Persuasive SpeechesChapter 16 Recap/Lecture

Your next speech…. 4 to 6 minutes (Change from syllabus) Materials: Keyword outline & note cards

Visual aid: PowerPoint (emailed to powerpoints2goldman@gmail.com by 8 p.m. on the day before your presentation; also bring back up copy)

Research required: at least 4 sources (with citations)

Areas of Focus: EVERYTHING

Informative vs. Persuasive Knowledge and Understanding vs.

Attempting to change or convince Similarities: clear and concise,

organized, strong delivery, ethical, credible, appropriate use of language

Importance/Role of Persuasion Persuasive speech: ‘attempting to

create, reinforce, or change your audience’s beliefs or actions’ (p. 300)

Understanding persuasion—important for speakers and listeners

Speaker as advocate

Ethical Persuasion Ethical goals and methods Avoid subtle and blatant dishonesty Power of language ‘learn about all sides of issue and

competing viewpoints’ (p. 301)

Persuasion as Psychological Process 2 or more viewpoints; competing or different

angle/degree Degrees of Persuasion

Strongly opposed -------------- Strongly in favor Audience analysis/centeredness knowledge

AND attitude Mental dialogue (give and take) with audience Set realistic goals

Will everyone change their beliefs/opinions after hearing one speech?

Target Audiences; Audience Centeredness Advertising = big example of persuasion

and targeting audiences Check out these ads; what’s the

persuasive message & who is the target audience?

Types of Persuasive Speeches Persuasive speeches on

Questions of Fact Questions of Value Questions of Policy

Addressing Questions of Fact True answer exists; may not have

enough information yet Inconclusive info

Speculations and Predictions Choose side -- present those facts,

persuasively Popular org. pattern – Topical

Main points = reasons to agree

Addressing Questions of Value Includes facts; Demands value

judgments Right or wrong? Good or bad? Moral or

immoral? Fair or unfair? Pick a side; justify your claim

Standards for the value judgment? Popular org. pattern – Topical

Establish the standards apply the standards

Addressing Questions of Policy Course of action – should or shouldn’t be

taken Can include questions of fact and/or value;

step further by deciding what should be done

Passive agreement vs. Immediate action Convincing that something should be done vs.

Convincing someone to do what should be done (specific call to action)

Must identify need, plan, and practicality

Addressing Questions of Policy

Popular org. patterns Problem-Solution Order

Need/seriousness of problem plan for solving the problem/practicality

Problem-Cause-Solution Order Identify the problem analyze cause of problem

solution to problem Comparative Advantages Order

Each main point = why your solution is better than others

Monroe’s Motivated Sequence (MMS) Attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, action

SPEECH WORKSHOP In class today:

HW: Examples of speeches Brainstorming and Audience Analysis

Next class (Thursday): MMS speeches/Infomercials