PLANTS

Characteristics of Plants

• Multi-cellular

• Non-mobile

• Cell walls are composed of cellulose

• Contain chloroplast with chlorophyll

• Photosynthetic

• Autotroph

Do you see what I see?

Write down as many parts of the plant cell can you label?

Chloroplast

Vacuole

Cell Membrane

Cell Wall

Nucleus

Look at this picture.

Can you label the parts of the plant?

•absorbs water and nutrients from the soil•anchors plants in the ground•prevents erosion

Fibrous roots – prevent erosion

Taproots – reach water deep in the ground

Roots: Monocot vs. Dicot

•helps to support the plant

•produce leaves

•transports substances throughout the plant

Phloem Xylem• transport the sugars

and other molecules created by the plant.

• Phloem is always alive.

• the system of tubes and transport cells that circulates water

• Xylem dies each year – producing tree rings

Stems: Monocot vs. Dicot

How old is this tree?

The leaves use sunlight to provide the plant with

energy through photosynthesis.

Leaves come in different shapes and sizes

Cross-section of a Leaf

Releasing O2 + H2O

Transpiration

Leaves: Monocot vs. Dicot

Monocot – parallel veins

Dicot – branched

veins

Turn to your neighbor and tell them 3 things you have learned about leaves.

The flower helps the plant to reproduce.

This is the name for the FEMALE part of the flower.

This is the name for the MALE part of the flower.

(aka Pistolfemale part)

(male part)

Flower: Monocot vs. Dicot

Monocots – multiples of 3

Dicots – multiples of 4 or 5

With a partner, draw and label a flower.

One person labels male parts and the other person labels the female.

Pollination

• Flowering plants use the wind, insects, bats, birds and mammals to transfer pollen from the male (stamen) part of the flower to the female (stigma) part of the flower.

Fertilization

• Pollen grains germinate on the stigma, growing down the style to reach an ovule.

• Fertilized ovules develop into seeds.

• The carpel enlarges to form the flesh of the fruit and to protect the ovary.

Fruit or Veggies?

With a partner, classify the following:

Cucumbers PotatoTomatoes StrawberryCarrots RadishOrange SquashPumpkin Green peppers

Seeds: Monocot vs. Dicot

• “Plant behavior”

Hormones • Auxin – causes cell growth towards the sun

• Cytokinins – cause plants to branch and seeds to sprout

• Gibberellins – cause plants to increase in size

• Ethylene – causes fruits to ripen

Tropisms• Gravitropism – roots

grow down, stems grow up

• Phototropism – growth towards light

• Thigmotropism – response to touch

Others…• Photoperiodism –

plants response to periods of light (day and night)

• Winter Dormancy – plants get ready for the winter (stop photosynthesis)

Plant Adaptations…

In spite of being rooted in the ground, plants need to have strategies that allow them the necessary “skills” to survive.

TRUE or FALSE

After each statement, move to the right side on the room for true or the left side for false.

Ready…

Quick Quiz

You have 3-5 minutes to review all of your notes.