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Now let’s FOLD!!!
1) Fold paper in half like a hamburger.
2) Leave a small ½ inch edge for the title: PHASES/STATES OF MATTER
3) Cut three flaps (two cuts) up to the fold on the short side of the paper.
4) Label your three flaps: SOLID, LIQUID, GAS.
States or Phases of Matter: SOLID
Solid: matter that has a: definite shape + definite volume
• molecules do move slightly (vibrate)
• Incompressible: Will not squish
Ex. Legos: Def Shape + Volume, closely packed..move only slightly…SOLID
Fixed, does not change
Structure: Particles: tightly packed, Rigid, Organized, Crystalline
Liquid Liquid: a form of matter that: has an indefinite shape, but a definite volume.
• Particles are held loosely together (free to move)
• Particles can move (slide) past one another (flow) FLUID
• Almost incompressible
(slightly compressible)
Gas
Gas: form of matter that: has indefinite shape + indefinite volume.
• Particles are spaced: far apart (fill entire space).
• Particles easily move past one another (flow) FLUID!!!
• Easily compressible: Can be squished a LOT (ex. helium tank).
• Lots of collisions and space between particles
Changes easily!!!
Plasma
• Plasma: high-energy state in which ions exist in a gas-like form
• Gas-like properties
• Can be found in the: stars, lightning, TV’s (Ne & Xe)
• No known material can withstand hot, corrosive plasma
To Review: Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
Shape
X
Volume
X
Compressibility
X
Def.
Def.
Incomp.
Indef.
Def.
Incomp.
Indef.
Indef.
Comp.
Make a foldable like this:
Announcements: LAB: Observing Physical and Chemical Changes (on Thursday – wear closed toe shoes!)
PHYSICAL
PROPERTY
CHEMICAL
PROPERTY
EXTENSIVE
PROPERTY
INTENSIVE
PROPERTY
CHEMICAL
CHANGE
PHYSICAL
CHANGE
Physical &
Chemical
Properties
Physical Property
A quality or condition of a
substance that can be
observed or measured without
changing the substances
composition.
Physical Property Examples of Physical Properties:
Solubility (if it dissolves)
Color
Density
Melting point
Chemical Property
The ability of a substance to
undergo a chemical reaction
and to form a new substance
Chemical Property
Examples of Chemical Properties:
Rusting
Combustion
Flammability
www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/105Achemprop.html
Physical Property (PP) or
Chemical Property (CP)?
blue-gray color
brittle
insoluble (will not dissolve) in water
reacts with acid
PP PP
PP CP
Extensive &
Intensive
Properties
Extensive physical properties
Physical properties of matter that
depend on the amount of that
chemical
Mass
Volume
Length
Shape
Intensive physical properties
Physical property of matter that
DOES NOT depend on the amount of
that chemical
Color
Melting point
Density
Physical &
Chemical
Changes
Physical Change
A change which alters a
given material without
changing its composition
(nothing new created)
Physical Change
examples:
Physical Changes
Any phase/state change
Dissolving of a solid
Crushing of a solid – change in size/shape
Physical Changes
Dry ice sublimation
http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/104Aphysprop.html
Physical Changes Water boiling
Physical Changes
Salt Dissolving
www.bbc.co.uk/.../reversible_irreversible4.shtml
Physical Changes
www.earthscienceworld.org/images/search/resul...
palm.sri.com/tasks/9-12/Fishkill/
Thermal Pollution
Chemical Change
aka (Chemical Reaction)
Change that occurs
when one or more
substances change into
new substances
Chemical Change
Rusting of iron
Chemical Change
Photosynthesis
http://students.salisbury.edu/~ak09850/images/photosynthesisBASIC.jpg
Chemical Change
Digestion of food
Chemical Change
Combustion (burning) of gas
Chemical Change
Clues that a chemical reaction is
occurring:
Energy is absorbed / given off (heat or light)
Change in color or odor
Production of a gas or solid from a liquid
Not easily reversible
Something NEW produced that does NOT
look like the starting reactants
A + B Q
Physical or Chemical Change?
Bending of wire
Milk turning sour
Paper shredded
Burning of coal
PC
CC
PC
CC
