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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011Perspective Drawing
Rectilinear forms have three sets of parallel lines that
showheight, width and depth. This cube is color coded to show
each
set of parallel lines. There are many ways to draw 3D forms
in
2D. This cube is shown in isometric projection. That mean
that
there is no dimensional distortion; there are no converging
lines.
This kind of drawing is often used for technical drawings.
The key to good perspective drawing
in Illustrator is to properly set up your
construction lines. In order to do this
effectively, you will need to understand
how each element relates to the others.
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011Perspective Drawing
In order for a drawing to convey a sense of depth, we need
to
use perspective. This is how the human eye perceives
objects.
Lines in a perspective drawing converge towards a common
point. This Escher print uses three point perspective.
This is an example of one point perspective. Notice
how two sets of lines are still parallel, but the set
showing depth is converging towards a point on the
Horizon line. These lines are built along guide lines
that run from the foreground to the Vanishing Point.
Vanishing Point
Horizon
Line
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011Perspective Drawing
In two point perspective, two sets of parallel lines run
towards two separate Vanishing Points on the Horizon.
Only one set of parallel lines remains. Notice that
the vertical lines that indicate the objects height get
shorter the further away from the viewer they are. The
closer the Vanishing Points, the more distortation there
will be in the image.
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
pp
obs 1
obs 2
obs 3
TopView
vp vp hl
gp
vp vp
vp vp
Observer
Distant
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Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Observer Heightobs 1
obs 2
obs 3
vp vp
vp vp
vp vp
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Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Observer Position
pp
obs
TopView
vp vp hl
gp
obs
TopView
vp vp
obs
TopView
Angles
60/30
Angles
45/45
Angles
30/60
vp
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Cone of Focus
VP VP
CF
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Cone of Focus
TOP
VIEW
OBSERVER
CIRCLE OF FOCUS
PICTORIAL VIEW SIDE VIEW
OBJ
PP
GP
CF
CS1
CS1
CS1
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Cone of Focus
OBSERVER
OBSERVER
PICTUREPLANE
PICTUREPLANE
CONE OF FOCUS
45 60
CONE OF FOCUS
45 60
1 2 2 1 2 3
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Cone of Focus
EL
EYE
50 30
40
CV
LIM
IT
OFTHE
EYES
VIEW
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Cone of Focus
EL
EYE
50 30
40
CVLIM
IT
OFTHE
EYES
VIEW
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Circles in Perspective
EYE LEVEL
EYE LEVEL
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Circles in Perspective
MORE
LESS
EQUAL
EQUAL
4
1
3
2 DIAMETER
AXIS
MAJOR AXIS
MINOR
AXIS
DIAMETER
PLANE
TOP VIEW
MAJOR AXIS
MAJOR AXIS
MAJOR AXIS
4
1
3
2
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ID@GT
Prof.TimPurdy
2011
Circles in PerspectiveCircles in Perspective
horizontal plane vertical plane horizontal plane vertical
plane
draw any perspective square draw any perspective square draw any
perspective square; divide into
4 parts; locate mid points
draw any perspective square; divide into
4 parts; locate mid points
locate center and 4 mid points locate center and 4 mid points
divide into 16 parts divide into 16 parts
perspective
center
estimate somewhat 2/3
distance from 0 to cornerestimate somewhat 2/3 distance from 0
to
corner
locate 8 additional points using
rectangle diagonals
locate 8 additional points using
rectangle diagonals
draw ellipse
minor axis coincides
draw ellipse
minor axis coincides
8 point 12 point
1
1 1=2 1=2 1=2
4 3
2
21 2
1
2
1=2
1
2
