flow and transient stability studies-

Applications.

UNIT-V CONTROLLERS AND THEIR COORDINATION (9)

FACTS Controller interactions – SVC–SVC interaction - co-ordination of multiple

controllers using linear control techniques – Quantitative treatment of control

coordination.

Total: 45

REFERENCES


Publication

1 Mohan Mathur.R., Rajiv. K.Varma,

Thyristor-Based Facts Controllers for Electrical

IEEE press and John Wiley &

2005

20

Transmission Systems Sons, Inc., New

York

2 John, A.T., Flexible AC Transmission Systems

IEEE Press 1999

3 Narain G. Hingorani, Laszio. Gyugyi

Understanding FACTS - Concepts and

Technology of Flexible

AC Transmission

Systems

Standards publishers, New

Delhi

2001

4 Narin G.Hingorani, , .

“Flexible AC Transmission "

pp 40-45

IEEE Spectrum April 1993

5 Narin G. Hingorani, , .

High Power Electronics and Flexible AC

Transmission

Systems

IEEE High Power Engineering

Review

1998

WEBSITES 1. electrical-engineering-portal.com

2. www.energy.siemens.com


21

LIST OF LABORATORY

17MEPS211 POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LABORATORY 0 0 3 2 OBJECTIVES:

To have hands on experience on various system studies and different techniques

used for system planning. Software packages.

To perform the dynamic analysis of power system

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Computation of Parameters and Modelling of Transmission Lines.

2. Formation of Y bus and computation of Z bus using Y bus.

3. Power flow analysis by Gauss-Seidel Method.

4. Power flow analysis by Newton-Raphson method and Fast decoupled method.

5. Small signal stability analysis: SMIB and Multi machine configuration.

6. Transient stability analysis of Multi – machine configuration.

7. Analysis of switching surge using EMTP.

8. Economic Dispatch in Power Systems with and without considering transmission

losses.

9. Available Transfer Capability calculation using an existing load flow program. 10. Basic harmonic analysis and filter design using PSCAD.

26

LIST OF

ELECTIVES

17MEPS_E01 NON - LINEAR SYSTEM THEORY 3003 100

OBJECTIVES:

To educate on modeling and representing systems in state variable form.

To educate on solving non-linear state equations.

To illustrate the role of controllability and observability.

To educate on stability analysis of systems using Lyapunovs theory.

To educate on modal concepts and design of state and output feedback

controllers and estimators.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about phase plane analysis.

To gain the knowledge about describing function analysis.

To gain the knowledge about stability analysis.

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION TO NON LINEAR SYSTEMS (9)

Introduction, Characteristics of Non linear systems, Jump resonance, Sub-harmonic

oscillations, Limit cycles, Frequencyentertainment quenching, Non-linearities - inherent

and intentional.

UNIT-1I PHASE PLANE ANALYSIS (9)

Phase plane analysis, Singular points, sketching of phase portraits, Limit cycles, nonlinear

conservative system withnonlinear damping. Effect of non-linearities on the step response of

the position control and relay systems.

UNIT-1II DESCRIBING FUNCTION ANALYSIS (9)

Describing function techniques - Describing functions of nonlinear characteristics,

Expression for the functions, Accuracy of describing function methods, Describing

functions for multiple non linearities, Evaluation of the gain function for analytically and

graphically defined characteristics.

UNIT-1V CONCEPTS OF STABILITY (9)

Experimental determination of gain functions, Condition for stability, stability of

oscillations, Stability of systems with multiple non-linearities, Closed loop frequency

response, Transient response, Dual input describing functions.

UNIT-V STABILITY ANALYSIS (9)

Lyapunov’s and Popov’s stability criteria, Linearisation and stability in the small and

large sense, Second method of Lyapunov, Variable gradient methods, Lure’s problem,

Popov’s stability Theorem.

Total: 45

27

REFERENCES


Publication

1 H.Khalil Non linear Systems Macmillan Pub.

Company New york,

1992

2 I.J.Nagrath and M.Gopal

Control System Engineering

John Wiley Publishing Ltd

1993

3 Ogata Modern Control Engineering

Prentice Hall India 1991

28


Publication

1 Padiyar, K. R HVDC Power Transmission

System

Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi

1990

2 Edward Wilson Kimbark

Direct Current Transmission, Vol. I

Wiley interscience, New York

1971

3 Rakosh Das Begamudre

Extra High Voltage AC Transmission

Engineering

New Age International (P) Ltd.,

New Delhi

1990

4 Arrillaga, J. High Voltage Direct Current

Transmission

Peter Pregrinus, London

1983

17MEPS_E02 HIGH VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT TRANSMISSION


To impart knowledge on operation, modelling and control of HVDC link.

To perform steady state analysis of AC/DC system.

To expose various HVDC simulators.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about dc power transmission technology.

To gain the knowledge about harmonics and filters.

To gain the knowledge about graetz circuit.

UNIT- I DC POWER TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY (9)

Introduction-comparison of AC and DC transmission, Application of DC transmission –

description of DC transmission system, planning for HVDC transmission-modern trends

in DC transmission.

UNIT- II ANALYSIS OF HVDC CONVERTERS (9)

Pulse number, choice of converter configuration-simplified analysis of Graetz circuit-

converter bridge characteristics – characteristics of a twelve pulse converter-detailed

analysis of converters.

UNIT -III CONVERTER AND HVDC SYSTEM CONTROL (9)

General principles of DC link control-converter control characteristics-system control

hierarchy-firing angle control-current and extinction angle control-starting and stopping

of DC link-power control-higher level controllers-telecommunication requirements.

UNIT- IV HARMONICS AND FILTERS (9)

Introduction-generation of harmonics-design of AC filters-DC filters-carrier frequency

and RI noise.

UNIT- V SIMULATION OF HVDC SYSTEMS (9)

Introduction-system simulation: Philosophy and tools-HVDC system simulation-

modeling of HVDC systems for digital dynamic simulation.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

WEBSIT

ES

29

1. www.elect.mrt.ac 2. www.energy.siemens.com

http://www.elect.mrt.ac/


30

17MEPS_E03 POWER QUALITY 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To understand the various power quality issues.

To understand the concept of power and power factor in single phase and three

phase systems supplying non linear loads

To understand the conventional compensation techniques used for power factor

correction and load voltage regulation.

To understand the active compensation techniques used for power factor

correction.

To understand the active compensation techniques used for load voltage

regulation.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about voltage sag, swells and interruptions.

To gain the knowledge about waveform distortion.

UNIT - I INTRODUCTION (9) Importance of power quality, terms and definitions of power quality as per IEEE standard - 1159 such as transients, short and long duration voltage variations, interruptions, short

and long voltage fluctuations, imbalance, flickers and transients. Symptoms of poor

power quality. Definitions and terminology of grounding. Purpose of grounding. Good

grounding practices and problems due to poor grounding.

UNIT- II FLICKERS AND TRANSIENT VOLTAGES (9)

RMS voltage variations in power system and voltage regulation, Various devices used for

voltage regulation and impact of reactive power management. Various causes of voltage

flicker and their effects. Short term and long term flickers. Various means to reduce

flicker. Transient over voltages, sources, impulsive transients, switching transients, Effect

of surge impedance and line termination, control of transient voltages.

UNIT - III VOLTAGE SAG, SWELLS AND INTERRUPTIONS (9)

Definitions of voltage sag and interruptions. Voltage sags versus interruptions. Economic

impact of voltage sag. Major causes and consequences of voltage sags. Voltage sag

characteristics. Voltage sag assessment. Influence of fault location and fault level on

voltage sag. Areas of vulnerability. Assessment of equipment sensitivity to voltage sags.

Voltage sag limits for computer equipment, CBEMA, ITIC, SEMI F 42 curves.

Representation of the results of voltage sag analysis. Voltage sag indices. Mitigation

measures for voltage sags, such as UPS, DVR, SMEs, CVT etc., utility solutions and end

user solutions.

UNIT - IV WAVEFORM DISTORTION (9)

Definition of harmonics, inter-harmonics, sub-harmonics. Causes and effects of

harmonics. Voltage versus Current distortion. Overview of fourier analysis. Harmonic

indices. A.C. quantities under non-sinusoidal conditions. Triplen harmonics,

characteristics and non characteristics harmonics. Harmonics series and parallel

resonances. Consequences of harmonic resonance. Principles for controlling harmonics.

Reducing harmonic currents in loads. K-rated transformer. Harmonic study procedure.

Computer tools for harmonic analysis. Locating sources of harmonics. Harmonic filtering,

passive and active filters. Modifying the system frequency response. IEEE Harmonic

standard 519 - 1992.

31

UNIT- V POWER QUALITY MONITORING (9)

Need for power quality monitoring and approaches followed in power quality

monitoring. Power quality monitoring objectives and requirements. Initial site survey.

Power quality Instrumentation. Selection of power quality monitors, selection of

monitoring location and period. System wide and discrete power quality monitoring.

Setting thresholds on monitors, data collection and analysis. Selection of transducers.

Harmonic monitoring, transient monitoring, event recording and flicker monitoring.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S.

No.

Author(s) Name Title of the book Publisher Year of

Publication

1 M.H.J. Bollen Understanding Power Quality Problems,

Voltage Sag and

Interruptions

IEEE press series on power

engineering,

New York

2000

2 Pogei, C., Dugan,

Mark, F.,

McGranghan, Surya

santoso, H., Wayne

Beaty

Electrical Power System

Quality

McGraw Hill

Publications,

New York

1996

WEBSITES 1. www.microdaq.com

2. www.iitk.ac.in

http://www.microdaq.com/

http://www.iitk.ac.in/

32

17MEPS_E04 POWER ELECTRONICS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

OBJECTIVES:

3 0 0 3 100

To provide knowledge about the stand alone and grid connected renewable energy

systems.

To equip with required skills to derive the criteria for the design of power

converters for renewable energy applications.

To analyse and comprehend the various operating modes of wind electrical

generators and solar energy systems.

To design different power converters namely AC to DC, DC to DC and AC to AC

converters for renewable energy systems.

To develop maximum power point tracking algorithms.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about Solar PV, Fuel cells, wind electrical systems-control

strategy.

To gain the knowledge about power converters.

To gain the knowledge about Grid integrated PMSG and SCIG Based WECS

UNIT I INTRODUCTION (9)

Environmental aspects of electric energy conversion: impacts of renewable energy

generation on environment (cost-GHG Emission) - Qualitative study of different

renewable energy resources ocean, Biomass, Hydrogen energy systems : operating

principles and characteristics of: Solar PV, Fuel cells, wind electrical systems-control

strategy, operating area.

UNIT II ELECTRICAL MACHINES FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY

CONVERSION (9)

Review of reference theory fundamentals-principle of operation and analysis: IG,

PMSG, SCIG and DFIG.

UNIT III POWER CONVERTERS (9)

Solar: Block diagram of solar photo voltaic system : line commutated converters

(inversion- mode) - Boost and buck-boost converters- selection Of inverter, battery

sizing, array sizing. Wind: three phase AC voltage controllers- AC-DC-AC

converters: uncontrolled rectifiers, PWM Inverters, Grid Interactive Inverters-matrix

converters.

UNIT IV ANALYSIS OF WIND AND PV SYSTEMS (9)

Stand alone operation of fixed and variable speed wind energy conversion systems and

solar system-Grid connection Issues -Grid integrated PMSG and SCIG Based WECS-

Grid Integrated solar system.

UNIT V HYBRID RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS (9)

Need for Hybrid Systems- Range and type of Hybrid systems- Case studies of

Wind-PV- Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT).

. Total: 45

S.

No.

Author(S)

Name

Title Of The Book Publisher Year Of

Publication

33

REFERENCES

WEBSITES 1. www.nptel.ac.in

1 S.N.Bhadra, D. Kastha, & S. Banerjee

Wind Electrical Systems Oxford University Press

2009

2 Rashid .M. H Power Electronics Hand Book

Academic Press 2001.

3 Rai. G.D Non Conventional Energy Sources

Khanna Publishes 1993

4 Rai. G.D Solar Energy Utilization Khanna Publishes 1993

5 Gray, L. Johnson

Wind Energy System Prentice Hall Linc

1995.

http://www.nptel.ac.in/

34

17MEPS_E05 THEORY AND DESIGN OF NEURO - FUZZY CONTROLLERS


To provide knowledge about the single layer, multilayer - feed forward, feedback

networks.

To equip with required skills to derive the fuzzification models.

To analyses and comprehend the adaptive fuzzy control.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about neural networks.

To gain the knowledge about Fuzzy sets and representations

To gain the knowledge about Fuzzy Relation and Logic

To gain the knowledge about Fuzzy systems and Application

UNIT-I NEURAL NETWORK (9)

Introduction - biological neurons and their artificial models - learning, adaptation and

neural network's learning rules types of neural networks - single layer, multilayer - feed

forward, feedback networks; back propagation learning and training - Hopfield network.

UNIT-II NEURAL NETWORKS IN CONTROL SYSTEMS (9)

Neural network for non-linear systems - schemes of neuro control - system identification

forward model and inverse model - indirect learning - neural network in control systems

applications - case studies.

UNIT-III FUZZY LOGIC (9)

Fuzzy sets - fuzzy operation - fuzzy arithmetic - fuzzy relations - fuzzy relational

equations - fuzzy measure - fuzzy functions - approximate reasoning - fuzzy propositions

- fuzzy quantifiers - if-then rules.

UNIT-IV FUZZY LOGIC IN CONTROL SYSTEMS (9)

Structure of fuzzy logic controller - fuzzification models - data base - rule base - inference

engine - defuzzification module.

UNIT-V NON-LINEAR FUZZY CONTROL (9) Introduction of Non-linear fuzzy control - PID like FLC - Sliding mode FLC - Sugeno

FLC - adaptive fuzzy control - fuzzy control applications - case studies.

REFERENCES

Total: 45

S. No. Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 Jacek. M. Zurada

Neural Networks and Fuzzy

Systems

Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

1999

2 Kosko, B Neural Networks and Fuzzy

Systems

Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

1994

3 Klir G.J., and Folger T. A.

Fuzzy sets, uncertainty and

Information

Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi

1993

35

4 Zimmerman,

H.J

Fuzzy set theory-

and its

Applications

Kluwer Academic

Publishers., Boston

1994

5 Driankov, Hellendroon

Introduction to Fuzzy Control

Narosa Publishers, New York

1992

WEBSITES 1. www.ee.berkeley.edu

2. www.ijicic.org

http://www.ee.berkeley.edu/

http://www.ijicic.org/

36

17MEPS_E06 SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES 3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To expose the concepts of feed forward neural networks.

To provide adequate knowledge about feedback neural networks.

To teach about the concept of fuzziness involved in various systems.

To expose the ideas about genetic algorithm.

To provide adequate knowledge about of FLC and NN toolbox.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about Fuzzy modeling.

To gain the knowledge about genetic algorithm.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION (9)

Approaches to intelligent control. Architecture for intelligent control. Symbolic reasoning

system, rule-based systems, the AI approach. Knowledge representation. Expert systems.

UNIT II ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS (9)

Concept of Artificial Neural Networks and its basic mathematical model, McCulloch-Pitts

neuron model, simple perceptron, Adaline and Madaline, Feed-forward Multilayer

Perceptron. Learning and Training the neural network. Data Processing: Scaling, Fourier

transformation, principal-component analysis and wavelet transformations. Hopfield

network, Self-organizing network and Recurrent network. Neural Network based

controller.

UNIT III FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEM (9)

Introduction to crisp sets and fuzzy sets, basic fuzzy set operation and approximate

reasoning. Introduction to fuzzy logic modeling and control. Fuzzification, inferencing

and defuzzification. Fuzzy knowledge and rule bases. Fuzzy modeling and control

schemes for nonlinear systems. Self-organizing fuzzy logic control. Fuzzy logic control

for nonlinear time-delay system.

UNIT IV GENETIC ALGORITHM (9)

Basic concept of Genetic algorithm and detail algorithmic steps, adjustment of free

parameters. Solution of typical control problems using genetic algorithm. Concept on

some other search techniques like tabu search and and-colony search techniques for

solving optimization problems.

UNIT V APPLICATIONS (9)

GA application to power system optimization problem, Case studies: Identification and

control of linear and nonlinear dynamic systems using Matlab-Neural Network toolbox.

Stability analysis of Neural-Network interconnection systems. Implementation of fuzzy

logic controller using Matlab fuzzy-logic toolbox. Stability analysis of fuzzy control

systems.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S.

No.


Publication

1 Jacek.M.Zurada, "Introduction to Artificial Jaico Publishing, 1999

37

House, Neural Systems" Mumbai

2 Kosko,B. "Neural Networks And Fuzzy Systems"

Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,

New Delhi

1994

3 Klir G.J. & Folger T.A.

"Fuzzy sets, uncertainty and Information"

Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,

New Delhi

1993

4 Zimmerman H.J. "Fuzzy set theory-and its Applications"

Kluwer Academic Publishers,

Netherland

1994.

5 Driankov, Hellendroon.

"Introduction to Fuzzy Control"

Narosa Publishers., New

Delhi

1995

WEBSITES 1. www.obitko.com 2. www.doc.ic.ac.uk

http://www.obitko.com/

http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/

38

S. No. Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 Allan Greenwood

Electrical Transients in Power Systems

Wiley Interscience, New York.

1971

2 Klaus Ragaller

Surges in High Voltage Networks.

Plenum Press, New York.

1980

3 Peterson,H.A Extra High Voltage AC Transmission

Engineering

Wiley Eastern ltd, New Delhi

1963

17MEPS_E07 ELECTRICAL TRANSIENTS IN POWER SYSTEMS 3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To gain knowledge in the sources and effects of lightning, switching and

temporary over voltages.

Ability to model and estimate the over voltages in power system

To coordinate the insulation of power system and protective devices.

Ability to model and analyze power system and equipment for transient over

voltages using Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP).

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about lightning surges and switching surges.

To gain the knowledge about Z-transform and EMTP software.

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION AND SURVEY (9)

Review of various types of power system transients- effect of transients on power systems

– relevance of the study and computation of power system transients.

UNIT-II LIGHTNING SURGES (9)

Electrification of thunderclouds – lightning current surges – lightning current parameters

and their values – stroke to tower and mid span – induced lightning surges.

UNIT-III SWITCHING SURGES (9)

Closing and reclosing of lines – load rejection – fault initiation – fault clearing – short

line faults – Ferro–resonance – isolator switching surges – temporary over voltages –

surges on an integrated system – switching – harmonics.

UNIT-IV COMPUTATION OF TRANSIENTS IN CONVERSION EQUIPMENT (9) Traveling wave method – Beweley’s Lattice diagram – analysis in time and frequency

domain – eigen value approach – Z-transform – EMTP software.

UNIT-V INSULATION CO-ORDINATION (9) Over voltage protective devices – shielding wires, rod gaps, and surge diverters,

principles of insulation coordination – recent advancements in insulation coordination –

design of EHV system.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

WEBSITES

1. www.abb.com 2. www.microtran.com

http://www.abb.com/

http://www.microtran.com/

39

17MEPS_E08 PARTIAL DISCHARGES IN ELECTRICAL POWER APPARATUS

3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To know the typical electrode configurations with Partial Discharge (PD).

Ability to model screening and filtering problems during partial discharge

measurements.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about calibration.

To gain the knowledge about fundamentals of pd measuring techniques.

To gain the knowledge about evaluation, measurement and location of PD.

UNIT I THE PHENOMENON OF PARTIAL DISCHARGE (9)

Introduction, Definition of terms, typical electrode configurations with Partial Discharge

(PD), internal discharges and surface discharges, external discharges, equivalent circuits,

PD characteristics of parameters, wave-form and characteristics of an individual PD

pulse, train of PD current pulses, train of PD pulses in relation to the temporarily assigned

instantaneous value of the high voltage, non electrical PD characteristics parameters.

UNIT II FUNDAMENTALS OF PD MEASURING TECHNIQUES (9)

Wave form and spectrum of PD, PD charge measuring equipment, integration in the

frequency domain, selectively wide band system, narrow band system, integration in the

time domain with very large wide band systems, measuring impedance or coupling four

terminal device, PD measuring circuits, calibration, calibration pulses, calibration of PD

measuring setup, calibration of the complete test set up, uncertainty of measurements.

UNIT III SCREENING AND FILTERING PROBLEMS DURING PARTIAL

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS (9) Need for screening, design of screens, completely enclosed screen, screen interruptions,

effect of corners, cavity resonance, design of filters, measurement of screening efficiency,

lead through bushings.

UNIT IV EFFECTS OF PD ON ELECTRICAL INSULATING MATERIALS

(9) Effects of PD on gaseous insulating materials, liquid insulating materials, solid insulating

materials, surface discharges, internal discharges, mixed dielectrics.

UNIT V EVALUATION, MEASUREMENT AND LOCATION OF PD (9)

Relation between measured and actual charge, relation between the time-dependent

occurrence of PD, and the extent of damage. Need for PD measurement, Development of

PD measurement techniques in cables, problems during PD measurements on long cables,

reflection and superposition effects, damping, National and International specifications,

Specifications for test methods, permissible PD magnitudes, Location of PD, methods of

locating PD, PD location according to pulse spacing method.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S. No. Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 Kreuger, F. H Partial Discharge IEEE press 2000

40

Measurements.

2 Dieter Konig, Y. Narayan Rao

PD in Electrical Apparatus

VDE - Verlag 1992

3 C. V. Nayar Partial Discharge

Measurements

IEC Publication 270 ,

USA

1981

4 Kuffel, E, Zaengl W. S

High Voltage Engineering

Oxford , Pergamon 1994

WEBSITES 1. www.future-energy.ethz.ch 2. www.waset.org

http://www.future-energy.ethz.ch/

http://www.waset.org/

41

17MEPS_E09 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR PROTECTION AND

CONTROL 3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To expose the students to the fundamentals of digital signal processing in frequency

domain& its application

To teach the fundamentals of digital signal processing in time-frequency domain& its

application

To compare Architectures & features of Programmable DS processors

To discuss on Application development with commercial family of DS Processors

To design & develop logical functions of DS Processors with Re-Programmable logics

&Devices

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about analog and digital control.

To gain the knowledge about design of filters.

To gain the knowledge about harmonics.

UNIT I ANALOG AND DIGITAL CONTROL (9)

Historical perspective, development of analog and digital control systems for power

system, reasons for and benefits of digital control, advantages of digital system

implementation.

UNIT II FOURIER AND Z TRANSFORM (9)

Mathematical basis for control and protection algorithms: complex Fourier series, Fourier

transforms, discrete Fourier transform, Z-transform theorems, analog and discrete

integration.

UNIT III DESIGN OF FILTERS (9)

Analog filters: standard low-pass approximations, frequency and time response of the

filter, analog filter design, frequency band transformation, Analog to Digital converters,

multiplexer and analog memory, quantization time and errors, Shannon sampling

theorem, practical sampling rates, Classification of digital filters, design of recursive

filters using impulse invariant techniques, design of recursive filters using frequency pre-

warping and the bilinear transformation, problems of quantization and round-off errors.

Design of non-recursive digital filters using a window function, commonly used FIR filter

window functions and associated frequency responses.

UNIT IV SIGNAL ORTHOGONALIZATION ALGORITHMS (9)

Signal orthogonalization algorithms: single and double delay methods, FIR orthogonal

filters, correlation signal magnitude estimation: digital integration methods, orthogonal

components based methods, correlation, detailed algorithms

UNIT V MEASUREMENT OF OTHER POWER SYSTEM QUANTITIES

(9)

Measurement of other power system quantities: algorithms of estimation of active and

reactive power, impedance components, single phase, digital estimation of power system

frequency and frequency deviation. Measurements in dynamic state of estimation,

measurement error sources (signal distortion, harmonics, fundamental frequency

deviation). Decision making process, decision regions and borders, deterministic and

probabilistic decision making methods. Adaptive control and protection systems, multi-

42

criterial systems, integrated measurement, control and protection systems, Wide area

measurements in power systems.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S.

No.


Publication

1. Jackson, L.B Digital Filters and Signal Processing

Kluwer Academic Publishers,

Boston

1986

2. Krauss, T., Shurc, L., Little, J

Signal processing toolbox for use with

Matlab, Users Guide.

3. Ungrad, H., Winkler, W.,

Wiszniewski, A.

Protection Techniques In Electrical Energy

Systems

Marcel Dekker Inc., New York

1995

4. Alan Oppenheim, V., and Ronals, W.,

Schafer

Digital Signal Processing

Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd ,

New Delhi.

1989

WEBSITES 1. www.math.odu.edu 2. www.cse.unt.edu

http://www.math.odu.edu/

http://www.cse.unt.edu/

43

17MEPS_E10 HIGH VOLTAGE POWER TRANSMISSION 3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To expose the students to the fundamentals of power system transients.

To teach the fundamentals of EHV AC transmission system.

To discuss on EHV and HVDC transmission

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about EHV and HVDC transmission.

UNIT - I ENGINEERING ASPECTS OF EHV AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

(9)

Principles, configuration, special features of high voltage AC lines, power transfer ability, reactive power compensation, audible noise, corona bundle conductors, electric field,

right of way, clearances in a tower, phase to phase, phase to ground, phase to tower,

factors to be considered, location of ground wire, angle of protection, clearances, tower

configuration. Principles of radio interference, origin of radio interference, method of

propagation, factors to be considered in line design.

UNIT - II POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS (9)

Introduction, circuit closing transients, sudden symmetrical short circuit of alternator,

recovery transients due to removal of short circuit, traveling waves on transmission lines,

wave equation, surge impedance and wave velocity, specifications of traveling waves,

reflection and refraction of waves, typical cases of line terminations , equivalent circuit

for traveling wave studies, forked lines, reactive termination, successive reflections,

Bewley’s lattice diagram, attenuation and distortion, arcing grounds, capacitance

switching, current chopping, lightning phenomenon, over voltages due to lightning, line

design based on direct strokes, protection of systems against surges, statistical aspects of

insulation coordination.

UNIT-III OTHER ISSUES (9)

Biological effects of electric field, safe values of electric field, requirements of

transmission line, live line maintenance, basic principle, special tools and procedure,

methods of voltage control, tap changing, shunt compensation, shunt reactors and shunt

capacitors.

UNIT- IV EHV AND HVDC TRANSMISSION (9)

EHV AC versus HVDC Transmission, power flow through HVDC link, equation for

HVDC power flow, effect of delay angle and angle of advance, bridge connections,

waveform of six pulse and twelve pulse bridge converter, commutation, phase control,

angle of extinction, control of DC voltage, connections of three phase six pulse and

twelve pulse converter bridges, voltage and current waveforms. Bipolar HVDC terminal,

converter transformer connections, switching arrangements in DC yard for earth return to

metallic return, HVDC switching system, switching arrangements in a bipolar HVDC

terminal, sequence of switching operations, HVDC circuit breakers, DC current

interruption, commutation principle, probable types and applications of HVDC circuit

breakers, multi-terminal HVDC systems, parallel tapping, reversal of power,

configurations and types of multi-terminal HVDC systems, commercial multi terminal

systems.

44

UNIT- V FAULTS IN TRANSMISSION LINES (9)

Faults and abnormal condition in bipolar, two terminal HVDC system, pole-wise

segregation, protective zones, clearing of DC line faults and reenergizing, protection .of

converters, transformers, converter valves, DC yards, integration of protection and

controls, hierarchical levels of control, block diagram, schematic diagram, current control,

power control, DC voltage control, commutation channel, master control, station control,

lead station, trail station, pole control, equidistant firing control, synchronous HVDC link,

asynchronous HVDC Link.

Total: 45

REFERENCES


Publication

1 Rakosh Das Begamudre EHV AC Transmission

New Age Publishers,

New York

1955

2 Pogei, C., Dugan, Mark, F., McGranghan, Surya

santoso, H., and Wayne

Beaty

Direct Current Transmission

Wiley Interscience,

New York

1993

3 Subir Ray Introduction to High Voltage

Engineering

Prentice Hall of India Private

Limited, New

Delhi

1992

4 Adamson C. Hingorani N.G

Direct Current Transmission

Wiley Interscience,

New

York

1993

5 Uhimann E. Power Transmission by

DC

Springer, USA 1975

6 S.Rao, HVAC and HVDC Transmission,

Engineering and

practice

Khanna Publishers,

New

Delhi.

1990

7 B.M. Weddy and B.J.Cory,

Electric Power Systems

John Wiley and Sons, New York

2002

WEBSITES

1. www.ipst.org 2. www.cablefault.co.za

http://www.ipst.org/

http://www.cablefault.co.za/

45

17MEPS_E11 SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES 3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To expose the students to the concepts of special electrical machines and analyze

their performance and to impart knowledge on

Construction and performance of synchronous reluctance motors.

Principle of operation and performance of stepping motors .

Construction, principle of operation and performance of switched reluctance

motors

Construction, principle of operation and performance of permanent magnet

synchronous motors

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about synchronous reluctance motors.

To gain the knowledge about switched reluctance motors.

To gain the knowledge about permanent magnet brushless dc motors.

UNIT- I SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE MOTORS (9)

Constructional features: axial and radial air gap Motors. Operating principle, reluctance

torque – phasor diagram, motor characteristics.

UNIT -II SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTORS (9) Constructional features, principle of operation. Torque equation, Power controllers,

Characteristics and control - Microprocessor based controller.

UNIT- III PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS (9)

Principle of operation, EMF, power input and torque expressions, Phasor diagram, Power

controllers, Torque-speed characteristics, Self control, Vector control, Current control

schemes.

UNIT- IV PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS (9)

Commutation in DC motors, Difference between mechanical and electronic commutators,

Hall sensors, Optical sensors, Multiphase Brushless motors, Square wave permanent

magnet brushless motor drives, Torque and emf equation, Torque-speed characteristics,

Controllers-Microprocessor based controller.

UNIT- V STEPPING MOTORS (9)

Constructional features, principle of operation, modes of excitation, torque production in

Variable Reluctance (VR) stepping motor, dynamic characteristics, Drive systems and

circuit for open loop control, closed loop control of stepping motor.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S. No.

Author(s) Name

Title of the book

Publisher Year of

Publication

1 Miller, T.J.E. Brushless permanent magnet and reluctance

motor drives

Clarendon Press, Oxford.

1989

46

2 Kenjo, T. Stepping motors and their microprocessor

control,

Clarendon Press, Oxford.

1989

3 Kenjo, T and

Naganori, S.,

Permanent Magnet

and brushless DC

motors

Clarendon Press,

Oxford.

1989

4 Kenjo, T., Power Electronics for the microprocessor

Age.

Clarendon press, Oxford.

1989

5 Bose, B.K., Modern Power

Electronics and AC

drives

Prentice Hall,

New Jersey.

1997

WEBSITES 1. www.allaboutcircuits.com 2. www.koder.cn

http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/

http://www.koder.cn/

47

17MEPS_E12 SMART GRIDS 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To Study about Smart Grid technologies, different smart meters and advanced

metering infrastructure.

To familiarize the power quality management issues in Smart Grid.

To familiarize the high performance computing for Smart Grid applications.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about Distributed Generations.

To gain the knowledge about Island mode of operation.

To gain the knowledge about storage devices.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION : SMART GRID AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

(9) Defining a smart grid – Characteristics of smart grid - Values of a smart grid – The economic Case – The environmental Case – Benefits to utilities – Benefits to consumers –

Power system components – Power system protection: Traditional Vs Smart – Case study

– Generation fundamentals – Traditional Generations – Distributed Generations – micro grid

generation – Generator Protection – Challenges and Opportunities – Cost of smart grid –

Government Regulations – Emerging Technologies - FACTS – optimizing integration systems

– Multi generation buildings – Case study.

UNIT II SMART GRID: MODELS AND OPERATING PRINCIPLES (9)

Solar Photovoltaic models and grid Integration – Design of a 2 MVA PV station – DG

system as part of utility power system – The smart grid PV - UPS DG system – Split DC Bus

UPS – PV DG system – Island mode of operation – Parallel operation of Inverters – Power

Quality. Wind turbine model and grid Integration – Micro turbine model & Grid Integration.

Electric Vehicle model and Grid Integration.

UNIT III SMART GRID: DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SYSTEMS (9)

Power Converter System – Control System Development – Current limit and Saturation

Control, Simulation using simulate and MATLAB. Inverter Parallel operation – Load

sharing control Algorithm – Distributed Generation System and Newton Raphson method in

power flow – Plant modeling and 3 phase 4 wire DG unit topology – Single distributed

generation System –MIMO Linear system Stability robustness – PWM rectifier control –

3 Phase AC – DC – AC topology.

UNIT IV ENERGY STORAGE AND COMMUNICATION (09)

State–of–the art storage devices – Battery types – Ultra capacitors based Energy Storage

System – Flywheel – Wide Area Network – Substation Information System – Wireless

Networks – Distribution Automation – AMI Networks – Utility monitoring and Control – Inter-

system Coordination – Industrial systems – Consumer Residential Systems – Network

Protection – Channel model Fundamental – Low, medium, High voltage, main Topologies –

Residential and Business Indoor wiring Topologies – The Power line Channel model –

Digital Transmission Techniques - Threats – IEC61850 Considerations.

UNIT V SMART GRID: RELIABILITY, STABILITY AND COMPONENT

INTEGRATION (9) Smart Grid Programming – Virtual Power Producer – Intelligent reconfiguration using

SCADA – Problems in distributed grids – Solutions. Integration of Mini – Micro

48

generation in distribution Grids – Power supply Quality generic standards – Renewable

Energies specific standards – Smart Grid stability analysis schemes – Supply guarantee and

Power quality – Integration in power systems – Distributed Generation advantages and needs.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S. No. Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 Fox-Penner Smart Power: Climate Change, the Smart Grid,

and the Future of Electric

Utilities

Island Press , Washington DC

2010

2 StanMark Kaplan, Fred

Sissine

Smart Grid: Modernizing Electric Power

Transmission and

Distribution; Energy

Independence, Storage

and Security; Energy

Independence and

Security Act and

Resiliency

The Capitol.Net, Washington DC

2009

3 Ali Keyhani Moha

mmad N.

Marwali , Min

Dai

Integration of Green and Renewable Energy in

Electric Power Systems

Wiley, USA 2009

4 Ryszard Michal Strzelecki , Grz

egorz Pawel

Benysek

Power Electronics in Smart Electrical Energy

Networks

Springer, USA 2008

5 Hendrik C. Ferreira ,Lutz

Lampe , John

Newbury,Theo

G Swart

Power Line Communications: Theory

and Applications for

Narrowband and

Broadband

Communications over

Power Lines

Wiley, New York 2010

WEBSITES

1. www.wca.org 2. www.sandc.com

http://www.amazon.com/Smart-Power-Climate-Electric-Utilities/dp/1597267066/ref=sr_1_2?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1281286214&sr=1-2






http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Stan%20Mark%20Kaplan

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Stan%20Mark%20Kaplan

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Fred%20Sissine

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_3?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=TheCapitol.Net

http://www.amazon.com/Ali-Keyhani/e/B002JV8H6W/ref=ntt_athr_dp_pel_1



http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Mohammad%20N.%20Marwali

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Mohammad%20N.%20Marwali

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_3?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Min%20Dai

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_3?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Min%20Dai

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Ryszard%20Michal%20Strzelecki



http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Grzegorz%20Pawel%20Benysek



http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Hendrik%20C.%20Ferreira

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Hendrik%20C.%20Ferreira

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Lutz%20Lampe




http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_3?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=John%20Newbury

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_3?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=John%20Newbury

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_4?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Theo%20G%20Swart

http://www.wca.org/

http://www.sandc.com/

49

17MEPS_E13 MICROCONTROLLER AND DSP BASED SYSTEM DESIGN


To study the Architecture PIC 16C7X.

To study the addressing modes and instruction set of PIC 16C7X .

To introduce the need and use of Interrupt structure.

To develop skill in simple program writing.

To study simple applications.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about PIC 16C7X MICROCONTROLLER.

To gain the knowledge about PERIPHERALS OF TMSLF2407.

To gain the knowledge about Programming techniques.

UNIT I PIC 16C7X MICROCONTROLLER (9)

Architecture - memory organization – Addressing modes – Instruction set – Programming

techniques – simple programs

UNIT II PERIPHERALS OF PIC 16C7X (9)

Timers – interrupts – I/O ports – I2C bus for peripheral chip access – A/D converter –

UART

UNIT III TMSLF2407 DSP CONTROLLER (9)

Introduction- System configuration registers - Memory Addressing modes - Instruction

set – Programming techniques – simple programs

UNIT IV PERIPHERALS OF TMSLF2407 (9)

General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) Functionality- Interrupts - A/D converter-Event

Managers (EVA, EVB)- PWM signal generation

UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF TMSLF2407 (9) Voltage regulation of DC-DC converters- Stepper motor and DC motor control- Clarke’s

and Park’s transformation-Space vector PWM- Control of Induction Motors and PMSM.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S. No.

Author(s) Name

Title of the book

Publisher Year of

Publication

1 John B. Peatman Design with PIC Microcontrollers

Pearson Education, Asia

2004

2 Hamid A. Toliyat, Steven

Campbell

DSP based Electromechanical Motion Control

CRC Press, USA

2003

WEBSITES 1. www.crcnetbase.com

2. www.smpstech.com

http://www.crcnetbase.com/

http://www.smpstech.com/

50

17MEPS_E14 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To study the architecture of embedded system.

To study the OS for embedded systems.

Need of Distributed embedded architecture.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about embedded system design processes.

To gain the knowledge about basic compilation techniques.

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEM (9)

An embedded system, functional building block of embedded system, Characteristics of

embedded system, applications, Challenges in embedded system design, embedded

system design processes.

UNIT-II ARCHITECTURE OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM (9)

Computer architecture taxonomy, CPUs – programming input and output, Supervisor

mode, exceptions and traps, Co-processors, memory system mechanisms - CPU bus -

memory devices - I/O devices - component interfacing - Assembly and linking - basic

compilation techniques.

UNIT-III OS FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEMS (9) Introduction to RTOS, multiple tasks and multiple processes, context switching, operating

system, scheduling policies, inter process communication mechanisms. Introduction to

µC/OSII

UNIT-IV PERFORMANCE ISSUSES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS (9)

CPU Performance, CPU Power consumption, Analysis and optimization of execution

time, program size, energy and power, Evaluating operating system performance, power

optimization strategies for processes, Hardware accelerators.

UNIT-V DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION (9) Development and debugging, manufacturing, Testing, Program validation and testing,

Need of Distributed embedded architecture, I2

C Bus, CAN Bus, Design examples: GPS Moving map, Personal Digital Assistant, Elevator controller.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S.

No.

Author(s)

Name

Title of the book

Publisher Year of

Publication

1 Wayne Wolf, , Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded

Computer Systems Design,

The Morgan Kaufmann

Series in Computer

Architecture and Design

Harcourt Asia Pvt.Ltd.,

Dehiwella,

Srilanka

2000

2 Rajkamal, Embedded Systems Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing

company

Ltd., New Delhi

2003

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=si3_rdr_bb_author?index=books&field%2dauthor%2dexact=Wayne%20Wolf

51

3 David E Simon,

An Embedded software primer

Pearson education India, New Delhi

2004

4 Sriram V Iyer, Pankaj Gupta, ,

Embedded Real-time Systems Programming

Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing

2004

WEBSITES 1. www.ece.cmu.edu 2. www.cs.rice.edu

http://www.ece.cmu.edu/

http://www.cs.rice.edu/

52

17MEPS_E15 OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES 3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To introduce the different optimization problems and techniques

To study the fundamentals of the linear and non-linear programming problem.

To understand the concept of dynamic programming and genetic algorithm

technique

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about linear programming.

To gain the knowledge about Rosenbrock’s method

To gain the knowledge about Genetic algorithm

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO OPTIMIZATION (9)

Statement of Optimization problems – Classical optimization techniques – Single variable

and multi variable optimization – Method of direct substitution constraint variation –

Lagrange multipliers multivariable optimization with equality constraints – Kuhn Tucker

conditions.

UNIT II LINEAR PROGRAMMING (9)

Linear programming definition – Pivotal reduction of general system of equation –

Simplex algorithms – Two phases of the simplex method – Revised simplex method –

Duality in linear programming.

UNIT III NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING (ONE DIMENSIONAL) (9)

Unimodal function – Elimination methods – Unrestricted and exhaustive search,

Dichotomous search, Fibonacci method – Interpolation methods – Direct root method.

UNIT IV NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING (UNCONSTRAINED

OPTIMIZATION) (9) Direct search methods – Univariate method, Pattern search methods – Rosenbrock’s

method – The simplex method – Descent method – Conjucate gradient method – Quasi

Newton methods. Nonlinear Programming (Constrained Optimization): Direct methods –

The Complex method – Cutting plane method – Methods of feasible directions and

determination of step length – Termination criteria, determination of step length.

UNIT V SPECIAL TECHNIQUES (9)

Multistage decision process – Computational procedure – Final value problem to initial

value problem – Continuous dynamic programming – Discrete dynamic programming.

Heuristic Techniques for optimization – Neural Networks – Genetic algorithm – Adaptive

genetic algorithm – Typical applications.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S.

No.

Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 Nash S G and Ariela Sofer

Linear and Nonlinear Programming

McGraw- Hill Inc., New York

1996

53

2 David E Goldberg

Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and

Machine Learning

Addision Wesley Publishing

Company

1999

3 Kalyanmoy Deb Multi-Objective Optimization Using

Evolutionary Algorithms

John Wiley and Sons

2001

4 Ras S.S, Optimization Theory and Application

Wiley Eastern Limited,

NewDelhi

2003

17MEPS_E16 VISUAL LANGUAGES AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3 100

OBJECTIVES:

To introduce the object oriented programming.

To study the fundamentals of the programming.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about Software Development Kit (SDK) tools.

To gain the knowledge about VC++ components.

UNIT-I HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMMING (9)

Procedural programming - structural programming - object oriented programming -

windows programming - Event driven programming - conceptual comparison.

UNIT-II WINDOWS PROGRAMMING (9)

Overview of windows programming - data types - resources - controls -windows

messages - device contexts - document interfaces - dynamic link libraries - Software

Development Kit (SDK) tools - context help

UNIT-III VISUAL BASIC PROGRAMMING (9)

Form design - overview - programming fundamentals - VBX controls - graphic

applications - animation - interfaces - file system control - data control - database

application

UNIT-IV VISUAL C++ PROGRAMMING (9)

Frame work classes - VC++ components - resource handling - event handling - message

dispatch system - model and model-less system - model and model-less dialogues -

importing VBX controls - document – view architecture - sterilization - multiple

document - splitter windows - coordination between controls – sub classing.

UNIT-V CASE STUDIES (9)

Application to electrical engineering problems.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S. No. Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 David Kurlinski, J

Inside Visual C++ Microsoft press, USA

1993

2 Michael Etzel, Karen

Dickinson

Microsoft Visual C++ and Visual

Basic manuals.

Microsoft press, USA

1999

WEBSITES 1. www.codeguru.com 2. www.onesmartclick.com

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&sa=N&tbo=1&tbm=bks&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Michael+Etzel%22&ei=xzljTtHSJJHOrQfPt7ilCg&ved=0CC8Q9Ag4Cg

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&sa=N&tbo=1&tbm=bks&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Michael+Etzel%22&ei=xzljTtHSJJHOrQfPt7ilCg&ved=0CC8Q9Ag4Cg

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&sa=N&tbo=1&tbm=bks&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Michael+Etzel%22&q=inauthor:%22Karen+Dickinson%22&ei=xzljTtHSJJHOrQfPt7ilCg&ved=0CDAQ9Ag4Cg

http://www.codeguru.com/

http://www.onesmartclick.com/

17MEPS_E17 POWER SYSTEM PLANNING AND RELIABILITY 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To introduces the objectives of Load forecasting.

To study the fundamentals of Generation system, transmission system and

Distribution system reliability analysis

To illustrate the basic concepts of Expansion planning

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about load forecasting.

To gain the knowledge about contingency analysis.

To gain the knowledge about distribution system planning.

UNIT-I LOAD FORECASTING (9)

Objectives of forecasting - load growth patterns and their importance in planning - load

forecasting based on discounted multiple regression technique - weather sensitive load

forecasting - determination of annual load forecasting - use of AI in load forecasting.

UNIT-II GENERATION SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS (9)

Probabilistic generation and load models - determination of LOLP and expected value of

demand not served - determination of reliability of isolated and interconnected generation

systems.

UNIT-III TRANSMISSION SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS (9)

Deterministic contingency analysis - probabilistic load flow - fuzzy load flow -

probabilistic transmission system reliability analysis - determination of reliability indices

like LOLP and expected value of demand not served.

UNIT-IV EXPANSION PLANNING (9)

Basic concepts - procedure followed for integrated transmission system planning, current

practice in India - capacitor placement problem in transmission system and radial

distribution systems.

UNIT-V DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING OVERVIEW (9) Introduction, sub transmission lines and distribution substations - design of primary and

secondary systems - distribution system protection and coordination of protective devices.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S.

No.

Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 Sullivan, R.L Proceedings of work shop on energy systems planning and

Progress and the way forward,

CBIP, Power system planning

McGraw-Hill, USA

1977

2 Roy Billington and

Allan Ronald

Power system reliability, Electric power distribution

system Engineering

Tata McGraw- Hill, New

Delhi

1986

WEBSITES 1. www1.eere.energy.gov

2. www.uq.edu.au

http://www.uq.edu.au/

S.

No.

Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 Rolston, D.W Principles of AI and EI development

McGraw Hill , New York

1988

2 Wassermann P.D, Van

Reinhold

Neural Computing Springer, New York 1988

3 Dejan J. Sobajic IEEE tutorial on application of Neural

Network to power

systems

Lawrence erlabum associates, Inc.,

USA

1996.

17MEPS_E18 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION TO POWER

SYSTEMS 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To introduces the objectives of expert systems.

To study the fundamentals of Neural Networks.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about AI systems.

To gain the knowledge about Neural Networks.

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO EXPERT SYSTEMS (9)

Basics of AI systems - introduction to expert systems - definitions - architecture

- differences from conventional programming.

UNIT-II EXPERT SYSTEMS (9)

Knowledge components - levels of representation - representation schemes - formal and

non-formal representation schemes - Expert System building task - development -

knowledge acquisition - typical building process

UNIT-III INTRODUCTION TO NEURAL NETWORKS (9)

Neurobiological models of neurons - basics of ANN - perceptron - back propagation network – memory models - bi-directional associative memory - Hopfield

network.

UNIT-IV ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS (9)

Theory, architecture and applications of computer propagation network -

Boltzmann's network – adaptive resonance theory - introduction to cognitron and neocognitron.

UNIT-V APPLICATION OF AI TO POWER SYSTEMS (9)

Application of expert systems and neural networks in load forecasting,

contingency analysis, VAr control and other power system problems.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

WEBSITES

1. www.slideshare.net 2. www.globalspec.com

17MEPS_E19 ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

http://www.slideshare.net/

http://www.globalspec.com/

To perform transient stability analysis using unified algorithm.

To impart knowledge on sub-synchronous resonance and oscillations

To analyze voltage stability problem in power system.

To familiarize the methods of transient stability enhancement.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about Mid-term and long-term stability.

To gain the knowledge about Sub-Synchronous Resonance.

To gain the knowledge about transient stability enhancement methods.

UNIT-I TRANSIENT STABILITY ANALYSIS (9)

Review of numerical integration methods: Euler and Fourth Order Runge-Kutta methods,

Numerical stability and implicit methods, Interfacing of Synchronous machine (variable

voltage) model to the transient stability algorithm (TSA) with partitioned – explicit and

implicit approaches – Interfacing SVC with TSA-methods to enhance transient stability.

UNIT-II UNIFIED ALGORITHM FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF POWER

SYSTEMS (9)

Need for unified algorithm- numerical integration algorithmic steps-truncation error-

variable step size – handling the discontinuities- numerical stability- application of the

algorithm for transient. Mid-term and long-term stability simulations

UNIT-III TRANSMISSION, GENERATION AND LOAD ASPECTS OF

VOLTAGE STABILITY ANALYSIS (9)

Review of transmission aspects – Generation Aspects: Review of synchronous machine

theory – Voltage and frequency controllers – Limiting devices affecting voltage stability

– Voltage-reactive power characteristics of synchronous generators – Capability curves –

Effect of machine limitation on deliverable power – Load Aspects – Voltage dependence

of loads – Load restoration dynamics – Induction motors – Load tap changers –

Thermostatic load recovery – General aggregate load models.

UNIT-IV SUBSYSNCHRONOUS RESONANCE (SSR) AND OSCILLATIONS

(9)

Sub-Synchronous Resonance (SSR) – Types of SSR - Characteristics of series – Compensated transmission systems –Modeling of turbine-generator-transmission

network- Self-excitation due to induction generator effect – Torsional interaction

resulting in SSR –Methods of analyzing SSR – Numerical examples illustrating

instability of Sub-Synchronous oscillations –time-domain simulation of sub-synchronous

resonance – EMTP with detailed synchronous machine model- Turbine Generator

Torsional Characteristics: Shaft system model – Examples of torsional characteristics –

Torsional Interaction with Power System Controls: Interaction with generator excitation

controls – Interaction with speed governors – Interaction with nearby DC converters.

UNIT-V ENHANCEMENT OF TRANSIENT STABILITY AND COUNTER

MEASURES FOR SUB SYNCHRONOUS RESONANCE (9)

Principle behind transient stability enhancement methods: high-speed fault clearing,

reduction of transmission system reactance, regulated shunt compensation, dynamic

braking, reactor switching, independent pole-operation of circuit-breakers, single-pole

switching, fast-valving, high-speed excitation systems; NGH damper scheme.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S.

No.

Author(s)

Name

Title of the book Publisher Year

Publication

1. Cutsem, T.V., Vournas, C.

Voltage Stability of Power Systems

Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.

1998

2. Kundur, P Power System Stability and

Control


2010

3. Dommel, H. W.

Electromagnetic Transients

Program

Reference Manual prepared for Bonneville

Power Administration,

U.S.A

1986

4. R.

Ramanujam

Power System

Dynamics Analysis

and Simulation

PHI Learning Private

Limited,

New Delhi.

2009

WEBSITES 1. School.eecs.wsu.edu 2. www.gateway400.org

http://www.gateway400.org/

17MEPS_E20 POWER SYSTEM AUTOMATION AND SECURITY 3 0 0 3 100 OBJECTIVES:

To impart knowledge on over voltage protection in power system

To impart knowledge on carrier communication.

INTENDED OUTCOMES:

To gain the knowledge about fault phenomena.

To gain the knowledge about protections.

To gain the knowledge about SCADA.

UNIT- I INTRODUCTION (9)

Switching and auxiliary contacts units in automation, classification, parameters and

category of utilizations, electrical and mechanical endurance. Reed relays and sensors,

structure, principle of operation, switching properties and application considerations.

UNIT – II FAULT PHENOMENA (9)

Advanced current converters for digital protections, Hall transformers, Rogowski – coil

converters, general consideration, principle of operation, parameters. Security problems in

MV feeders with no effective earthing under a single phase grounding, ground fault

phenomena, problems of an earth-fault clearance.

UNIT – III PROTECTIONS (9)

Over voltage protection in power system, external and internal sources of over voltages,

resonance phenomena, arcing ground phenomenon, protection against switching

transients.

UNIT – IV CARRIER COMMUNICATION (9)

Power Line Carrier (PLC) system for control, communication and management, general

concept, advantages and restrictions. Coordinated control: automatic restoration, auto-

reclosing and load shedding in power system. Wide Area Protection Systems (WAPS) –

application fields, GPS synchronization of measurements, remote access, information

availability, examples of WAPS for protection and maintenance of power system

integrity.

UNIT V MONITORING AND CONTROL (9)

Substation Automation (SA) and integration – local and remote control, bay control units,

communication protocols, cooperation with SCADA, substation integration levels,

coordinated protection and control systems. Trends in substation automation – application

of Intelligent Electronic Devices, distributed structures, agent-based SA systems, open

communication systems, internet-based solutions. Blackouts – reasons of wide area

developing faults, USA blackout 2003, preventive systems, adaptive protection systems,

wide area control, voltage and angle stability monitoring.

Total: 45

REFERENCES

S. No. Author(s)

Name


Publication

1 KTV Grattan Sensors-

technology, Systems

and

Applications

A.Hilger IOP Publishing

Ltd., New York

1991

2 A. Alwar Power System

Protection volume

4: Digital protection

and signaling

Short Run Press Ltd,

New York

1997

3 Ungrad, H., Winkler, W.,

Wiszniewski, A

Protection Techniques in

Electrical Energy

Systems

Marcel Dekker Inc, New York

1995

4 Hasse. P Over voltage Protection Of Low

Voltage Systems

TJ International, Pads town 2000

5 Pradas Kodali, V

Engineering Electromagnetic

Compatibility

Principles, Measurements and

Technology

IEEE Press, New York 1996

WEBSITES 1. www.ewics.org

2. www.isa.org

http://www.ewics.org/

http://www.isa.org/

Documents

M.E (Power Systems Engineering) - kahedu.edu.in · 2 Elgerd, O. I Electrical Energy Systems Theory - An Introduction Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi. 2007 3 Kundur, P Power System Stability