OBJECTIVE:The Revolution was an elite

revolution and could have been easily prevented

ROAD TO REVOLUTION

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Road to Revolution

Republicanism

Individuals giving up private interests for common good

Road to Revolution

•Citizenry

•Virtue of citizens

Road to Revolution

• Authority to govern depends on the virtue of citizenry

Road to Revolution

•Radical Whigs

Road to Revolution

Writers who were afraid of too much power to a monarchy or government

Bribes to king (Patronage)

Road to Revolution

• They warned citizens to be on guard against corruption

• Today bloggers

Road to Revolution

•Ocean

•Communication

•Distance

Road to Revolution

• Georgia is the only formed by British

Road to Revolution

• Navigation Laws of 1650 stated that all goods going to and from colonies could only be transported in British vessels

Road to Revolution

NO DUTCH ALLOWED

Road to Revolution

• French Indian War Britain is in debt

Road to Revolution

Road to Revolution

• In 1763 Prime Minister George Greenville ordered British Navy to strictly enforce the Navigation Laws

Road to Revolution

• Sugar Act of 1764

• Replaced the Molasses Act of 1733

• 1st law to raise revenue directly from colonists

Road to Revolution

• Increased duties or tax on sugar from West Indies

Road to Revolution

•Quartering Act of 1764

•Colonist provided food and housing for British soldiers

• Currency Act of 1764

• Suoerceeded the Currency Act of 1764 forbade colonists to print own currency and required them to use “hard currency”

• Gold and silver

• All taxes had to be paid in hard currency

Road to Revolution

•Stamp Act 1764

•Colonies were a revenue stream untouched by Britain

Road to Revolution

•Quartering Act of 1764

•Colonist provided food and housing for British soldiers

Road to Revolution

•Stamp Act 1765

Road to Revolution

•Taxed Stamps

Road to Revolution

• Mandated the use of stamped paper or affixing of a stamp certifying payment of taxes

• It would be taxing every time you texted of sent an email

Road to Revolution

•Theory was to as Colonist to pay fair share

Road to Revolution

• The Stamp Act Congress 1765 27 delegates from 9 colonies

• Statement of rights and grievances and asked Britain and King to repel the Act

Road to Revolution

• This Congress started to unite the colonists and colonies

• Sectional or colonies always had suspicions of each other

• Began the step to thee intercolonial unity

Road to Revolution

•Striking at liberties of colonist

•Burden on their pocketbook

Road to Revolution

•Violators refused to pay

Citizens of Britain

Road to Revolution

•Admiralty Courts

•No trial by jury

•Guilty until proven innocent

Road to Revolution

•British held trial by jury as most important right

• Innocent until proven guilty

• Declarotry Act

• 1766

• Professed the right to tax colonists because of virtual reprentation

Road to Revolution

•No taxation without representation

Road to Revolution

•Greenville stated that colonist had representation “virtual representation”

•

Road to Revolution

•All members of parliament represented all British subjects

Road to Revolution

• Americans made a distinction between Legislations which they agreed but:

Road to Revolution

• On Matters that dealt with Colonies and taxation they wanted representation

Road to Revolution

•Why might have been a “blessing that colonist were not represented in parliament

Road to Revolution

•Response to the Stamp Act

Road to Revolution

•Stamp Act Congress

•Mildly effective (Britain ignored)

Road to Revolution

•People not just aristocrats could now participate in revolution spirit

Road to Revolution

•Sons of Liberty and Daughters of Liberty

•Took laws into their own hands

Road to Revolution

•Violators of nonimportation faced the tar and feathering

Road to Revolution

•Stamp Act

•Quartering Act

• Radical Whigs

•Admiralty courts

Road to Revolution

• Hit England hard

• Half of trade was with colonists

Road to Revolution

• Reason Parliament was upset

• 7.5 million paid to protect

• 2.5 million refused to pay 1/3 of defense of colonies

Road to Revolution

• In 1776 Stamp Act repealed

• Short lived

• Declaration Act

• Right to bind colonists to England

Road to Revolution

• Dilemma

Unqualified sovereignty over colonies

Wanted sovereignty

Road to Revolution

• New Leadership in England

• Still King George III

Road to Revolution

• Charles Townsend

Road to Revolution

• Townsend Acts

• Light duties on glass white lead and teas

Road to Revolution

• Resentment boiled over

Road to Revolution

• March 5, 1770

Road to Revolution

• 60 Bostonians began

• throwing

• Snowballs at

• 10 Redcoats over the death of a young boy

Road to Revolution

• Common theme in United States for riots in the future

Road to Revolution

• Troops opened fire killing or wounding 11

• Crispus Atticus

Road to Revolution

• Both sides to blame

• Outcome

• 2 soldiers convicted of manslaughter

• Patriot John Adams defended those on trial

Road to Revolution

• In Britain

• Repealed acts but kept 3 pence tax on tea

Road to Revolution

• Samuel Adams

Road to Revolution

• Disheveled lived for politics

• Formed committees of correspondence

• Exchanged letters to keep revolution spirit alive

Road to Revolution

• Twitter or blogs of 1700’s or maybe facebook

Road to Revolution

• England was hit hard economically

• East Indian Company (going bankrupt)

• Given Monopoly to sell teas

• In Colonies

Road to Revolution

• Tea in the colonies was cheaper

• In colonies principle was more important than price

Road to Revolution

• Ironic event

• In Charleston South Carolina

• Seized tea for non payment

• They then sold teas to fund revolution

Road to Revolution

• British governor Hutchinson ordered all teas to be unloaded

Road to Revolution

• December 16, 1773

• 100 Bostonians led by rhetoric of Sam Adams

• Boarded ships disguised as Mohawk Indians

Road to Revolution

Boston Tea Party

Road to Revolution

• Response

• Closed port of Boston until damages were paid

• Boston Port Bill

Road to Revolution

• Rights of original Charter were swept away

• No town meetings

• Like shutting down internet today

Road to Revolution

• Any offense against British soldiers

• Trial would be in England

• Intolerable Acts

Road to Revolution

• Also passed Quebec Act

• French soldiers

• Allowed captured French soldiers to keep customs religion and old boundaries to Ohio River

Road to Revolution

• If British were this nice to colonist revolution may not have happened

Road to Revolution

• Parliament also put in new Quartering Act

Road to Revolution

• First Continental Congress

Road to Revolution

• Helped kindle revolutionary spirit

• Most Important :

• The Association

• Complete boycott of British goods

Road to Revolution

• Called for return to happier days before taxation

• If Britain addressed issues good

• If not reconvene in 1775

Road to Revolution

• reaction

• Parliament rejected

• Militia began to drill

Road to Revolution

Road to Revolution

• Lexington and Concord

• 1775 British sent troops to confiscate gun powder and weapons and to capture

• Sam Adams and John Hancock

Road to Revolution

Road to Revolution

• Minute Men

Road to Revolution

• Shots were fired 8 Americans were killed

• Became known as the Lexington Massacre

• Shot heard round the world

• British pushed to Concord

Road to Revolution

• American guerillas drove the British back to Boston.

Road to Revolution

• Weakness of British

• Ireland uprising

• France looking to revenge

• Not as popular

Road to Revolution

• Second rate generals

• Long supply lines

• Afraid of George III becoming a tyrant if England won the war

Road to Revolution

• Strengths

• Larger army

• Better navy

• Money for mercenaries (Hessians)

Road to Revolution

• American loyalists

• Indians

• Population 7.5 to 2.5

Road to Revolution

• ADVANTGES FOR COLONISTS

• No nerve center• Fast territories• Outstanding leadership• Washington

Road to Revolution

• Benjamin Franklin

Road to Revolution

• Marquis de Lafayette

Road to Revolution

• Colonists were self sufficient

• Knew terrain

• Fighting for a cause

Road to Revolution

• Disadvantages

• No organization

• Sovereignty of states

Road to Revolution

• Economical no money

• Did not want to tax

• Printed worthless money

Road to Revolution

• Lacked weapons

• Always depended on Brittan

• Allied with France

Road to Revolution

• Militia was undependable

• Would just get up and leave

• No supplies no ammunition

• No food

Road to Revolution

• Economic issues

• Some merchants would sell to British because they paid in gold

Road to Revolution

• What was this revolution

• Elite only a few of the total population believed in the revolution

• “seldom have so few done so much for so many”

of

Committee of Correspondence

Benjamin Franklin