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PaintinganAzoreanwhalingCanoe
Thelessonisintendedforstudentswithlittleornoexperience.You’lllearntomakearealisticpaintingofanAzoreanwhalingCanoe.Itisa‘How-to’lesson,whichfocusesontechniquesthatmakedifficultthingseasy,ratherthanexplainingthegeneralbackgroundprinciples.We’llguideyouthroughtheprocessstepbystep.You’lldoanumberofthingsthatstudentsingeneralfinddifficult:
• Paintwater• Paintcloudsinthesky• Paintsails• Paintaboatinperspective.
Beforestarting
1) Lookextensivelyattheexamplepicture.Askyourselfthefollowingquestions:Whatareimportantlinesinthepicture?Whatisthecolorofthesea?Thesky?Whatisthecolorofthedarkerpartsoftheclouds?Whatisthecolorofthefoamatthebow?Whatisthecolorofthesails?
2) Wediscusssomeelementaryissues:-Thenotionofavanishingpointfortheboat.-Aerialperspectiveincloudyskies:objectsfaratthehorizonhavegreyishcolorsduetothedispersionoflightbecauseofwatervaporintheair.Colorblueisdarkerhighinthesky.Cloudsarebiggerontopofthepainting.Cloudshavelightatthetopandshadowatthebottom.Useinstablecolormixforshadeofclouds.-Structureofwateranditsperspective.Biggerwavesnearthebottomofthepainting.Ontopofthewavestheskyisreflected.Atthebottomofthewavesyoulookinsidethewaveintothedarkerwater.-mixingpaint:Primaryandsecondarycolors,countercolors,thetheoryofmixing2colors.Mixing3ormorepigmentstogetbrownandgreyinstablecolors.
3) Youbuildupapainting1)frombackgroundtoforegroundand2)fromdarktolightand3)fromleantofatpaint.MindYou:Whenthepaintdriesitbecomesdarker!
TheprojectCutasquarepieceofcanvasof44x44cmandstapleittoyouworkboard.Makesureitisflat:stretchitabitdiagonallywhenstapling.Defineaworkareaof39x39cmwithtape2,5cmfromtheedges.ApplyaroughundercoatofburntSiennatotheworkareawithalargebrush.Donotuse
muchwater.TheburntSiennaactsasacountercolorforthegeneralbluetoneofthepainting.Itforcesyoutocoverallofthesurfacewithpaintandtousewhitepaintforthelighterpartsoftheimage.Drythesurfacewithahairdryer.Withapenciladdmarksonthetapeonthesideoftheworkareathatindicatethehorizon,13cmfrom
thebottomoftheworkarea.Donotdrawintheworkarea.(Youshoulddrawallittleaspossibleintheworkareaasyouwillhavetoremovethelineswithaneraserlater.)I)Mixmiddletoneforwater:Phtaloblue,Yellowochre,BurntSiennaandTitanWhiteintoadarkgreenishhue.StartwithatinybitofPhtalobluesincethispigmentisverystrong
(professionalpainterscallit‘Fatalo-Blue’).Addsomeochretogetagreenishhue.Add
someSiennatotoneitdown.Lightenupwithwhite.Coverthelowerpartofthepaintinginthiscolortojustabovethehorizonline.Thisseal-likecoloractsasamiddletone.Laterweaddlightpaintinthecoloroftheskyforthereflectionofthesky,anddarkerpaintforthepartswherewelookintothewater.Drythesurfacewithahairdryer.II)Whentheseaisdryyoumarkthelineofthehorizonwithtapeoverthedrysurface.Makesureyouhavetapethatstickswell,soyoucanpaintastraighthorizon.Mixthreesetsoftonesforthesky:-Cobaltblue,YellowochreandBurntSiennaintoagreyishhuefortheshadowsofthesky.-TitanWhiteandCobaltblueforthebluepatchesofsky(somewhatdarkerfortheupperpartofthepainting).Ifyouwant,youcanaddtinybitsofochreand/orburntSiennatotonethebluecolordownabit.-PureTitanwhiteforthelighterpartoftheclouds.Addsomelemonyellowandcrimsonclosetothehorizon.Useaseparatebrushforthewhitetomakesurethecolorstaysclear!Lookatthesky,cloudsaboveyouinfrontaremuchbiggerthantheonesafar,andtheskyislighterblue(withmoreyellow)andcloudsareverysmallatthehorizon.III)LookattheshapeofthevolcanoPicoandhowhighitisinrelationtotheboat.Paintitwiththepigmentsusedforthesea.IV)Nowtherearefourlinesthatdefinethecontouroftheboat.Themeasurementsareonthehandout.Fromtherightuppercorner8cm,3cm,17cm,15cm,4cmand8cm.Onlydrawthelinesthataredirectlyaroundthehulloftheboat.Markthecurveofthegunwalewithasmoothcurvedlinethattouchesthelowerhorizontalline.
V)Whenyouhavedrawntheseyoucanstartwiththewater.Thetopofawavereflectsthesky.Souselightercoloroftheskytomarkthewaveswithhorizontalbrushstrokes.Paintthewavesinperspective.Largeatthebottomofthepaintingwithspacearoundthestrokestosuggestthepartswherethereisno
reflectionofthesky.Theybecomesmallertowardsthehorizonandatthehorizonyouonlyseereflectedsurface.Makesurethelightercoloralsodefinestheshapeoftheboat.Leavespaceforthereflectionoftheboat.VI)Definethegangwayoftheboatandtheinterior.Suggestthegunwaleoftheboatwithonecurvedfinebrushstrokeofburntumber.Putafinelineofcrimsonabovethisandmixitwithwhiteonplaceswherethelightisreflected(underthejib).Indicatethebenchesintheboat.Notethattheyroughlymakea90-degreeanglewiththemastinthedirectionoftheslopeofthevolcano.Don’tbotheraboutthetopoftheboat,Itwillbebehindthesails.VII)AddthedarkershadesoftheboatusinghorizontalbrushstrokeswithamixofburntSiennaandPhtaloblue.VIII)Paintthesprayatthebow.Notethatthefoamisnotpurelywhitebutroughlyhasthecoloroftheshadesoftheclouds.Notethatthewaveslagbehindtheboat.Thereisroughlyawaveatthebowandoneatthestern.Usesomepurewhitforthelightpatchunderthejib.IX)Themainsailisdefinedbyfourlinesthatcanbemarkedonthetapededgesofyourcanvas.Themeasurementsare(clockwisefromtherightuppercorner):5cm,8cm,2,5cm,10cm(notethattheboomofmainsailendsmoreorlessatthehorizon),10cm14cm.Adjusttapearoundtheformofthemainsail.Makesurethatthetopofthelowergunwaleiscoveredwithtapebutthatthehorizonisfree.MarkthetypicalScurveattheleachofthesailwithtape.Markthehumpofthecurvebywrinklingthetapeononesideandthehollowpartofthecurvewithpiecesoftape(Seepicturebelow).Paintthesailwithyellowochre,umbercobaltblueandtitanwhite.Besurethatthefrontofthesailislighter,andsoisthebottom.Removethetape.
X)Letthemainsaildrybeforeyoutapetheformofthejib.Threepointsdefineit:1)closetothemastjustundertheupperpartofthemainsail,2)nearthebow,3)inthelowerleftpartofthemainsail.Paintitinthesamewayasthemainsail.Notelighterpartsofthejib.XI)Paintthemast,gaffandboomsunderthesail,withamaulstickasarulerandathinbrush.Signthepainting.Done!