BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM

-A MILESTONE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

A N A N D.T.M

• Limited & outdated transport infrastructure

• Inadequate as well as uncoordinated land use & transport planning

• Sharply rising motor vehicle ownership & use

• fading bus services

Indian transport crisis has been exacerbated by

the extreme rapid growth of Indian cities in terms of

introduction

Indian cities face transport crisis like

CongestionPollutionTraffic losses and injuriesLack of parking place

• Bus rapid transit (BRT) is a term applied to a variety of public transport systems, emphasizes priority for and rapid movement of buses by securing segregated bus ways to provide faster, more efficient service than an ordinary bus line.

• BRTS is a new and cost effective way of providing high quality transit service with buses

• High capacity articulated buses operating in lanes reserved for their exclusive use

• It ensures fast, reliable, secure and high capacity service

BRTS CONCEPT

To approach the service quality of rail transit while still enjoying the cost savings and flexibility of bus transit.

Considering the factors such as • Travel demand• Ease of implementation• Potential of the route as an independent route.

Integration of BRTS with other proposals.

AIM

OBJECTIVES

Why BRTS ???

An Affordable Choice Many cities are now choosing Bus Rapid Transit for two important reasons: cost convenience

ADVANTAGES OF BRT OVER OTHER TRANSIT SYSTEMS

• BRT having more flexibility than Light Rail It can able to phase in service rather than having to wait for an entire system to be built, and it can also be used as an interim system until Light Rail is built

• BRT routes can also be adjusted and rerouted over time Bus Rapid Transit can respond to changes in employment, land use and community patterns. On the other hand, Light Rail Transit lines are fixed and cannot easily change to adjust to new patterns of housing and employment.

Bus Rapid Transit is a relatively inexpensive mode and can be implemented more widely. In case of cost consideration for construction of BRTS approximately about 5-20 crores per km whereas in metropolitan rails about 125 to 220 crores per km

• BRT is by far the most cost-effective means of providing rapid transit service

• Gestation time for Bus Rapid Transit System is relatively short. Systems can often be implemented quickly & incrementally.

• Efficient BRT network system with major cities, can serve larger geographical area.

provides intercity transport and economic development in and around the areas of BRT operation.

Planning and construction of 18 km span of BRTS will take 1 to 3 years and in case of metropolitan areas it is about 3 to 5 years.

Characteristic features of BRTS

Bus only laneA dedicated bus lane allows the bus to operate separately, without interference from other modes of traffic.

• Grade separated• Easily identifiable• Managed lanes• Exclusive transit ways

StationsThese are the entry point to the system, are the single most imp. customer interface,affecting accessibility,reliability,comfort,safety & security.

• Attractive and safe• Easily accessible • Facilitates level boarding• Sliding glass doors• CCTV cameras and route signage • Provide amenities such as,

• Real time customer information• Off bus fare collection• Lighting• Information booths• Easy accessibility for disabled .

VehiclesRecent technological developments such as bi-articulated buses and guided buses have benefited the set-up of BRT systems. The main developments are,

• Improved riding quality .• Increased capacity .• Reduced operating costs & Pollution

• unique• High capacity• Low floor• Customer friendly• Duel side entry or exit• Audio and visual announcement of next station• Plug points and laptop connections

Serves a diverse market with high-frequency all day service:

A BRT network with comprehensive coverage can serve a diverse market (all income ranges)• Moving large numbers of people between locations quickly and reliably throughout

the day.• Maintain a high level of customer experience.

• Extension of green time at intersections allowing the bus to proceed sooner.• Actuation of green light by detection of approaching bus at intersections.

Bus priorityPreferential treatment of buses at signalized intersections can involve

Off –bus fare collectionConventional on board fare collection slows the boarding process, particularly when a variety of fares are collected for different destinations and/or classes of passengers. • collection of fares upon entering an enclosed bus station or shelter area prior to bus

arrivals - simple and fast• Using Electronic fare cards - provides a fast,cashless interface

Level boardingTime that a bus has to wait at a station (dwell time) is a critical factor in operations. Longer the dwell time, slower the bus speed. Slower speed means a larger fleet is required to provide the same frequency of service and capacity to carry passengers. With step access 19% - 44% extra fleet is required to provide same level of service

fuel efficiency reduces by 5-8% since idling time at stations increases

Bus at level boarding (Level of bus and station are same) with large doors results in,• fleet saving• Reducing operating cost• Speed up passenger boarding• Enhance accessibility for disabled passengers

Integration of ITS technology with BRTS

Vehicle Prioritization• Signal Timing / Phasing and Signal Priority help BRT vehicles minimize

delay caused by having to stop for traffic at intersections. • Increase reliability of BRT operation

IVI TECHNOLOGY

• Intelligent Vehicle Initiatives which provide automated controls for a BRT vehicle.

• Use of the Collision Warning function assists a driver to operate a BRT vehicle safely

• Collision avoidance, Lane assist, precision docking• Reduce frequency and severity of crashes and collisions and• provide reduced travel or boarding times.

Operations management• Automated Scheduling Dispatch System• Vehicle Tracking method• Vehicle mechanical intensive care and maintenance

Passenger information• Provide information to passengers• Information about the vehicle schedule can be provided at the station /

stop or on the vehicle.• Improve passenger satisfaction and help to reduce waiting time

The first wide scale development of the Bus Rapid Transits started in Curitiba, Brazil in 1974, although there were several smaller scale projects prior to its development. As of 2005, there may be up to 70 systems around the world

MAJOR BRTS IN WORLD • Brazil• Australia • Canada• France• Sweden • china• India• America• Indonesia• South africa

IN INDIA

A CASE STUDY

AHMEDABAD BRTS

JANMARG – an appreciation

• AHMEDABAD BRTS is officially named as ‘JanMarg’ by which means ‘people’s way’ – a road that can carry citizens in safety, comfort and at high speeds

• Janmarg a vision to provide Ahmedabad’s citizens with cost effective, efficient and state of the art public transport ,Janmarg focus on ‘moving people not vehicles’

• 14th October 2009- this is a day that will remain edged forever in the annals of Ahmedabad’s glorious history. It was on this day that flagged off ‘Janmarg’, Ahmedabad’s own state of the art Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS).

• The first corridor from RTO to Chandranagar is India's first true Bus Rapid Transit System.

Janmarg incorporates several sophisticated features of a high-level BRT system, including:• Median bus ways with strong longitudinal segregation and good

pavement structure• Changes in road geometry to accommodate new traffic patterns,

including split flyovers, as well as new pedestrian and bicycle facilities

• Real bus stations, located in the median, with off-board automatic fare collection and level access to the buses

• Renewed vehicle fleets with special design, including wide doors on both sides and

• Frequent service to improve passenger convenience

How relevant is BRT for Ahmedabad ?• The seventh largest metropolis in India, with a population of 6 million (2011)

within an area of 466 sq.km. Its population is likely to rise to 11 Million by 2035. While the area is likely to increase to 1000 sq. km by 2035

• Ahmedabad has a well developed ring radial structure, high density development and dispersed travel pattern.

• AMTS has been providing a public transport facilities since 1947,no single mode is adequate to meet with the mobility needs in cities.

• Improvements in existing bus system alone are not adequate to bring about significant model shifts.

• Hence BRT approved by AMC.

Planning and phasing• Plan consists of devt. of 217 km of BRT corridors in 3 phases.• While connecting roads along the potential BRT corridor,connect busy places but

avoid busy roads had been the policy.• Major access road has been widened to 30 m width,AMC has removed

encroachment from road alignment in the intermediary zones.

PHASE 1 has 58.3km identified BRT corridorCorridors selected as part of phase 1 were mainly the rings in ahmd.PHASE 2 - 30.5km BRT corridorsPHASE 3 -Connecting ahmd-Gift city & Gandhinagar

DETAILS OTF AHMEDABAD BRTS (AS PER REF.MAR 2013)

Over 119 buses with GPS enabled facility with 2 way voice days and Passenger Information System as well as e-ticketing system.

Extensive application of Intelligent Transport System (ITS).

Low floor air conditioned buses with large central doors of both sides. Accessible to persons with special needs.

Option of a Janmarg Travel Card that saves the commuter the need to stand in long lines and buy tickets

Janmarg serves as a classic study of how to revolutionize urban transport and take it to the next level for max public good

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• Public commuter transit in BRT system increased by 45% against the earlier condition

COMPARISON

Average travel time in the earlier system is 7-8min/km, in BRT 1-2min/km

Average delay time for earlier corridor was 360s/km, now 60s/km

Average speed for earlier 16.5km/hr and fuel efficiency is 3.05km/LFor BRTS average speed is 25.4km/hr and fuel efficiency is 6.06km/L

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A W A R D SThe transit system has done Gujarat extremely proud by winning

several awards at the national and international level. In 2009 itself, the year when it was launched Janmarg was awarded the

prize for ‘the best MRT project’ in the country. In 2010 it won the prestigious Sustainable Transport Award from the

Transportation Research Board in Washington. In 2011 It was awarded National Award for ‘Excellence in the category

of the best ITS project’ from the Government of India.And in 2012 when Ahmedabad won the special mention in the Lee

Kuan Yew World City Prize, Janmarg was one of the 3 projects listed as pioneering feats towards the city’s urban regeneration

BENEFITS OF BRTS

• Increased accessibility• Travel time savings• Reliability• Safety and security• Increased ridership• Transit supportive land development• Reduces pollution• Reduced congestion• Quality of life

Negative impacts

• On locations where the existing carriageway is too narrow,

• Due to many reasons including encroachments to allow construction of new corridor and consequent widening, construction of stations and depots, additional land acquisition is unavoidable.

• There are few stretches along identified corridors where existing carriageway is just insufficient for the system to be built, thereby necessitating clearance of structures.

conclusion

• Emerging approach to use buses as an improved high speed transit system

• BRT promises in meeting a variety of transit needs

• Lower capital cost than light rail system

• Delay time and stop time has significantly reduced

• Transport efficiency and service level has increased

• Travelling time has been saved and public satisfaction level has enhanced

• MV flow and speed is increased with respect to existing mixed system

THANK YOU

A N A N D .T. M