MITOCHONDRION

Presented by: Megan Tronconi

(Powerhouse of the Cell)

Objectives

Try to understand the functions of the mitochondrion .

Learn the structure and his composition .

Identify the differents characteristics and how is found in our environment

What is Mitochondrion?

Is a membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells those

organelles found in the cytoplasm produces enzymes for the metabolic

conversion of food and energy.

Mitochondrion is responsable:

Converting nutrients into the energy- yielding molecules adenosine thrispotes

(ATP) to fuel the cell´s activities

The first observation of intracellular structure that

propably represent mitochondrian were published in 1840s

To produce the energy currency of the cell, ATP through

respiration, and to regulate cellular metabolism

Characteristics:

1. The number of mitochondria in a cell varies widely by organism and tissue type.

2. Many cells have only a single mitochondrion, whereas others can contain several thousand mitochondria

3. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions.

4. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and the cristae and matrix.

5. Mitochondrial proteins vary depending on the tissue and the species

Structure

A mitochondrion contains outer and inner membranes composed of phospolipid bilayers and proteins.

The two membranes have differents properties.

Outer Membrane:Which encloses the entire organelle, has a protein to phospholipid ratio similar of the

eukaryotic plasma membrane

• Contains large numbers of integral proteins called Porins

Allows molecules to freely difuse from one side of the membrane to other

Intermembrane Space

Is the space between the outer membrane and inner membrane

Is also know as PerimitochondrialSpace.

Inner MembraneAlso double phospolipid layer.

It is a site of the production of ATP

Cristae

The folding of the inner membrane that allows the surface to enhancing its ability to produce ATP

Matrix Fluid material that fills are inside the inner membrane

Conclusion• Mitochondria, the "powerhouses" of cells,

are unusual organelles in that they are surrounded by a double membrane. They also divide independently of the cell cycle by simple fission. Mitochondrial division is stimulated by energy demand, so cells with an increased need for energy contain greater numbers of these organelles than cells with lower energy needs.

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