Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Molecular Stress Physiology of Plants
Gyana Ranjan Rout • Anath Bandhu DasEditors
Molecular StressPhysiology of Plants
EditorsGyana Ranjan RoutDepartment of AgriculturalBiotechnology
Orissa University of Agriculture &Technology
Bhubaneswar, India
Anath Bandhu DasDepartment of AgriculturalBiotechnology
Orissa University of Agriculture &Technology
Bhubaneswar, India
ISBN 978-81-322-0806-8 ISBN 978-81-322-0807-5 (eBook)DOI 10.1007/978-81-322-0807-5Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2013931656
# Springer India 2013This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole orpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse ofillustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way,and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software,or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from thislegal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or materialsupplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, forexclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof ispermitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in itscurrent version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions foruse may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liableto prosecution under the respective Copyright Law.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in thispublication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names areexempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date ofpublication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legalresponsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty,express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
Printed on acid-free paper
Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
Department of Life Earth and Environmental Sciences
West Texas A&M University
Canyon, Texas 79015
Dr. Arun Ghosh Ph.D., MAAAAI Texas, USA
Professor of Biology July 30, 2012
Department of Life, Earth and
Environmental Sciences, Canyon,
Texas 79015, USA
I am glad to foreword Molecular Stress Physiology of Plants, a book edited
by Dr. G. R. Rout, Professor, and Dr. A. B. Das, Associate Professor,
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Orissa
University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India. This book
is divided in various chapters focusing on the effect of abiotic and biotic
stresses exerted on plants’ growth and its mechanism. Molecular Stress
Physiology of Plants covers abiotic stresses like light, temperature, salinity,
drought, heavy metals, osmotic, and submergence. The effect of growth
regulators on plants’ growth and molecular mechanisms including photo-
synthetic machinery has also been widely discussed. This is a much-needed
book in this area that covers the topics that are essential to understand the
molecular mechanisms that controls the stress physiology of plants. With the
declining mangrove populations in the world, the aspects of salt stress genes
in mangroves and molecular mechanism of salt tolerance and measurement
of chlorophyll fluorescence are the essential topics to evaluate the declining
plant populations. Biochemical and physiological adaptations in some halo-
phytes are well documented in these chapters. Measurement of drought and
high temperature stress signal in crop plants and its application is well
discussed and can be correlated with the other aspects of stress physiology
among angiosperm populations all over the world. The use of isothermal
v
calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy to study plant abiotic and biotic stress
was unique and added a novel flavor in the reviewed chapter. Crop physiol-
ogists would be delighted to read the discussion on the physiology of
reproductive stage and abiotic stress tolerance in cereals. Marker-assisted
breeding for stress resistance in crops has depicted a novel strategy for crop
improvement. The chapters also cover the approach with proteomics to
understand the stress tolerance in plants and the role of calcium-mediated
CBI-CIPK network in plants’ mineral nutrition and abiotic stress that pro-
vides high impact on plant growth and metabolism. This book will help
expand knowledge of stress physiology and improve understanding the
mechanism involved. This book will be worth reading for students and
researchers in plant physiology and plant biology.
Nabarun Ghosh Ph.D.
Office: ANS, Room #340
West Texas A&M University
PO Box 60808, Canyon
Texas 79016-0001 USA
Phones: (806) 651-2571 (Office)
(806) 651-3870 (Molecular Biology Lab)
Fax: (806) 651-2928
E-mail: [email protected]
vi Foreword
Preface
Progressive and sustainable rise in food grain production is essential for the
country to maintain the level of nutrient supply. Growing population in both
developing and developed countries already has alarmed to increased food
grain production. Global climate changes exert multiple biotic and abiotic
stresses which limit the crop production. The productivity of major staple
food crops has reached to a plateau. There is very little scope to increase crop
production area too. Abiotic stresses like drought, cold, salinity, and temper-
ature are more emphasized with regard to crop productivity. Heavy metal
stress creates the loss of crop production. Biotic stress also deals with the
decrease in crop production. The soil reclamation is a costly affair, and it is
temporary. Development of crop genotypes tolerant/resistant to the adverse
conditions is the only alternative of such a problem. To develop tolerant/
resistant genotypes, the plant breeder or plant biotechnologist should have
keen knowledge regarding the injury and tolerance mechanisms in plant for
specific stress and plant systems to identify the nature of abiotic stress,
breeding methods, and modern biotechnological approaches. This book
highlighted 17 invited chapters including various stresses like salt, drought,
metal, osmotic, oxidative, submergence, temperature, chemical, hormonal,
radiation, cold, and nutrient imbalance and its molecular mechanism, and
stress mechanism in proteomic approaches. Emphases have been given to
include latest development in the field of abiotic stresses with appropriate
citations and application. Apart from this, the book also contains molecular
mechanism of stress resistance of photosynthetic machinery, PS II fluores-
cence techniques for measurement of drought and high temperature stress
signal in crop plants, isothermal calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy to
study response of plants to abiotic and biotic stress, marker-assisted breeding
for stress resistance in crop plants, physiology of reproductive abiotic stress
tolerances in cereals, role of calcium-mediated CBL-CIPK network in plant
mineral nutrition and abiotic stress, and DNA methylation-associated epige-
netic changes in stress tolerance of plants. We hope that this book will help
the students, researchers, teachers, and plant scientists in the field of basic
and applied aspects of agriculture and botany.
We are extremely grateful to the contributors, specialist in the subject
and also reviewers for their kind support in time. We are also thankful to all
of our teachers for constant encouragement and support in promoting the
vii
development of this book on Molecular Stress Physiology of Plants. We are
thankful to Prof. Prasanna Mohanty, Eminent Plant Physiologist and
ex-Dean, School of Life Sciences, JNU and INSA, Sr. Scientist, for the
constant encouragement.
Bhubaneswar Gyana Ranjan Rout
Anath Bandhu Das
viii Preface
About the Editors
Professor Gyana Ranjan Rout is the Head of Department of Agricultural
Biotechnology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhuba-
neswar, India. Professor Rout has worked in various aspects of plant sciences
for over 25 years. He has made significant contributions in the field of plant
improvement and propagation of various plant species, heavy metal toxicity
and its tolerant mechanism, reclamation of mine through phytoremediation,
and DNA fingerprinting. Professor Rout was elected as a Fellow of National
Academy of Sciences, India (FNASc), in 1999 in the field of plant biotech-
nology and molecular biology. He was awarded Samanta Chandra Sekhar
Award in 2005 honored by Orissa Bigyan Academy, Govt. of Odisha, for
contributions to Life Sciences. Professor Rout was recipient of British
Council fellowship, UK; BOYSCAST fellowship by DST, Govt. of India,
FAO/IAEA/BADA fellowship, Belgium and DBT Overseas fellowship by
Govt. of India. Professor Rout has 25 years of research and teaching experi-
ence in the field of plant biotechnology and heavy metal stress mechanism.
He has published 175 research papers and 16 review chapters published
in national and international peer-reviewed journals and 20 book chapters
in contributory volumes. He has also been a principal investigator of
10 major research projects funded by ICAR, DBT, and NMPB.
ix
Dr. Anath Bandhu is an Associate Professor in the Department of Agricultural
Biotechnology, Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar,
Orissa, India. Dr. Das has worked assiduously in various aspects of plant
sciences for over 26 years. He has made significant contributions in the field
of cytotaxonomy, cytometry, DNA fingerprinting, and molecular physiology
in various groups of medicinal plants, mangroves, cacti, orchids, and sweet
gourd. He has reported for the first time chromosome number, karyotype, and
genome size in ~350 species of angiosperms, especially on Indian mangroves
that underpinned mining of de novo genomic diversity in diploids and
polyploids. Molecular phylogeny of mangroves using various DNA markers
resolved many discrepancies in taxonomic classifications. He is also working
in molecular basis of high salt adaptation of secretor and nonsecretor man-
groves to find out salt stress-resistant gene. His work on salt stress on
mangroves has generated interest to study these fascinating processes of
molecular physiology in other laboratories as evidenced by extensive citation
of his work. He has published more than 150 research papers in international
journals, 2 books, 10 book chapters, and 10 review articles. Dr. Das is
honored with Hira Lal Chakravarty Award of ISCA and Samanta Chandra
Sekhar Award by Orissa Bigyan Academy and recipient of DBT Overseas
and National Associateships, Govt. of India; RI-LAT Fellowship (UK);
and MIF Fellowship (Japan).
x About the Editors
About the Book
Book Title: Molecular Stress Physiology of Plants
Crop growth and production is dependent on various climatic factors. Both
abiotic and biotic stresses have become an integral part of plant growth and
development. There are several factors involved in plant stress mechanism.
The information in the area of plant growth and molecular mechanism
against abiotic and biotic stresses is scattered. The up-to-date information
with cited references is provided in this book in an organized way. More
emphasis has been given to elaborate the injury and tolerance mechanisms
and growth behavior in plants against abiotic and biotic stresses. This book
also deals with abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants, molecular mech-
anism of stress resistance of the photosynthetic machinery, stress tolerance in
plants (special reference to salt stress – a biochemical and physiological
adaptation of some Indian halophytes), PSII fluorescence techniques for
measurement of drought and high temperature stress signal in crop plants
(protocols and applications), salicylic acid (role in plant physiology and
stress tolerance), salinity induced genes and molecular basis of salt tolerance
mechanism in mangroves, reproductive stage abiotic stress tolerance in
cereals, calorimetry and Raman spectrometry to study response of plant to
biotic and abiotic stresses, molecular physiology of osmotic stress in plants
and mechanisms, functions and toxicity of heavy metals stress in plants,
submergence stress tolerance in plants and adoptive mechanism, Brassinos-
teroid modulated stress responses under temperature stress, stress tolerance
in plants (a proteomics approach), Marker-assisted breeding for stress resis-
tance in crop plants, DNA methylation associated epigenetic changes in
stress tolerance of plants and role of calcium-mediated CBL-CIPK network
in plant mineral nutrition and abiotic stress. Each chapter has been laid out
with an introduction, up-to-date literature, possible stress mechanism and
applications. Under abiotic stress, plants produce a large quantity of free
radicals, which have been elaborated. We hope that this book will be of
greater use for post-graduate students, researchers, physiologists and bio-
technologists to sustain plant growth and development.
xi
Contents
1 Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance in Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Susana Redondo-Gomez
2 Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Resistance
of Photosynthetic Machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Vladimir D. Kreslavski, Anna A. Zorina, Dmitry A. Los,
Irina R. Fomina, and Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
3 Salinity-Induced Genes and Molecular Basis
of Salt-Tolerant Strategies in Mangroves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Anath Bandhu Das and Reto J. Strasser
4 PSII Fluorescence Techniques for Measurement
of Drought and High Temperature Stress Signal
in Crop Plants: Protocols and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Marian Brestic and Marek Zivcak
5 Salt Tolerance in Cereals: Molecular Mechanisms
and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Allah Ditta
6 Salt Stress: A Biochemical and Physiological Adaptation
of Some Indian Halophytes of Sundarbans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Nirjhar Dasgupta, Paramita Nandy, and Sauren Das
7 Molecular Physiology of Osmotic Stress in Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Hrishikesh Upadhyaya, Lingaraj Sahoo, and Sanjib Kumar Panda
8 The Physiology of Reproductive-Stage Abiotic Stress
Tolerance in Cereals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Rudy Dolferus, Nicola Powell, Xuemei JI, Rudabe Ravash,
Jane Edlington, Sandra Oliver, Joost Van Dongen, and
Behrouz Shiran
9 Salicylic Acid: Role in Plant Physiology
and Stress Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Gopal K. Sahu
10 Role of Calcium-Mediated CBL–CIPK Network
in Plant Mineral Nutrition and Abiotic Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Indu Tokas, Amita Pandey, and Girdhar K. Pandey
xiii
11 Isothermal Calorimetry and Raman Spectroscopy to Study
Response of Plants to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Andrzej Skoczowski and Magdalena Troc
12 Mechanism of Plant Tolerance in Response
to Heavy Metals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Jot Sharma and Nivedita Chakraverty
13 Brassinosteroids: Biosynthesis and Role in Growth,
Development, and Thermotolerance Responses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Geetika Sirhindi
14 Submergence Stress: Responses and adaptations
in crop plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Chinmay Pradhan and Monalisa Mohanty
15 Stress Tolerance in Plants: A Proteomics Approach . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Gyana Ranjan Rout and Sunil Kumar Senapati
16 Marker-Assisted Breeding for Stress Resistance
in Crop Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Jogeswar Panigrahi, Ramya Ranjan Mishra, Alok Ranjan Sahu,
Sobha Chandra Rath, and Chitta Ranjan Kole
17 DNA Methylation-Associated Epigenetic Changes
in Stress Tolerance of Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
Mahmoud W. Yaish
xiv Contents
Contributors
Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian
Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow,
Russia
Marian Brestic Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of
Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
Nivedita Chakravarty Bimr College of Professional Studies, Gwalior,
Madhya Pradesh, India
Anath Bandhu Das Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Orissa
University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Sauren Das Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical
Institute, Kolkata, India
Nirjhar Dasgupta Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian
Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
Allah Ditta Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of
Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Rudy Dolferus CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Jane Edlington CSIRO, division of Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT,
Australia
Irina R. Fomina Biosphere Systems International Foundation, Tucson,
Arizona, USA
Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
Xuemei JI CSIRO, division of Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Chitta Ranjan Kole Institute of Nutraceutical Research, Clemson University,
Clemson, SC, USA
Vladimir D. Kreslavski Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian
Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
xv
Dmitry A. Los Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, Russia
Ramya Ranjan Mishra Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Life
Sciences, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
Monalisa Mohanty Laboratory of Environmental Physiology and
Biochemistry, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Paramita Nandy Department of Botany, Barasat Government College,
Kolkata, India
Sandra Oliver CSIRO, division of Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT,
Australia
Sanjib Kumar Panda Plant Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory,
Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar,
India
Amita Pandey Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi
South Campus, New Delhi, India
Girdhar K. Pandey Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of
Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
Jogeswar Panigrahi Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Life
Sciences, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
Nicola Powell CSIRO, division of Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Chinmay Pradhan Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Post Graduate
Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Sobha Chandra Rath Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Life
Sciences, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
Rudabe Ravash Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord,
Iran
Susana Redondo-Gomez Departamento de Biologıa Vegetal y Ecologıa,
Facultad de Biologıa, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
Gyana Ranjan Rout Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Orissa
University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Lingaraj Sahoo Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Tech-
nology Guwahati, Gauhati, India
Alok Ranjan Sahu Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Life
Sciences, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
Gopal K. Sahu School of Life Sciences, MATS University, Raipur, India
Sunil Kumar Senapati Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas
Viswa Vidhalaya, Bilaspur, Chatisgarh, India
xvi Contributors
Jot Sharma Bimr College of Professional Studies, Gwalior, Madhya
Pradesh, India
Behrouz Shiran Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord,
Iran
Geetika Sirhindi Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala,
Punjab, India
Andrzej Skoczowski Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology,
Pedagogical University of Cracow, Cracow, Poland
Reto J. Strasser Bioenergetics Laboratory, University of Geneva, JUSSY-
Geneva, Switzerland
Indu Tokas Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi
South Campus, New Delhi, India
Magdalena Troc The Franciszek Gorski Institute of Plant Physiology,
Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
Hrishikesh Upadhyaya Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Karim-
ganj College, Karimganj, Assam, India
Joost Van Dongen Max Planck Institute, division of Molecular Plant Phys-
iology, Golm, Germany
Mahmoud W. Yaish Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan
Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
Marek Zivcak Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of
Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
Anna A. Zorina Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Contributors xvii
