Quick QuizQuick QuizIdentify the types of epithelial tissue below: Identify the types of epithelial tissue below: hint- hint-

look at the surface cellslook at the surface cells AA

BB

CC

DD

Tissues: Connective Tissues: Connective TissueTissue

Chapter 3Chapter 3

Connective TissueConnective Tissue

Slide 3.53Slide 3.53Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Found everywhere in the body

Includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues

Functions

Binds body tissues together

Supports the body

Provides protection

Connective Tissue Connective Tissue CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Slide 3.54Slide 3.54Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Variations in blood supply

Some tissue types are well vascularized

Some have poor blood supply or are avascular

Extracellular matrix

Non-living material that surrounds living cells

Extracellular MatrixExtracellular Matrix

Slide 3.55Slide 3.55Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Two main elements Ground substance – mostly water along

with adhesion proteins and polysaccharide molecules

Fibers Produced by the cells Three types

Collagen fibers Elastic fibers Reticular fibers

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

Slide 3.56Slide 3.56Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Bone (osseous tissue) Composed of:

Bone cells in lacunae (cavities)

Hard matrix of calcium salts

Large numbers of collagen fibers

Function: protect and support the body Figure 3.18a

Osseous Connective TissueOsseous Connective Tissue

Challenge ProblemChallenge Problem

1. ‘Oss’ at the beginning of a word 1. ‘Oss’ at the beginning of a word means _______means _______

2. Give three jobs of connective tissue2. Give three jobs of connective tissue 3. _________ are the spaces in the 3. _________ are the spaces in the

extracellular matrix where bone cells extracellular matrix where bone cells livelive

4. What are some problems if 4. What are some problems if ligaments rupture?ligaments rupture?

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

Slide 3.57Slide 3.57Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Hyaline cartilage Most common

cartilage

Composed of:

Abundant collagen fibers

Rubbery matrix

Entire fetal skeleton is hyaline cartilage Figure 3.18b

Hyaline CartilageHyaline Cartilage

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

Slide Slide 3.58a3.58a

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Elastic cartilage

Provides elasticity

Example: supports the external ear

Elastic CartilageElastic Cartilage

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

Slide Slide 3.58b3.58b

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Fibrocartilage

Highly compressible

Example: forms cushion-like discs between vertebrae

Figure 3.18c

FibrocartilageFibrocartilage

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

Slide 3.59Slide 3.59Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Dense connective tissue Main matrix element

is collagen fibers

Cells are fibroblasts

Examples Tendon – attach

muscle to bone

Ligaments – attach bone to bone Figure 3.18d

Dense Connective TissueDense Connective Tissue

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

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Areolar connective tissue Most widely

distributed connective tissue

Soft, pliable tissue

Contains all fiber types

Can soak up excess fluid Figure 3.18e

Areolar Connective TissueAreolar Connective Tissue

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

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Adipose tissue Matrix is an areolar tissue in which fat

globules predominate

Many cells contain large lipid deposits

Functions Insulates the body

Protects some organs

Serves as a site of fuel storage

Figure 3.18f

Adipose TissueAdipose Tissue

Challenge ProblemChallenge Problem

1. Identify one characteristic of 1. Identify one characteristic of areolar connective tissue. areolar connective tissue.

2. Adipose is also known as _____2. Adipose is also known as _____ 3. Muscle to bone= 3. Muscle to bone= 4. Bone to bone=4. Bone to bone= 5. In which part of cells of adipose 5. In which part of cells of adipose

tissue are droplets of fat stored?tissue are droplets of fat stored?

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

Slide 3.62Slide 3.62Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Reticular connective tissue Delicate network of

interwoven fibers

Forms stroma (internal supporting network) of lymphoid organs Lymph nodes Spleen Bone marrow

Figure 3.18g

Reticular Connective TissueReticular Connective Tissue

Connective Tissue TypesConnective Tissue Types

Slide 3.63Slide 3.63Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Blood

Blood cells surrounded by fluid matrix

Fibers are visible during clotting

Functions as the transport vehicle for materials

Figure 3.18h

BloodBlood

Challenge ProblemChallenge Problem1.1. Through which tissue does oxygen and Through which tissue does oxygen and

carbon dioxide travel to get to all parts carbon dioxide travel to get to all parts of the body?of the body?

2.2. The spleen and lymph nodes are made The spleen and lymph nodes are made of _______ connective tissue.of _______ connective tissue.

3.3. In which organelle of cells of adipose In which organelle of cells of adipose tissue are droplets of fat stored?tissue are droplets of fat stored?

4.4. What type of connective tissue are What type of connective tissue are intervertebral discs made?intervertebral discs made?

Quick QuizQuick Quiz

Name two functions of Connective Name two functions of Connective TissueTissue