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System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Classifications
Project: Advancing the SEEAExperimental Ecosystem Accounting
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Overview
1. Learning objectives
2. The main classifications• Land Cover• Land Use• Ecosystem Services• Ecosystem Services• Economic Units
• Learning objectives• Understand the basic concepts of SEEA-
EEA classifications
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Tools 1: Classifications
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System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 0: Tools 1: Classifications
� What?• From SEEA-CF:
▫ Land use▫ Economic units, industry sectors
• New and improved:• New and improved:▫ Land cover (terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine)▫ “Final” services
� Why?• Accounting needs consistent and coherent
classifications▫ Consistent: use same classification for same concept▫ Coherent: with other classifications▫ Comprehensive: Classifications Certify Complete Coverage
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System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 0: Tools 1: Classifications
� Land Cover• Based on SEEA-CF
(p.276) criteria• Uses FAO LCCS3
(Food and agriculture Organization – Land
Cover classes• Urban and associated developed areas• Medium to large fields rainfed herbaceous cropland• Medium to large fields irrigated herbaceous
cropland• Permanent crops, agriculture plantations• Agriculture associations and mosaics
Organization – Land Cover Classification System v3)
• High-level aggregate:• May adapt to local
situations
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• Agriculture associations and mosaics• Pastures and natural grassland• Forest tree cover• Shrubland, bushland, heathland• Sparsely vegetated areas• Natural vegetation associations and mosaics• Barren land• Permanent snow and glaciers• Open wetlands• Inland water bodies• Coastal water bodies• Sea
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 0: Tools 1: Classifications
� Land Use� From SEEA-CF (p. 266)� More detail (4-digit)
1.0 Land1.1 Agriculture1.2 Forestry1.3 Aquaculture1.4 Built up and related areas1.5 Maintenance and restoration of environmental functions1.6 Other uses of land1.7 Land not in use
2.0 Inland waters2.1 Aquaculture and holding facilities
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2.1 Aquaculture and holding facilities2.2 Maintenance and restoration of environmental functions2.3 Other uses of inland waters2.4 Inland waters not in use
3.0 Coastal waters3.1 Aquaculture and holding facilities3.2 Maintenance and restoration of environmental functions3.3 Other uses of coastal waters3.4 Coastal waters not in use
4.0 Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)4.1 Aquaculture and holding facilities4.2 Maintenance and restoration of environmental functions4.3 Other uses of coastal waters4.4 Coastal waters not in use
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 0: Tools 1: Classifications
� Services• Based on Common
International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES)
Section Division Group
01.01.01 Biomass
01.01.02 Water
01.02.01 Biomass
01.02.02 Water
01.03.01 Biomass-based energy sources
01.03.02 Mechanical energy
02.01.01 Mediation by biota
02.01.02 Mediation by ecosystems
02.02.01 Mass flows
02.02.02 Liquid flows
02.02.03 Gaseous / air flows
02.03.01 Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool
01. Provisioning
02. Regulation &
01.01 Nutrition
01.02 Materials
01.03 Energy
02.01 Mediation of waste,
toxics and other nuisances
02.02 Mediation of flows
(CICES)• Not mutually exclusive• A list of “final”
services• More detail (4-digit)• Does not include
“supporting services” (= ecosystem functions)
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02.03.01 Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool
protection
02.03.02 Pest and disease control
02.03.03 Soil formation and composition
02.03.04 Water conditions
02.03.05 Atmospheric composition and climate
regulation
03.01.01 Physical and experiential interactions
03.01.02 Intellectual and representative interactions
03.02.01 Spiritual and/or emblematic
03.02.02 Other cultural outputs
02. Regulation &
Maintenance
03. Cultural
02.03 Maintenance of
physical, chemical,
biological conditions
03.01 Physical and
intellectual interactions
with biota, ecosystems, and
land-/seascapes
[environmental settings]
03.02 Spiritual, symbolic
and other interactions with
biota, ecosystems, and land-
/seascapes [environmental
settings]
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 0: Tools 1: Classifications
� From SEEA-CF: Economic Units- Enterprises (business � industry)- Households (people and non-corporate business)- Government- Rest of the world- Rest of the world
� As beneficiaries, suppliers of ecosystem services
� SEEA-EEA adds a spatial dimension:• Local• Regional• National• Global
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System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 1: Principles
� Aggregation and disaggregation• Level 1
▫ Level 1.1– Level 1.1.1
» Level 1.1.1.1
� All data at the lowest level must be possible to aggregate to higher levels• And the same for disaggregation
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System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 1: Principles
� Concordance of classifications • SEEA CF – Land Cover – 16 Classess
� Country Land cover classifications• Range from few to many (10 – 100’s or more)• Range from few to many (10 – 100’s or more)
� Link country/regional classifications via concordance tables
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System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 1: Principles
Sum of Area (ha)
AR_LU_BASE_SEEA_CF Total
1 Artificial surfaces (including urban and associated areas) 14859
� Concordance - Example
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2 Herbaceous crops 193019
4 Multiple or layered crops 14
5 Grassland 135772
6 Tree-covered areas 16830
8 Shrub-covered areas 11
9 Shrubs and/or herbaceous vegetation, aquatic or regularly flooded 504
13 Inland water bodies 9859
Grand Total 370868
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 1: Principles� Concordance - Example
Sum of Area (ha) AR_LU_SEEA_CF
AR_LU_FEU 6 Tree-covered areas Grand Total
2.2.0 Production forestry 9328 9328
3.1.3 Other forest production 6 6
Box Ironbark Forest 2227 2227
Creekline Grassy Woodland 658 658
Drainage-line Woodland 690 690
Floodplain Riparian Woodland 853 853
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Floodplain Riparian Woodland 853 853
Grassy Woodland/Riverine Grassy Woodland Mosaic 27 27
Heathy Dry Forest 250 250
Heathy Woodland 8 8
Hillcrest Herb-rich Woodland 731 731
Low Rises Woodland 2 2
Metamorphic Slopes Shrubby Woodland 90 90
Plains Savannah 69 69
Plains Woodland 1394 1394
Red Gum Swamp 47 47
Riverine Chenopod Woodland 321 321
Riverine Chenopod Woodland/Lignum Swamp Mosaic 121 121
Riverine Chenopod Woodland/Plains Grassland Mosaic 1 1
Semi-arid Woodland 7 7
Grand Total 16830 16830
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Level 1: Principles
� Time stable• If a classification changes then all other linked
classifications need to be updated� Time series data
• Relies upon being able to use data from different • Relies upon being able to use data from different periods with different classifications
� Prepare ahead• Coordination is very important
▫ Different classifications across agencies, regions, etc
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System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Evaluation of the training module
� Please complete the evaluation form for this module
� For this module• What did you learn that you could apply in your work?
• Was the presentation clear and informative?
• Was it too simple? Too complex?• Was it too simple? Too complex?
• Was there anything you did not understand?
• What additions or deletions would you suggest (recognizing that the unit is intended for a general audience)?
• Do you have any suggestions as to how the SEEA-EEA may be improved (concepts, principles) in this area?
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
References� SNA 2008� SEEA Central Framework, SEEA-EEA, applications� SCBD Quick Start Package (www.ecosystemaccounting.net)� World Bank WAVES: Designing Pilots for Ecosystem AccountingStatistics Canada, 2013. Human Activity and the Environment: Measuring Ecosystem
Goods and Services 2013. 16-201-XWE. Ottawa: Government of Canada.Weber, J., 2014. Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts: A Quick Start Package. 77 Weber, J., 2014. Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts: A Quick Start Package. 77
(Technical Series). Montreal: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
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System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
Acknowledgements
� This project is a collaboration between The United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and is supported by the Government of Norway.supported by the Government of Norway.
� Contact: [email protected]
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