Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

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Energy and Life

The Reactions of

Photosynthesis

Leaf Structure and

Function

Anaerobic Cellular

Respiration

Aerobic Cellular

Respiration

FINAL ROUND

Topic 1:

$100 Question

Where does the energy of food originally come from?

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ANSWER

Topic 1:

$100 Answer

Light energy that is captured by autotrophs using photosynthesis.

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Topic 1:

$200 Question

What is the principal chemical compound that organisms use to deliver energy where it is needed to perform life processes?

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ANSWER

Topic 1:

$200 Answer

ATP

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Topic 1:

$300 Question

What are two ways in which cells use the energy provided by ATP?

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ANSWER

Topic 1:

$300 Answer

Possible answers include:

Active Transport

Cell Movement

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Topic 1:

$400 Question

Why is it efficient for cells to keep only a small supply of ATP on hand?

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ANSWER

Topic 1:

$400 Answer

ATP can only store energy for short periods of time. As a result, it must constantly be generated within cells.

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Topic 1:

$500 Question

What is the source of energy to regenerate ATP? What two molecules are joined to form ATP using this energy?

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ANSWER

Topic 1:

$500 Answer

The energy to join ADP with phosphate to form ATP comes from carbohydrates like glucose.

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Topic 2:

$100 Question

Write the overall equation for photosynthesis using both words and a balanced chemical equation. BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Topic 2:

$100 Answer

Carbon dioxide + Water Glucose + Oxygen

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

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Topic 2:

$200 Question

What does photosynthesis require in addition to water and carbon dioxide?

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ANSWER

Topic 2:

$200 Answer

Light energy and chloroplasts

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Topic 2:

$300 Question

In what regions of the visible spectrum does chlorophyll absorb light very well?

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ANSWER

Topic 2:

$300 Answer

Red and Blue

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Topic 2:

$400 QuestionWhere do the light-dependent reactions take place? AND

Which of the following is/are true about the light-dependent reactions.

a. They convert ADP into ATP.

b. They produce oxygen gas.

c. They convert oxygen into carbon dioxide.

d. They convert NADP+into NADPH.

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ANSWER

Topic 2:

$400 Answer

The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of the grana

The following are true about the light-dependent reactions.

a. They convert ADP into ATP.

b. They produce oxygen gas.

c. They convert oxygen into carbon dioxide.

d. They convert NADP+ into NADPH. BACK TO GAME

Topic 2:

$500 QuestionWhere do the light-independent reactions take place?

Which of the following is/are true about the light- independent reactions.

a. The main products of the light-independent reactions are six carbon dioxide molecules.

b. Carbon dioxide molecules enter the light-independent reactions from the atmosphere.

c. Energy from ATP and high-energy electrons from NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide molecules into glucose molecules.

d. The light-independent reactions use six molecules of carbon dioxide to produce a single 6-carbon sugar molecule.

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ANSWER

Topic 2:

$500 Answer

The light-independent reactions take place in the stroma

The following are true about the light- independent reactions.

a. The main products of the light-independent reactions are six carbon dioxide molecules.

b. Carbon dioxide molecules enter the light-independent reactions from the atmosphere.

c. Energy from ATP and high-energy electrons from NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide molecules into glucose molecules.

d. The light-independent reactions use six molecules of carbon dioxide to produce a single 6-carbon sugar molecule.

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Topic 3:

$100 Question

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ANSWER

What is the name and function of structure A?

A

Topic 3:

$100 Answer

The palisade layer is the main location where photosynthesis occurs

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Topic 3:

$200 Question

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ANSWER

What is the name and function of structure B?

B

Topic 3:

$200 Answer

The waxy cuticle helps prevent water loss from the leaf

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Topic 3:

$300 Question

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ANSWER

What is the name and function of structure C?

C

Topic 3:

$300 Answer

The vein, composed of xylem and phloem, conducts materials to and from leaf tissues

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Topic 3:

$400 Question

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ANSWER

What is the name and function of structures D and E?

D

E

Topic 3:

$400 Answer

D- The stomate allows gas exchange between the leaf and the environment

E- The guard cells form and regulate the size of the stomate

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Topic 3:

$500 Question

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ANSWER

What is the name and function of structure F?

F

Topic 3:

$500 Answer

The spongy layer provides air spaces so that atmospheric gases can reach deep into the interior of the leaf

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Topic 4:

$100 Question

What are the main differences between anaerobic and aerobic cellular respiration?

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ANSWER

Topic 4:

$100 Answer

Anaerobic: no O2 needed, little energy released from glucose

Aerobic: O2 needed, lots of energy released from glucose

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Topic 4:

$200 Question

What are the two main stages of anaerobic cellular respiration and where do they occur within a cell?

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ANSWER

Topic 4:

$200 Answer

Glycolysis Fermentation

Both occur in the cytoplasm

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Topic 4:

$300 Question

What are the three major products of glycolysis? How many molecules of each product are made per glucose? BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Topic 4:

$300 Answer

Glycolysis produces:

a net of 2ATP’s (use 2, produce 4)

2 NADH’s

2 pyruvic acids

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Topic 4:

$400 Question

How does fermentation allow glycolysis to continue?

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ANSWER

Topic 4:

$400 Answer

Fermentation recycles the carrier molecule NADH back to NAD+.

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Topic 4:

$500 Question

What are the two main types of fermentation?

What are the products of each type?

During rapid exercise, how do your muscle cells produce ATP?

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ANSWER

Topic 4:

$500 Answer

The two main types of fermentation are:

1. Alcoholic: produces ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide

2. Lactic Acid: produces lactic acid

When O2 levels are low, human muscle cells rely on lactic acid fermentation to produce ATP

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Topic 5:

$100 Question

What are the main stages of aerobic cellular respiration and where do they occur within a cell?

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ANSWER

Topic 5:

$100 Answer

Glycolysis Kreb’s Cycle ETC*

*electron transport chain

Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm

Kreb’s and ETC occur in the mitochondria

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Topic 5:

$200 Question

How many molecules of ATP are produced in the complete breakdown of glucose during aerobic cellular respiration?

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ANSWER

Topic 5:

$200 Answer

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36 ATP’s

Topic 5:

$300 Question

During the energy extraction part of the Krebs cycle, how many molecules of CO2 are released per glucose? BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Topic 5:

$300 Answer

6 molecules of CO2

(3 for each of the two pyruvic acids that enter the cycle)

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Topic 5:

$400 Question

From where does the electron transport chain get the high-energy electrons that are passed down the chain? BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Topic 5:

$400 Answer

The electrons are carried to the electron transport chain by NADH and FADH2 molecules.

(The original source of these electrons is hydrogen atoms from glucose.)

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Topic 5:

$500 Question

What is the energy of the high-energy electrons used for every time 2 high-energy electrons move down the electron transport chain?

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ANSWER

Topic 5:

$500 Answer

The energy is used to actively transport H+ particles across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The concentration gradient that is created is then used to power the production of ATP.

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Comparing Photosynthesis

and

Cellular Respiration

FINAL ROUND Question

If photosynthesis is the process that “deposits” energy in a “savings account,” then what is cellular respiration?

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ANSWER

FINAL ROUND Answer

Cellular respiration “withdraws” the energy that was deposited by photosynthesis and re-invests the energy into ATP.

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