PowerPoint Presentation
Process Control of Pilot Plant: Case Study on the Packed Bed
ReactorMuhammad Nasrul Bin BojyAzira Binti MismanMohd Darul Imran
Addison JuttieCharacteristicsAlso known as fixed bed reactor.
Often used for catalytic processes.
Consist of cylindrical shell with convex heads.
Most are vertical, and allow reactants to flow by
gravityOperationReactants enter the reactor (tube or column shape)
on the top.
Upon entering the reactor, the reactants flow through the packed
bed (porous) of catalyst.
By contacting with the catalyst pellets, the reactants react to
form products
Then the products exit the reactor on the bottom.
The concentration gradient within the reactor the concentration
of reactants decreases from top to bottom.ApplicationWidely used in
small scale commercial reactions
Example : catalytic cracking,a. CO + H2O CO2 + H2b. C6H5CH2CH3
C6H5CH=CH2 + H2AdvantagesHigh conversion rate per weight of
catalyst
Easy to build
More contact btw reactant and catalyst than in other types of
reactors.
More product is formed due to increased reactant/catalyst
contact.
Effective at high temp and pressures
Low cost of construction, operation and
maintenance.DisadvantagesReactor temp difficult to control
Side reactions are possible
Catalyst difficult to replace
Temperature gradients may occurPacked Bed Reactor Diagram
