PRESENTING

The Atkinson-Shiffrin

Model of Memory It states that we have 3 memories:

Sensory Memory, Short-Term Memory,

and Long-Term Memory.

These memories differ in terms of 3 characteristics:

• Capacity: how many units of information can be held at one time.

• Duration of Storage: how long the information can be held.

• Reason for Forgetting: storage failure versus retrieval failure.

Long-Term MemoryRelatively permanent storage of

information

• Capacity: virtually unlimited. It contains 2 general kinds of information:

Declarative Memory:Information you can describe

Nondeclarative Memory:Information you cannot

describe

SemanticMemory:General

information

EpisodicMemory:Personally

experienced events

Skilledactions

Habits

Long-Term Memory Contains...

Long-Term MemoryRelatively permanent storage of

information

• Capacity: virtually unlimited.

• Duration of Storage: up to a lifetime.

• Reason for forgetting: retrieval failure (e.g., interference).

Sensory MemoryTemporary storage of

information• Capacity: large; contains most

details of sensory input.

• Duration of Storage: visual: 1/10 second; auditory: 2 seconds.

• Reason for forgetting: storage failure (e.g., decay).

Short-Term MemoryBrief storage of information

currently being used

• Capacity: 7 units, plus or minus 2.

• Duration of Storage: less than 30 seconds without rehearsal.

• Reason for forgetting: storage failure (e.g., decay, displacement).