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Non Verbal Communication

NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Nonverbal communication has been defined as communication without words.

It is the communication through facial expressions, body position, eye contact, other physical gestures, posture, clothing, tone and volume of voice, speed of speaking etc.

Nonverbal communication is learned shortly after birth and practiced and refined throughout a persons lifetime.

Characteristics:Non verbal behavior always has a communicative

value.

Non verbal communication is powerful.

Much non verbal behavior is cultural bound.

Non verbal behavior could be ambiguous.

Types of Non verbal communication:1. Body language

- is the way body communicates by its physical movements.

- Technically it is called “Kinesics”.

Facial expressions

- the face is where we look for most expression of what is going inside us.

- the facial expression can divulge hidden emotions.

Facial expressions

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Eye contact

-The eye along with the eyebrows, upper and lower eyelids, and size of pupils convey certain inner body states.

- In fact, eye contact may be the best indicator of how involved a person is in the situation.

- Moreover the rules for eye contact differ from one culture to another.

Posture

- Posture is the way we carry ourselves.

- Postures non verbally convey impressions of self-confident, status, and interest.

-The posture tells whether a person is tensed or relaxed.

Gesture

- Gestures are the physical movements of arms, legs, hands, torso and head.

- An extended arm can have variety of meanings, merely depending on what position the hand is in and how it is moving.

Body shape

I) Ectomorph

- is thin, youthful, and tall

ii) Endomorph

- is fat, round, and soft

iii) Mesomorph

- is strong, athletic, and muscular Smell and Touch

- various odors and artificial fragrances on human beings can sometimes convey emotions and feelings better than words.Silence

- Can be a positive or negative influence in the communication process.

- Can create tension and uneasiness or create a peaceful situation.

NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR INTERPRETATION

Brisk, erect walk Confidence

Standing with hands on hips Readiness, aggression

Sitting with legs crossed, foot kicking slightly

Boredom

Sitting, legs apart Open, relaxed

Arms crossed on chest Defensiveness

Walking with hands in pockets, shoulders hunched

Dejection

NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR INTERPRETATION

Hand to cheek Evaluation, thinking

Touching, slightly rubbing nose Rejection, doubt, lying

Rubbing the eye Doubt, disbelief

Hands clasped behind back Anger, frustration, apprehension

Locked ankles Apprehension

Head resting in hand, eyes downcast Boredom

Rubbing hands Anticipation

2. Sign language (Symbol)

- A symbol is something that stands for something else.Visual symbols

- These are the symbols like pictures, cartoons, paintings, maps, etc. which has visual impact on the mind of the looker.

= ≠ ≤ ≥ ∑ £ &

- The colors are very often used to make symbolic language rich.

Blood, Stop,Death, Anger,Violence

ComfortsandSoothes

Cheers and Elevates moods

In some cultures black suggests mourning

Calmness, Peace

Audio symbols

These audio symbols communicate to us : Morning alarm- get up Bell in the school/ college- star, or end of the study period Siren sound- there is an ambulance, or police, or a fire extinguishing service

- The sound symbols make the communication much faster and economical and easy to organize it.

- However, these signals have limited use, and can be used to communicate the simple and standard messages only.

3. Paralanguage

- is the way we use our voice in uttering words.Pitch variations

- using high, normal, or low pitch depending upon the state of mind and status.

- using variations in the pitch to make the talk more effectives.

- Pitch assists greatly in voice modulation also.

The effect of different levels of pitch in voice are:Monotone- Voice stays close to model level all the time, pattern is unrelated to the meaning of what is being said.Boring or apathetic- narrow pitch range.Interesting- The way we change the pitch level of certain word for meaning can make the talk interesting.

Volume

A good speaker has to decide the volume of his speech:

- According to the place where he is speaking.

- According to the size of audience.

- According to the meanings and emotions he want to convey through his speech.Speed and Pause

- Speaker should use normal pace to get his message across clearly.

- Pauses are punctuations marks in speech and can be very powerful.

- A comfortable rate of speaking is approximately 150 words per minute.

Stress on words

By emphasizing different key words in a sentence we can purposely indicate our feelings about what is important.

The difference in this one statement:

- She’s giving this money to me.

- SHE is the one giving the money, nobody else.

- She is GIVING, not lending.

- MONEY is being exchanged, not anything else.

- I AM GETTING the money, nobody else.

THANK YOU