Project Management of Telecom Project

8/3/2019 Project Management of Telecom Project

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Project Management

Assignment

Project Management of Telecom Project

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Prof. O. S. Rao Krishna Chaitanya (19004)

M. Ashok Kumar (19010)

Sneha Suman (19037)

Devesh Soni (19057)

Karan Thawani (19058)


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Project Management

Of Telecom Project

IntroductionIndia is a vibrant market from communications point of view. The subscriber

base in the wireless market in India, the worlds fastest growing telecom market

reached another milestone when it surpassed 200 million subscribers in Aug

2007. The countrys mobile services market is forecast to grow by a compound

annual rate of 28.3% in next five years. At present there are around 54000 cell

sites operated by different GSM/CDMA operators. This number would further

go up to 80.000 in next couple of years. To reach the target the approximate

capital expenditure required in telecom infrastructure alone is expected to be

approximately $20 billion in next three years.

GSM/CDMA project is spread over large areas with work sites located wide

apart, are situated in wilderness with minimal approaches or on roof tops in thick

of urban areas with restricted working space. Thus project management in

general and construction management in particular plays a major role in cost

effective and efficient execution of telecommunication projects. It is needless to

mention that the objective is to ensure that the project does not suffer in terms of

quality, time and cost overruns.

For ease of comprehension, study on the development of passive infrastructure

has been designed to first present the theoretical concepts and then correlating

them to actual applications in the field by applying them into examples. Topics

include scope of work, project planning, contractual terms of conditions,monitoring and controlling of project, quality control, risk management,

warehouse management, operation and maintenance.


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Cell Site

A cell site is a term used primarily for a site where antennas and electronic

communications equipment are placed to create a cell in a mobile phone network

(cellular network). A cell site is composed of a tower or other elevated structure

regular and backup electrical power sources, and sheltering.

A synonym for "cell site" is "cell tower. However, In GSM networks, the

technically correct term is Base Transceiver Station (BTS), and colloquial British

English as "base station". The term "base station site" might better reflect the

increasing co-location of multiple mobile operators, and therefore multiple base

stations, at a single site. Depending on an operator's technology, even a site

hosting just a single mobile operator may house multiple base stations, each to

serve a different air interface technology (CDMA or GSM, for example).

Typical layout of a ground based site is attached at Annexure 1

The working range of a cell site - the range within which mobile devices can

connect to it Reliably is not a fixed figure. It will depend on a number of factors,

including. The type of signal in use (i.e. the underlying technology), similar to

the fact that AM radio waves reach further than FM radio waves.

The transmitter's rated power.

The transmitter's size.

The array setup of panels may cause the transmitter to be directional or

unidirectional.

It may also be limited by local geographical or regulatory factors and weather

conditions.

Tower Site Selection

Cellular tower locations are the result of an engineering field called Radio

Frequency Engineering or RF, for short. RF engineers work closely with the

marketing departments to determine areas where the placement of a new tower

will accomplish one (or more) of three goals:


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Expansion: The tower site provides coverage over areas that do not currentlyhave coverage.

Capacity: The tower site provides additional capacity for the carrier to handle

more calls in areas where existing towers are overloaded.

Quality: The tower fills in a hole or an area where customer calls are frequentlydropped or call service is poor. In either case, the tower must serve a specific

purpose. The majority of the times, that purpose are to increase the number of

minutes that people talk or receive/send data on their phones. The industry refers

to this as Minutes of Use or MOUs. The main way of increasing MOUs is by

placing cell towers or sites in locations that have high daytime working

populations. Most carriers have wireless plans that provide cheap or free "off

time" rates, so the emphasis is daytime calling minutes which are typically the

most expensive. Needless to mention that daytime rates are highest in areas

where people either travel a lot or where they work. Urban and suburban areas

have the highest concentration of cellular sites and towers. To provide coverage

for those people traveling between these particular urban/suburban areas,

highways, state roads, and higher traffic local roads are covered by towers aswell. Placement of towers at strategic intersections of major roads is often

preferred.

Lately, carriers have been adding cell sites in rural areas as well in an attempt to

provide ubiquitous coverage (an unobtainable goal for at least 5 years). Sites are

located near a major roadway. Rarely do wireless carriers build towers in the

middle of nowhere. Cellular sites must meet one or more of the three goals listedabove. Building a tower to cover rural farmland where no people live does not

serve any of these goals. The marketing departments of the wireless carriers are

constantly reviewing potential and uncovered areas to determine where to place

new towers. Because carriers have capital budgets, the marketing departments

and RF engineering departments work together to prioritize those sites that they


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believe will provide the most benefit to the company in terms of MOUs or

quality of service.

Location of Cell Site

Site should be large enough for a cell towernormally (but not always) this isa parcel double the size of the height of the tower. So if a tower is 100 ft tall,

the parcel must be 200' x 200'.

Site must have easy and cheap access from a public road.

Site must be suitable from a zoning perspective.

In many jurisdictions, towers are only allowed on commercially or industrially

zoned parcels. Some areas allow towers on agriculturally zoned sites, and

most do NOT allow towers on residentially/ forest land or restricted areas

Sites must not have conditions that would make constructing a tower unduly

expensive.

These conditions can include wetlands, poor or rocky soil conditions, significant

distance to the cell tower site from the main road, lots of trees, possible

hazardous waste on the property and high voltage power lines. Landowners must

be willing to lease the site at rates acceptable to the wireless carrier. One thing to

note is that, contrary to public belief, the ground elevation is not the most

important factor. Just because you live on the tallest or second tallest hill in the

area or county does not mean that your location is preferred from a wireless

perspective, unless the location is in a "Search Ring." Generally, in areas where

there are enough cell sites to cover a wide area, the range of each one will be set

to:

Ensure there is enough overlap for "handover" to/from other sites (moving thesignal for a mobile device from one cell site to another, for those technologies

that can handle it - e.g. making a GSM phone call while in a car or train).

Ensure that the overlap area is not too large, to minimize interference

problems with other sites.


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In practice, cell sites are grouped in areas of high population density, with the

most potential users. Cell phone traffic through a single cell mast is limited by

the mast's capacity; there is a finite number of calls that a mast can handle at

once. This limitation is another factor affecting the spacing of cell mast sites. In

suburban areas, masts are commonly spaced 1.5-3 kms apart and in dense urban

areas, masts may be as close as 0.5-1 kms apart. Cell masts always reserve part

of their available bandwidth for emergency calls.

The maximum range of a mast (where it is not limited by interference with other

masts nearby) depends on the same circumstances. Some technologies, such as

GSM, have a fixed maximum range of 40km (25 miles), which is imposed by

technical limitation. As a rough guide, based on a tall mast and flat terrain, it is

possible to get between 50 to 70 km (30-45 miles). When the terrain is hilly, the

maximum distance can vary from as little as 5 kms to 8 kilometers .The concept

of "maximum" range is misleading, however, in a cellular network. Cellular

networks are designed to create a mass communication solution from a limited

amount of channels (slices of radio frequency spectrum necessary to make one

conversation) that are licensed to an operator of a cellular service. To overcome

this limitation, it is necessary to repeat and reuse the same channels. Just as a

station on a car radio changes to a completely different local station when youtravel to another city, the same radio channel gets reused on a cell mast only a

few miles away. To do this, the signal of a cell mast is intentionally kept at low

power and many cases tilting downward to limit its area. The area sometimes

needs to be limited when a large number of people live, drive or work near a

particular mast; the range of this mast has to limited so that it covers an area

small enough not to have to support more conversations than the available

channels can carry. It is also important to note that these Search Rings areproprietary and are not available to the public or even to industry experts. They

are not registered or provided to the local, state, or federal governments.

Wireless carriers prefer to locate on existing structures first before building a

new tower. They do this because many zoning jurisdictions require this due


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diligence and because it reduces development costs and time to market. If there

are suitable structures, the carrier will then just lease space on the tower, and no

new tower will be built. A full scale ground based cell site of 60 m length costs

around Rs 30-35 lakh, while roof-top cell sites comes in different denominations

ranging from 24 m to 9 m. A 15 m roof-to cite would cost around Rs 7 lacs.

Site Sharing

The idea is to maximize revenues from the BPO facility by accommodating

various clients at the same facility so that maximum seats can be utilized at the

same time. The sharing of facility also allows accommodating clients involved in

low-end as well as high-end services. It enables earning of higher margins from

different clients based on their end activity and the criticality of the infrastructure

support required.

Project ManagementProject management can well be described as the application of knowledge,

skills, tools and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed

customers/clients needs and expectations from the project. Meeting the need of

the client invariably involves balancing competing demands among:

Scope, time & cost

Identified requirements (needs) and unidentified requirements (expectations)

Specific to telecommunication projects, project management consists of

management all the activities of a given project right from Site Survey to Site

Integration. This helps an Operator / Client in having optimum man-power and

relaying on the Project Management in executing the project successfully in

time.

Almost all sites are unique with regard to building process, vagaries of weather,

unforeseen risks, remote area problems, and lack of communications. It entails

basic function of planning, scheduling, monitoring and control. The planning


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function involves listing of all tasks essential in the completion of the project.

Scheduling consists of sequencing of tasks according to their precedent time and

expected times. Monitoring and control is the review and correction of difference

between the schedule and actual work performance of the activity.

Work Breakdown Structure

A work breakdown structure (WBS) in project management and systemsengineering, is a tool used to define and group a project's discrete work elementsin a way that helps organize and define the total work scope of the project.

A work breakdown structure element may be a product, data, a service, or any

combination. A WBS also provides the necessary framework for detailed costestimating and control along with providing guidance for schedule developmentand control. Additionally the WBS is a dynamic tool and can be revised andupdated as needed by the project manager.

Below given is the Work Breakdown Structure of the Tele Communication:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_(business)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_(economics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_(economics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_(business)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_management


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MONITORING AND CONTROL INVOLVES FOUR STEPS:

Measuring: Tells us the status or the progress of work package during the

construction.

Reviewing: Measuring or progress leads the construction management to plan

again and reschedule to make more efficient action plan

Reporting: The progress report and revised action plan is reported to senior

management for their approval and study. A proper scientific method is adopted


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in reporting, which is popularly known as management information system

(MIS). The success or failure of project largely depends upon the extents of

efficiency of MIS. This is the controlling lever of construction management.

Action: Action is taken as per revised plan by the project office. It controls four

Ms i.e. Money, Manpower, Machinery and Material. Also time and quality

Controlling ToolsNetwork analysis techniques monitors time

Resource schedule charts gives information about logistics and machinery

Organization chart tells about requirement of manpowerSpecifications and drawings bounds the management to quality

Financial planning about funding.

Scope of Work:

Scope of Work consists of following activities:

Organization Structure

The Project Management Team is organized to cater for various activities

covered in the scope of Project Management of Cell Sites as per the Customer

requirements. The PMC general Organization Structure is as follows:

RF & Site Survey

Cellular tower locations are the result of an engineering field called RadioFrequency Engineering or RF, for short. RF engineers at the various wireless

companies such as work closely with their marketing departments to determine

areas where the placement of a new tower will accomplish one (or more) of three

goals:


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1. Expansion: The tower site provides coverage over areas that do not currently

have coverage.

2. Capacity: The tower site provides additional capacity for the carrier to handle

more calls in areas where existing towers are overloaded.

3. Quality: The tower fills in a hole or an area where customer calls are

frequently dropped or call service is poor.

RF Design

RF design consists of the following:

Site survey of search areas, selection of suitable site and evaluation.

Detailed RF site design including site configuration

Site parameter settings

Frequency planning

Continuing post- launch optimization to ensure optimum level performance

level

Contracting and Identifications of Risks

Specific to GSM/CDMA projects wherein the cell sites are spaced wide apart

and located in various types of terrains under different climatic conditions it is

imperative that the contract terms and conditions caters for the site and location

specific conditions. Thus the need to investigate the project in depth by reliable,

committed, financially strong and technically competent construction

consortium:

The project must offer a reasonable rate of return and the client guarantee

proper business environment There must be a proper mechanism to identify extra work done and to pay the

cost of variations.

The client and contractors experience and expertise in executing such types of

contracts are of paramount necessity.


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Certain changes are generally found necessary, varying from the quality and

nature of work from those agreed by the parties. The need is therefore, to resolve

these variations before they manifest into disputes. Effective resolutions of

variations arising out of variations during the execution of project has been an

area of concern as significant number of projects suffer in terms of time, cost and

quality performance due to obstruction in project objectives on account of

conflicting individual interests.

Identification of Risks

Risk management is a systematic process in which risk factors are identified,

evaluated and planned. It is formal approach to set out numerous varied

uncertainties in order to identify critical issues and provide measures for tackling

difficulties that occur. It includes identification and assessment of risks together

with development of strategies to minimize them when they occur, mitigate

adverse effect or take advantage of beneficial ones. Risk is an unforeseen event,

which is abstract in nature and is difficult to measure with precision or accuracy.

It results in loss in terms of time, money, materials, manpower, machinery and

other associated activities. Risk will apply to price, weather, inflation, strikes,

labor problem and other aspects of project. Risk can therefore be defined as

exposure to the possibility of economic and financial loss or gain, physicaldamage or injury or delays as a consequence of uncertainty associated with

perusing particular course of action.

Undertaking GSM/CDMA project is fraught with risks and obstacles owning to

the very nature and terrain of the project. This results in additional cost of

remobilization, reworks, additions and alterations.

DocumentationThe need to specify the type of documents, the format, and acceptance and

certification procedures needs no emphasis. It directly affects the payment terms

and thus the cash flow. GSM/CDMA projects demand considerable outlay of

funds and therefore it is imperative that the revenue generation is expeditious and


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procedure for releasing the payment is documented before commencement of the

project.

Non-Availability of Sites

Non-availability of sites, cancellation, sites on hold and disputed sites has

adverse affect on the roll out plan. Many a timework has stopped after the major

portion has been completed. Remobilization of teams and machinery is not only

time consuming but also results in avoidable expenditure.

Change in Specifications

Due to the very nature of the project changes in specifications occur. The need is

to investigate the project in dept at pre tender stage in order to avoid changes as

repeated changes result in dismantling of existing facilities and executing the

new works causing delay and additional cost both direct and indirect.

Tenancy

During the preliminary survey certain sites are selected based on the anticipated

traffic and location. However during the course of construction priorities or/and

the requirement of the service providers change resulting rescheduling the

project or delay in renting out the cell site, especially in pro active sites.

Integration of supply of material

Diverse kinds of material and equipment are supplied by respective agencies and

their delivery is coordinated with the progress at respective sites. Any delay in

supply of material not only delays the project but also results in idle labor and

increase in both direct and indirect costs. To avoid this it is important that

prequalification of vendors are done after in depth verification of theircapabilities and financial worthiness. The contractor should have reserve funds

to tide over the financial crunch so as to manage working capital cash flow.


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Soil Testing

To undertake field and laboratory investigations to assess the nature of sub-soil,

strata and to evaluate the bearing capacity and other parameters suitable for

construction of foundations at cell sites

Design

Design should be simple, flexible executable on ground, standardized as far as

possible and should cater for site and location specific constraints and

requirements. The commitments and decisions during design phase have a very

high level of influence on the project cost as any alterations results in avoidable

reworks and disruption of work. Some of the features which are recommended to

be considered within the frame work of site constraints are given below:

Standardized the dimensions of beam and columns thereby reducing the

number of set of forms and ease of construction

Reduce number of bars in a given concrete placement to avoid dense

congestion of reinforcement by either using larger bar sizes or increasing the

cross sectional area at critical sections.

Reduce the number of various sizes ofrebars. This will reduce the chances of

errors in erection of reinforcement.It should be practical, executable at site with realistic tolerance.

Avoid wordy and redundant specifications, seeking liability avoidance through

inclusion of excessive requirement and unnecessary standards.

Specify specific clause in the code rather than entire code. It will reduce cost,

availability time and expedite inspection of material.

Avoidance of duplication of specifications and drawings so as to ensure that

there is no conflict between specifications and notes on drawings. Thespecifications and drawings are to guide the physical construction of projects

and therefore there should be no inconsistencies between drawings and

specifications

Specify approved material and components.

Specify clearly the desired standards of quality and performance required at site


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Provide quick response to requests for clarification or changes in design details.Testing of materials for quality level

Bill of Material

Based on technical requirement, past experience, documented site wise

requirement, availability and cost of material bill of material is prepared which

lays down the quantity of each item. This gives a very fair idea of the scope of

work to the vendor and also to the client in monitoring and controlling the cost.

Scheduling of delivery of material and equipment

Delivery schedule of material and equipment is prepared based on the roll out

plan, site wise requirement of equipment and material, planned progress at site,

capabilities of vendors and to cater for reserves against unforeseen contingency.

The warehouse and logistic department is informed accordingly for procurement

and storage.

Networking

Network analysis is a generic term used to signify techniques that use networks

and basic critical path concepts for planning and scheduling and are graphical

numeric in nature. This depends basically upon graphical portrayal of work planin the form of network and then their numerical analysis to yield information. It

requires complete break down of the tasks into its component jobs and

preparation of network showing the sequence as well as the inter-relation ship

between the various operations. However, developing separate networks for each

cell site is time consuming, consisting of voluminous paperwork and difficult to

decipher quickly and objectively. Keeping this in view project planning schedule

customized to the specific requirement of GSM/CDMA projects was designedand developed and is attached at Annexure 4. This schedule lays down the

planned duration of each activity and the delivery of the material was integrated

with the planned progress.


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Daily Progress Reports (DPR)

DPR is customized by individual clients based on essential information required,

terrain and activities. Generally it consists of name/ID of site, planned and actual

completion of site layout, excavations, reinforcement, concreting, bolt casting,

tower delivery and erection, shelter delivery and installation DG installation &

commissioning, AC commissioning, Electrical works, EB connection,

boundary wall and security room. The systems are most effective as at a glance

the management is able to assess the progress of each activity at respective sites,

identify the problems, if any, and take immediate corrective measures.

Tracking Sheet for Civil Works

Civil works is the critical activity in the completion of cell site as erection of

tower; shelter and DG depend on its timely completion. Further the quality of

civil work play a major role in the stability of the structures. With this in view

the tracking of civil work is of paramount importance and accordingly tracking

sheet was designed and developed which lays down the planned and actual

duration of completion of each activity. The progress is monitored, delivery of

the material re-scheduled if required.

Documentation

Documentation helps in standardization of work methods to attain consistency in

operations. It serves as reference to management, site staff and contractors to

create commonality of views and communication between them. It helps in

providing feed back for improvement in practices, techniques, methods and

specification for future projects. Accurate, complete and detailed records can be

invaluable in time of accidents or structure failures.The major types of records to be maintained are:

Site Folders

o Drawings of the location & key plan, structural and as built drawings,

electrical, earthling grid and equipment layout in shelter.


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o Vendor details

o Commissioning reports of AC and DG

o Warranty certificates

o Electrical configuration

o Check lists, pour certificates

o Acceptance testing report

o Cube test results

o Punch points Register

Security guard attendance registers. Verified by respective site engineers

Diesel Consumption Register:: Giving hour and energy meter readings, quantity

of diesel in tank and filled. Verification by security

Material register: Details of receipt and dispatch of material to other site/

warehouse etc

Visitors register: Incorporates details of visits by site engineers, quality teams

and others

Quality Management SystemIn recent years industry has increasingly aware of rising construction cost and

perception of increased quality problems and the way to increase profit is to

reduce the cost of poor quality rather than to increase sales. The need for

structured and formal systems of construction management to address the aspects

of performance, workmanship and quality has arisen as a direct result of

deficiencies and problems in design, construction, materials, and maintenanceoperations. These deficiencies cost the industry a huge amount of money and

many might be alleviated through training, greater care and attention to standards

of performance and quality at design and construction stages.

Explicit as possible, identification and meeting/exceeding the customer

requirements is fundamental basing point of effective quality control. Customer


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satisfaction is of prime importance and it should be a continuous process rather

than one time endeavor. It is ever changing. What is considered quality today

may not be good enough to be considered quality tomorrow.

Achieve the highest standard and expertise through continuously, developing

and improving the quality plans and standards.

Meeting commitments

Monitoring the quality plan in respect of performance vis--vis laid down

quality parameters, cost, time or any other activity.

Human resource development

Stringent quality standards for pre-qualification of vendors.

Documenting punch points and corrective measures undertaken.

Quality Plans and Standards

Specific to GSM/CDMA projects the plan should include the standard for each

activity. Instead of quoting the IS code the relevant features of the code should

be included and the focus should be on practicality and constructivity, For

example incase of civil works instead of quoting IS 456, add the clauses and

standards on water cement ratio, form work, cover, concreting, reinforcement

amongst others. Few of the salient requirements in respect of major equipmentare as under:

Tower

Galvanizing of fabricated steel as per IS 2595 with a minimum thickness of 85

microns

Welding by electrodes conforming to AWS:E6013

All members provided with marking forease of construction Bolts and nuts as per IS 1363 and washers IS 5369

Incase of new customer prototype of tower be got approved before dispatch to

site


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Erection

Verticality of the tower to be ensured and tightening of bolts after proper

alignment and verticality of tower is ensured

Check nuts must be provided as in addition to assistance in achieving

verticality of tower it also provides additional support to the bolts.

Painting of tower with one coat of primer and two coats of approved enamel

paint

Erector to comply with safe erection practices and guard against hazardous and

unsafe working conditions.

Provision of sincom below base plate

DG

Fuel tank with level indicator, filler cap with lock, feed connection to engine

amongst other accessories.

AVM pads of poly pond make

Locking arrangements for canopy

Residential silence

Alarm systems

Neutral for earthing

Shelter

No breakages in walls, roofs, doors of the shelter

No depression in floors

Proper anti static flooring

Locking arrangements for door

Electrical

Earth pits as per drawings

Earth value not exceeding

Provision of insulators, especially below bus bars

Proper crimping of joints and provision of clamps

Proper routing of cables

Use of approved makes and brands


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Civil Works

Layout as per drawing and jointly verified by client, vendor and owner

Approved makes of cement, steel and bricks to be used.

Check date of manufacture and quality cement before use

Bending and laying of steel as per drawing and bar bending schedule

Provision of cover blocks. No bricks/ wooden pieces will be used

Water cement ratio to be maintained

Center to center distances and level of columns to be ensured.

Compaction of earth work ensured

Cube tests forcompressive strength to be undertaken and documented.

Meeting of CommitmentsIn order to gain the confidence of clients it is of paramount importance that

commitments are met within the mutually acceptable time frame. Failure to meet

commitments is due to unrealistic assessment of time, cost and orders in hand.

Commitment should be made after analyzing the following:

Financial resource including capability to raise funds through banks or/ and

financial institutions Availability of experienced and qualified human resource

Order book

Availability of teams

Availability of sub- contractors

Monitoring of Quality

Laying down detailed plans and preparation of check lists are of no value incase

these are not implemented on ground. The quality needs to be checked during the

design phase and thereafter during and after construction at site. In addition to

quality checks it is important that the site staff is trained at site on the quality

measures to be adopted and on immediate corrective actions.


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Human Resource Development

Human resource development is one of the most essential ingredients of

developing customers confidence and meeting commitments made to the

customer. Training plays an important role in developing the knowledge,

methods, techniques and awareness of human resource.

Training method as a change replaces the old view with new tangible, practical

and concrete behaviours and techniques. The curriculum should be need based

and correlated to the engineering operations in the field. Paramount features of

technique are:

Consist of project specific requirement

Project management techniques and methods

Tools and techniques to improve quality and project delivery performance

Identification of risks and remedial measures to overcome them

Changes and trends in customer requirements, business management systems

and practices

Continual improvements in preventive and corrective actions.

Realistic and specific case studies which in addition highlight lessons learnt.

Pre qualification of VendorsVendor pre-qualification analysis is defined as a process used to determine his

competence to meet specific requirement for performance of specific task.

Selection of appropriate vendor is very important in achieving quality

performance failing which multiple problems will be encountered in the project.

Expertise

The selection of vendor for particular work will depend upon his expertise in aparticular sector of operation and business segments. For example electrical

contractor with knowledge of electrification of buildings will not be effective in

executing electrical works at cell sites.


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Financial StabilityDepending upon the liquidity situation in the economy, payment to vendors may

become erratic. The vendor should have reserve funds to tide over the financial

stringency.

Liquidated DamagesAnalysis of the vendors exposure to penalties and liquidated damages is

essential. It indicates its attitude towards commitment to complete the work as

per schedule achieving customer satisfaction

Order Book of the Vendor

The vendors have the tendency to book orders beyond their capability and

resources. This results in delay and poor quality. To avoid facing problems

during the execution of project; need is to analyze the order book of the vendor

with its available resources.

Dispute with ClientsFew vendors have a history of raising claims, enter into disputes and go into

arbitration instead of mutually resolving the issues. Such vendors be avoided.

Documentation of Punch Points

After under taking quality inspections the punch points need to be documented

indicating the name of site, punch points, person who has carried out the

inspection and name of cluster head/site engineer. Corrective action taken and

removal of each point is recorded against respective punch points.

Supervision at site

The main objective of site supervision is to ensure that requirement as defined in

contract documents are correctly interpreted and problems are satisfactorily

resolved. Salient features are:

Define responsibility so that there is no overlapping of activities and

responsibilities


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Define specific functions of personnel and extent of delegation of powers,

responsibilities and authority.

Avoid passing of responsibilities especially incase of failures

Supervisors are thoroughly conversant regarding the scope of work, quality

standard required and resource available to him.

Supervisors possess requisite knowledge

Regular quality and performance checks by managers

Financial And Warehouse Management

Financial Management

Financial management of construction industry in general and

telecommunications in particular are unique as well as complex. Unique because

they are both different from manufacturing industry and complex because there

are many areas where financing is required.

A good accounting system is a sine-qua-non for success of any project. It is no

less for telecommunication projects, which involves execution of diverse tasks in

a tight frame through involvement of many agencies, vendors and person. Thesystem should be transparent and meet the specific requirement of the project.

o In telecommunication projects comprising of diverse types and numbers of

items it is likely that few items are not invoiced, especially when terms of

payments specify invoicing in phases.

o Ensure that double payment is not released to the vendor

o At a glance indicate the respective vendors work loado Indicate the overall expenditure per site.

In order to meet the above requirements the following systems cater for the

specific customized need of capitalization of expenditure site wise, financial

control and cash flow to monitor expenditure.


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Warehouse Management

Scope

o Design, develop the operating and accounting system of all telecom and

passive infrastructure items

o Round the clock security and up keep of warehouse

o Provide adequate fire fighting equipment

o Stock verification every month

o Keep the management informed on the stock position

o Monitor the stock position of equipment and material critical to the project.

o Monitor the unused material in good or non serviceable condition.

MISo Stock position indicating the receipt , issue and balance material

o Site wise distribution of material and equipment

o Correlate the distribution of material to sites with respective invoices.

o Configuration of equipment: Gives details of vendors, make, serial numbers

and capacity

o Warranty and commissioning dates of each equipment

Work Plan

o Staff: It will depend upon the work load, customers requirement and the

quantity and types of materials and equipment handled. Generally the following

are required:

o Ware House Manger One

o Executive/Supervisor One

o Helpers Two

o Security guards 3 on 8 hourly basis

Timings

o Suitable timings for receipt and issue of materials/equipment are fixed

depending upon terrain, location, customers/project requirement


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o In case of emergency the material may be received or/and issued other than

specified timings with specific permission of circle head or project manager.

Stock Reconciliation

It is of paramount importance that reconciliation of stock is carried out every

month, preferably on the last day of the month and the variations, if any, are

resolved at the earliest.

Operation And Management

Scope

To coordinate the entire O&M activities required for as well as warranty

support as per the provision in respective agreements with the vendors andcustomers

Coordinate with State Electricity Boards with regard to supply and

consumption of power

Filling and accounting of diesel for DG sets

Assessing the requirements of running and major spares based on the past

experience

Ensure implementation of repairs and replacement parts covered underrespective warranty clauses.

Lay down response time for repairs and rectification in coordination of vendors

and clients.

Parameters

While designing the system the following to be considered:

o Keeping in view the experienced gained from similar projects, compile thelikely faults and the urgency of repairs.

o The terrain, driving time and transportation system

o Availability of vendors, type and availability of skilled labour and facilities

o Analysis of running spares and repairs.


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Equipment

Generally the following major types of equipment/services are required to be

maintained:

o 15/25 KVA DG sets

o 2x1.5 Ton/2x2ton Air conditionerso 400/330/360 Battery bank

o SMPS

o ACDB/Power Interface Unit

o Commercial mains supply(including energy meter, power cables etc)

o Fire detection system

o Prefab shelter

o Tower/ mast. (MW, GSM antennas if in scope)

o Alarm system

Documentation

Site wise details of commissioning reports of all equipment on sites

Warranty certificates and clauses.

Details of equipment installed giving the vendor, capacity and serial numbers

of each equipment.

Details indicating site wise date and time of receipt and description of

complaint, complaints, completion, spares used duly verified by the

customer/site engineer.


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Network Diagram

Documents

Project Management of Telecom Project