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Protection Functions Overview

ANSI FEATURE A Hardware B Hardware

Optocoupled logic inputs 16 24

Relay output contacts 24 32

Dual rated 1A and 5A CT inputs Single and Three Pole Tripping Clockwise and Anticlockwise phase rotation Direct access menu "Hotkeys" Multiple Password access control levels

21P / 21G Distance Zones - Mho and 5

quadrilateral full scheme relay

CVT Transient overreach elimination Load Blinder Easy Setting mode Mutual compensation

85 Communication-aided schemes, PUTT, POTT, Blocking, Weak Infeed

Accelerated tripping - Loss of Load, and Zone 1 extension

50 / 27 Switch on to Fault 68 Power Swing Blocking

I/V Delta Directional Comparison 67N Directional Earth Fault (DEF) unit protection 50 / 51 / 67 Phase overcurrent stages 4

50N / 51N / 67N Earth/ground overcurrent stages 4

67 / 46 Negative sequence overcurrent 46BC Broken conductor 49 Thermal protection 27 Undervoltage protection stages 2

59 Overvoltage protection stages 2

59N Residual voltage protection stages 2

50BF High speed breaker fail

CTS / VTS Current and Voltage Transformer supervision 79 Autoreclose - shots supported 4

25 Check synchronism Alternative setting groups 4

FL Fault Locator Fault Records 5

SOE Event Records 500

Disturbance recorder, samples per cycle 48

Circuit Breaker condition monitor Graphical Programmable Scheme Logic (PSL) IRIG-B time synchronism ()

InterMiCOM teleprotection ()Key () : denotes optional

APPLICATION

> Distance protection

The MiCOMhoP443 is supplied with a full suite of protection and

control functions as standard.The configuration column of the menu

is used to control which functions the user requires in the intended

application and which may be disabled. Disabled functions are

completely removed from the menu, to simplify setting.

The Protection Functions Overview table highlights the functions

available.

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Versatile protection for universal application.

The simple set mode invokes an inbuilt wizard,to simplify the job of the Protection Engineer.

X67

50/2746BC67N CTS

27/

59VTS50BF 79 25

Fault records Disturbance

Record

Measurements

PSL

Local

Communication

2nd Remote

comm. port

Remote

comm. port

Distance RelayP443

Inter MiCOM

LEDs

conventionalsignalling

always available

optional

protectioncommunication

Vref

V

I

Self monitoring

85

21P 21G 50/51

FL

50N/

51NI/V

67/

4668

59N

Neutral currentfrom parallel line(if present)

IM

49 SOTF/TOR

1 3

5

2

4

(Description of ANSI code nos. see protection Functions Overview)

Figure 1

User interface

> Inputs

AC Current (In)

1A/5A dual rated ac rms

AC voltage (Vn)

100 - 120V nominal phase-phase

Rated frequency 50/60Hz

Operative range

45 - 55Hz at 50Hz

55 - 65Hz at 60Hz

> User Interface

The front panel user interface, as shown in Figure 1

comprises:

(1) A back-lit liquid crystal display

(2) Four fixed function LEDs

(3) Eight user programmable LEDs

(4) Menu navigation/data entry keys, and two

context sensitive hotkeys. Hotkeys can be

highlighted in vivid green and red colors if

used for trip/close breaker controls

(5) "READ" and "CLEAR" keys for view/reset

of alarms

FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW DIAGRAM

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4>5

Figure 5 Quadrilateral characteristics

Figure 3 Example Min-Max Timing Contour,50Hz, SIR=5

Figure 2 Mho characteristics

Zone 3(reverse offset)

Zone 1

Zone P

Zone 2

Zone 3(without offset)

Zone P(reverse)

Directional(reverse)

Zone 4

Directional(forward)

Zone 3

Zone P (fwd)

Zone P

(Reverse)

Zone 4

Offset Reverse Z3

Zone 2

Zone 1

Directional

(forward)

50Hz, SIR = 5

50% 70% 80% 90%

10

20

30

40

0

Performance:Subcycle up

to 75% Reach

60Hz, SIR = 5

50% 70% 80% 90%

10

20

30

40

0

Performance:Subcycle up

to 75% Reach

Figure 4 Example Min-Max Timing Contour, 60Hz, SIR=5

MAIN PROTECTION FUNCTIONS

> Distance Protection

Five zones of protection are provided as shown in

Figure 2.

The relay allows mho and quadrilateral (polygon)

characteristics to be independently selected for the

phase and ground distance elements.

The mho is shown in Figure 2, and uses well-proven

principles to provide dynamic expansion for faults offthe characteristic angle.

The quadrilateral characteristics (Figure 5 ) provide

enhanced fault arc resistance coverage. An adaptive

technique is used to tilt the reactance reach line of

each zone and eliminate under/overreaching effects

due to prefault load flow.

Blinder characteristics (Figure 6) prevent false tripping

due to encroachment of heavy loads.

A superimposed current phase selector detects the

faulted phase(s) and, controls which of the distanceelements will initiate a trip. Combined with the

directional decision from a proven delta principle,

secure operation of distance zones is assured.

> Power Swing Blocking (PSB)

The MiCOMhoP443 recognizes power swings quickly,

by means of the superimposed currents measured by

the phase selector.

The PSB does not require any impedance band or

timers to be set.

The trip time for faults occurring during a power swing

remains subcycle.

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MiCOMho P443 :

A full-scheme distance relaywith subcycle technology.

Operate

Operate

RestrainRestrain

Figure 6 Load blinder

MAIN PROTECTION SCHEMES

Pre-configured distance schemes allow single and

three phase tripping with or without a signalling

channel.

Basic scheme logic for stand alone operation

(without a signalling channel).

Trip on Close logic allows accelerated tripping to be

selected following manual, or auto-reclose.

CARRIER AIDED SCHEMEINCLUDE:

Direct transfer tripping

Permissive underreach scheme (PUR)

Permissive overreach (POR) with open breaker,

weak infeed echo logic and weak infeed trip feature

Blocking scheme

User-defined custom schemes

The relay provides two independent teleprotection

schemes each using a separate communication

channel. The distance, directional and DEF functions

are thus flexible in configuration, to operate in shared

channel logic or in discrete modes.

> Delta Directional Comparison

Superimposed voltage and current signals are used to

make highly-secure fault directional decisions.

The respective forward/reverse decisions at each line

end can be used in a teleprotection scheme, for full line

unit protection as proven in the LFDC product.

The advantage is a channel send even faster than for

distance aided schemes.

> Directional Earth Fault (DEF)

The DEF element can be used within the aided

schemes to detect high resistance ground faults.

The innovative "Virtual Current Polarizing" feature even

ensures correct operation when the fault generates

negligible zero or negative sequence voltage.

Traditional relays would have required an extra

CT input to cover this scenario - not required for the

MiCOMhoP443.

> InterMiCOM (optional)InterMiCOM allows high performance permissive and

blocking type unit protection to be configured, plus

transfer of any digital status information between line

ends. Intertripping is supported too, with channel

health monitoring and cyclic redundancy checks (CRC)

on the received data for maximum message security.

InterMiCOM provides eight end-end signals, assignable

to any function within a MiCOM relay's programmable

logic. Default failsafe states can be set in case of

channel outage.

BACKUP PROTECTION

> Overcurrent Protection

Four stages of both phase and earth (ground) fault

protection are provided with a choice of standard IDMT

curves (Figure 7). Negative sequence overcurrent is

also available.

> Voltage Protection

Phase under and overvoltage protection functions are

available in addition to residual overvoltage.

> Broken ConductorThis protection detects the percentage phase

unbalance due to an open phase condition.

> Thermal Overload

A thermal replica provides alarm and trip stages, to warn

and protect in the event of prolonged circuit overloading.

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IEC Standard inverse t = TMSx

IEC Very inverse t = TMSx

IEC Extremely inverse t = TMSx

UK Long time inverse t = TMSx

IEEE Moderately inverse

t = TDx

IEEE Very inverse

IEEE Extremely inverse

US CO8 Inverse

US CO2 Short timeinverse

t = TDx

t = TDx

t = TDx

t =TD

x

0.14

(IIs -1)0.02

13.5

(IIs -1)

80

(IIs -1)2

120

(IIs -1)

0.0515

(IIs -1)0.02

+ 0.114

19.61

(IIs -1)2

+ 0.491

28.2

(IIs -1)2 + 0.1217

5.95

(IIs -1)2 + 0.18

0.16758

(IIs -1)0.02 + 0.11858

IEEE/US curves

TD = 1

IEC/UK curves

TMS = 1

TD 0.01 to 100TMS 0.025 to 1.2

IEEE MI

IEEE VI

IEEE EI

US CO8

US CO2

100101

Current (Multiples of Is)

0.1

1

10

100

Operating

time(s)

UK LTI

IEC SI

IEC VI

IEC EI

1000

100

10

1

0.1100101

Current (Multiples of Is)

Operating

time(s)

Figure 7

IEC and IEEE/ANSI IDMT

Figure 8 PSL Editor (MiCOM S1)

SUPERVISORY FUNCTIONS

> High speed breaker failure

Two stage circuit breaker failure protection for

backtripping upstream circuit breakers, and re-tripping

of the local circuit breaker if required.

> VT supervision (fuse fail)

Voltage transformer supervision is provided to detect

loss of one, two or three VT signals.

> CT supervision

Current transformer supervision is provided to detect

loss of phase CT input signals.

CONTROL

> Hotkey menu

Trip and close commands are facilitated from front

panel "hotkeys", to allow direct CB control without the

need to navigate a menu. Other in/out, on/off and

enable/disable controls are easily programmed.

> Autoreclose with check synchronism

The user may select a single, two, three

or four shot autoreclose cycle.

> Programmable scheme logic

Powerful graphical logic allows the user to customize

the protection and control functions.

The gate logic includes OR, AND and majority gate

functions, with the ability to invert the inputs and

outputs, and provide feedback. The system is

optimized to ensure that the protection outputs are not

delayed by the PSL operation.

The programmable scheme logic is configured usingthe graphical MiCOM S1 PC software, as shown in

Figure 8.

The relay outputs may be configured as latching (eg

"Lockout") or self-reset.

> User Interface

The user interface and menu text are available in

English, French, German and Spanish as standard.

The ability to customize the menu text and alarm

descriptions is also supported.

> Password Protection

Password protection may be independently applied

to the front user interface, front communications

port and rear communications port. Two levels of

password protection are available providing access

to the controls and settings respectively.

> Measurement and recording facilities

All event, fault and disturbance records are time

tagged to a resolution of 1ms. An optional IRIG-B port

is available for accurate time synchronization.

> Power system measurementsInstantaneous and time integrated voltage, current and

power measurements are provided. These may be

viewed in primary, or secondary values.

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A = Clearanceholes

177.0(4U

483 (19 rack)

177.00

Front

413.20

All dimensions in

157.5 max

Side30.00

240.00Incl. wiring

Secondary cover (when

74.90

159.00

62.00

168.00

116.55 142.45

155.40 129.50

408.90

A A A

A AA

12 off holes Dia. 3.4

4.50

406.90

Figure 9 Case size MiCOMho P443 (80 TE)

POST FAULT ANALYSIS

> Fault location

A fault location algorithm provides distance to fault in

miles, kilometres, ohms or percentage of the line length.

The proven algorithm used tolerates pre-fault loading

and fault arc resistance.

> Event records

Up to 500 time-tagged event records are stored in

battery backed memory.

> Fault records

The last 5 faults are stored :

Indication of the faulted phase

Protection operation

Active setting group

Fault location (distance to fault)

Relay and CB operating time

Pre-fault and fault currents, voltages and frequency

> Disturbance records

The oscillography has 8 analog channels, 32 digital and

1 time channel, all at a resolution of 48 samples/cycle.

Disturbance records can be extracted from the relay via

the remote communications and saved in the

COMTRADE format.

PLANT SUPERVISION

> Trip circuit supervision

Supervision of the trip circuit can be implemented using

optocoupled inputs and the programmable scheme

logic.

> CB State monitoring

An alarm will be generated if there is a discrepancy

between the open and closed CB auxiliary contacts.

> Circuit breaker condition monitoring

Monitoring the number of breaker tr ip operations

Recording the sum of broken current quantity

(interruption duty)

Ix, 1.0 x 2.0

Monitoring the breaker operating time

> Remote auxiliary communications

Two auxiliary communication ports are available; a rear

port providing remote communications and a front port

providing local communications. An additional, second

rear port can be ordered as an option.

Any of the following listed rear port protocols can be

chosen at the time of ordering.

Courier/K-Bus

IEC 60870-5-103

DNP 3.0

> Second rear Courier port/ InterMiCOM board

The optional second port is designed typically for dial-

up modem access by protection engineers/operators,

when the main port is reserved for SCADA traffic.Selecting this board also ensures that the relay has

InterMiCOM hardware fitted, as both options reside on

the same board.

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AUTOMATION-L3-P443-BR-01.05-0817-GB

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AREVA T&D Worldwide Contact Centre:

http://www.areva-td.com/contactcentre/

Tel.: +44 (0) 1785 250 070

www.areva-td.com

AREVA TRACK RECORD -

HIGH SPEED DISTANCE PROTECTION

>> Micromho subcycle distance protection deployed on EHV systems

since 1983 - over 2500 relays supplied.

Very fast mho characteristic relay.

>> Quadramho distance protection launched in 1984,

adding quadrilateral characteristics to the range.

>> Optimho universal mho and quadrilateral relays launched

in1989. Over 11500 units delivered.

>> Numerical implementation and phase selection proven in sub-cycle

LFDC and LFZR relays.

>> Over 6500 MiCOM P44x family distance relays delivered

since launching in 1999

Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly thedesign of our products may change at any time. Whilst everyeffort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochureshould only be regarded as a guide and is intended forinformation purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offerfor sale or advise on the application of any product referred to init. We cannot be held responsible for any reliance on anydecisions taken on its contents without specific advice.