PREFIX Ter-

WRITTEN BY :

EVI NILAM SARI

KKI 113.11.050

What is sometimes confusing when learningbahasa, are the prefixes and suffixes whichare added to the root word.

Below are some examples and anexplanation of the basic rules.

Don‟t worry about learning it all perfectly atthe beginning, at least you will beunderstood.

And here i would give an example the prefixter- in bahasa.

PREFIX ter-

• The prefix ter- is added to verb roots to form stative verbs. With a stative meaning-that is, roots that refer to the state of something or of a person, the prefix ter- forms a word that emphasizes the accidentally of the action by which the state came into being or that is has been possible for the state to have come into being. The following list gives stative forms that we have so far, which also occur prefixed by ter- :

Ter-

• Usage 1 : as a superlative, same as

English word “the most, or suffix -est”. This

ter- is always attached to an adjective.

• Example:

• Terbaik (best) = ter+baik(good)

• Terkecil (smallest) = ter+kecil (small)

• Terbesar (biggest) = ter+besar (big)

• Tercantik (most beautiful) =

ter+cantik(beautiful)

• Usage 2 : as passive form, similar to di-prefix, but used when the actor is not important. In most cases, it is same as the English –ed suffix (or past tense form).

• Example :

• Terbatas (limited) = ter+batas (limit)

• Terbentuk (formed) = ter+bentuk (form)

Example in sentence :

Bumi terbentuk tiga milyar tahun yang lalu

“The earth is formed three billions years ago.”

• Verbs with prefix ter- have three

categories:

1. Stative :These verbs refer to a state of

affairs and there is no action involved.

Root Ter- root Meaning

apung Di Kalimantan Selatan ada pasar terapung.In South Kalimantan there is a floating

market.

letak Koran itu terletak di atas meja. The newspaper is located on the table.

tulis Surat itu tertulis dalam bahasa Inggris. That letter is written in English.

buat Bajunya terbuat dari sutera. Her dress is made of silk.

2. Accidental :

Verbs in Indonesian distinguish

between accidental and deliberate

action.

The verb with prefix ter- forms a term

for a variety of uncontrolled actions,

unintended, unexpected, involuntary or

sudden.

• Deliberate

Tasnya ditinggalkan di kantor.

His bag was left at the office.

• Accidental

Tasnya tertinggal di kantor.

His bag was left at the office.

It can be transitive or intransitive.

• Intransitive

Maman tertidur di kelas.Maman fell asleep in class.

Tadi pagi saya terbangun jam lima.This morning I woke at five o’clock.

• Transitive

Buku saya terbawa oleh kamu.You took my book by mistake.

Obat itu terminum oleh saya.The medicine was accidentally drunk by me.

• The prefix ter- is also used to express

the passive voice, and the agent is of

no importance:

Ter- Root

• Penumpang itu terlempar ke laut.

• Kaki orang itu terinjak oleh Ahmad.

• Rumahnya terbakar tadi malam.

Meaning

• The passenger was accidentally thrown

outside.

• The man‟s foot was accidentally

trampled on by Ahmad.

• The house was burned down by

accident last night.

3. Abilitative

These verbs indicate that the agent has the ability to perform the action. All of them are transitive verbs and usually negated, indicating the inability. Sometimes the agent is not expressed.

Ter- root

• Mobil itu tidak terbeli oleh saya

• Suaranya tidak terdengar.

• Persoalan itu akhirnya terselesaikan.

• Kegagalan ini tidak terhindarkan.

Meaning

• I can‟t afford to buy that car.

• Her voice can‟t be heard.

• That problem is finally solved.

• This malfunction is unavoidable.

• Notes

The prefix ter- is also used to explain the greatest degree of a quality or quantity among two or more persons or things as a superlative form to replace the word „paling‟.

Root Meaning Ter- root Synonym Meaning

baik good terbaik paling baik the best

buruk bad terburuk paling buruk the worst

akhir end terakhir paling akhir the last one

banyak a lot terbanyak paling banyakthe greatest number,

majority, most

panjang long terpanjang paling panjang the longest

WISE WORD

Education is an ornament in prosperity and a refuge in adversity.

~Aristotle~