Nemo Server Manual Mar11 v1

Nemo Server Guide

© 2010 by Anite Finland Ltd. All rights reserved.

This manual, as well as the software described in it, is furnished under license and may only be used

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Revision 5.40.02, Last edited March 2011

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 5DATA TESTING 5

AUDIO TESTING 5

INSTALLATION 6Step 1: Installing the server 6

Step 2: Booting the server 7

Step 3: Opening terminal 8

Step 4: Change the superuser password 8

Step 5: Configure LAN (optional) 9

Step 6: Configure WAN (optional) 11

Step 7: Restart configured network interfaces 11

Step 8: Configure Samba workgroup (optional) 11

Step 9: Determining server’s IP addresses (optional) 12

Step 10: Calibration (Audiotest PSTN Openline4 only) 12

Step 11: Busy-tone wizard (Audiotest PSTN only, mandatory) 13

Step 12: Determining gain settings (Audiotest only, optional)13

NEMO SERVER MANAGER 16

Voice Quality monitor 16

TCP/IP monitor 17

Log monitor 18

NSM menu 19

Settings menu 21

NEMO FILE MANAGER 25

ADMINISTRATION 27Samba/Windows file sharing 27

VNC and Remote Desktop 27

DATA-TESTING 29WWW 29

FTP 29

E-Mail 29

RTSP 30

IPERF 31

APPENDICES 32Server users and passwords 32

Measurement Guidelines 32

The server’s main WWW page 35

PPPOE Instructions 35

Manual configuration 36

Step 5: Configure LAN (optional) 36

Step 6: Configure WAN (optional) 37

Step 7: Restart configured network interfaces 38

Updating Instructions 38

APPENDIX 1 40NEMO SERVER AUDIO OPTION (VOICE QUALITY) 40

NEMO SERVER DATA TEST OPTION 41

NEMO SERVER AUDIO& DATA TEST OPTION 41

APPENDIX 2 43NEMO SERVER NETWORKING 43

Static Public Address 43

Dynamic NAT 45

Debugging 45

INDEX 47

INTRODUCTION

This chapter describes procedures for Nemo Server on-site installation and calibration. The server

must be at the final installation location at the customer’s premises.

DATA TESTING

For smooth operation, i.e. measurement file collection, server controlling, it is recommended that the

server is connected to LAN (at least the LAN cable must be connected for the VQ-service to work),

and if the server is to be used as a data-testing and/or field measurement file hub with Nemo Outdoor,

Q, Handy or Autonomous, an external Internet connection is required additionally.

Note that the server is properly firewalled and will not route network traffic between the LAN

and WAN interfaces.

AUDIO TESTING

If the server has one or more Audiotest options, dedicated fixed line(s) must be available, as the line

level adjustments are made using these lines. Use only included cables but if they are not long

enough, any other high-quality phone cable can be used as long as all of the cables are identical. If

the server is moved, or lines or cables changed later, electrical properties of the new lines are

probably different from the earlier ones, and calibration has to be redone. Test all fixed lines by

connecting an analogue phone to the line and making a test call to it with a mobile phone. Remember

to check that audio goes through in both directions.

Checklist:

The server is at the final location at the customer’s premises.

There is at least one working fixed line available.

At least one fixed-line phone number is known.

The fixed line is reserved for VQ testing and will be used with the server.

All fixed line cables are identical.

All fixed lines are tested with phone.

Primary rate ISDN E1 connection is active with parameters: CCS, HDB3 and NCRC4

NOTE: Do not update the server operating system! Kernel updating will most probably

cease the operation of the Nemo Server applications. Instead, you should wait for a server

update from Anite.

NOTE: Do not change any system regional settings except the time-zone. The server has to

be rebooted after time-zone is changed.

NOTE: It is no longer required to restart the voiceqd service after settings are changed.

Instead, the voiceqd service detects configuration changes after 10s maximum, and reloads

configurations on the fly. Configuration changes may affect ongoing test calls if, e.g., call

duration is changed. However, test sample changes will become active from the next test

call on.

4

INSTALLATION

Step 1: Installing the server

Please refer to the enclosed Dell server installation documents for how to set up the power, keyboard,

mouse and display.

Before connecting the power cable, make sure that the voltage selector of server power is

set according to local mains voltage. By default it is set to 230VAC. Do not connect the

server to the Internet at this time – only connect the LAN interface cable.

Depending on the installed Audiotest options, the server has 0 or 4 or 8 analogue Loop Start (FXO)

RJ-11 ports for connecting with POTS (PSTN) lines, or one RJ45 port for connecting with the ISDN-

PRI E1 line.

Dell SC440 server with Openline4

Connect fixed lines to the RJ-11 connectors which are located on the rear side of the server. There is

no need to configure the number of each line as it does not matter which line goes to which port

unless the call back feature is used – in this case keep track with which line number goes to which

port. Line 0 is port 0 of the upper card and line 4 is port 0 of the lower card and so on. Remember to

use identical cables with all lines.

Dell T100 server with OpenPCI

In this configuration the T100 server is delivered with one or two splitter boxes. The splitter box

connects to the OpenPCI cards via the RJ45 socket. One splitter box converts one RJ45 socket to four

RJ11 sockets.

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Dell T100 server with OpenPRI

In this configuration the T100 server is delivered with OpenPRI ISDN-PRI card that has one RJ45

connector. Connect the port to E1 interface with proper cable supplied by the telco provider. Note that

only E1 interface with CCS signalling is supported with parameters NCRC4 and HDB3. Maximum

number of timeslots usable for VQ-tests is limited to 10 due to processing power limitations.

Standard E1 pinout for RJ45 jack: pins 1-2: RX- RX+ and pins 4-5: TX- TX+

Dell T110 server with OpenPCIe or OpenPRIe

In this configuration the T110 server is delivered either with OpenPCIe or OpenPRIe PCI-Express

card. Both cards should be installed to the lowest PCI-E 1x slot. Otherwise the same instructions apply

than with T100 above.

Step 2: Booting the server

Switch on the server and wait until the Logon prompt appears.

Log on as root (the superuser on Linux systems):

Username: root

Password:

Server 2.0.1: 6yV-1pSc

Server 2.1.0 and later: -2eF6aX7

After the logon has completed, the Fedora 8 (server 2.4.0 and earlier) or Fedora 12 (server 3.0.0 and

later) desktop appears.

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Step 3: Opening terminalSelect the Terminal / Command Line icon from the bottom row: The following prompt refers to console commands from now on:

[root@nemoserver root]#

Step 4: Change the superuser password

This step is required only if the server is to be connected to the Internet.

The superuser is called root in Linux. The superuser password can be changed with the passwd

command:

[root@nemoserver root]# passwdChanging password for user root.New UNIX password:Retype new UNIX password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

Create a new password according to the following guidelines:

Do not use common words or names

The password must be least 8 characters long

The password should have upper and lower case characters, numbers, and special characters

The following is an example of a valid password (do not use this, as it is the default password for

server 2.0.1 and earlier versions):

6yV-1pSc

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Write the password down and keep it in a safe and secure place! There is no easy way to

retrieve it if it gets lost. In addition, after the root password has been changed, the server’s

superuser account can only be accessed locally or from the Internet with the password.

Please note that Anite Finland cannot guarantee absolute safety when the server is

connected to the Internet since the server has active, public services such as FTP, WWW,

POP3, SMTP, RTSP, Iperf and VNC that can be or become vulnerable. However, the server

has properly configured a firewall that should prevent all common intrusions.

Step 5: Configure LAN (optional)It is possible to edit network startup scripts directly by using the vi-editor as described in the Manual configuration appendix, or interfaces can be configured from the Network settings system dialog that

can be opened by first starting NSM2 by clicking on the NSM2 icon on the desktop, and further selecting Settings | Network Configuration in the Nemo Server Manager menu.

This step is required only if the server is to be connected to a company LAN.

Connecting the server to LAN has some great advantages. For example, the server files can be

accessed easily by using Windows file sharing (Samba service in Linux), and it can be used remotely

by using VNC (http://www.realvnc.com/ ). In addition, all external services such as SSH and FTP can

naturally be accessed also from the LAN side.

If not already connected, connect a network cable to the main board RJ-45 connector that is located

near the display connector, and is away from the other network connectors, and labeled with LAN.

Connect the other end to a company LAN switch.

In Fedora 8, or Linux generally taken, network interfaces are named as eth0, eth1, etc. so that the last

number is different for each interface. The following interfaces are installed by default: lo, eth0, eth1,

eth2, eth3, eth4. Additionally, the server may have eth5-eth8.

Interface Configuration Description

lo ifcfg-lo Loop-back interface for local IP traffic

Eth0 ifcfg-eth0 LAN interface, VNC and Samba enabled

eth1 ifcfg-eth1 First WAN interface, Catra streaming service binds

to this interface

eth2 ifcfg-eth2 Second WAN interface

eth3 ifcfg-eth3 Third WAN interface

eth4 ifcfg-eth4 Fourth WAN interface

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http://www.realvnc.com/

Go to Settings | Network Configuration in the Nemo Server Manager menu. The following dialog

opens.

Select an interface to be configured, and click on Edit. The following dialog appears.

Select Automatic (DHCP) or Static configuration. With Static configuration it is advised you write down

the network settings as obtained from ISP. Press OK when ready.

The example picture shows a static configuration for eth0 (LAN).

If there is need to configure DNS, select the DNS tab and write down the domain name server

address(es).

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Step 6: Configure WAN (optional)

This step is required only if the server is to be connected to the Internet and if the WAN interface uses

a static IP address. By default, all WAN interfaces are configured to use dynamic (DHCP) IP

addresses. In case PPPOE connection is used, see PPPOE Instructions in the APPENDICES at the

end of this manual for more information.

Note that it is recommended to use a static IP address on the WAN side so that there is no need to

change the IP address into measurement unit configurations in case of possible later changes to it.

See the previous step for how to open the network settings, and then select the WAN interface to be

configured: eth1, eth2, eth3 or eth4 (or eth5-eth8).

Step 7: Restart configured network interfaces

If the network interface settings were changed, it is required to restart those interfaces to activate them

in order for the changes to become active. It is also time to connect the WAN interface network cables.

Repeat this procedure with every changed interface.

Select network interface in the Network Configuration dialog, and click on Deactivate, then Activate.

Sometimes, especially if gateway settings are changed, it is required to restart the whole network

system. In this case it is noticed when network settings are saved. Open the terminal and type in the

following command:

[root@nemoserver root]# service network restart

All interfaces will be shut down, after which they are restarted with new settings.

Step 8: Configure Samba workgroup (optional)

The Samba service is responsible for Windows network file/folder sharing.

The server’s Samba service is preconfigured to use the following workgroup name: NEMOTEST. This

should be changed so that it matches with the local network’s workgroup - otherwise the server’s

shares will not appear on workstations.

If the workgroup name needs to be changed, give the following commands:

1. First, open the Samba configuration with vi-editor:

[root@nemoserver root]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf

2. Press Esc I to set the vi editor to insert mode.

Search the line that reads workgroup:

workgroup = NEMOTEST

3. Replace NEMOTEST with the correct workgroup name. Remember to use upper-case letters.

4. Find a line that reads:

hosts allow = 192.168. 127. 10.

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In case your LAN uses a different subnet than the one defined above, add your subnet at the

end of the line. For example, if your LAN uses the 72.10.x.x network, add 72.10. to the end,

each subnet separated with a space character.

hosts allow = 192.168. 127. 10. 72.10.

5. Press Esc : x [enter] to save the configuration and to close the vi editor.

Next, restart the Samba service:

[root@nemoserver root]# service smb restart

Step 9: Determining server’s IP addresses (optional)

If the server is configured to use dynamic IP addresses (DHCP), it is required to check which

addresses the server retrieved in order to access the server by using its IP address, from LAN or

WAN.

If the server IP address is unknown (it was assigned automatically by DHCP), use the following

command to retrieve the address:

[root@nemoserver root]# ifconfig eth0eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11:25:57:37:3Binet addr:192.168.10.4 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 […]

The IP address is next to inet addr field, in this case 192.168.10.4.

Repeat the procedure for each interface from eth1 to eth4 to obtain the addresses. If the interface

does not have an assigned IP address, the inet addr field does not appear.

What is more, whenever the server reboots it may or may not get new IP addresses depending on the

network’s DHCP settings.

Step 10: Calibration (Audiotest PSTN Openline4 only)

Since fixed lines are analogue, their electrical properties vary greatly among different operators and

countries. Therefore the PSTN card’s electrical interface has to be adjusted to match the local

conditions.

However, this is required only with Openline4 card with the Dell SC440 server platform – with the

newer Dell T100/T110 and OpenPCI/OpenPCIe-card the user is only required to input country code to

NSM settings and the card then selects proper impedance settings based on the international country

code (ICC).

Dell SC440 server

Line calibration is done by determining three values for a card’s hybrid balance registers. These

values assign the interface impedances so that the impedances of the card and the line are as close to

each other as possible.

Be sure that all used phone cables are identical – otherwise the electric properties of the lines are not

identical and the balance values obtained for one test line do not necessarily work with other lines.

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The Nemo Server Manager has a calibration wizard which performs the calibration but requires the

user to call one of the connected fixed lines.

Select menu Settings | PSTN-Line Calibration and follow the onscreen instructions.

The calibration process takes some 15 minutes to complete and involves a long test call to the server.

Dell T100 and T110 servers

Start NSM and select menu item Settings | VQD-Service Configuration. Set the CountryCode to

your international country code and press Save.

Step 11: Busy-tone wizard (Audiotest PSTN only, mandatory)

The PSTN line busy tone varies greatly among different operators and countries. Therefore the PSTN

card has to be tone-trained so that it can detect the situation when the line is disconnected by the

other end. Otherwise the server will keep the line open until the maximum call duration, by default 8

hours, is elapsed and it cannot be called again before that.

Start Nemo Server Manager and select menu item Settings | Busy-tone Wizard. Next, follow the

instructions. The busy-tone training involves a test call to the server.

This is not required with ISDN-PRI.

Step 12: Determining gain settings (Audiotest only, optional)

As the level of analogue PSTN lines may vary greatly in different places, it might be necessary that the

RX/TX gain settings be adjusted.

The server analogue lines have adjustable SW and HW gains for both input (RX) and output (TX)

direction. So there are a total of four gain values.

Note: VQ2 systems (VQ2/server, VQ2/audio module, VQ2/sound card) have automatic RX-level gain

adjustment in both ends so this step is generally not required. Just take care that the output gain of

server is not too high and terminal headset volume is at recommended level:

- 6630, 6680, N80 and similar terminals that have the Nokia Pop-port connector: Set

the terminal’s headset audio level to the minimum (it can be adjusted during a test

call).

- VQ2/audio module with N95 or other terminals that have the 2.5/3.5mm jack plug

audio connector: set the headset level to position 4.

- VQ2/sound card with N95 or other terminals that have the 2.5/3.5mm jack plug audio

connector: see details from VQ quick card and/or Nemo Outdoor manual.

If the default values do not work so that the server cannot synchronize during call tests, default values

may be required to be increased or decreased.

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Determining TX gains

These settings can be changed from the menu Settings | VQD-Service Configuration and their

default values are:

SwTxGain 0.0HwTxGain 6.0

Maximum values for both are 12.0.

Note that you should not exceed this limit!

If the server type is Dell SC440, change the settings immediately to these:

SwTxGain 3.0HwTxGain 10.0

The TX gain settings affect the signal amplitude at the mobile end.

So, if the mobile side is not getting high enough scores or synchronization, these may need to be

adjusted.

If the test sample speech sounds distorted when heard from the mobile end, lower both values by 1.0

and try again until the voice sounds OK (it takes max 10s from voiceqd-service to detect configuration

change). If the speech sounds too weak and scores are lower than expected, increase both gains by

1.0 until the voice is OK. Sometimes it is necessary to set the mobile end’s headset level a bit higher

than the minimum, for example to position 2 or 3.

After the synchronization has gone through well, it is possible to optimize the gain settings so that the

best scores are achieved at the mobile end.

The procedure goes as follows:

Make a two-minute-long measurement and estimate the average quality on the Nemo Outdoor

side.

Lower the SW TX gain setting by 1.0, restart the service and make a test call.

Measure with Nemo Outdoor and observe for a couple of minutes.

If the average quality is lower than earlier, increase the SW TX by 1.0 and go to position 5, if

better go to position 2.

Increase the HW TX gain setting by 1.0 and make a test call.

Measure with Nemo Outdoor and observe for a couple of minutes.

If the average quality is lower than earlier, set the HW TX gain to previous value and stop,

otherwise repeat from 5.

The idea is to minimize the SW gain and maximize the HW gain. The reason why the SW gain is

lowered and the HW gain increased is the fact that the SW gain does more harm to the signal than the

HW gain. However, if the HW gain is maxed out (12.0) already, increase the SW gain instead.

Determining RX gains

It is not normally required to adjust the input gains because the server adjusts the SW input gain

automatically. However, the autogain adjustment is limited to the ±4.0dB range from configured

SwRxGain.

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These settings can be changed from the Settings | VQD-Service Configuration menu and their

default values are:

SwRxGain 0.0HwRxGain 0.0

The maximum values for both are 12.0.

Note that you should not exceed this limit!

The minimum values are 0.0.

The RX gain settings affect the signal amplitude at the server end. If the server side is not getting high

enough sync power, these may need to be adjusted if autogain cannot compensate for signal

weakness.

Start the Nemo Server Manager. Make a test call from Nemo Outdoor and observe the MOS value

and the Sync power. In optimal conditions (flawless network), the MOS can be as high as 3.8-4.1, and

the Sync power should be over 4000. See the picture below.

Make several measurements and if gains need to be lowered, lower SW gain first, then HW gain. And

vice versa, if gains need to be raised, raise HW gain first and then SW gain.

The procedure goes as follows:

14

1. Make a two-minute-long measurement and observe the average Sync power from the server

side.

2. Lower the HW RX gain setting by 1.0 and make a test call.

3. Measure with the server and observe for a couple of minutes.

4. If the average sync power is lower than earlier, go to position 5, if better go to position 2.

5. Increase the HW RX gain setting by 1.0 and make a test call.

6. Measure with the server and observe for a couple of minutes.

7. If the average sync power is lower than earlier, set gains to previous values.

NEMO SERVER MANAGER

With the Nemo Server Manager it is possible to observe VQ MOS and data transfer rates and

connections in real time as well as to set all voice quality service settings.

The Nemo Server Manager can be started from the following taskbar icon:

Voice Quality monitor

With the VQ monitor it is possible to see the status of each PSTN line or ISDN timeslot together with

graphical MOS history instantly. It displays also the used test sample name, line- and remote numbers

and level of received sync signal.

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Note: While with PSTN a line always equals certain channel, instead with ISDN-PRI there are

timeslots that are allocated as calls come in. Therefore, an incoming call may appear in any timeslot

before the caller number is detected. After the caller number is detected, it is compared to all channels

and timeslot will be reassigned to a channel that has an open measurement file and has been called

earlier from the same number. Alternatively, if there is no open measurement file that matches caller

number, a channel that has identical callback number configured will be used.

If one wants to use certain settings like test sample for a certain caller number, the callback number

has to be configured even if callback is not actually used. Moreover, the caller number has to be

forced to be always visible from the test terminal settings, otherwise the channel assigning will not

work properly and all calls will create a new measurement file.

In short: Set all numbers that call the server into separate channel CallbackNumbers. If any

caller number is missing results will be un-expectable and system most probably won’t work

properly.

TCP/IP monitor

With the TCP/IP monitor it is possible to instantly see the status of all data connections established

with the server.

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Each line describes one inbound socket connection such as an FTP or a WWW test connection.

Displayed are uplink and downlink rates and total bytes, used protocol, and source/destination IP-

addresses and -ports. When a socket connection is closed, the line disappears after a while.

Log monitor

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With the VQD service log monitor it is possible to watch the operation of the voiceqd service in real

time. All log lines are displayed by default, and one can also filter out the information from some

channels to improve readability. In addition, it is possible to stop the updating.

NSM menuThe main menu of Nemo Server Manager looks as below.

The menu item Change ping IP Address: can be used for changing the external host IP that the

server pings once every ten seconds. This feature is useful in determining if the server’s Internet or

LAN connection is alive.

Enter an IP address of external host to be pinged and select Save. The status line at the bottom of the

main screen shows the result of a live ping:

The example shows that the ping check was successful with host nemo.planeetta.com, and that the

ping delay was 13.726ms.

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The menu item Export measurement files can be used to export server’s measurement files into

USB stick or into a local e-mail account. Measurement files will be packed into a single .zip file.

Source file directory

This defines the folder where the exporting function searches for measurement files. The number of

found files is displayed right below the setting. In this example there were no files.

Export target

This defines the target where measurement files will be exported. Available choices are E-mail and

/media/usbdisk. The latter choice becomes available only when there is an USB disk connected into

one USB ports of the server.

Local e-mail address

This setting is enabled only when the export target is set to E-mail. It defines the local e-mail account

where the measurement zip file will be sent. The zip file can later be fetched externally by using POP3

if the server is connected to the Internet. Note that the account must exist.

Automatic export

This setting disables or enables the automatic measurement file exporting once per daily, weekly or

monthly basis. The exporting happens during midnight at the selected interval.

Post-processing

This setting defines the action what to do for the source measurement files – choices are archive or

delete. The former archives (moves) exported files to another local folder, that is defined with setting

Archive to folder, and the latter deletes local source files every time exporting takes place.

When the settings are ready, press Export now and the found measurement files will zipped and

exported as configured. Note that the button is disabled if there are no found measurement files, as in

the example picture.

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Settings menuThis is the Settings menu of Nemo Server Manager:

The menu item PSTN Line Calibration can be used to calibrate the server with local analogue PSTN

lines. Select the menu item and follow the onscreen instructions. The calibration requires the user to

make a test call to the server number. Note also that the calibration requires that the VQ service is

stopped.

Voiceqd-service settings can be changed from the Nemo Server Manager by selecting menu Settings

| VQD-Service Configuration.

The Configuration dialog has two tabs: Global Parameters and Channel Parameters. The former

settings affect the service and all channels; the latter contains channel-specific settings.

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Global Parameters

ResultsDir default: /home/nemotest/results/

This setting is provided only for backward compatibility, and defined in Channel Parameters.

This is the directory where measurement files will be stored by default if no channel-specific

ResultsDir-setting is defined. Note that the directory must exist.

Each call generates a new file except if a new call arrives in 120 seconds after last disconnection, in

which case events of new call go to the earlier file.

ReceivedDir default: /home/nemotest/samples/

This setting is provided only for backward compatibility, and defined in Channel Parameters.

This is the directory where the received samples will be stored. Note that the directory must exist.

ReferenceSampleDir default: /usr/vqd/test_samples

This is the directory from where the service auto-loads reference test samples (max 9).

FileformatMode default: 1.88

The file format version that service writes to its measurement files.

SaveSamples default: OFF

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Enables or disables received sample saving globally for all channels.

SaveThreshold default: 4.5

This setting defines the sample saving threshold: only samples with lower score than the threshold will

be saved.

Latitude default: 64.932724

Longitude default: 25.384432

These are the server coordinates in decimal format for post-processing tools. These appear on every

measurement file line that the server generates. The coordinate validity is not checked at all!

SwTxGain default: 0.0

HwTxGain default: 6.0

SwRxGain default: 0.0

HwRxGain default: 0.0

These are the server’s default software and hardware gain settings. The maximum is 12.0, see

chapter Installation, Step 11 for details on how to determine these. Usually it is not required to adjust

these settings.

FileCloseTimeout default: 200

This setting determines the delay for how soon each channel’s measurement file will be closed if there

are no further incoming calls or callbacks to that line. The unit is displayed in seconds.

ForceSample default: none

This setting forces a certain test sample for all channels. Overrides channel-specific sample setting.

Note: It is highly recommended to use global sample forcing as the automatic sample detection

is not reliable in bad conditions.

MaxCallDuration default: 480

This setting determines the maximum duration that a test call can last in minutes. Due to certain

inaccuracies with analogue PSTN lines, the server’s PSTN card cannot determine whether the line is

closed or not with 100% accuracy. Sometimes, very rarely, the line may be left to a state that does not

give the busy tone to the server direction but is in fact disconnected. Therefore the server would keep

the line open indefinitely in this situation. This feature grants that the line will be closed after eight

hours at least to avoid server rebooting.

CountryCode default: 358

This setting defines the international country code (ICC) that is used by Dell T100/T110 servers and

OpenPCI/OpenPRI- and OpenPCIe/OpenPRIe-cards for line impedance determination. Not used by

the older Dell SC440 server.

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Channel Parameters

There are ten tabs, one for each channel. Note that if the server has only one PSTN card, only the

Ch0-3 settings are valid.

The Channel Parameters contains call-back call related settings that allow the server to make a call-

back call after each received call to make it possible to conduct alternating mobile

originating/terminating testing with two-directional voice quality. In addition, it contains settings that

allow the measurement results/samples to be written into a different folder for each channel.

Note that CallbackNumber is also used for caller-channel association in ISDN system.

Callback default: OFF

Enable or disable the callback for a channel. Channel numbers are assigned so that port0 of the upper

card is channel 0, and port0 of the lower card (if installed) is channel 4.

CallbackDelay delay_in_seconds

The time in seconds for how long the server waits from disconnection before it calls back.

CallbackDuration call_duration_in_seconds

The time in seconds for how long the call-back call lasts.

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CallbackNumber phone_number

The number to where the server initiates the call-back call from this channel. This number also

associates the caller number with certain channel in ISDN-PRI system.

LineNumber phone_number

The line's phone number – this is required if the uplink and downlink measurement files will be joined

in post-processing and it can be also used to remember which line number is connected to each port.

PlayMode default: OFF

If a channel is in this mode it will automatically answer a received call. It plays the configured sample

for the line until the caller ends the call. This mode is also used for Handy/Wanderer downlink-Pesq

testing: Set Playmode on and select some of available handy test samples to PlayModeSample.

PlayModeSample sample_name_with_absolute_path

This is a test sample that a channel plays for the line in PlayMode.

TestSample sample_name_with_absolute_path

If defined, this forces a channel to use a defined sample during voice quality testing. It does not affect

the PlayMode. Note: Because the automatic sample detection can be unreliable it is recommended to

set this to the used test sample to make testing more accurate or use the global ForceSample.

ResultsDir absolute_path

The folder where a channel’s measurement files will be created. Note that the directory must exist.

Each call generates a new file except if a new call arrives in 120 seconds after the last disconnection,

in which case events of a new call go to the earlier file.

ReceivedDir absolute_path

This is the folder where a channel’s received samples will be stored. Note that the directory must exist.

FilenamePrefix filename_prefix

This describes a filename prefix that will be added to the beginning of a filename of all channels’

generated measurement files. Do not use any other than valid filename characters.

ReceivedDuration default: 0

If bigger than zero, determines the duration of received test calls for the channel. Affects both voice

quality and PlayMode test calls.

NEMO FILE MANAGER

From server version 2.3.0 on the server has preinstalled Nemo File Manager that is run on Wine

environment. The File Manager icon is located on the desktop and it has to be run manually after each

reboot.

By default, the File Manager has only one rule: Convert all files under /home/auto/* folder and

subfolders into /home/nemotest/outgoing folder. After conversion original files are archived into

folder /usr/archive and new zip file is created every day. For further details how to configure and use

File Manager please refer to its manual.

24

ADMINISTRATION

Once it is set up, the server is administration free when it comes to server settings and the like. The

only situation where administration may be required is if the hard disk becomes full. By default, the

server has more than 60GB of free disk space, but it may run out of it in a couple of years, especially if

sample saving is used. If this happens, open the server Samba share and remove/delete obsolete

measurement files.

Samba/Windows file sharing

Once the server is connected to LAN, it is possible to browse into it and access its files by using

Windows file sharing.

If the server’s LAN IP address is 192.168.10.4, run the following command: \\192.168.10.4

It should open a file window that contains the server’s shared folders.

Instead, if Windows asks for a password, close the password prompt and run the following command:

net use \\192.168.10.4 7UcW49kq /USER:nemotestAnd after the command is completed try again the command \\192.168.10.4

By default the server has the following shared folders:

Share name Real folder Description

auto /home/auto The root folder of Nemo Autonomous.

movies /usr/local/movies Catra streaming service video folder.

nemotest /home/nemotest The root folder of generic test account ‘nemotest’.

VNC and Remote Desktop

With Fedora 12 the VNC service was dropped out and instead there is system Remote Desktop

functionality available into LAN. However, the new RD is protocol-wise compliant with VNC and not

with Windows’ Remote Desktop so VNC Viewer is required to access the server.

The VNC service is disabled to WAN interfaces from server version 2.0.1 onwards due to security

risks, and VNC service and Remote Desktop ports are open only to LAN interface from the firewall.

Server versions before 3.0.0 (Dell SC440 and Dell T100)

In case VNC service is needed for LAN access, open console as root and run command:

[root@nemoserver root]# vncpasswd

Feed new VNC password and then run the following command to start the VNC service manually:

[root@nemoserver root]# vncserver &

25

Note that the service has to be restarted manually after each reboot.

Server versions 3.2.0 and later (Dell T110)

By default the RD is active to LAN. It can be connected by using VNC Viewer and connecting simply to

LAN IP address without screen number. The default password is: nemonemo

To change this select menu System | Preferences | Remote Desktop

The Remote Desktop can be disabled by unchecking the topmost setting. It is recommended to

change the default password to something more secure if feature is used.

26

DATA-TESTING

The server has multiple test pages and files for data testing. It is also possible to add more of them by

placing them into the correct directory.

WWW

The WWW test pages are located in the /var/www/html folder.

HTML test pages: 500B.html 1kB.html 2kB.html 5kB.html 10kB.html 20kB.html 50kB.html 100kB.html

200kB.html 500kB.html 1000kB.html.

These files can be accessed via any server’s public IP address, i.e.

http://server.public.ip.address/500kB.html.

If the filename is omitted, the server’s main page opens (see page 33). The main page displays which

test files are available, and also the server’s IP addresses are listed. The page is refreshed once every

five minutes.

FTP

FTP test files are located in the /home/nemotest folder. This folder is also accessible through Samba

file sharing.

The server contains the following FTP test files. Compressible .txt files have redundant content so they

will compress well where .bin files are not compressible.

Compressible FTP test files: 100kB.txt 200kB.txt 300kB.txt 500kB.txt 1000kB.txt 5000kB.txt

10000kB.txt 50000kB.txt 100000kB.txt.

Random FTP test files: 100kB.bin 200kB.bin 300kB.bin 500kB.bin 1000kB.bin 5000kB.bin

10000kB.bin 50000kB.bin 100000kB.bin.

Use the following account:

FTP login / password: nemotest / 7UcW49kq

It is also possible (but not recommended) to use other accounts (except root) listed this section. Note

that the ‘fleetmanager’ account is reserved for Nemo Fleet Manager-application, and the ‘l337’ account

is for Nemo Autonomous field units.

E-Mail

There are no predefined test e-mails. Instead, it is required that the user upload a test e-mail with

SMTP, and read it with POP3.

Use the following accounts:

SMTP / POP3 server: Any of the server’s public domain names.

SMTP login / password: both empty

SMTP From: [email protected]

27

SMTP To: nemotest

POP3 login / password: nemotest / 7UcW49kq

Note: The server requires a domain name for at least one WAN interface IP address that is going to

be used on SMTP testing - otherwise the server does not accept the inbound SMTP connection. This

security mechanism has been recently added due to continually increasing e-mail fraudulency and

spamming.

After the server is connected to the Internet (WAN) and has public domain name, the user has to

run the following commands as the root-user to set the domain name permanently to SMTP-service

configuration:

[root@nemoserver root]# postconf -e myhostname=nemoserver.nemo.fi[root@nemoserver root]# service postfix restart

Where nemoserver.nemo.fi is replaced with the user's own domain name.

Note: Some operators prevent accessing other SMTP services than their own - therefore it is not

possible to test SMTP against the server with these operators' SIM cards.

RTSP

The server has the Catra Streaming service running, and it is bound automatically with interface eth1.

Thus, make sure that there is only one WAN/Internet connection that is connected to the upper

network cards’ port A. The RTSP service can be accessed only by using an eth1 IP address, for

example, if the eth1 IP address is 62.142.xx.yy, then the file 6.3gp can loaded by typing this address

on a mobile browser: RTSP://62.142.xx.yy/6.3gp

RTSP test videos are located in the /usr/local/movies folder. This folder is also accessible through

Samba file sharing so it is easy to add more test videos.

The server contains the following test videos (videos are downloaded from the Catra WWW-site

http://www.catrasoftware.it/Streaming/CatraStreamingServer.htm):

Filename File size Original filename

6.3gp 2819 kB 06_H263_BR_48000_FR_3_AAC_BR_16000_VID_Trailer1.3gp

7.3gp 2718 kB 07_H263_BR_48000_FR_3_GSMAMR_BR_16000_VID_Trailer1.3gp

8.2gp 2893 kB 08_H263_BR_48000_FR_3_WBAMR_BR_16000_VID_Trailer1.3gp

9.3gp 2930 kB 09_MP4_BR_48000_FR_3_AAC_BR_16000_VID_Trailer1.3gp

10.3gp 2130 kB 10_MP4_BR_48000_FR_3_AMR_BR_16000_VID_Trailer1.3gp

11.3gp 3003 kB 11_MP4_BR_48000_FR_3_WBAMR_BR_16000_VID_Trailer1.3gp

12.3gp 2647 kB 12_MP4_BR_42000_FR_8_3_GSMAMR_BR_8000_VID_TomJerry.3gp

Note: Nemo Outdoor cannot establish streaming with the Nemo Server Catra streaming service. With

Nemo Handy the streaming is OK with the included test files.

28

IPERF

The server has two Iperf services running at port 5001, one in UDP and other in TCP-mode. Services

are available via all connected network interfaces. Iperf-service is very useful, for example, on UDP

maximum throughput testing.

Note: When configuring multi-data Iperf-tests with Nemo Outdoor, USE THE SAME IP

ADDRESS FOR EACH TERMINAL. This differs from normal data testing (www, FTP, etc.)

because those have to be configured to use different IP addresses.

Note: It is not recommended to run Iperf test transfers while doing simultaneous voice

quality tests as the Iperf consumes most of the available processing power making VQ

testing inaccurate that may and will lower average scores.

29

APPENDICESServer users and passwords

Username Password Type Home Description

root v2.0.1: 6yV-1pScv2.1.0 and later:-2eF6aX7

SSH /root Super-user account

nemotest 7UcW49kq FTP /home/nemotest General test account: FTP test files

fleetmanager flee7m4n FTP /home/auto Fleet Manager account

l337 l337 FTP /home/l337 Wanderer auto-login account

Measurement Guidelines

Server measurement files

The server generates a new measurement file for each line when a test call arrives, and the file is

closed (i.e. footer is written to it) in two minutes unless another call comes in before that. The server-

side measurement files have the same file format as the Nemo Outdoor measurement files.

Measurement files are located in the /home/nemotest/results folder.

Within ISDN system there is no specific channels but dynamically allocated timeslots. Therefore the

caller id is associated with certain channel by using channel’s CallbackNumber setting. If it is set

correctly, all calls from certain number go to the same measurement file (with FileCloseTimeout

considered).

File-format mode 1.88

Each file is named using the following naming convention:

aaBbbcc ddeeff.dtn where aa is year, Bbb is a three-letter month abbreviation, cc is the day of the

month, dd is the hour in the 24-hour format, ee is minutes, ff is seconds, and n is the called line

number beginning from 1 (note that in NSM channel numbers begin from zero).

The following is an example, 05Apr21 173345.dt1 - this file was generated on April 21st 2005 at

17:33:45 from line 1.

File-format mode 2.x

The naming convention is as follows:

aaBbbcc ddeeff.n.nmf where aa is year, Bbb is a three-letter month abbreviation, cc is the day of the

month, dd is the hour in the 24-hour format, ee is minutes, ff is seconds, and n is the called line

number beginning from 1 (note that in NSM channel numbers begin from zero).

The following is an example, 05Apr21 173345.1.nmf - this file was generated on April 21st 2005 at

17:33:45 from line 1.

Measurement files can be fetched from the server by using FTP with the following username:

nemotest, and the following password: 7UcW49kq

After login, change to folder results and download measurement files. Do not try to delete files that are

currently active, that is, when a test call is still on.

30

Test Terminal Configuration

a) Make a test call and adjust the terminal headset volume to minimum (or to level 4 with N95

and other ‘2.5/3.5mm jack plug’ headset connected terminals).

b) Switch off alert and warning tones. Beeping during a measurement will lower the score.

Nemo Outdoor Configuration

a) Set Nemo Outdoor Voice Quality test mode to Half Duplex Start TX (Outdoor 4 only, Outdoor

5 determines test mode automatically).

b) Select one of the default test samples: 3s.wav, 4s.wav, 4s_m.wav, 5s.wav, 6s.wav,

6s_m.wav, 6s_f.wav, 8s.wav, 10s.wav.

When Nemo Outdoor calls the fixed line connected to the server, the server answers the call and

records 1.5 seconds of incoming audio. Next, it compares the recorded snapshot and chooses the

best matching sample from the default samples. However, if ForceSample or TestSample is

configured, voiceqd skips the auto-detection and uses the configured sample directly.

After the identification, the server sends the identified, non-degraded sample to Nemo Outdoor which

records it and calculates the PESQ score.

Along with test samples, one can hear short beeps between samples: those are used for

synchronization purposes and do not affect the PESQ score because they are eliminated before the

calculation. Next, Nemo Outdoor sends the sample again to the server and since this time the server

already knows the sample (if it was auto-detected), it records for the duration of the identified sample

and calculates the score, opens a measurement file and stores the result there. The file is closed after

two minutes if the line is dropped and no new call is made.

This testing keeps alternating until Nemo Outdoor drops the call or the ReceivedDuration time is

elapsed (in the case it is configured).It is recommended to set the time between calls parameter to at

least 5s to Nemo Outdoor so that there is enough time for the server to detect the line busy-tone

(PSTN only, with ISDN signaling handles call events immediately).

Call-back example

The following Nemo Outdoor script example allows alternating call-testing, i.e. mobile-originating

followed by mobile-terminating call, with voice quality measurements.

Nemo Outdoor first calls the server, and the test call lasts for 90 seconds. Next, there is a 30-second

idle period on both sides, after which the server calls Outdoor, the call lasting for 90s. Next, there is a

30-second idle period again, after which the script starts from the beginning if the script repeat is

bigger than 1.

The following is a script file from Nemo Outdoor 4.16.26 (from RC2) and later versions:

* Nemo Prime script fileRepeat : 5Device Settings : 0VoiceCallStart : NUM=081234567,VQE=1,VQM=4,PFX=1,RSF=4s.wav,TMO=90,MRK=0,ATT=30,SYS=-2097153,CTY=0VoiceCallStopWait : DEL=50,SEL=2,NOT=Incoming Call,ATM=60Wait : DEL=120,SEL=0,NOT=,ATM=300

31

Set the following to the server’s Channel Parameters of used channel:

Callback ONCallbackDelay 10000CallbackDuration 90000CallbackNumber 0102345678LineNumber 081234567

It is assumed here that the server’s line 0 number is 081234567, and the terminal’s number calling that

line is 0102345678.

Note that since the call duration in CAD event is the time from CAA to CAD including signaling time,

and call script call duration calculation starts from the call connection, the call duration in CAD events

is usually some 5-10s longer than the Call duration value defined in a script.

In addition, if more precise timing is needed, the only way to sharpen it is to make some test

measurements and observe the call duration from the CAD event. Increase/decrease Call duration

from the Outdoor script and the server’s Channel Parameters as needed until the observed call

duration is acceptable.

32

The server’s main WWW page

PPPOE Instructions

Open the root console and run the following command:

[root@nemoserver root]# adsl-setup

The command runs the ADSL/VDSL/xDSL configuration script that asks several questions about the

new connection. After the script is done, a new network configuration script is created to:

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ppp0

PPPOE settings can be edited, if necessary, but this is usually not required if the entered information

was correct:

33

[root@nemoserver root]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts[root@nemoserver root]# vi ifcfg-ppp0

Press Esc i to set the vi editor to insert mode.

Note that all vi editor commands are case sensitive.

Press Esc : x [enter] to save the crontab and to close the vi editor.

After the PPPOE script is ready, the connection can be started with the following command:

[root@nemoserver root]# pppoe-start

Verify that the new connection received an IP address with the following command:

[root@nemoserver root]# ifconfig ppp0

If the inet addr field is present, the connection should be OK. In failure situations use the following

command to get more information about PPPOE:

[root@nemoserver root]# man pppoe

PPPOE can be set to start automatically when the server boots:

[root@nemoserver root]# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Add the following line just below the lowest commented line:

pppoe-start

The beginning of the file should look as follows:

#!/bin/sh## This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.pppoe-start

Manual configuration

Note that all voice quality service configurations can be made from Nemo Server Manager. This

chapter is provided for backward compatibility. These instructions continue from the Installation

chapter, Step 4.

Step 5: Configure LAN (optional)

Each of the server’s interfaces has a separate start-up script and these scripts are located in the

following folder: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ and are named as follows: Script for eth0 is ifcfg-eth0,

script for eth1 is ifcfg-eth1, and so on.

By editing these scripts it is possible to switch between DCHP and manually assigned IP addresses.

Note that it is recommended to use a static IP address on the LAN-side so that there is no need to

change the IP address if it changes later.

Change the interface eth0 settings with the following command:

[root@nemoserver root]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

34

[root@nemoserver root]# vi ifcfg-eth0

Now the vi editor opens. By default the configuration uses a static IP and shows:

DEVICE=eth0ONBOOT=yes

# Comment EITHER of these sections

# Static IPBOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=192.168.10.4NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=192.168.10.1

# Dynamic IP#BOOTPROTO=dhcp

Press Esc I to set the vi editor to insert mode.


Change the configuration to the dynamic IP by commenting the Static section with the hash character

(#), and uncommenting the Dynamic section by removing # from the BOOTPROTO=dhcp item:



# Static IP#BOOTPROTO=static#IPADDR=192.168.10.4#NETMASK=255.255.255.0#GATEWAY=192.168.10.1

# Dynamic IPBOOTPROTO=dhcp

Note that the following parameters, IPADDR, NETMASK, GATEWAY, and BROADCAST, are supplied

by ISP, and BROADCAST is optional.

Press Esc : x [enter] to save the script and to close the vi editor.

Step 6: Configure WAN (optional)

In this example, eth1 is configured. When configuring other WAN interfaces replace eth1 with eth2,

eth3 or eth4 (or eth5-eth8).

Change the interface eth1 settings with the following command:[root@nemoserver root]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts[root@nemoserver root]# vi ifcfg-eth1

The vi editor opens. By default the configuration uses a dynamic IP and the following is displayed:


35


# Static IP#BOOTPROTO=static#IPADDR=#NETMASK=#GATEWAY=

# Dynamic IPBOOTPROTO=dhcp

Press Esc i. to set the vi editor to insert mode.


Change the configuration to a static IP by removing the hash character (#) from the static section, thus

un-commenting it, and commenting the dynamic section by adding # next to it.

Note that the following parameters, IPADDR, NETMASK, GATEWAY, and BROADCAST, are supplied

by ISP, and that BROADCAST is optional.

Press Esc : x [enter] to save the script and to close the vi editor.

Step 7: Restart configured network interfaces

If network interface settings were changed, it is sometimes required to restart those interfaces to

activate it in order for the changes to become active. It is also time to connect the WAN interface

network cables.

Open terminal and write command:

[root@nemoserver root]# service network restart

All interfaces will be shutdown and then they are restarted with new settings.

Updating Instructions

Server image updating

Note that the server update erases all files that are currently on your PC’s hard-disk! Backup all

measurement data before continuing with the update.

1. Shut down the server, open the chassis and remove all OpenPCI/OpenPRI and 4xEthernet

cards.

2. Start the server and press F11 as soon as the BIOS POST screen appears. Press Ctrl-Alt-Del

to reset if you were not fast enough and Linux already started.

3. Insert server image DVD.

4. Select CD/DVD for boot device, after which Debian Isolinux should appear on the screen.

After a while there will be a question whether to continue with hard-disk overwriting. Answer y

to continue. Image writing will take almost 2 hours.

5. After the writing is finished, take the DVD out and press the power button some seconds to

power the server off.

36

6. After that boot the server once without any card installed. After the logon screen appears,

select Shutdown. Now the integrated Ethernet-device has been mapped to device eth0.

7. Now install the 4xEthernet card (if the server has a Datatest option) into second lowest PCI or

PCI-E slot and start the server. After the login screen appears, select Shutdown. Now the

4XEthernet card is mapped to devices eth1-eth4.

8. If the server has another 4xEthernet-card, install it to top of earlier card, then boot to login

screen and shutdown.

9. Next, install the OpenPCI/OpenPRI- or OpenPCIe/OpenPRIe-card and reboot. PCI cards go

to lowest PCI slot and PCI-E cards to the lowest PCI-E slot.

10. The server is in its initial condition after the login-screen appears, and the busy-tone wizard

should be run and correct CountryCode entered (required only with Nemo Audiotest Server).

After these the server is ready for use.

File Manager updating

1. Put the latest File Manager setup to USB memory and connect it to the server. The server

should detect it automatically and its root folder should open.

2. If File Manager is running, stop it.

3. Select the setup file and double-click it to run it. The setup will now install the new File

Manager over the existing setup.

37

APPENDIX 1

NEMO SERVER AUDIO OPTION (VOICE QUALITY)

Product Code Product Name Configuration

100035-03-110 Nemo Audio Server (4 x

PSTN lines)

1 x server based on Dell PowerEdge T110

English Docs with Euro Power Cord

PE T110 Server Tower Chassis

FP/BL - Euro - 17in Black Flat Panel

Dell Black 2 Button USB Scroll Optical Mouse

US/Euro (QWERTY) Quietkey USB Black Keyboard

PE T110 Electronic System Documentation and OpenManage DVD

C1 Cabled MST No Raid with On-board SATA Controller, Min. 1 Max. 4 SATA Only

1Yr Basic Warranty

Fedora Core 12 operating system (499046-02)

Including:

o Comes with preinstalled NSM (Nemo Server Manager) application

(310002-01)

o Nemo Server Image v3.1 (416000-31)

o PESQ licence SW, up to 4 PSTN lines (319000-00)

o Voicetronix PSTN card OpenPCIe with 8 x RJ11 connectors (499016-05)

o Voicetronix Splitter Box with 4 x RJ11 + 1 x RJ45 connectors. Converts

one RJ45 interface to four RJ11 connections. Includes RJ45 cable

(499016-03)

o 4 x RJ11 Line cables for PSTN card, Modular cable 2xplug 6/4 5m

o (420039-00 )

o 1 x Data Cable 5E S-FTP 5m (420040-00)

o Nemo Server USB Copy Protection Key (499003-00)

100035-03 Nemo Audio Server

Expansion

Additional 4 PSTN lines:

o Voicetronix Splitter Box with 4 x RJ11 + 1 x RJ45 connectors. Converts

one RJ45 interface to four RJ11 connections. RJ45 cable included

(499016-03)

o 4 x Line cables for PSTN card, Modular cable 2xplug 6/4 5m (420039-00)

o Additional PESQ licence (319000-00)

100035-04-110 Nemo Audio Server ISDN

PRI (10 x ISDN lines)








C1 Cabled MST No Raid with On-board SATA Controller, Min. 1 Max. 4 SATA Only

1Yr Basic Warranty


Nemo Server Image v3.1 (416000-31)

Including:


(310002-01)

38

o 2 x PESQ licence SW, up to 10 ISDN lines (319000-00)

o Voicetronix OpenPRIe Single PCI card. 1 x E1/ T1 span. Primary rate

E1/T1 ISDN lines (499016-06)


NEMO SERVER DATA TEST OPTION


100270-02-110 Nemo Data Server

1 x Intel PRO/1000 PT

Quad Port Server Adapter

PCI Express Card








C1 Cabled MST No Raid with On-board SATA Controller, Min. 1 Max. 4 SATA

Only

1Yr Basic Warranty



Datatest server HW with 4 port network card (IP Addresses)

Including:


(310002-01)

o 1 x Intel PRO/1000 PT Quad Port Server Adapter PCI Express Card

EXPI9404PTBLK (499047-00)


NEMO SERVER AUDIO& DATA TEST OPTION


100270-03-110 Nemo Audio & Data Server

with

ISDN PRI card (10 x ISDN

lines) and 1 x Intel

PRO/1000 PT Quad Port

Server Adapter PCI

Express Card








C1 Cabled MST No Raid with On-board SATA Controller, Min. 1 Max. 4 SATA

Only

1Yr Basic Warranty



Datatest server HW with 4 port network card (IP Addresses)

Including:


39

(310002-01)

o 2 x PESQ licence SW, up to 10 ISDN lines (319000-00)

o Voicetronix OpenPRIe Single PCI card. 1 x E1/ T1 span. Primary

rate E1/T1 ISDN lines (499016-06)


o 1 x Intel PRO/1000 PT Quad Port Server Adapter PCI Express Card

EXPI9404PTBLK (499047-00)


40

APPENDIX 2

NEMO SERVER NETWORKING

Static Public Address

Dynamic public address

Private addresses (RFC 1918)

Private address spaces (reserved addresses):

10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255

172.16.0.0 -172.31.255.255

192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

No route from the Internet!

Internal use only!

41

Static NAT (destination NAT)

Basic NAT. No port mapping

Virtual Public IP is translated to private IP addresses

What is my public IP?

With virtual interfaces we can map multiple public address to one private. (Nemorver)

Static NAT and PAT

PAT = Port address translation

With portmapping we can map one pubic address to many private servers

42

Dynamic NAT

Multible private addresses

Portmapping

Common ISP setup for homes

Access from internet need still static configuration

Debugging

What is my ip? http://whatismyip.com

iptstate - A top-like display of IP Tables state table entries

tcpdump - dump traffic on a network

route –n display routing table and default Gateway

Ifconfig (-all) display interface configuration

netstat - Print network connections, routing tables, etc.

43

http://whatismyip.com/

Static NAT (port forwarding) example with Buffalo access point

44

INDEX

4

4xEthernet card, 36

A

audio testing, 5

C

calibration, 13

call-back script, 31

Change ping IP Address, 19

Channel Parameters, 24

company LAN, 9

console commands, 8

D

data-testing, 5

Debian Isolinux, 36

F

Fedora core, 7, 9

N

Nemo Server Manager, 12, 21

Nemo Server Manager menu, 19

O

OpenPCI card, 37

P

PSTN lines, 13

PSTN-card, 12

R

RJ-11 connectors, 6

RJ-45 connector, 9

root, 7

S

Samba file sharing, 26

samba service, 11

Server image, 36

Server update, 36

SW and HW gains, 13

T

TCP/IP monitor, 17, 19

terminal/command line icon, 8

V

voiceqd service settings, 21

VQ monitor, 16

W

Windows file sharing, 26

45

Documents

Nemo Server Manual Mar11 v1