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Psy 311: Piaget
PIAGET’S WORLD VIEW 1. Human nature: positive,
curious 2. Active individual 3. Interactionist: nature &
nurture 4. Discontinuity: qualitative
change, stages 5. Stages are universal
Psy 311: Piaget
PIAGET’S CONTRIBUTIONS
Intelligent behavior helps organisms adapt to their environments.
People actively construct new understandings of the world based on their interactions.
Psy 311: Piaget
PIAGET’S CONTRIBUTIONS
Young children, even infants, are intelligent. They think differently than older children and adults.
Focus on the processes of development.
Target: logico-mathematical thought.
Psy 311: Piaget
PIAGET’S 3 PROCESSES OF DEVELOPMENT
1. ADAPTATION– process of adjusting to the
demands of the environment.
Psy 311: Piaget
PIAGET’S 3 PROCESSES OF DEVELOPMENT (CONT)
1a. ASSIMILATION: interpreting new information in terms of existing schemes.
Psy 311: Piaget
PIAGET’S 3 PROCESSES OF DEVELOPMENT (CONT)
1b. ACCOMODATION: modifying existing schemes to better fit new information.
Psy 311: Piaget
PIAGET’S 3 PROCESSES OF DEVELOPMENT (CONT)
2. ORGANIZATION – process of combining existing
schemes into new and more complex ones.
Psy 311: Piaget
PIAGET’S 3 PROCESSES OF DEVELOPMENT
3. EQUILIBRATION– process of searching for
balance between cognitive structures and the environment.
Psy 311: Piaget
INFANCYSENSORI-MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
To
– Object permanence–Planful thinking–Ability to solve problems in the
head
Psy 311: Piaget
SYMBOLS 1. OBJECTS
–symbolic play 2. WORDS
–language, memory 3. IDEAS
–stories, fantasy, concepts
Psy 311: Piaget
PRESCHOOL AGEPRE-OPERATIONAL THOUGHT
1. SYMBOLIC FUNCTION: ability to make one thing represent something else
–past, present, future
–language
–pretend play
Psy 311: Piaget
PRESCHOOL AGEPRE-OPERATIONAL THOUGHT
2. PERCEPTUAL SALIENCE: understanding is dominated by single most perceptually salient feature
Child reasons based on how things appear rather than on logic
Psy 311: Piaget
PRESCHOOL AGEPRE-OPERATIONAL THOUGHT
3. EGO-CENTRISM: view the world solely from one’s own perspective
Psy 311: Piaget
MIDDLE CHILDHOODCONCRETE OPERATIONS
1. Thought is operational: consists of internalized, reversible, organized systems of action
2. Thought is logical: can reason logically about concrete objects, events, and situations
Psy 311: Piaget
Criticisms of Piaget’s Theory
1. Underestimated the cognitive abilities of infants & young children
Psy 311: Piaget
Criticisms of Piaget’s Theory (Cont)
2. Claimed that broad stages of development exist
–Overemphasized abruptness of shifts
–May be more domain specific
Psy 311: Piaget
Criticisms of Piaget’s Theory
3. Did not describe contribution of social environment
4. Too universal
Psy 311: Piaget
1. SENSORI-MOTOR
AGE: Infancy
DEVELOPMENT –Action schemes–Object permanence–Planful problem-solving
Psy 311: Piaget
3. CONCRETE OPERATIONS
AGE: Middle childhood
DEVELOPMENT: –Logic–Still concrete–No hypothetical thought
Psy 311: Piaget
LAST NAME, first name
Name the major advance and the major limitation for each stage of cognitive development.
1. Sensorimotor: 2. Preoperations: 3. Concrete operations: