PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Energy• Stored in chemical

bonds of compounds.

• Compounds that store energy: ATP, and NADPH.

• When bonds are broken, energy is released.

• Chief energy storing molecule.• Made of: Adenine, Ribose, Phosphates• Used for:

– Mechanical functions– Active transport– Breakdown/synthesis of large molecules

• Regenerates

ATP

Sources of Energy• Autotrophs

– can make own food– photosynthesis– producers

• Heterotrophs– get food from others– consumers

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

The process by which autotrophs(plants) convertsunlight into a usable form of energy.

Leaves contain an important pigment called chlorophyll.Chlorophyll

absorbs red, blue and violet wavelengths of light from the sun and reflects the color green.

Chlorophyll is located in an organelle called chloroplast.

Chloroplast carries out the process of photosynthesis

3 structures of chloroplast:Thylakoid (single disks that absorb energy & act like tiny batteries)

Grana (stacks of thylakoid)

Stroma: gel-like materialthat lies between thestacks of grana and actsas an insulator.

2 cycles for Photosynthesis

1. Light-Dependent Reactions (light phase) - •Occurs in the grana.•Leaf takes in sunlight &

water together with ADP & NADP+.•Makes ATP, oxygen and

NADPH.

2.Light-Independent Reactions or Calvin Cycle (dark phase)-

•Occurs in the stroma.•Needs carbon dioxide.•Uses ATP & NADPH for

energy & hydrogen. • The end product is

glucose which is stored as starch if not used immediately.

Chemical Equation for

Photosynthesis

6 CO2+ 6 H2O 6 O2 + C6H12O6 Carbon dioxide +water +sunlight (yields) oxygen +

glucose

sunlight

How does this relate to Cellular Respiration?

PHOTOTROPISM

• Response to light