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3/23/2011
Mobile Cloud Computing
T-109.4300 Network Services Business Models
23.03.2011
Yrjö Raivio
Aalto University, School of Science
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Data Communications Software
Email: [email protected]
19.1 Introduction, Sakari Luukkainen
26.1 Mobile market, Sakari Luukkainen
2.2 Theoretical frameworks, Sakari Luukkainen
9.2 Business model design using STOF, Sakari Luukkainen & Antero Juntunen
16.2 Open Telco, Vesa Suikkola
Week 8 Winter holiday
2.3 Mobile services research, Antero Juntunen
Week 10 Exam week
16.3 Cloud computing, Sakari Luukkainen
23.3 Mobile cloud computing, Yrjö Raivio
30.3 Green computing, Teemu Muukkonen
6.4 Online music business, Heikki Kokkinen
13.4 Google business model, Matti Leppänen
20.4 API brokering, Alberto Vila Tena
25.5 Examination
Course agenda
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• Research motivation
• Architecture
• Hybrid Cloud
• Telecom Cloud
• Mobile Offloading
• Open Telco
• Summary
Agenda
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Research motivation
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Cloud markets drivers
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Cloud industry opportunity (near term)
3/23/20116
Traffic load varies also in telecom
applications
3/23/20117
Source: P. Zerfos, X. Meng, S. H.Y. Wong , V. Samanta and S. Lu, “A study of the Short Message
Service of a nationwide cellular network”, IMC 2006.
Private cloud
Public cloud
Service Level Agreement –
Telecom vs. Cloud
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I Support systems
II Tactical systems
III
Strategic
systems
Car
rier
Gra
de
SLA Carrier grade 6 EC2 Large VMs
Availability 99.999 %99.95 % one zone
99.9999 % two zones
Latency < 150 ms < 50 ms (EU zone)
Throughput > 1000 messages/s >1000 messages/s
Source: M. Murphy, ”Telco Clouds” [presentation], Cloud Asia 2010
Source: R. Paivarinta and Y. Raivio, ”Performance Evaluation of NoSQL Cloud Database in a Telecom Environment”,
Closer 2011.
Mobile capabilities
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Source: Kemp et al., ”Cuckoo: a Computation Offloading Framework for Smartphones”, MobiCASE 2010.
Bottleneck:
Battery
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Architecture
Mobile Cloud
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Public
cloud
Private
cloud
Telecom Cloud
SaaS
PaaS
IaaS
Support
Systems
(OSS/BSS)
Service
Delivery
Storage
Computation
Communication
Open Telco
SaaS
PaaS
IaaS
SaaS
PaaS
IaaSHybrid
Cloud
Mobile
OffloadingEnd
users
• Open Source SW IaaS alternatives
• Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Systems)
• Open Stack (Nasa, Rackspace, Cisco..)
• Open Nebula (C12G Labs)
• Interoperability of clouds: DeltaCloud
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
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Hybrid Cloud
Private, Public and Hybrid Cloud
vs. product cycles
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Time
Turnover
Private
cloud
Public
cloud
Hybrid
cloud
Early
development
Exponential
growth
Mature
market
Business optimization of
Dynamic Hybrid Cloud – case SMSC
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• Compare
• Public cloud (Amazon EC2)
• Own private cloud (OpenNebula)
• Hosted private cloud (OpenNebula run from Web hotel)
• Dynamic Hybrid cloud (Amazon EC2 & own or hosted OpenNebula)
• Minimize
b a
F = ∫ f(y) + B ∫ f(y) dt, where
0 b
A = private cloud cost/msg
B = public cloud cost/msg
a = peak load
b = private cloud max capacity
• www.cloudonomics.org
Private cloud
Public cloud
a
b
F (cost)
Dynamic Hybrid Cloud – case SMSC
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• Basic idea: use private clouds for base
load, public clouds for peaks
• Scalability: Auto scaling feature can be
used to start SMSC’s on demand
• Hybrid architecture helps to achieve
SLA requirements and improves trust
• Case SMSC Finland
• 3.5 billion SMS messages/year
• Base load 100 messages/s
• Peak: x10 (Tickets: x1000)
• Costs with Amazon EC2 (6 x Large virtual machine incl. transmission and storage costs): ~10 k€/year
• SMS revenues: ~200 M€/year
SMS
users
Public CloudAmazon EC2SMSC Cluster
Open-
Nebula
Front
End
Private CloudOpenNebula
SMSC Cluster
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Telecom Cloud
HLR in Cloud
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HLR
MSC
Client N
MSC
Client 2
MSC
Client 1
…
Source: R. Paivarinta and Y. Raivio, ”Performance Evaluation of NoSQL Cloud Database in a Telecom Environment”,
Closer 2011.
Mobile Virtual Network Operator in a
cloud
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True MVNO
Weak MVNO
ResellerMNO
Cloud MVNO
Radio
Access &
Network
Switching
& Network
Element
Inventory &
Resource
Management
Services &
Content
Billing &
Customer
Care
Marketing
& Sales
Source: Kiiski and Hämmäinen, ”Mobile Virtual Network Operator Strategies: Case Finland”, ITS 2004.
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Mobile Offloading
Mobile Offloading:
computation vs. communication
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Source: B.-G. Chun and P. Maniatis, ”Augmented
Smartphone Applications Through Clone Cloud
Execution”, HotOS 2009.
Source: K. Kumar and Y.-H. Lu, ”Cloud Computing for
Mobile Users: Can Offloading Computation Save Energy ”,
Computer, April 2010.
Mobile Offloading alternatives
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Source: B.-G. Chun and P. Maniatis: ”Augmented Smartphone Applications Through Clone Cloud Execution”, HotOS 2009.
Mobile
Cloud
Model-View-Controller approach
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• Extension of Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, supported by Qt and other major application frameworks
• Replicate the View and part of the Controller on a User Agent residing on another device
• Keep the User Agent and the application synchronized using an event-propagation mechanism
Source: V. Stirbu, ”A RESTful Architecture for Adaptive and Multi-device Application Sharing”, WS-REST 2010.
Mobile Offloading use cases
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A) Distributed Presenter
B) Dropbox
C) Cloud Assisted Gaming
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Open Telco
Mobile network as N-sided platform –
case Event Experience
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……
Su
bscrib
ers
Co
nte
nt P
rovid
ers
Subscription fee
Subsidization
Service fee
Commission
Operators
Messaging
Location
Payment
Click-to-
call
Call
notification
Data conn.
profile
In-app
billing
Remaining
credits
GSMA OneAPI
Flow festival
Helsinki City
Upcode
Band merchandise
Tiketti
HSL
Google Maps
Innovation Wheel
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Cloud
Usage
ScenariosUser acceptance
(VTT&Aalto)
Business
ScenariosBusiness acceptance
(VTT&Aalto Service
Factory)
Open TelcoTechnologies&Business
(TeliaSonera&Aalto)
Business
Development(Aalto Venture
Garage)
Software FactoryImplementation
(University of Helsinki,
Aalto)
Lessons learnt APIs
Validated
service ideas
Business
cases
Field trials
Service
prototypes
User
ExperienceUser evaluation
(VTT&Aalto)
Spinoffs
Event
Experience
Mobile
Offloading
Kassi
Mobile
Rideshare
Geolocation
GSMA OneAPI
2.0
(Voice, Profile,,)
• Hybrid Cloud
• Technology: load balancing algorithm
• Business: optimal setup
• Telecom Cloud
• Application servers
• BSS/OSS
• MVNO
• Mobile Offloading
• Usability
• Energy
• Business impact
• Open Telco
• Technology
• Privacy
• Business case
Summary
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1. M. Armbrust et al., “Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing”, 2009,
http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2009/EECS-2009-28.pdf.
2. Amazon EC2 pricing: http://calculator.s3.amazonaws.com/calc5.html.
3. Cloudonomics:
http://www.joeweinman.com/Resources/Joe_Weinman_Inevitability_Of_Cloud.pdf.
4. R. Paivarinta and Y. Raivio, ”Performance Evaluation of NoSQL Cloud Database in a
Telecom Environment”, Closer 2011.
5. A. Kiiski and H. Hämmäinen, ”Mobile Virtual Network Operator Strategies: Case Finland”,
ITS 2004.
6. K. Kumar and Y.-H. Lu, ”Cloud Computing for Mobile Users: Can Offloading Computation
Save Energy ”, Computer, April 2010.
7. V. Stirbu, ”A RESTful Architecture for Adaptive and Multi-device Application Sharing”, WS-
REST 2010.
8. Open Telco - GSMA OneAPI: http://www.gsmworld.com/oneapi/; Bluevia:
https://bluevia.com/en/; GigsWiz: http://tickets.gigswiz.com/how-it-works/
References
3/23/201129
