Mussolini and Stalin

Agenda

1. Bell Ringer: What’s the purpose of the Nuremburg Laws? (5)2. Lecture: Mussolini and Stalin, Interwar Period (20)3. Great Purge Video Clip (10)4. Propaganda and Source Documentation

Germany- (10)Soviet Union- (10)Italy- (10)

5. A new dictator? Vladimir Putin and Russia. (5)6. Compare and Contrast Mussolini and Stalin

Definition of Fascism

• Fascism was a revolution against the “liberal government”

• Authoritarianism, militarism, and a one-ruler philosophy dominated this governmental structure.

Italy• Fascism becomes popular

in 1920 after humiliation in the war.

• “Strong in Unity”• Mussolini and Blackshirts

attempt to take the government by force in 1922.

• Fascists win victory through intimidation and violence.

Il Duce

• Mussolini ruled with violence and repression.

• Newspapers were censored.

• Dissenters were murdered openly.

• “Duce” = Leader• Believe, Obey, Fight!

Attacking Ethiopia

• Italy wanted a resurgence of the classical Roman Empire.

• They attacked and took control of Ethiopia, other countries condemned their actions.– Imperialism and the

Scramble for Africa was done by 1900, this attack was seen as atrocious.

Stalin• Emerges after the death

of Lenin in 1924.• Dictatorship grows

through deporting dissenters like Trotsky and literally erasing them from history.

• Five-Year plans dominate after 1928.

• Only country not affected by the Depression

Five Year Plans• 5 Year, Agriculture –

– Collective Agriculture.– Agriculture prices fell

because of overproduction, and farmers withheld goods

• 5 Year, Industry– 1500 new factories

constructed for automobile and tractor manufacture.

– Food and items rationed depending on help.

The Great Purge• Removal of old Bolsheviks

from Communist Party.• All claimed to be “enemies

of the state” and either forced into labor camps or executed.

• Confessions were forced through torture.

• Minorities executed.• Stalin killed to strike fear in

Civilians, fear=order and no political dissidents.

Propaganda and Censorship

• Information censored through the GLAVLIT.

• Anything anti-political, or may present a security risk.

• Anything that is negative towards Soviet government or describes living conditions.

• http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/vladimir-putin-his-many-feats-of-strength/2012/09/05/f7281be2-f7a7-11e1-8b93-c4f4ab1c8d13_gallery.html#item17

Compare and Contrast

• Compare and Contrast Stalin and Mussolini. How are they similar? Different? Look at the following factors– Leadership– Gaining Power– Type of Government– Did they have to bring a country out of

Depression?

Quick Review

1. What are the Nuremburg Laws?2. How does Hitler take power in 1932?3. What is hyperinflation? 4. How does the Great Depression affect

Germany?