Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah

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Muhammad Ali Jinnah (December 25, 1876 – September 11, 1948), a 20th century politician

and statesman, is generally regarded as the founder of Pakistan. He served as leader of The

Muslim league and Pakistan's first Governor-General. He is officially known in Pakistan as

Quaid-e-Azam and Baba-e-Qaum (“Father of the Nation"). His birthday is a national holiday in

Pakistan.

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GREAT LEADERS

Allama Mohammad Iqbal

Allama Sir Muhammad Iqbal (November 9, 1877 Sialkot – April 21, 1938 Lahore) was a Persian & Urdu poet,

philosopher and politician born in Sialkot, in Punjab, Pakistan, whose poetry in Urdu and Persian is

considered to be among the greatest of the modern era, and whose vision of an independent state for the Muslims of British India was to inspire the creation of

Pakistan. He is commonly referred to as Allama Iqbal( Allama meaning "Scholar".) Iqbal's ancestors

were Sapru Kashmiri Brahmins.

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GREAT LEADERS

SIR SYED AHMAD KHAN

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, one of the greatest Muslim educationists, writers and reformers, was born at Delhi in 1817. He hailed from a well to-do landed aristocracy of Delhi. Syed Ahmad had no formal

education in any educational institutions. He was rather a self taught person and became, through self study, one of the most well read men of his

days.

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GREAT LEADERS

FATIMA JINNAH

Miss Fatima Jinnah, younger sister of Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, was born in 1893. Due to her brother's keen interest, and despite strident family

opposition, Miss Fatima received excellent early education. In 1919 she got admitted to the highly

competitive University of Calcutta where she attended the Dr. Ahmad Dental College.

In 1918, she got married to Rutanbai. Upon Rutanbai's death in February 1929, Miss Jinnah wound up her

clinic, moved into Jinnah's bungalow, and took charge of his house; thus beginning the life-long

companionship that lasted till Jinnah's death on September 11, 1948

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GREAT LEADERS

Pakistan belongs to the oldest civilization.

Civilizations in Pakistan:

CIVILIZATION

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Indus CivilizationThe Indus Valley Civilization wasat its peak from the 3rd till the middle of the 2nd millennium BC.Discovered in 1922, Mohenjo-Daro (in Sindh province) was once a

metropolis of great importance, forming part of the Indus Valley Civilization with Harappa (discovered in 1923 in the southern Punjab), Kot Diji (Sindh) and recently discovered Mehr Garh (Balochistan).

CIVILIZATION

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Moenjodaro is considered as one of the most spectacular ancient cities of the World. It had mud and baked bricks’ buildings, an elaborate covered drainage system, a large state granary, a spacious pillared hall, a College of Priests, a palace and a citadel. Harrappa, another major city of the Indus Valley Civilization, was surrounded by a massive brick wall fortification.

CIVILIZATION

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Gandhara Civilization

Gandhara region had once been the Hallowed centre of Buddhism, the cradle of the world famous Gandhara sculpture, culture, art and learning. The archaeological remains found in Taxila, Peshawar, Charsadda, Takht Bhai, Swat and rock carvings along the ancient Silk Road (KKH) have well recorded the history of Gandhara. Lying in Haro river valley near Islamabad, Taxila, the main centre of Gandhara, is over 3,000 years old.

CIVILIZATION

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Mughal Heritage

Pakistan is a treasure-house of Muslim architecture. Lahore, the cultural hub of Pakistan, is situated along the bank of Ravi river. The city has witnessed the rise and fall of many dynasties like Ghaznavis (1021-1186 AD), Ghoris (1186-1202 AD) and Slaves (1206-1524 AD) before arrival of the Mughals. The city was conquered by Babur of Ferghana (situated in Uzbekistan), the founder of the Mughal dynasty (1524-1764 AD). All the important monuments like the Royal Fort and the Mosque, Wazir Khan’s Mosque, Tombs of Jehangir, Asaf Khan, Noor Jehan and the Shalimar Gardens, Hiran Minar etc., were constructed during this period.

CIVILIZATION

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NANKANA SAHIB

The history of the Sikh religion traces its roots to a place called Nankana Sahib in Pakistan, earlier known as Talwandi. The birth place of the first

Sikh guru, Guru Nanak Dev, Nankana Sahib is one of the most sacred pilgrimage sites in Pakistan. The pilgrimage site is about 75 kilometres from Lahore and comes under Sheikhupura district.

The district is well connected with rail and road with other parts of Pakistan.

CIVILIZATION

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Diverse culture flourished in Pakistan and enriched each other. Buddhist, Hindus, Christians, Parsees, Sikhs and Muslims lived in harmony.

RELEGIONS IN PAKISTAN

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RELEGIONS IN PAKISTAN

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Ethnic Groups of Pakistan

PEOPLE OF PAKISTAN

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Punjabis:

Punjabis in Pakistan are multi-ethnical group of people, and can be divided into sub-groups. They are natives of Greater Punjab. The region of Pakistani Punjab has been invaded in the past by Arabs, Turks, Persians, Afghans, thus giving a number of Punjabis diverse origin. One uniting factor among Punjabis is their Punjabi language. Punjabis have many different dialects and that depends in what region of Punjab they are from.

PEOPLE OF PAKISTAN

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Pathans:

Pathans, also called Pashtuns or ethnic Afghans, are an Eastern Iranian ethno-linguistic group with populations primarily in Afghanistan and in the North- West Frontier Province, Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan. The Pashtuns are typically characterized by their usage of the Pashto language and practice of Pashtunwali, which is an ancient traditional code of conduct and honor.

PEOPLE OF PAKISTAN

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Kashmiri:

The Kashmiri people are a Dardic ethnic group living in the region of Kashmir who speak the Kashmiri language. Kashmiri is "a Northwestern Dardic language of the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European language family." which is also known as Koshur and hence are classified as a Dardic people.

PEOPLE OF PAKISTAN

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Sindhi:

Sindhis are a Sindhi speaking socio-ethnic group of people originating from Sindh, a province of Pakistan. Today Sindhis that live in Pakistan belong to various religious denominations including but not limited to Muslim, Zoroastrian, Hindus and Christians. After the Partition of India in 1947, a large number of Indian Muslim refugees(Muhajirs) flocked into Pakistan and settled in the prosperous Sindh region.

PEOPLE OF PAKISTAN

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Balochi:

The Baloch are the majority ethnic inhabitants of the region of Balochistan in the southeast corner of the Iranian Plateau in Southwest Asia, including parts of Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan.

The Baloch speak Balochi, an Iranian language. They mainly inhabit mountainous terrains, which have allowed them to maintain a distinct cultural identity and resist domination by neighbouring rulers.

PEOPLE OF PAKISTAN

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COUNTLESS BLESSINGS ON PAKISTAN

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NATURAL RESOURCES

PAKISTAN’S MINERAL RESOURCES

Pakistan is endowed with significant mineral resources and emerging as a very promising area for exploration of mineral deposits. Based on available information, country’s more than 6, 00, 000 sq.kms of outcrop area demonstrates varied geological potential for metallic / non-metallic mineral deposits.

Currently about 52 minerals are under exploitation although on small scale. The major production is of coal, rock salt, and other industrial and construction minerals. The value addition in the mineral sector is mainly concentrated in five principal minerals, namely, limestone, coal, gypsum, sulphur, crude oil, and natural gas.

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NATURAL RESOURCES

TOP FIFTEEN (15) MINERALS OF PAKISTAN

1. Aluminum Deposits (Bauxite and Laterite)

2. Iron Ore

3. Copper

4. Chromites Ore.

5. Zinc \ Lead

6. COAL

7. Gypsum / Anhydrite Granite, Marble and Onyx

8. Phosphates

9. Rock Salt

10. Solar Salt

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NATURAL RESOURCES

TOP FIFTEEN (15) MINERALS OF PAKISTAN

12. Limestone for Lime

13. Kaolin (China Clay)

14. Natural stones for buildings

15. Gem Stones.

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NATURAL RESOURCES

WATER RESOURCES OF PAKISTAN

The river system of Indus and its tributaries provides Pakistan some of the most fertile land in the Indian subcontinent.

The Indus Basis Project, including Mangla Dam, with the live storage capacity of 4.82 MAF, five barrages, one siphon and eight inter-river link canals were completed during 1960 -1971.

The Tarbela Dam with the live storage capacity of 9.3 MAF started partial operation in 1975-76.

Kotri, Taunsa and Guddu Barrages were completed on the Indus River between 1955 and 1962 to provide controlled irrigation to areas previously served by inundation canals.

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NATURAL RESOURCES

WATER RESOURCES OF PAKISTAN

By far most water is used for irrigated agriculture, emphasizing the particular significance of agriculture in the country. The sector contributes about 25% of the Pakistan's GNP(2000-2001). The country still has the world's largest contiguous irrigation system. In 1999-2000, the total irrigated area in Pakistan was 181,000 km².

Water is also essential for power generation in Pakistan, since about 29% is generated through hydropower.

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NATURAL RESOURCES

Agriculture is the mainstay of Pakistan's economy, employing more than 40% ofthe population. Cotton, wheat, rice,

sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, and tobacco are the chief crops, and cattle, sheep, and poultry are raised. There is also a fishing industry. Most of Pakistan's agricultural output comes from the Indus basin. The country is now self-sufficient in food, as vast irrigation schemes have extended farming into arid areas, and fertilizers and new varieties of crops have increased yields.

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ECONOMY - AGRICULTURE

Pakistan's principal natural resources are arable land and water. About 25% of Pakistan's total land area is under cultivation and is watered by one of the largest irrigation systems in the world. Pakistan irrigates three times more acres than Russia. Agriculture accounts for about 23% of GDP and employs about 44% of the labor force.

Pakistan ranks fifth in the Muslim World and twentieth worldwide in farm output. It is the world's fifth largest milk producer.

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ECONOMY - AGRICULTURE

Pakistan is one of the world's largest producers and suppliers of the following according to the 2005 Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations and FAOSTAT given here with ranking:

Chickpea (2nd) Apricot (4th)

Cotton (4th) Sugarcane (4th)

Milk (5th) Onion (5th)

Date Palm (6th) Mango (7th)

Rice (8th) Wheat (9th)

Oranges (10th) Tangerines, Orange, (8th)

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ECONOMY - AGRICULTURE

FRUITS OF PAKISTAN

Today in Pakistan, we see plenty of summer fruits flowing from all parts of the country. Mangoes of Multan, Melons & Watermelons of Arifwala, apricots of Quetta, Falsa’s from Punjab & Sindh, Plums from the frontiers and many more to come ahead. I realized how people of this region have been blessed with fresh, juicy & tasty fruits all around the year. Prices might have gone higher but the tastes still have no comparison. Although many of these fruits are exported but still there are more and more room available to bring money into the country.

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ECONOMY - AGRICULTURE

MY PAKISTAN

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We are all very proud of our hard-working labour force, which works day and night only for the sake of their

country. They include: Cleaners, very skilled craftsmen or artisans, musicians, singers, poets, diligent professionals

including both men and women, technicians, very intelligent teachers. Pakistan is also very popular all around the world for sports as each type of sport is adeptly performed by our brilliant sportsmen and

women.

A TREASURE TROVE OF WONDERS

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Karakoram 2 or K2:

The 2nd highest mountain peak in the world

A TREASURE TROVE OF WONDERS

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Shandur: the highest polo ground in the world

A TREASURE TROVE OF WONDERS

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The magnificent architecture of the

Shrine of Hazrat Shah Rukn-e-Alam in Multan attractss visitors from almost every corner of the world.

A TREASURE TROVE OF WONDERS

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Movie

Expanding Horizons

Time

4 min 30 secs

CREDITS

Zeelaf

Munir

A TREASURE TROVE OF WONDERS

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