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Restoration & Conservation LLC Dr. James M. Cervino

e-mail: jamescervino@gmail.com Phone: 917-620-5287

HAZMAT OSHA Certified #1805221

Surface Phase 2 Investigation Report of 6819 Woodhaven Blvd., Queens New York

Prepared for: Damien Smith, President

First Standard Construction 70 Lafayette Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10013

Prepared By:

Dr. James M. Cervino, QEP Restoration and Conservation Advisement Group, LLC.

9-22 119th Street, College Point, NY 11356

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Table of Contents Purpose and Summary…………………………………………………………p. 3

Introduction……………………………………………………………………...p. 4

Regional Surficial Geology and Hydrology…………………………………p. 5

Methods & Logistical Approach………………………………………………p. 6

Sample Methodology…………………………………………………………...p. 7

Field Headspace VOC Analysis……………………………………………….p. 9

Results…………………………………………………………………………… p. 10

Recommendations and Discussions………………………………………….p. 15

Asbestos-Containing Materials……………………………………………….p. 16

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………….p. 16

Remedial Action Proposed….…………………………………………………p. 16

Estimated Cost…………………………………………………………………...p. 18

Appendix (site photos) …………………………………………………………p. 19

Figures:

Figure 1a……………………………………………………………………….....p. 3

Figure 1b………………………………………………………………………... p. 4

Figure 2a………………………………………………………………………... p. 5

Figure 2b………………………………………………………………………... p. 6

Figure 3……………………………………………………………………….......p. 7

Figure 4a……………………………………………………………………….... p. 8

Figures 4b, 4c, 4d……………...……………………………………………........p. 9

Figure 5a………………………………………………………………………......p. 11

Figures 5b, 5c……………………………………………………………………...p. 12

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Purpose and Summary

The purpose for the in-situ Phase 2 investigation was to identify recognized environmental conditions (RECs) in accordance with ASTM Standard E-1527-13 at 6819 Woodhaven Blvd (Figure 1a), located in the heart of Queens, New York, across from St John’s Cemetery. Due to the nature of the business, and “Automotive repair and auto-body repair” shop, may indicate an existing release, past release, or material threat of a release of hazardous substances or petroleum products into structures of the property or into the ground, groundwater, or surface water of the property of interest (Figure 1b). RECs includes hazardous substances and petroleum products under conditions that might be compliant within the law. The term does not include “de minimis” conditions that do not present a threat to human health and/or the environment, and that may not be subject to an enforcement action if brought to the attention of appropriate governmental agencies. Areas of concern (AOCs) were also identified during this investigation, which has shown evidence of a point source release to the site indoor main cesspool pit and potentially the groundwater, as a result of the usage history of the property. An AOC is defined as a location or area at a property where contaminated waste and/or hazardous substances (including petroleum products) may have been used, stored, treated, handled, disposed, spilled, and/or released to the environment. Figure 1a

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Figure 1b

Introduction

On behalf of 68-19 Rego Park LLC, Restoration & Conservation Advisement

Group LLC (RCA) of Queens, New York prepared this Phase 2 Remedial

Investigation Report to investigate the AOC and chemical soils and water

characterization analysis that was detected in the soil, and the potential for off

site migration the property located at 68-19 Woodhaven Blvd. Queens, New

York 11374, (the Site). A Phase II Remedial Investigation was performed to

compile and evaluate data and information necessary to develop this Remedial

Investigation. The remedial actions detailed in this document achieve the

remedial objectives, complies with applicable environmental standards, criteria

and guidance and conforms to applicable laws and regulations. This PH2 was

prepared in conformance with the New York State Department of Environmental

Conservation (NYSDEC) Technical Guidance for Site Investigation and

Remediation for the purposes of building a commercial and residential use

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building. The Site, Block 3148, Lot 2, is located in the Woodhaven section of

Queens adjacent to St John’s Cemetery, New York, as identified by the New

York City Department of Finance, is currently zoned as a Residential &

C o m m e r c i a l District (R4). The Site consists of a developed, almost rectangle

shaped lot, with auto body repair shop and garden center to the East and West of

the Auto Repair Shop. The Subject Property is residing to the Western side of

Woodhaven Blvd., and 68th Street. The area of the Site is depicted on Figure 2a,

Site Location Map, and the project area is shown in greater detail on the Site

Topographic Map.

Regional Surficial Geology and Hydrology

The surficial geology of Queens generally includes layers of unconsolidated

glacial deposits underlain by bedrock. The overburden glacial deposits generally

consist of clay, sand, sandy silt, sand and gravel deposits. The unconfined

deposits form surficial aquifers that are generally small and

restricted to the valley areas and are therefore irregular. Accordingly,

groundwater is not generally used as a source of potable water.

Figure 2a

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Methods & Logistical Approach

Each of the investigative areas are described in this section. The indoor auto

body repair shop, main cesspool pit directly on the east side of the building, is

labeled S-1 (Figure 2b).

Figure 2b

Figure 2b also shows four outside test pits, B2-B3-B4-B5, on the east and west

sides of the auto repair shop. B2 & B5 each consist of both one groundwater

sample and one soil boring sample; while S-1 consists of both a water cesspool

sample and a soil boring sample. Sample IDs B2 and B3 consist of 2 vertical

continuous soil boring samples due to the need to characterize any AOC

concerns arising from the Auto-body indoor activities, and its impacts to the flow

of groundwater as identified in Radius & GeoTech Map. The map, seen in Figure

3 below, shows the directional flow of groundwater and aquifer water data

points labeled (W).

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Figure 3

Sample Methodology

On May 20th, 2019, Restoration & Conservation LLC, advanced four exterior soil

borings, designated as B-2, B-3, B-4 and B-5 (Figures 4a-b), to terminal depths

ranging from approximately 27-37fbg. This Phase 2 investigation work plan was

developed to also characterize a groundwater (Figure 4c) investigation prior to

the proposed redevelopment, and address the RECs identified in the Phase I

Report. The scope of work proposed for the Phase II consisted of the

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advancement of four exterior soil borings for the collection of ten soil samples for

laboratory analyses and indoor Waste Water Cesspool samples (Figure 4d). This

consisted of one grab water sample and one bottom Cesspool trap soil sample,

totaling two data points for the indoor sample analysis event. Groundwater was

not encountered indoors; however, it can be assumed that the water in the

cesspool pit may be leaching into the GW. It should be noted that groundwater

was encountered in the deeper soil borings advanced within the overburden soil

to terminal depths of 27-37 fbg where refusal was met at some of the varying

depths. The soil boring locations were selected to establish the general

subsurface conditions beneath the Site, determine conditions in soils that are

planned to be left undisturbed following planned redevelopments, and

investigate areas of concern identified in the Phase I ESA prepared for the Site.

The soil boring locations for this investigation are as follows:

• B2-B3 were near the north & southeast corner of the Site within proposed building footprint (Figure 4A). • B4-B5 were located near the northwest portion of the Site within proposed building footprint (Figure 4). • S-1 (Cesspool Pit) at the central portion of the Site within current existing auto repair building footprint (Figure 4d). • B2-B5 Groundwater Investigation, were near the northeast and southwest portion of the Site where the proposed building’s footprint will be located (Figure 4c).

Figure 4a

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Figure 4b

Figure 4c

Figure 4d

Samples that were collected consisted of composite grab samples & VOC grabs

from each of the locations. A in-situ method using a PID-VOC MiniRay 3000

meter was used as a screening tool from different areas within the drill core

between vertical depths showed confirming results compared to the lab sample

IDs. VOC (8260) core sample samples consisted of slicing a soil sample from each

of vertical depth boring locations for statistically significant conclusions, shown

in Figure (4a-b). The VOC grabs consisted following the areas of olfactory AOCs,

which lead us to each of the test areas to avoid any conflict of Pseudoreplication.

These findings have avoided such errors based on our results, and sample

design.

Field Headspace VOC Analysis

Headspace analysis was performed on each of the acquired samples utilizing a

portable photo ionization detection (PID) meter to measure if VOCs are present

in the secured core samples. Headspace analyses were conducted by cutting a

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slice of soil from the core sample and filling it into a 2 oz. glass jar with no head

space, followed by placing that jar into a clean zip lock bag sealing it, thereby

preventing any void. This void is referred to as the sample headspace. To

facilitate the detection of possible hydrocarbons contained within the headspace,

the sealed container was agitated for a period of approximately 30 seconds and

allowed to equilibrate. The probe of the PID was then injected through the bag to

measure the VOC concentrations present. A MiniRae 3000 PID meter was the

organic vapor analyzer selected for the head space analysis. A PID utilizes the

principle of photo ionization for detection and measurement of hydrocarbon

compounds. A PID does not respond to all compounds similarly; rather, each

compound has its own response factor relative to its calibration. For this

investigation, the PID was calibrated to isobutylene span gas to yield total VOCs

in parts per million by volume (ppmv) referenced to benzene. Hydrocarbon

relative response factors for a PID calibrated to isobutylene are published by the

manufacturer. Results of the analysis were used to adjust the sample and

analysis program to yield the most accurate and representative

results.

Note: B2 Soil Sample: This sample was accessible from a sewer well at 0 grade at the

Southeast location garden center. The drill core depth started at 6-8 fbg.

Results

A visual inspection of the samples recovered during the installation of the four

(4) soil borings was conducted to identify signs of gross chemical contamination

and to classify the soil. Site specific geology indicates soil beneath the Site

consists of light to dark brown poorly sorted fine and coarse sands, mixed with

clay-sand soils within the upper five feet. The underlying soils consist of brown

to light brown well sorted medium to coarse sands with some silt content,

cobbles and some bands of light orange to yellow-sand with mica flakes (possible

mica schist). No signs of gross contamination were observed in the five (4) soil

borings; however, the presence of gross contamination was found at the indoor

Cesspool Pit consisting of muck soils comingled with paint fragments in the soil

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from the indoor. Glacial sedimentary sand was encountered at the terminal

depths of all soil borings to Groundwater at 37ft respectively.

North and South East: Figure (4a); Soil B2 & B3; PID-VOC readings; #1) 6-8ft

41ppm, #2) B3 0-7ft=49ppm. All other vertical depths in B2-B3 were ND readings

from PID-VOC readings.

North and South West: Figure (4b); Soil B4 & B5; PID-VOC readings; B4 0-11ft

indicate ND readings; however, B5-0-11ft show readings of 31ppm respectively

in soils boring sample ID. All other vertical depths in B4-B5 were ND readings

from PID-VOC readings.

Sample Main Test Pit (Main Cesspool Drainage Pit: Figure 5a & Test 4d).

PID-VOC readings; #1) Grab=3,710ppm, #2) Grab= 1,330ppm, #3) 789ppm.

Figure 5a

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Figure 5b

Figure 5c

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Sample Main Hydraulic Lift 1

PID-VOC readings; #1) ND, #2) Grab= 0.7ppm, #3) 0.8ppm 10ppm, #4)

Grab=NDppm

Sample Main Hydraulic Lift 2

PID-VOC readings; #1) Grab= NDppm, #2) Grab= 2ppm, #3) 9ppm, #4)=10ppm

Analytical Test Methods

The ten (10) soil samples collected from the Site were transported to a New York

State Certified Commercial Laboratory for analysis. Selection of the analytical

test methods was based on the NYSDEC Part 375 List Volatile Organic

Compounds (VOCs) per United States Environmental Protection Agency

(US EPA) Method 8260C, Semi Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs) per

USEPA Method 8270D, Metals per USEPA Methods 6010C or 7471B,

Pesticides/Herbicides per USEPA Method 8081B and polychlorinated biphenyls

(PCBs) per USEPA Method 8082A as applicable for the sample type and

location. The analytical results for the soil sample analysis were compared to

New York Codes Rules and Regulations (NYCRR) Part 375 Unrestricted and

Restricted Use Soil Cleanup Objectives (SCOs), as applicable. The laboratory

analysis performed on all soil samples did not detect target VOCs above the

applicable Part 375 Unrestricted Used SCO below 11ft at both East and West

testing locations. No PCBs were detected in the four (5) soil samples at

concentrations above the Part 375 UUSCOs. Low concentrations of a few VOCs

and PCBs were detected in some of the soil samples.

Sample Main Test Pit (Main Drainage Pit).

However, water and soil samples from indoor test Cesspool Pit S-1 showed gross

contamination of VOCs above 6NYCRR NYSDEC Subpart 375 Restricted Use

Industrial RSCOs. Exceedances in metals & pesticides above NYSDEC Subpart

375 Unrestricted Use and for the protection of groundwater SCO. All soils are

considered contaminated non-hazardous soils.

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North and South East B2 & North and South West Boring Locations

Shallow Layers

Sample ID B2 between 6-8ft and B5 0-11ft boring locations indicate gross

contamination can be seen isolated within this vertical depth range (Figure 4a-b).

Several target SVOCs were detected in the shallow soil samples collected from

soil borings at concentrations above their respective 6NYCRR Part 375

Unrestricted Use (UU), Restricted Residential Use and/or Protection of Ground

Water Use Soil Cleanup Objectives (SCOs), including: benzo(a)anthracene,

benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k) fluoranthene, chrysene,

dibenzo(a,h)anthracene and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene While additional SVOCs,

VOCs, metals, pesticides, herbicides, and PCBs, including EPH (Extractable

Petroleum Hydrocarbons) were detected in the soil samples collected from B-2

through B-3, none were at concentrations above their respective 6NYRCC Part

375 UUSCOs and for the Protection of Groundwater (Figure 4c).

North and South East B2 & North and South West Boring Locations

Deeper Layers Between 11-37ft.

None of the chemical concentrations ie., metals, VOC, SVOC, PCBs, Herbicides,

and Pesticides were shown to be above their respective 6NYRCC Part 375

UUSCOs and for the Protection of Groundwater. All soil samples from both East

and West locations below 7-11ft indicate clean native Part 375 Unrestricted Use

soils free of any historic contaminated fill. There was no presence of co-mingled

RCA, Brick and Asphalt consistent with recycled materials. These soils can

remain onsite, or if excavated, these soils can be taken to a local NYSDEC Part

360 permitted facility (Figure 4a-b).

Groundwater Samples

North and South East B2 & North and South West B5; Boring Locations

Both Groundwater samples do not pass NYSDEC TOGS Regulatory Limits for

metals, SVOCs and VOCs. Exceedances B5 water sample for VOCs are not meet

due to not being achievable by 8260 methods and their respective RL (Reporting

Limits), however, the metals, such as Arsenic, Lead, Chromium, Mercury, Nickel,

Copper, Cadmium, Zinc, Antimony, and Barium do fail TOGS as a result of the

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indoor painting and stripping of automotive activities for the past 20+ years

(Figure 4c). It appears that the tenant is sanding, stripping with thinners and

painting of cars, including oil changes that are acting as a point source of

chemical contamination that is effecting the groundwater from the Cesspool

center pit. The pathway to the groundwater appears to be coming from the

center Cesspool pit that leaches into the main sewer or storm water system that

makes its way into the GW (Figure 4d).

Recommendations & Discussion

This Phase II Environmental Site Assessment, Limited Subsurface Investigation

was conducted for the property located at 6819 Woodhaven Blvd located in the

heart of Queens New York New York, to address Recognized Environmental

Conditions (RECs) which were identified in the Phase I ESA dated April, 2019,

characterize the subsurface conditions prior to proposed redevelopment, and to

further define the environmental quality of the Site. This Phase 2 investigation on

the Site was completed in accordance with good commercial and customary

practice and generally accepted protocols within the consulting industry. The

scope of work proposed for the Phase II ESA consisted of the advancement of

four (4) exterior soil borings locations for the collection of fifteen (15) soil samples

for laboratory analyses and the (2) groundwater samples on both East and West

sides of the property, and (1) soil and (1) water sample from the Cesspool

directly in the center of the indoor Auto Repair Shop. The SVOCs detected are a

class of organic compounds referred to as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

(PAHs) which are typically formed during the incomplete burning of organic

material including wood, coal, oil, gasoline and automotive paining activities.

The concentrations of PAHs, in conjunction with the lead, mercury and zinc, and

detected in the in the shallow soils and GW are typical of concentrations found in

areas with this type Automotive Repair business activities. Historic fill such as

coal/incinerator ash and cinders, were not found at the site at any of the boring

locations.

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Asbestos-Containing Material (ACM)

Asbestos-containing building materials are generally classified as friable or non-

friable. Friable ACM are those which can be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to

powder by hand pressure, or by normal use or maintenance can be expected to

emit asbestos fibers into the air. Non-friable ACM is a potential concern if it is

damaged by maintenance work, demolition, or other activities, at which time it

may be considered friable. It should be noted that the limited visual screening

survey conducted under the scope of work for this assessment does not

constitute a full asbestos inspection, in which all areas of the buildings would

have been thoroughly surveyed and sampled. Restoration & Conservation did

note the potential insulated pipes and coatings that may indicate the presence of

ACM on the Subject Property.

Conclusions

We recommend that an immediate clean-up of the indoor center Cesspool pit;

due to the AOCs and point source of chemical contaminants listed under RCRA.

These chemicals are being rinsed into these main indoor Cesspool test pit, found

directly in the center of the indoor site work area, which may constitute a release

listed as a NYSDEC Spill. Remediation, and/or removal of the center Cesspool

Pit will prevent further contamination to the site Groundwater.

Remedial Action Proposed

1) Excavation, of a 20x20, and10ft depth, section surrounding the Cesspool is

needed.

2) Dismantle all automotive operations that result in a discharge of chemical contaminants into this said Cesspool. After cessation of automotive activities; submit all lab reports to an appropriate Class B facility that accepts petroleum contaminated soils followed by transportation/disposal of impacted soils within this 20x20ft grid.

3) Development of a plan for the handling of groundwater within the

excavation area for purposes of construction and any future dewatering. This will include the installation of temporary groundwater monitoring wells for the collection of representative groundwater data. (Groundwater Management).

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4) Quarterly monitoring of the groundwater will be necessary to see if

cessation of all automotive activities reduces the chemical concentration of the reported metals, SVOCs, and VOCs respectively.

5) An excavator or other feasible means of excavation will be utilized to

remove impacted soils down to and below the groundwater interface, to the final planned excavation depth. A field geologist will direct the removal of soils until field screening and/or other field characteristics indicate that the areas of contamination have been appropriately addressed, as feasible via excavation.

6) The proposed waste characterization testing includes full Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Semi-Volatile Compounds (SVOCs), Metals, Pesticides, Herbicides, Full Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Characteristics (including Ignitability, Reactivity (pH) and Corrosivity (IRC)), Target Compound List (TCL) VOCs ( NYSDEC CP-51 List by EPA Methods 8021 and 8270 listed as a subset), SVOCs, Target Analytes List (TALs)/Priority Pollutant List Metals (PP+40), Pesticides, PCBs, Herbicides, Cyanide, Hexavalent & Trivalent Chromium and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) DROs and GROs by EPA Method performed by a New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) ELAP-certified Laboratory.

7) The excavation area will be secured/stabilized and endpoint samples will be collected at select sidewalls of the excavation at a frequency of one grab sample (at 2/3 depth of the wall) at a frequency dependent upon the overall size of the excavation. In instances where the bottom of the excavation area is in groundwater or other fill material (concrete) is present that is not conducive to sampling, no endpoint samples will be collected. If end point samples are not able to be collected, groundwater samples may be collected in the standing excavation, in lieu of soil end points. All samples will be maintained in an ice-packed cooler and transported under strict chain-of-custody to a NYSDOH-ELAP-certified laboratory for VOC analysis by EPA Method 8260, Semi-Volatile Organics by EPA Method 8270 and Target Analyte List Metals .

8) During the excavation, loading and off-site transportation of the remaining construction waste, the contractor will take the following precautions prior to and during work activities, and excavation that disturb soil to reduce/eliminate exposures to community. If necessary, the material excavated will be stockpiled temporarily on-site atop of and covered by 10-mil plastic sheeting. Live loading will be the preferred method of waste material handling, as feasible, after sufficient characterization has been completed.

9) A continued soil characterization sampling program will be performed by Restoration & Conservation LLC to ensure complete characterization of

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the material to be excavated, prior to off-site transportation and disposal. This will allow Restoration to determine the appropriate treatment, recycling/disposal options for off-site transportation, procure any required permits; and assure that off-site disposal requirements for the waste. It is important to note that all soils below 7-11 ft are clean native sandy soils fee of historic fill. Remediation of all the catch basins, sewer systems including storm water wells will correct any point sources of pollution.

Estimated cost for remediation:

1) Environmental Mobilization and Parameter Grid Set Up 2) NYSDEC Spill Reporting 3) Remedial Action Work Plan 4) Waste Classification Horizontal & Vertical Delineation Plan 5) Health & Safety Plan 6) CAMP and Environmental Management 7) Excavator & Operator 8) Hauling and Disposal of 440cubic yards of impacted soils 9) Groundwater Monitoring Well Installation 10) Quarterly Reporting 11) NYSDEC Closure Report

Cost Estimate Breakdown Environmental Reporting, Testing and Monitoring= $40,000 Construction Services 2 Weeks=$30,000 Removal of Soils (440cy)=$29,700 Monitoring Well Installation=$5,500 Total = $105,200

I, Dr. James M. Cervino, of Restoration & Conservation Advisement Group LLC, am a Qualified Environmental Professional as defined in §43-140. I declare that, to the best of my professional knowledge, I/my firm meet the definition of Environmental Professional as defined in §312.10 of 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 312 and agree to this Phase 2 Investigation Report. Dr. James M. Cervino June 10th 2019 QEP Name

QEP Signature

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APPENDIX Site Photos

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