Piggery Digester

Piggery Digester Systems

Turn Your Waste into Energy

Waste Solutions LtdBusiness Support Division1st Floor, John Wickliffe House265 - 269 Princes Street, Dunedin

PO Box 997, Dunedin, New ZealandPh + 64 3 477 2375 Fax + 64 3 479 2249Email [email protected]

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Odour Reduction Green Energy Improved Effluent Quality Carbon Credits

© Copyright Waste Solutions 2008 Page 2

About Us

History and ServicesWaste Solutions has its origins in the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture, where, as a direct consequence of the oil crisis in the 1970’s, a number of scientists and engi-neers commenced exploring alternative energy sources. We have a thirty five year history of researching, developing and implementing innovative treatment tech-nologies for wastes. Our skill base and experience is very wide and in the 70’s wedeveloped techniques which saw us running a small fleet of New Zealand government vehicles on biogas - a fuel source which is finally becoming widely available in several European countries.

When oil prices were low we have also expanded our expertise into areas of more tradi-tional wastewater treatment and we pride ourselves on being able to solve problems with difficult wastes where others have failed. We have a comprehensive portfolio of success-ful projects and a number of patented solutions all of which places Waste Solutions in the very front edge of environmental innovation.

The group is now owned by Downer EDI, an Australasian-based engineering infrastructure company with a turnover in excess of USD 5.0 Billion (2008).Waste Solutions achieved accreditation to the international quality standards ISO 9001 in February 1998.

The Waste Solutions Biotechnology Group comprises:

• Waste Solutions Ltd, for consultancy, laboratory, research, testing, engineering and design.

• Total Construction Ltd, for construction, supply and installation of components and plants as well as for turnkey projects.

• Environmental Operations Ltd, for the contract operation of treatment plants.

The team at Waste Solutions includes scientists, engineers, biotechnologists, laborato-ry and instrumentation technicians, process engineers and project managers. We have in-depth experience of waste to energy process design and treatment plant design over a broad range of industrial wastes, sewage treatment and biological processes. Experience spans the range from “natural” treatment technologies for small-flows to combined physico-chemical and biological treatment for sophisticated waste to energy plants. Waste Solutions also provide professional project management, construction sup-port, commissioning assistance and automation design.

Waste Solutions installation in South East Asia


Experience CountsBiotechnology

Waste Solutions Limited has been developing innovative technologies to produce energy from waste and reduce greenhouse gas emissions for over 35 years. We provide comprehensive Waste, Energy and Environmental consulting and engineering services including:

Professional Advice• Waste Auditing and Analysis• Pre-project Planning (Engineering and Economic perspectives)• Laboratory Services - State-of-the-Art Scientific Facilities • Technology Development and Research• Pilot Plants• Process Design• Civil Engineering Design• Mechanical Engineering Design• Electrical Engineering Design• Process Control and Automation• Peer Reviews• Consent Processes• Project Management• Project Procurement• Site Supervision• Construction (including turn-key plants)• Commissioning • Plant Operational Services • Operations Monitoring and Support•

Flexibility

Waste Solutions provide vertical integrated solutions and we have the skills required for industrial, agricultural and food industry wastewater treatment and a number of innovative waste to energy solutions. We pride ourselves on being able to customise our systems and products and we adapt our solutions to meet site specific enviromental, financial and physical circumstances and to meet the needs of our clients.

Waste Solutions biogas piped to nearby factory in Thailand


Anaerobic Digestion

Waste Solutions are specialists in applied anaerobic digestion processes which offerlow-cost, energy efficient treatment options for animal wastes. An energy-rich biogasis produced and captured, driving the generation of heat and electricity as well as reducing odour. Systems can range from very simple covered pond designs, to advanced in-ground digester systems or above ground, tank based systems.

Low Cost Systems

Waste Solutions has over 35 years experience in designing and installing anaerobic treatment facilities with a special focus on inexpensive and highly efficient systems. Our designs have been successfully marketed internationally and we have completed highly innovative projects in Europe, North America, South East Asia, Australia, Fiji and New Zealand.Our wide range of experience allows site-specific recommendations taking into account the requirements of our clients, the environment and the budget available.

All of our systems have not only the environment in mind but also your pocket. Each of our waste treatment facilities produce biogas which can then be used in a number of ways for revenue or operational cost reductions;

~ Odour Reduction / Elimination ~ Power Generation~ Boiler Fuel~ Carbon Credit Offset~ Heating~ Cooling

Waste Solutions is part of the Downer EDI group of companies and we have designed facilities on all six continents.

Piggery Digester SystemsTurn your Waste into Energy

Waste Solutions treatment facility in Thailand



Odour Control

A major consideration in animal farming practices is odour control. Ponds treating pig effluent can produce up to 5,000 ppm hydrogen sulphide, and this potent-smelling gas is one of the main causes of the many public complaints about odour. A simple solution such as the covered pond option results in the reduction or total elimination of odour problems. Capturing of the biogas generated, followed by flaring or combustion in a boiler or genset results in the destruction of malodorous compounds. The higher efficiency treatment offered by Cigar and tank-based options results in a slightly improved effluent quality, further reducing odour concerns with effluent discharge.

Manure Handling

Anaerobic digestion options are affected by site specific variations such as manure handling, animal bedding and housing configuration. Therefore a site visit is required to develop the most suitable option for each situation. Examples of differences which affect reactor design are manure collection technique (dry scrape vs. flush systems), frequency, volume of water used, inclusion of bedding materials and proportion of manure collected.

Green Energy Production

The three treatment options allow the biogas generated to be captured. The gas can then be flared, used directly as a boiler fuel or cleaned and used for electricity production via a generator. Flaring results in odour destruction and reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and therefore potential carbon credits. Used as a boiler fuel, it provides hot water, and reduced costs in the form of fuel equivalents or electrical heating costs. Whilst production of electricity is the most capital intensive option, it does have the benefit of offering reduced costs in offset electricity purchase, and the electricity gener-ated can be used for any purpose. Due to the current low cost of electricity and high cost of fuel, use of biogas as boiler fuel offers the greatest financial return. But electricity generation is the most versatile use of biogas, and is a more attractive option in larger systems due to economy of scale.



Additional Benefits

1. The treated effluent (Green Water) generated by one of the three different reactor system below can be re-used as flush water in housing or yards, and a recycle stream is used to dilute solids in dry scrape systems to reduce water requirements.

2. Treatment by anaerobic digestion improves the nutrient value, resulting in digested effluent being a more valuable end product than untreated manure. The Nitrogen content is 40% higher and the Nitrogen / Phosphate ratio is increased. Nitrogen is also present in the more bio-available form, Ammonium.

3. Methane and carbon dioxide, the main components of biogas, are both greenhouse gases. In small scale situations where the biogas generated is too little to be economically used for boiler fuel or electricity generation, biogas flaring is a viable alternative allowing the potential to earn capital through carbon credits. When burnt in a flare, methane is converted into carbon dioxide, producing a gas stream which is 21−fold less hazardous tothe environment than allowing unmanaged biogas to be vented from open ponds.Under the Kyoto Protocol, preventing the emission of carbon into the atmosphere can be financially beneficial, offering additional advantages to anaerobic digestion systems.

Power Ponds™

Many farms already use ponds to capture and treat manure flushed from barns. Open ponds function as a facultative anaerobic treatment system, breaking down organic matter in the manure and producing a reduced strength effluent. This system generates the potent greenhouse gases methane and carbon dioxide, which are released into the atmosphere. A low cost optionfor manure treatment in this situation is the improvement of pond hydraulics increasingthe efficiency of anaerobic digestion, and coveringof the pond to capture the biogas produced. We call this solution a Power Pond ™. It has the double benefit of capturing and reducing carbon and odour emissions to the benefit of the environment, as well as providing a source of energy for the farm in the form of a high energy content biogas which can be used directly in boil-ers for the production of hot water, or in generator engines for the production of electricity.

~ Moderately Efficient in Producing Biogas~ Low Maintenance~ Odour Reduction or Elimination ~ Robust~ Moderate Level of Waste treatment



Cigar®

Cigar® is Waste Solutions trademarked Covered In−Ground Anaerobic Reactor design developed over two decades of working with agricultural wastes. Ideal in situations where space is not lim-ited, this design offers a low capital cost option with high efficiency waste treatment and energy recovery.These systems are flexible and highly robust, providing a long term sustainable solution. The design optimizes biogas production and capture,improving the amount of energy that can be generated in relation to a covered pond.

~ Highly Efficient in Producing Biogas~ Odour Reduction or Elimination~ Biologically Flexible and Robust~ Moderate Capital Cost~ High Level of Waste treatment

Tank Systems

Waste Solutions also design tank based options in wood or stainless steel for situations where a small footprint is critical. Tank−based design is more costly than in−ground options, however, for smaller scale operations, we offer a unique timber tank structure that offers significant cost reduc-tions over similar steel−based options. Tank sys-tems optimize mixing, allowing similar treatment efficiency and slightly higher biogas yields to be obtained in a smaller reactor volume in compari-son to a Cigar®. As with the two previous options, the biogas is captured and can be used for heat and/or electricity production.

~ Highly Efficient in Producing Biogas~ Higher Capital Cost~ Odour Reduction and Elimination~ High Level of Waste treatment

Waste Solutions LtdBusiness Support Division1st Floor, John Wickliffe House265 - 269 Princes Street, Dunedin

PO Box 997, Dunedin, New ZealandPh + 64 3 477 2375 Fax + 64 3 479 2249Email [email protected]

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