Respiration and DigestionLab #6 – Bio 101

What is cellular respiration? A series of metabolic processes that use glucose to create ATP – adenosine triphosphate

BUT! ...How do we get glucose? - Digestion

Step-by-step breakdown basics:• Amylase in saliva starts to break down starches to

disaccharides• Stomach acid breaks apart large structures such as

cells and intercellular structures• Amylase in the small intestine completes the

breakdown of all carbohydrates to disaccharides• Maltases, lactases, and sucrases break down

disaccharides into monosaccharides• Glucose is brought to all the cells in the body through

the circulatory system

Food

Digestion

Glucose

Respiration

Cellular respiration – it’s a redox reaction

Oxidation and reduction OIL RIGOxidation is “losing” Reduction is “gaining”

Reminder:

Losing/gaining what? - Hydrogen atoms (usually)

38 ATP & Heat

(Glucose molecule)

(What you inhale)(What you exhale)

Cellular respiration – inputs and outputs

3 stages of respiration: 1) glycolysis, 2) Kreb’s cycle (citric acid cycle), 3) electron transport

Physiological implications of respiration:CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 …aka carbonic acid

Too much respiration too quickly:1. Hyperventilation expels CO2 2. Reduction in carbonic acid3. which causes blood pH to rise 4. respiratory alkalosis = bad news

Homeostasis is regulated by the kidneys

Cool fact: This is the exact phenomena that leads to ocean acidification and coral reef bleaching!

Respiration in plants

(This is not respiration… it’s the opposite. Whoa.)

Starch = glucose stored as a polymer (polysaccharide)

Process is exactly the same as animals…

Adult plants

Seeds, during germination