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Pathways of Glucose Metabolism
Blood Glucose
Cellular Glucose
Pyruvate
GlycogenRibose +
NADPH
Lactate
Ethanol
Acetyl-CoA
Fats
NADPH
TCA Cycle
RNA & DNA
Ribulose-P+ NADPH + CO2
Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis
Glycogen synthesis
Glycogen degradation
PentosePhosphatePathwayPhotosynthesis
Anaerobic Metabolism
NADH
O2
H2O
ElectronTransport
Lipogenesis
O
OHOH
OH
OH
CH2OH
O
OHOH
OH
OH
CH2 O PO
OO
hexokinase
Early Stages of Glycolysis-Priming the Pump
ATP ADP
O
OHOH
CH2OPO
OO
N N
N N
NH2
PO
OO
PO
OO O
OHOH
CH2OPO
OO
N N
N N
NH2
PO
OO
ATP ADP
O
OHOH
OH
OH
CH2 O PO
OO O CH2OH
OHOH
OH
CH2 O P
O
OO
phosphoglucoseisomerase
Early Stages of Glycolysis-Priming the Pump
Early Stages of Glycolysis-Priming the Pump
O CH2OH
OHOH
OH
CH2 O P
O
OO
CCH2
C HOHC OHHC OHHCH2
O
O
PO O
O
O
PO O
O
ATP ADP
phosphofructokinase
Intermediate Stages of Glycolysis-split the hexose & extract the energy
CCH2
C HOHC OHHC OHHCH2
O
O
PO O
O
O
PO O
O
aldolase
C
CH2
OCH2OH
OP OO
O C OHC OHH
CH2
O
P OO
O
+
This reaction is an Aldol reaction. The six carbon fructose is split into 2 three carbon sugars.
Intermediate Stages of Glycolysis-Start extracting the energy
C OHC OHH
CH2
O
P OO
O
C OC OHH
CH2
O
P O
O
O
O
PO
O
O
PiNAD+ NADH
G-3-P dehydrogenase
Intermediate Stages of Glycolysis-1st ATP made
C OC OHH
CH2
O
P O
O
O
O
PO
O
O
ADP ATP
Phosphoglycerate kinase
C OC OHH
CH2
OP OO
O
O
O
OHOH
CH2OPO
OO
N N
N N
NH2
PO
OO
O
OHOH
CH2OPO
OO
N N
N N
NH2
PO
OO
PO
OO
ATPADP
Terminal Stages of Glycolysis
OP OO
OC OCH
CH2
O
OH
C OC OHH
CH2
OP OO
O
O
phosphoglycerate mutase
Terminal Stages of Glycolysis
OP OO
OC OCH
CH2
O
OHenolase
OP OO
OC OCH
CH2
O
Dehydration of an alcohol to an alkene (shown in blue)
Terminal Stages of Glycolysis
pyruvate kinase
OP OO
OC OCH
CH2
O
C OC
CH3
O
O
ADP ATP
ATPADP
O
OHOH
CH2OPO
OO
N N
N N
NH2
PO
OO O
OHOH
CH2OPO
OO
N N
N N
NH2
PO
OO
PO
OO
Glycogen Metabolism
Glucose
Glucose-6-Phosphate
Fructose-6-Phosphate
Glucose-1-Phosphate
UDP-Glucose
Glycogen
BranchedGlycogen
ATP
ADP H2O
PiUTP
PPi
Pi
Glycogen synthase
Glycogen phosphorylase
Glycogen Synthesis
Glycogen Synthesis
Structure of Epinephrine
Structure of cAMP
G-protein Cascade for Glycogen degradation
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