Ms. Pia

Imperialism in India

Imperialism

The Process of one people ruling or controlling another

Do Now:Why would

countries In Europe want to go to Asia and Africa to conquer land?

Check for understanding Why did Europeans want to rule Africa? What did Europeans think about imperial

ism? What did Africans think about imperialis

m? How did the Industrial Revolution lead to

imperialism? List at least 2 things that h appened during the Industrial Revolutio

n that led to imperialism.

How was it possible for European countries to take over?

1. New Technologies like:

- Better weapons-African and Asian

weapon makers couldn’t compete

2. Weakening Empires in -India-China

Because these empires were weak, European armies could just walk in and take over.

How was it possible for European How was it possible for European countries to take over?countries to take over?

Empire:1 . a group o

f countries u nder the rule

of a single p erson or sov ereign state

British Empire in 1897

TodayWe’ll talk about

India!

British East India CompanyA. First Imperialism

in India was NOT done by British government!

Imperialism in India started with a trading company

The British East India Company:

The company was started to control trade between Britain, India, and East Asia.

VERY POWERFUL!

II. A Little Background History of India

Mughal Empire (government in India) broke apart into small states in the mid-1700s with one ruler for each state.

A. What did the British do about this?

i. They told each ruler that they should have British support to keep their throne and power.

What did the British do about this?ii. British convinced Indian rulers of

different states to compete with each other and not work together. Created chaos and disorganization between states.

What did the British do about this?iii. Britain could just come in with armies

and take over with the “excuse” of “helping” to bring order to India.

Britain was the Mother Country to “help raise” the child: India

Really the British were one of the biggest causes of the chaos!

III. How did the British East India Company change India?

1. New Education system

Teach English

How did the British East India Company change India?

2. New Laws: banned some customs like “Sati”- widows killing themselves by jumping into their husband’s funeral fire.

What do you think?Should the British have made a law against

a custom like “sati”?

How did the British East India Company change India?

3. Religion: Christian Missionaries came to spread their beliefs in India.

IV. How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?

What do you think?

How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?

A. Some felt that the British were destroying their society.

http://www.psywarrior.com/India6AxisProp.jpg

How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?

So what did the upset Indians do?

How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?

1. The Sepoy Mutiny 1857

http://www.worldproutassembly.org/images/daly_sepoy_mutiny_1857.jpg

How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?

Sepoy: Indian soldiers who fought in the British army

How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?

What happened?British didn’t

respect Hindu or Muslim culture

According to Hindu and Muslim religion there are rules about eating Pork or Beef

But the new British guns required soldiers to bite ammunition capsules greased with pork and beef fat.

ii. What did the Sepoys do?The refused to use the British guns

because it was against their religion

They were punished

Others heard and were furious!Started a revolt and fought the British army

(that they used to fight FOR)

Brutal: Some even killed British women and children

British equally mean-some British soldiers strapped Indians to

cannons so they couldn’t easily escape and then shot them.

AlsoVillages that were thought to be helping

the Sepoys were completely burned down.

2 YEARS OF FIGHTING!

iii. ResultsThe British didn’t

want any more conflict so they took the British East India Company OUT of India

iii. ResultsBritish

GOVERNMENT began to rule India directly.

But the Indians still didn’t trust the British

India=Britains most important colonyCalled the Jewel in

the crown

Do NowWrite three

things that you remember about India from last week.

Why was India so important to Britain?Political Rewards Financial Rewards (Make money by selling

in India AND by getting goods from India to trade)

National Pride (I’m so awesome I can take over India!)

BUT for the Indians, British rule was:

FrustratingHumiliatingLed to Nationalism: Pride in one’s own country

(Indians began to take more pride in their own “Indian” culture) Wanted to defend their own culture.

How did the British Rule?ICS:(Indian Civil Service) Government

agency that ran India.Mostly British peopleMade educated Indians frustrated because

they wanted a say in their own government!

How did British Officials feel?Thought they were

better than the Indians

Racist

Bugs Bunny outwits a rabbit hunter.

How did British Officials feel?They lived in

separate neighborhoods and belonged to private clubs away from Indians

How did British Officials feel?Said they were

doing good.They improved

Indians’ lives

Changes in India that were “good”

English spreadNew

Government helped “organize” India

New Educational system (British=better)

Transportation (railroad) and built roads

British built: Dams, and hospitals

RailroadBritish built a HUGE network of railroads to

help move troops and products. By 1910 4th biggest railroad network IN THE

WORLD!

Why Bad for Indian businessBritain could make cloth cheaper because

of the Industrial Revolution and Indian cloth makers made cloth by hand. They couldn’t compete.

NationalismLove of your own

country

Rise of Indian NationalismMany Indians were upset about the

changes that were made to their country by the British.

Middle class educated Indians were upset because they weren’t participating in government.

Rise of Indian NationalismBecause Indians

were inspired to fight for rights that the BRITISH had.

They learned about rights FROM the people who were taking their rights away!

Magna Carta-Peoples’ rights in Britain

Rise of Indian NationalismIndians wanted rights like:Freedom of SpeechFreedom of ReligionRepresentation in government

How did the Indians fight for their rights

Organized the first Indian Nationalist Organization: Indian National Congress (1885)

Set up by English speaking

Mostly Hindus

How did the Indians fight for their rights

Peaceful at firstBut later became

more extremeSawadeshi:

boycott (don’t buy) British goods.

How did the Indians fight for their rightsIndian people only bought Indian things

and only wore Indian clothesSome attacked British officials (and were

punished)

It worked!......sort ofThe British agreed to some things like:

increasing the number of Indians in government but most were Hindu.

Muslim League formed (1906)Most leaders in the

INC (Indian National Congress) were Hindu. Muslims wanted to have a say in government too.

In October 1899, this advertisement appeared in McClure's Magazine to persuade readers that purchasing Pears' Soap would lighten the White Man's Burden by "teaching the virtues of cleanliness." The advertisement shows Admiral George Dewey washing his hands, ships in the background, and the scene of a missionary handing soap to a native.

Promotes cleanliness as a justification for racist imperialism

White Man’s BurdenWhat is the White

Man’s Burden?

Imperialism era idea that it is the responsibility of the imperial power (the white man) to “civilize” the colonized people by giving them western culture.

Exit slip:Before you leave answer the following

question to turn in before the end of class:

How did the British feel about the Indian people? How did the British treat the Indian people? Why?

What questions do you have about Imperialism in India? Is there anything you are confused about?

Key Terms Define the following terms: Indian National Congress Boycott Empire Imperialism Control Mother Country Conquer Christianity Racism Culture Resources Trade Invade