Retales de Masoneria 019

7/30/2019 Retales de Masoneria 019

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3

@ðf 3 — E¿ 0: Fdtucrh - 3<03

Dfethejkf

Gèusdrjtf Kfwièk 4

Dfestjtudjfehs kh Zfrn 2

Hst`tutfs kh ifs dèthrfs kh Cfifej` 1

Gèusdrjtf Shmjus f kh Aìijwhi 3<

Kjddjfe`rjf g`sôejdf 4<

\rhmuet`s kh g`sfehrç` 40

Bftfs y kfdughetfs etjmufs 40

Dffrkje`kfr? G`rjf IôphzG`quht`djôe? Ahjekìi

<0- Fdtucrh - 3<03

HkjtfrjìPP.½.AA.½. tfkfs, ` d`k` uef he su mr`kf y

dfekjdjôe.

[è jgpfrtèth dfgf s`chr hi khstjef ì duìefs kjrjmjgfs hs dfefdhr hi frjmhe khi duì prf-

dhkhgfs.

He hi d`sf kh i` Frkhe g`sôejd` hstf p`s`pfr dfefdhr i`fs kfdughetfs y gèusdrjtfsètjmufs quh sfcrh euhstr` @umust` Frkhe sh

aè dfeshrv`kf.

@ p`rtjr kh hsth eughrf dfgjhezf uefs hsph-djìhs kfekh sfif jrê pucijdèkf hsths gèus-

drjtfs y kfdughetfs he frkhe drfefiômjdf.Drhf quh ef sh gh fivjk`rà ejemuef he hi tje-

thrf, phrf kh shr `sç hsphrf quh gh if jekj-quêjs.

Hxjstjrà ue` hxdhpdjôe ` hst` rhmi`, hs hi prj-ghrf kh tfkfs, hi gèusdrjtf Kfwièk pfr i`

sjgpih r`zôe kh quh ef dfefzdf hi `ðf hx`dtfsjef hi sjmif he hi duì sh supfeh buh hsdrjtf>

pfr hiif v` kh prjghrf, hi rhstf, dfefdjkf hi`ðf hx`dtf f hi g`rmhe kh `ðfs, sj vè drfef-

iômjd`gheth.

Hsphrf shè kh vuhstrf `mr`kf y, ùequh ef

ifs ihàjs àfr`, mu`rk`kifs pfrquh sfe i` ajs-tfrj` kh euhstr` Frkhe, euhstr` ajstfrj`, if

quh sfgfs he rhìjk`k.

Efs ihhgfs hi ghs quh vjheh.

Xe [.½.@.½.B.½.

G`rjf Iôphz (Dffrkje`kfr )



4

Gèusdrjtf Kfwièk

K`t`kf he hi sjmif QRJ

Kfwièk, djuk`k kh Khvfe he Jemi`thrr`. Iu-m`r kfekh sh hedfetrô hi gèusdrjtf frjmjeì hejemiês ghkjhvì

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

I` Cjcij` rhi`t`, he hi du`rtf d`pçtuif khi Mê-ehsjs, quh èths khi Kjiuvjf kh Efê a`cç` ueafgcrh ii`g`kf I`ghd y quh hsth afgcrh tuvfkfs hspfs`s, ue` ii`g`k` @kà y ftr` ii`g`k` Tjià.@kà hemhekrô kfs ajofs v`rfehs, Z`cì y Zucì, ysu shmuek` hspfs` Tjià ue v`rôe y ue` guohr. Hs-tfs du`trf ajofs buek`rfe tfk`s i`s djhedj`s khi

guekf. [ì dfgf sh rhi`t` he hi èthkjdaf d`pçtu-if, hi ajof g`yfr Z`cì buekô i` djhedj` kh i`Mhfghtrç`, iiheô ifs d`gpfs dfe rhc`ðfs kh fvh-

o`s y dfrkhrfs y buh hi prjghrf he dfestrujr ue`d`s` kh pjhkr` y g`khr`. Tu ahrgèf Zucì buekôi` djhedj` kh i` Gÿsjd`, hi dètf, hi `rp` y hi ôr-mèf. Hi thrdhrf kh ifs ahrgèfs, [ucì-D`çe bue-kô hi fbjdjf kh i` ahrrhrç` dfe frf, pi`t`, dfcrh,ajhrrf y `dhrf> y i` ajo` buekô hi fbjdjf kh [hohr. Zdfgf s`cçè quh Kjfs sh tfg`rç` su vhemèz` pfrhi phd`kf, y` buhsh pfr buhmf f pfr `mu`, hsdrjcjh-

rfe su dfefdjgjhetf he kfs pji`rhs kh pjhkr` p`r`quh pukjhr` shr hedfetr`kf khspuês khi Kjiuvjf kh

Efê. Xef hr` kh gàrgfi, p`r` quh ef pukjhsh shrkhstrujkf pfr hi buhmf y hi ftrf kh i`t`strf0 (dihp-

phk ièthrs) p`r` quh ef pukjhsh shr kjsuhitf pfri`s mu`s.

Euhstr` jethedjôe hs k`r vhrk`khr` duhet``dhrd` kh dôgf y he quê gèhr` buhrfe hedfetr`-k`s hst`s pjhkr`s y `dhrd` khi dfefdjgjhetf quhiihv`cè hsdrjtf. Hi mrè Ahrg`rjehs, ajof kh Duc-ys, hi duì hr` ajof kh Thg, ` su vhz ajof kh Efê,

pfsthrjfrgheth ii`g`kf Ahrghs hi p`krh kh ifsafgcrhs s`cjfs, buh qujhe hedfetrô uef kh ifs kfs

pji`rhs kh pjhkr`, khsducrjô hi dfefdjgjhetf quhìiç hst`c` hsdrjtf y if heshðô ` ftrfs afgcrhs.A`y gudaf tr`còf kh G`sfehrç` he i` dfestrud-djôe kh i` [frrh kh C`cjifej`. Hi Shy kh C`cjif-ej`, duyf efgcrh hr` Ehgrfk, còf i` phtjdjôe khsu prjgf hi Shy kh Eçejvh, gèkô ìiç shshet`G`sfehs y ihs kjf, hetrh ftr`s, hst`s ôrkhehs? quh

buhshe bjhihs ifs uefs dfe ifs ftrfs y sh `g`she

0 I` pì`cr` i`t`strf prfdhkh khi i`tçe "i`thrs", y a`dhrhbhrhedj` ì i`krjiif

vhrk`khr`gheth, y quh sjrvjhrè efcihgheth ` sushðfr p`r` hi oustf ghrhdjgjhetf kh su p`m`, y

p`r` quh su g`hstrf pukjhr` shr vhehr`kf pfr hiif

y rhdjcjr sus afefrhs. @sç buh dfgf i` G`sfehrç`rhdjcjô su prjghr hed`rmf.

\fr ftr` p`rth, @crà`g sh buh dfe su hspfs`T`r` ` Hmjptf, y heshðô i`s Tjhth Djhedj`s ` ifsHmjpdjfs. [uvf ue jesjmeh kjsdçpuif kh efgcrhHudijkhs. Êsth `prhekjô guy cjhe y buh g`hstrf khi`s sjhth Djhedj`s Ijchrìhs. Z fdurrjô he `quhiifstjhgpfs quh ifs shðfrhs khi rhjef tuvjhrfe mrèdètjk`k kh khsdhekhedj` dfe sus guohrhs y dfeftr`s guohrhs khi rhjef, puhs `quhi hr` ue puhcif

bhduekf y bêrtji. Z hi ef thehr ghkjfs kh vjk` kjm-efs p`r` sus ajofs hr` ue mr`vh prfcihg`. Hetfe-dhs, hi Shy drhô ue mrè Dfeshof y dhihcrô ue

p`ri`ghetf dfe hi prfpôsjtf kh cusd`r ìmue`bfrg` p`r` quh sus ajofs pukjhrè vjvjr afehst`-gheth duì d`cìihrfs. Z ef pukjhekf hedfetr`rejemue`, buhrfe pjkjhekf `yuk` pfr tfkf hi rhjef,

pfr sj a`cç` ìmujhe quh pukjhsh y qujsjhr` jr `jestrujrihs, `bjrgèkf quh shrç` tè cjhe rhdfg-

phes`kf pfr su tr`còf quh ` cuhe shmurf if a`rç`kh guy cuhe mr`kf.

Khspuês kh a`chr ièz`kf hst` phtjdjôe, iihmôhi jiustrh Hudijkhs y ihs kjof ì rhy y ` sus mrèkhsshðfrhs? "Tj quhrêjs, hetrhm`kgh ` vuhstrfs ajofs

p`r` quh ifs hkuquh y ifs jestruy` sfcrh ue` kh

i`s Tjhth Djhedj`s, dfe if quh pfkràe vjvjr tè

afehst`gheth dfgf ifs d`cìihrfs, dfe i` dfekj-

djôe kh quh gh ftfrmuêjs hi pfkhr kh mfchre`rifs

rhsphdtf ` i` bfrg` he quh hst` Djhedj` khch shr

hohdut`k`".

Z hi Shy y tfkf su Dfeshof ih ftfrm`rfe sjegàs khgfr` tfkf if quh phkç` y shii`rfe hi `duhr-kf. Z hsth jiustrh Kfdtfr tfgô ` ifs ajofs kh `quh-iifs shðfrhs y ihs heshðô i` pràdtjd` kh i` djhedj`kh i` Mhfghtrç`, ihs heshðô tfk`s i`s bfrg`s khtr`cò`r i`s pjhkr`s ehdhs`rj`s p`r` dfestrujr jmih-sj`s, thgpifs, d`stjiifs, tfrrhs, bhukfs y duìqujhrftr` di`sh kh dfestruddjôe, y ihs kjf hst`s ôrkhehs?

@eth tfkf khcçè shr ihìhs ì Shy y ` su sh-

ðfr. Khcçè shr ihìhs hetrh hiifs y `g`rsh ifsuefs ` ifs ftrfs. Khcçè ii`g`rsh hetrh hiifs dfg- p`ðhrf f ahrgèf, eued` drj`kf ej chii`df f duì-qujhr ftrf efgcrh mrfshrf. Khcçè shr ghrhdhkf-



;

rhs kh i` p`m` kh su shðfr f kh su g`hstrf. Khcçèfrkhe`r g`hstrf ì ghofr kh tfkfs hiifs y ef a`-dhrif pfr b`vfrjtjsgf f pfr su efcih ijeòh> ej p`r`fcthehr rjquhz`s f b`vfrhs kho`r quh buhsh frkhe`-kf g`hstrf ìmujhe quh ef hstuvjhsh d`p`djt`kf

p`r` hiif kh bfrg` quh su shðfr quhk`sh gì shr-vjkf p`r` vhrmùhez` kh tfkfs. @khgàs, khcçèii`g`r ` su d`p`t`z G`hstrf, gjhetr`s hstuvjhshe tr`còèkf dfe êi. Z `ÿe ftrfs gudafs khchrhs3 quh tfg`rç` gudaf tjhgpf heughr`r. Z ihs a`dç`tfg`r dfgprfgjsf khi dugpijgjhetf kh hstfs kh-

chrhs dfe ue jgpfrtèth our`ghetf tì dfgf hrùsuì he `quhiifs tjhgpfs, y ihs frkheô quh vjvjh-rè afehst`gheth kh `duhrkf ì sì`rjf quh mè`-

cè. @sjgjsgf, khcçè rhuejrsh tfkfs ue` vhz ì`ðf, p`r` kjsdutjr sfcrh dôgf shrvjr ghofr ` sushðfr y ì duitf gjsgf, y p`r` d`stjm`r ` `quêi quhkh hetrh hiifs aucjhsh trèsmrhkjkf ifs khchrhs he

phroujdjf kh i` djhedj`. Z `sç buh dfgf sh hst`cih-djô hst` djhedj` ` i` duì hi jiustrh Thðfr Hudijkhskjf hi efgcrh kh Mhfghtrç` y quh àfr` sh ii`g`

pfr tfkf hi rhjef, G`sfehrç`.

Gudaf tjhgpf khspuês, duèkf ifs Ajofs khJsr`hi buhrfe ` i` [jhrr` \rfghtjk`4, if quh àfrìi`g`gfs \`çs kh Oarjg, hi Shy K`vjk dfghezô i`dfestruddjôe khi [hgpif quh ìiç sh ii`g` [hgpifkh H-Keje-Ja; y quh efsftrfs dfefdhgfs dfgf[hgpif kh Ohrusìêe. Hi Shy K`vjk theç` ` ifs

G`sfehs he mrè hstjg` y ihs p`m`c` guy cjhe. Zihs kjf ifs khchrhs quh a`cç` `prhekjkf kh Hudij-khs he Hmjptf, ouetf dfe ftr`s ôrkhehs quh fjrêjsgàs `khièth. Khspuês kh i` guhrth khi Shy K`-vjk, Tìfgôe, su ajof, thrgjeô hi [hgpif quh su

p`krh a`cç` dfghez`kf, y gèkô ` cusd`r g`sf-ehs ` kjvhrs`s tjhrr`s y p`çshs. Shuejô ` du`trf-djhetfs tr`cò`kfrhs kh i` pjhkr`, tfkfs hiifs G`-sfehs. Z kh hetrh hiifs hsdfmjô ` trhsdjhetfs, ` ifsquh frkheô g`hstrfs y kjrhdtfrhs kh su fcr`.@khgàs, he ftr` rhmjôe a`cç` ue Shy ii`g`kf

Ojràe quh `prhdj`c` gudaf ì Shy Tìfgôe y ihkjf g`khr` p`r` su fcr`. Êsth theç` ue ajof ii`g`-

3 @ if i`rmf khi thxtf, i` pì`cr` da`rmhs a` sjkf tr`ku-

djk` dfgf ôrkhehs puhstf quh sh tr`t` kh ue` trèsgjsjôevhrcì èthrjfr ì hst`cihdjgjhetf rhì kh ifs khchrhs g`sô-ejdfs. @quç sh hgpjhz` ` tr`kudjr dfgf khchrhs puhstf quhhs hi gfghetf khi hst`cihdjgjhetf khi our`ghetf g`sôejdfdfgf dfgprfgjsf bfrgì dfe i` djhedj` y i` pràdtjd` kh i`G`sfehrç` ì quh `quhiifs a`dhe rhbhrhedj`

4 Hs durjfsf fcshrv`r quh if quh sh tr`kudh he ihemu`d`sthiiè` pfr \rfghtjk` hs hi Chahst jemiês ([ah Ièk fb

Chahst) quh sjmejbjd` gèk`tf f phtjdjôe; Efgcrh khkudjkf kh ifs tfpôejgfs quh djrduekè i`djuk`k kh Ohrusìêe, tfg`kf kh ue `ti`s cçcijdf. He hi g`-eusdrjtf frjmjeì if hsdrjche K'EJ. Ftrf kh ifs efgcrhs dfequh sh khsjme`c` hi ium`r hr` Cht-Afrôe

kf @yefe quh hr` G`hstrf kh i` Mhfghtrç` y buhhi Mrè G`hstrf kh tfkfs ifs G`sfehs, y buhG`hstrf kh tfkfs ifs mr`c`kfs y rhijhvhs y kh tf-kfs ifs tr`còfs quh i` G`sfehrç` fcrô he hi [hg-

pif. Hi thrdhr d`pçtuif khi ijcrf kh Shyhs kh i`Cjcij` k` thstjgfejf kh hiif. Tìfgôe dfebjrgôtètf ifs khchrhs dfgf i`s gèhr`s8 quh su p`krha`cç` k`kf ` ifs G`sfehs. Z `sç buh dfgf sh hst`-

cihdjô i` afefr`cih djhedj` kh i` G`sfehrç` he i`tjhrr` kh Ohrusìêe, y he gudafs ftrfs rhjefs.

Gudafs afgcrhs kh hsth fbjdjf vjò`rfe du-rjfsfs y `vheturhrfs ` ftr`s tjhrr`s, ìmuefs cus-dèkf gàs dfefdjgjhetfs y ftrfs p`r` heshð`r hifbjdjf ` ifs jmefrèths. Xef kh hiifs, ii`g`kfG`ygus Mrhdus, quh a`cç` hst`kf he i` dfestrud-djôe khi thgpif kh Tìfgôe buh ` Brèdj` y shhedfetrô dfe D`rifg`mef. @ êsth ih must`c` i`

djhedj` y qujsf `prhekhr kh êi. \fsthrjfrgheth`sugjô `sjgjsgf ifs khchrhs y i`s gèhr`s. Khs- puês, pfr i` mr`dj` kh Kjfs, buh hihmjkf Shy khBrèdj`. Kurèth su rhje`kf tfgô G`sfehs y ftrfsafgcrhs sje fbjdjf y ifs ajzf G`sfehs. Ihs kjftr`còf, ifs khchrhs y i`s gèhr`s, y ue` cuhe`

p`m`, tì dfgf a`cç` `prhekjkf kh ftrfs G`sfehs.Z ihs prfpfrdjfe`c` tfkfs ifs `ðfs ue` d`rt`g`me`2 p`r` quh pukjhshe rhuejrsh kfekh qujsjh-rè, y ihs theç` he mrè hstjg`. @sç buh dfgf hst`djhedj` sh hst`cihdjô he Brèdj`.

He Jemi`thrr` ef aucf G`sfehrç` he tfkf hsthtjhgpf a`st` i` êpfd` kh Tè @icfehs. He suskç`s, hi Shy kh Jemi`thrr` quh hr` \`mèf, dfes-truyô ue` gurìi` ìrhkhkfr khi puhcif ii`g`kfTè @icfehs. Tè @icfehs hr` ue afefr`cih D`c`-iihrf `kgjejstr`kfr kh i` D`s` Shì y theç` pfkhrsfcrh hi rhjef, y pfr if tètf t`gcjêe sfcrh i`dfestruddjôe kh i` gurìi`. [heç` ` ifs G`sfehshe guy cuhe` hstjg`. Ihs p`m`c` guy cjhe, dfgfi` d`thmfrç` kh su rhjef sh ghrhdç`, puhstf quh ihs

k`c` kfs dahijehs y shjs phejquhs ` i` shgè`, ytrhs ` ifs phfehs=. A`st` quh Tè @icfehs if he-ghekô, he `quhiifs kç`s y pfr `quhii`s tjhrr`s, ueG`sôe ef mè`c` gàs quh ue phejquh ì kç` y su

8 @quç hi thxtf frjmjeì a`ci` kh tah gèehrs he `kj-djôe ` ifs da`rmhs, rhbjrjêekfsh ` i` dfekudt` mhehrì kh ifsG`sfehs. Th pfkrç` tr`kudjr t`gcjêe dfgf usfs

2 He hi thxtf frjmjeì? Da`rtfur, quhrjhekf sjmejbjd`rue` ùtfrjz`djôe hst`cihdjk` pfr hsdrjtf. Th pfkrç` tr`kudjrt`gcjêe dfgf hst`tutfs f dfestjtudjfehs

=

Th rhbjhrh ` ifs `yukèths, ` ifs tr`cò`kfrhs kh i`fcr` sje dfefdjgjhetfs têdejdfs, ` ìmujhe quh ef puhkh shrdfesjkhr`kf dfgf pfshhkfr khi fbjdjf. I` pì`cr` us`k` hehi thxtf frjmjeì shrç` hi hqujvìheth ` efehsuda khi jemiêsgfkhref quh ijthrìgheth sjmejbjd` ue "kfe e`kjh



8

dfgjk`. [`gcjêe ihs prfpfrdjfeô ue` d`rt` g`me`khi Shy y su Dfeshof p`r` dhihcr`r ue dfeshofmhehrì, ì quh ii`gô @s`gcih` y ` i` quh êi gjs-gf `sjstç`, `yuk`c` ` frkhe`r G`sfehs y ihs k`cìfs khchrhs, dfgf fjrêjs gàs `khièth.

Oustf khspuês kh i` guhrth kh Tè @icfehs, hirhjef kh Jemi`thrr` gètuvf v`rj`s muhrr`s dfeftr`s e`djfehs quh khstruyhrfe hi cuhe tr`còf khi` G`sfehrç`> y hstf kurô a`st` i` êpfd` khi Shy@tahistfeh quh buh ue Shy guy jgpfrtèth p`r`Jemi`thrr` ` i` quh khvfivjô i` p`z y hi sfsjhmf.@prhdj`c` ` ifs G`sfehs y dfestruyô mrèkhsfcr`s? @c`kç`s, [frrhs y ftr`s kjvhrs`s dfestrud-djfehs. [heç` ue ajof ii`g`kf Hkwje quh `prhdj`-

c` ` ifs G`sfehs ùe gàs quh su p`krh y hr` uehxdhiheth pr`dtjdèth kh i` Mhfghtrç`. Ih must`c`gudaf a`ci`r y dfevjvjr dfe ifs G`sfehs y

`prhekhr su djhedj`, pfr if quh pfsthrjfrgheth buhahdaf G`sôe y fctuvf khi Shy, su p`krh, ue` d`r-t` g`me` y hi Hed`rmf kh dhihcr`r ue` @s`gcih`d`k` `ðf he hi ium`r quh qujsjhrè khetrf khi rhjefkh Jemi`thrr` p`r` d`stjm`r i`s bìt`s y trèsmrhsjf-ehs dfetr` i` djhedj` kh ifs quh kh hetrh hiifs i`saucjhshe dfghtjkf. Êi gjsgf dhihcrô ue` @s`g-

cih` he Zfrn y frkheô G`sfehs he hii`, kàekfihs

ifs khchrhs y heshðàekfihs i`s gèhr`s> y ihs fr-kheô quh tfkf hiif buhr` prhshrv`kf p`r` sjhgprh,hst`cihdjhekf i` frkheèz` kh quh sh trèsgjtjhr`kh Shje`kf he Shje`kf.

Z hstèkf rhuejk` i` `s`gcih` prhmuetô ` tf-kfs ifs ètjmufs y euhvfs G`sfehs sj theçè ìmÿehsdrjtf f efdjôe kh ifs khchrhs y gèhr`s quhaucjhsh pfkjkf a`chr he hi p`s`kf he su rhjef fhe ìmÿe ftrf, y quh sj `sç buhrh, hr` su khchr gfs-tr`ri`s ` tfkfs. Z sh vjf quh uefs sh a`cçè hedfe-tr`kf he brèdês, ftrfs he mrjhmf, he jemiês f heftr`s ihemu`s, y quh tfkfs hrè uef. Hetfedhs ifhsdrjcjô he ue ijcrf ouetf dfe i` ajstfrj` khi jejdjfkh i` djhedj`.

Z êi gjsgf frkheô quh tfkf hiif khchrç` ihhr-sh f rhdjt`rsh duèkf sh frkhe`sh ìmÿe G`sôe,

p`r` k`rih sus Khchrhs. Z khskh hetfedhs a`stèuhstrfs kç`s, i`s gèhr`s kh ifs G`sfehs sh aè prhshrv`kf kh hst` bfrg`, `sç dfgf ifs afgcrhsquh ifs mfcjhreè. @khgàs, kjvhrs`s @s`gcih`saè `ð`kjkf djhrtfs khchrhs sjmujhekf hi cuhedfeshof kh G`hstrfs y dfgp`ðhrfs.



2

Dfestjtudjfehs kh Zfrn

@ðf :32 h.½. v.½.

Ihyhs u fcijm`djfehs prhsdrjt`s ` ifs ahr-

gèfs g`sfehs pfr hi prçedjph Hkwje1

"Puh hi Tfchrèf \fkhr khi Kjfs hthref, \`-krh y Drh`kfr khi Djhif y kh i` [jhrr`, i` s`cjkurç`kh su vhrcf y su jebiuhedj`, shè dfe euhstr` hg-

prhs` y efs a`m` i` mr`dj` kh dfekudjrefs kh gf-kf quh ghrhzdè su `prfc`djôe he hst` vjk` yfcthekrhgfs khspuês kh euhstr` guhrth i` vjk`hthre`".

0.- Ruhstrf prjghr khchr hs afer`r ` Kjfs yfcshrv`r sus ihyhs, pfrquh sfe prhdhptfs kjvjefs,

` ifs quh tfkf hi guekf khch fchkjhedj`. \fr hsfkhcêjs hvjt`r i`s ahrhoç`s y ef fbhekhr ` Kjfs.

3.- Thrêjs bjhihs ` vuhstrf rhy, y he duìqujhr p`rth he kfekh fs hedfetrêjs, fs sfghthrêjs ihì-gheth ` i` ùtfrjk`k. Hvjt`k sjhgprh dfghthr hidrjghe kh ìt` tr`jdjôe, y sj i` khsducrçs, kheue-dj`kif ì rhy.

4.- Hst`k sjhgprh prhstf ` ùxjij`r ` ifs ftrfs` qujhehs fs uehe i`zfs kh ue` vhrk`khr` `gjst`k,

sje quh p`r` hiif sjrv` o`gàs kh fcstàduif i` kjbh-rhedj` kh rhijmjôe f kh fpjejôe.

;.- Khcêjs shr bjhihs, prjedjpìgheth ifs uefsrhsphdtf kh ifs ftrfs, dfguejd`rfs ifs khsducrj-gjhetfs quh a`màjs he vuhstrf `rth, y `yuk`rfs

1 Eft` khi Dffrkje`kfr? He hi `ðf :32 , hi \rçedjphHkwje, ahrgèf khi Shy @tahistè, ejhtf kh @ibrhkf hiMrèkh, rhuejô i` Br`threjk`k he Zfrn, prhvj` i` fcthedjôekh ue` Frkhe Shì quh ùtfrjzô i` rhuejôe èuì kh i`

@s`gcih`. @ phs`r kh a`chrsh rhuejkf i` Br`threjk`k v`rj`svhdhs, ghrdhk ` hsth phrgjsf rhì, ef sh puhkh dfesjkhr`rhst`s @s`gcih`s dfgf hi frjmhe kh i`s Mrèkhs Ifmj`s, ìghefs dfgf êst`s sh dfefdhe ì prhsheth puhs hi efgcrhquh sh ihs kjf, buh hi kh @T@GCIH@ MHEHS@I KH G@-TFEHT y he hii` theçè `sjhetf tfkfs ifs `bjij`kfs sje kjs-tjedjôe kh mr`kfs. @sjgjsgf, duìqujhr ahrgèf quh pukjh-r` p`m`r sus khrhdafs, theç` ùtfrjz`djôe p`r` drh`r y kjrjmjrIfmj`s ` su `rcjtrjf, shmÿe ihs rhmi`ghetfs `dfrk`kfs pfr i`@s`gcih` khi \rçedjph Hkwje, y i`s jestì`cè sje if quhàfr` sh ii`g` D`rt` Dfestjtutjv`, dfe b`duit`k kh jejdj`rahrgèfs.

[fkf ahrgèf theç` vfz y vftf he kjda`s @s`gcih`s y

i`s Shsfiudjfehs sh `kfpt`cè pfr g`yfrç` kh subr`mjfs, ifgjsgf quh i`s @s`gcih`s kh d`ràdthr pfiçtjdf. I`s @s`g- cih`s Mhehrìhs hst`cihdjk`s he hi `ðf :32 sucsjstjhrfe pfrsjmifs, dfe rhuejfehs èuìhs he Zfrn, y buhrfe ifs Tuprh-gfs [rjcueìhs kh Oustjdj` kh i` Br`threjk`k.

gutu`gheth> ef dìugej`rfs> y prfdhkhk dfgfquhràjs quh prfdhkè dfe vfsftrfs. Tj iihm`r` `

sudhkhr quh ue ahrgèf bìt`sh ` sus khchrhs dfeftrf ahrgèf f dfe phrsfe` duìqujhr`, f sh ajdjh-sh duip`cih kh duìqujhr` ftr` bìt`, tfkfs khche`yuk`rih ` rhp`r`r hi gì y ` dfrrhmjrsh p`r` ifsudhsjvf.

8.- [`gcjêe khcêjs dfebfrg`rfs hx`dt`ghethdfe i`s khdjsjfehs y kjspfsjdjfehs `dfrk`k`s hei`s ifmj`s, y ef dfebj`r ` ejemuef quh ef sh` kh iàhrgèk`k, sus sjmefs p`rtjdui`rhs.

2.- Puh d`k` uef pfr sç sh `csthem` dujk`kf-s`gheth kh tfk` khsihìt`k, pfrquh hi afefr y i`bjkhijk`k sfe jekjsphes`cihs p`r` hi sfsthejgjhetfkh i` `sfdj`djôe, y ue` cuhe` rhput`djôe hs uemrè cjhe y hs ehdhs`rjf ef phrkhr kh vjst` t`g-

cjêe hi jethrês khi shðfr y khi g`hstrf ` qujhehssjrvàjs, y thrgje`r sjhgprh dfevhejhethgheth i`sfcr`s quh fs hed`rmuhe.

=.- Hs jekjsphes`cih t`gcjêe p`m`r çethmr`-gheth if quh khcàjs, y sfcrh tfkf ef `kqujrjr o`-

gàs khuk` quh dfgprfghtè hi afefr kh i` ahr-gèk`k.

1.- Shdfrk`k sjhgprh quh ejemÿe g`hstrf khch hgprhekhr ue tr`còf sj ef sh sjheth d`p`z khhohdut`rif> pfrquh dùs`rç` hi g`yfr phroujdjf ì`rth y ` i` `sfdj`djôe. [fkf g`hstrf khch sjhgprhmè`r if subjdjheth p`r` quh êi vjv` y puhk` p`m`rsus fcrhrfs.

:.- Ejemuef khch tr`t`r kh supièt`r ` ftrf, pfrquh hs ehdhs`rjf kho`r ` d`k` uef hi tr`còfquh a`y` pfkjkf prfdur`rsh, ì ghefs quh sh rh-dfefzd` quh hs jed`p`z kh hohdut`rif.

0<.- Ejemÿe g`hstrf khch `kgjtjr ` ue`prhekjz, sj ef sh dfgprfghth ` tr`cò`r pfr hsp`-djf kh sjhth `ðfs> y p`r` rhdjcjrif khch dfet`r dfei` `prfc`djôe kh ifs ahrgèfs.

00.- \`r` quh ue g`hstrf f ue dfgp`ðhrf

puhk` prhshet`r ` ue` phrsfe`, hs ehdhs`rjf quhhst` phrsfe` a`y` e`djkf ijcrh, quh them` ue`rhput`djôe jet`da`cih, quh them` d`p`djk`k y quhifs dfeshrvh tfkfs.



=

03.- Th rhdfgjhek` guy hbjd`zgheth ` tfkfsifs dfgp`ðhrfs quh ef drjtjquhe hi tr`còf kh ifsftrfs, ùequh ef shpè hohdut`rif tè cjhe dfgfhiifs.

04.- [fkf g`hstrf khch sfghthrsh ` i`s fc-shrv`djfehs quh ih a`m` hi kjrhdtfr mhehrì kh i`sfcr`s> y ifs dfgp`ðhrfs khche thehr he duhet` i`squh ihs kjrjoè ifs g`hstrfs.

0;.- [fkfs ifs g`sfehs khche fchkhdhr ` sussuphrjfrhs y hst`r prfetfs ` a`dhr duhetf ih frkh-ehe.

08.- [fkf g`sôe khch `dfmhr d`rjðfs`gheth` ifs dfgp`ðhrfs quh iihmuhe khi dfetjeheth, y ihs

a`mè i`s shðìhs y sjmefs kh rhdfefdjgjhetf.Khch dujk`r kh hiifs dfgf hstà gèk`kf, he higfghetf quh iihmuh ` su eftjdj` su khsmr`dj`.

02.- Ej ifs g`hstrfs ej ifs dfgp`ðhrfs khchek`r hetr`k` ` i`s ifmj`s ì quh ef a`y` sjkf rhdjcj-kf g`sôe> ej khch heshð`rih hi `rth kh i` bfrg`, ejkho`rih tr`cò`r i` pjhkr`, ej utjijz`r i` hsdu`kr`, ejjekjd`rih su usf.

"Hst`s sfe i`s fcijm`djfehs quh hs cuhef yÿtji fcshrv`r. If quh he if sudhsjvf sh dfesjkhrht`gcjêe ÿtji y cuhef, khchrà shr rhmjstr`kf pfr ifssuphrjfrhs, kèkf dfefdjgjhetf kh hiif, he i`s

prhsdrjpdjfehs euhv`s quh sh `kfpthe".



1

Hst`tutfs kh ifs Dèthrfs kh Cfifej`

@ðf 03;1 h.½. v.½.

Ifs Hst`tutfs kh ifs dèthrfs kh Cfifej` kh03;1 sfe uef kh ifs kfdughetfs g`sôejdfs gàs

ètjmufs quh sh dfefdhe, kh àç quh rhvjstè uehsphdjì jethrês, puhs dfestjtuyhe ue thstjgfejfajstôrjdf y efrg`tjvf ` i` vhz quh ue` heshðèz`rhbhrjk` ì `rth y fbjdjf kh i` dfestruddjôe, hi duì,ì shr vjvjbjd`kf pfr hi rjtf, hst`cihdh ue frkhe y`rgfeç`, quh p`rtjhekf kh ifs \rjedjpjfs Xejvhr-sìhs, frmèjz` tfkfs ifs ejvhihs ohràrqujd`ghethjebhrjfrhs, hs khdjr, ifs phrthehdjheths ì àgcjtf khif gèjbhst`kf, jediusjvh hi khi pièf gàs g`th-rjì y dfedrhtf.

Xe` duhstjôe ` thehr he duhet` hs i` êpfd` hequh hstfs Hst`tutfs buhrfe rhk`dt`kfs? i` drjstjè-k`k ghkjhvì, dfe i`s dfesjmujheths efrg`s rhij-mjfs`s jgphrèths he hsh gfghetf, rhdfrkèkfquh i` G`sfehrç` -quh ef hs rhijmjfs` sjef ue`frmèjz`djôe jejdjàtjd` kh fbjdjf kh ìdèdh uej-vhrsì-, a` thejkf sjhgprh i` b`duit`k kh `k`pt`r suvjsjôe sjgcôijd` khi guekf ` tfkf tjhgpf y ium`r,suphrèkf duìqujhr rjmjkhz f kjbjduit`k rhijmjfs`,

pfiçtjd` f sfdjì, gftjvf pfr hi duì sjmuh vjv` afyhe kç`. Tus frçmhehs gçtjdfs i` hetrfedè dfe i`

dfsgfvjsjôe kh ètjmu`s tr`kjdjfehs, tì y dfgfrhbihoè ftrfs kfdughetfs kh i` Frkhe, dfgf hs hid`sf khi gèusdrjtf Dffnh kh 0;0<, kfekh sh kjdhquh "[fk` i` s`cjkurç` èthkjiuvjè` buh hsdrjt` hei`s kfs dfiuge`s", i`s gjsg`s quh kè `ddhsf ysfstjhehe hi [hgpif G`sôejdf. [fkf hstf a`dh khi` G`sfehrç` ue "`rd`" he i` quh sh heduhetrèkhpfsjt`kfs ifs dfefdjgjhetfs rhvhi`kfs pfr ifskjfshs ` ifs afgcrhs y quh khskh i` gàs rhgft`ètjmùhk`k sh aè trèsgjtjkf jejethrrugpjk`ghe-th a`st` i` `dtuìjk`k, duì thsfrf ` rhkhsducrjr fkhsdjbr`r pfr d`k` g`sôe hetrhm`kf ` i` i`cfr khdfefdhrsh ` sç gjsgf.

\fr tètf, hsth kfdughetf dfestjtuyh uef khifs ihm`kfs kh kjda` frmèjz`djôe jejdjàtjd` y fph-r`tjv`, i` duì, rhsphtèkf i`s bfrg`s y usfs khiium`r he hi quh khs`rrfii` su tr`còf, iihm` ` bfr-gui`r a`st` hi ÿitjgf kh ifs khtìihs quh rjmhe sujestjtudjôe, ùe if gàs hxthref f hxftêrjdf, puhsy` sh s`ch quh hi puetf kh vjst` hsftêrjdf -k`kf su

d`ràdthr jethrjfr, eudih`r f prjedjpì-, hs hi frjmhekh tfkf if gèjbhst`kf y pfr tètf kh tfkf if phr-thehdjheth ì àgcjtf hxftêrjdf. Hs gàs, he i` êpf-d` kh i` rhk`ddjôe kh ifs Hst`tutfs, if hsftêrjdf y

if hxftêrjdf dfevjvçè sje dfebijdtf, puhs sh rhdf-efdç` i` suphrjfrjk`k khi prjghrf rhsphdtf khi

shmuekf, y su dfesjmujheth dfgpihghet`rjhk`k.Hstf hs if quh t`gcjêe a`dh kh hsth kfdughetf`kgjejstr`tjvf ue thstjgfejf khi frjmhe khi prfpjfrjtuì g`sôejdf, puhstf quh "i`s dfrpfr`djfehs khdfestrudtfrhs ghkjfhvìhs ih aè k`kf su hstrud-tur` ` i` G`sfehrç`, jediusf ifs trhs mr`kfs jejdjà-tjdfs y su sjgcôijd` buek`ghetì vjedui`k` dfe hi`rth kh dfestrujr":.

Ifs Hst`tutfs kh Cfifej` kh 03;1 pfehe hi`dhetf he prhsdrjpdjfehs y efrg`s kh frkhe hx-

thref, y ef rhvhiè hxpiçdjt`gheth ifs sçgcfifs yshdrhtfs prfpjfs kh i` Jejdj`djôe, sj cjhe hs jeku-k`cih quh su rhk`ddjôe hstà jespjr`k` pfr hs`sjkh`s gàs jethrjfrhs.

Hsfs shdrhtfs sh pi`sg`rfe y phrphtu`rfe hei`s prfpj`s dfestruddjfehs `rqujthdtôejd`s iihv`-k`s ` d`cf pfr ifs g`sfehs, he i`s g`rd`s kh dè-thrç`, he i`s hsduitur`s, he ifs mr`c`kfs y rhijhvhskh i`s d`thkrìhs, `sç dfgf he ifs vjtrìhs, i`s ah-rr`gjhet`s, htd, hs khdjr, he tfkf if quh dfestjtuyh

i` sjgcôijd` khi fbjdjf, kfekh sh aìi` dfethejk` i`sçethsjs kh ifs dfefdjgjhetfs tr`kjdjfeìhs quh i`G`sfehrç` vhajdui`, y duyfs frçmhehs, vhrk`khr`-gheth, y dfgf tèt`s vhdhs sh a` kjdaf, "sh pjhr-khe he i` efdah kh ifs tjhgpfs". [fk` hst` rjquhz`hstà ` i` vjst` kh duìqujhr` quh khshh dfethgpi`r-i`> phrf i`s di`vhs p`r` su jethrprht`djôe y sfcrhtfkf p`r` su `prhahesjôe, rhqujhrhe kh ue` hesh-ðèz` y ue `prhekjzòh quh sôif puhkh shr très-gjtjkf y vjvhedj`kf ` tr`vês kh i` jejdj`djôe.

: \`r` i` tr`kuddjôe sh a` utjijz`kf i` vhrsjôe brèdhs`kh O. B. R`r, pucijd`k` he i` rhvjst` "[r`vùx kh i` Ifmh

E`tjfeìh kh Shdahrdahs Rjii`rk kh Afeehdfurt", E¿ 00, pp.32-83. @sjgjsgf sh a` shmujkf kh dhrd` hi thxtf he i`tçe

pucijd`kf he hi "Ijcrf kh [r`còfs kh i` Ifmj` kh Hstukjfs hJevhstjm`djfehs Kuquh kh ]a`rtfe", 0::1-0:::, pp. 24-13.@rfi` Hkjtfrs, [`rr`mfe`, 0:::, dfe jetrfkuddjôe kh O. @.Bhrrhr Chejghij. 0 B.Mfezàihz, "[r`kjdjôe Ahrgêtjd` yG`sfehrç`", he TZGCFIFT, E¿ 04-0;,pp. 04-23.



:

Hst`tutfs kh ifs dèthrfs kh Cfifej` kh 03;1

He hi efgcrh khi \`krh y khi Ajof y khi Hspç-rjtu Tètf. @gêe.

Hi `ðf khi Thðfr kh 03;1, jekjddjôe shxt`.

Hst`tutfs y rhmi`ghetfs kh ifs g`hstrfs khigurf y kh i` g`khr`0<.

Ah `quç ifs hst`tutfs y rhmi`ghetfs kh i` sf-djhk`k kh ifs g`hstrfs khi gurf y kh i` g`khr`,ahdafs he afefr kh Kjfs, kh Euhstrf Thðfr Ohsu-drjstf, kh i` Cjhe`vhetur`k` Rjrmhe G`rç` y khtfkfs ifs sètfs, y p`r` hi afefr y hi cuhe hst`kfkh i` djuk`k kh Cfifej` y kh i` sfdjhk`k kh kjdafsg`hstrfs, rhsphtèkf hi afefr khi pfkhstà y d`pj-tàe kh Cfifej` quh i` mfcjhre` f mfcjhreè f mf-

chre`ràe he hi buturf, y rhsphtèkf ifs hst`tutfs yrhmi`ghetfs kh i` dfgue` kh Cfifej` ahdafs y pfr a`dhr. Z quh tfkfs ifs hst`tutfs quh sjmuhe sh`pijquhe he `khièth ` p`rtjr khi kç` kh afy, hi `ðf03;1, jekjddjôe shxt`, hi fdt`vf kç` kh `mfstf.

J - Our`ghetf kh ifs susfkjdafs g`hstrfs.Zf, g`hstrf kh i` g`khr` y khi gurf, quh sfy,

f shrê, kh i` sfdjhk`k kh kjdafs g`hstrfs, ourf, heafefr kh euhstrf Thðfr Ohsudrjstf, kh i` Cjhe`vhe-

tur`k` Rjrmhe G`rç` y kh tfkfs ifs sètfs, y heafefr khi pfkhstà y d`pjtàe quh hs àfr` f shràehe hi buturf, y p`r` hi afefr y cuhe hst`kf kh i`djuk`k kh Cfifej`, `dhpt`r y fchkhdhr i`s frkhehskhi pfkhstà y d`pjtàe kh Cfifej` y kh tfkfs ifsquh shè mfchreèths kh i` djuk`k kh Cfifej`,`dhpt`r y fchkhdhr tfk`s y d`k` ue` kh i`s ôrkhehs

0< I`s ìusjfehs ` ifs g`hstrfs kh i` g`khr` sh rhbjhrhe

` ifs g`hstrfs kh `rg`zôe, hs khdjr, ` ifs d`rpjethrfs quha`dçè i` hstrudtur` kh ifs hkjbjdjfs. He hsh gfghetf `gc`sdfrpfr`djfehs hst`cè uejbjd`k`s y `d`t`cè ifs gjsgfsrhmi`ghetfs, tì dfgf sh fcshrv` he i` rhk`ddjôe kh tfkfsifs `rtçduifs a`st` hi QQQRJJ. Hstf hs `sç y` quh dfgf cjherhduhrk` Sheê Muêefe? "Th puhkh khdjr puhs quh hi fbjdjfkh d`rpjethrf y hi kh g`sôe, puhstf quh prfdhkhe he khbjej-tjv` kh ue gjsgf prjedjpjf, dfebfrgè kfs ihemuòhs `prf-

pj`kfs p`r` i` hxprhsjôe kh i`s gjsg`s vhrk`khs kh frkhesuphrjfr> i` kjbhrhedj` ef hs gàs quh ue` sjgpih `k`pt`djôeshduek`rj`." ("G`sfehs y d`rpjethrfs", he Htukhs sur i`Brèd-G`ífeehrjh ht ih Dfgp`mefee`mh. [fgh JJ, pp :-04).Khspuês kh uefs `ðfs kh trèsjdjôe, shmÿe ihhgfs he ifs

`rtçduifs QIJ, QIJJJ y QIRJ, quh fr` sh rhbjhrhe ` ue` dfrpfr`djôe, fr` ` ftr`, he 038= sh kjvjkhe y bfrgè kfs mrh-gjfs jekhphekjheths (vhr `rtçduif IRJJJ kfekh y` sh a`ci`kh i` rhk`ddjôe kh hst`tutfs kjbhrheths p`r` ifs d`rpjethrfs yifs g`hstrfs khi gurf).

quh gh khe hi g`dhrf00 y ifs fbjdjìhs kh i` sfdjh-k`k kh ifs g`hstrfs kh i` g`khr` y khi gurf, fuef kh hiifs, pfr hi afefr y hi cuhe efgcrh kh i`sfdjhk`k, y dfeshrv`r y gèthehr i` sfdjhk`k y ifsgjhgcrfs kh i` sfdjhk`k he cuhe ium`r, y khmu`rk`r y gèthehr ifs hst`tutfs y rhmi`ghetfs khi` sfdjhk`k tì y dfgf hstàe rhmui`kfs àfr` f ifshràe he hi buturf, dfe rhsphtf he tfkf ` ifs hst`tu-tfs y rhmi`ghetfs kh i` dfgue` kh Cfifej`, hstè-kf prhdjs`kf quh hst`rê fcijm`kf ^` hiifW ` p`rtjrkh ^gjW hetr`k`, y quh shrê ijcrh tr`s ^gjW sìjk`03.

Z sj sfy ii`g`kf ` kjrjmjr i` sfdjhk`k, efrhaus`rê, sjef quh `dhpt`rê i` kjrhddjôe y he dfe-djhedj` kjrjmjrê, dfekudjrê y prhshrv`rê i` sfdjh-k`k y ` ifs gjhgcrfs kh i` sfdjhk`k. Z rhp`rtjrêhqujt`tjv`gheth i`s t`rh`s hetrh ifs gjhgcrfs khi` sfdjhk`k shmÿe if quh yf y hi dfeshof kh g`hs-

trfs ouzmuhgfs dfevhejheth. Z k`rê y a`rê k`r i`ssèdjfehs quh dfgpfrtè ifs hst`tutfs kh i` sfdjh-k`k y, he ùshedj` kh rhmi`s hst`tut`rj`s, jgpfekrêi`s sèdjfehs shmÿe i` vfiuet`k khi dfeshof. Ztfk`s i`s sèdjfehs quh jebijo` pfr duìqujhr ahdafquh sh`, i`s a`rê hsdrjcjr he ue du`khref y i`str`sgjtjrê y k`rê ì g`dhrf kh i` sfdjhk`k. Z i`s

00 He ìmuefs mr`c`kfs y rhijhvhs, dfgf hi khi ìt`rg`yfr kh i` d`pjii` rhì kh i` d`thkrì kh Mrè`k`, sh puhkhvhr ` ue g`dhrf pfrtèkf ue càduif (sçgcfif khi hoh), pfr if

quh t`gcjêe pfkhgfs khkudjr kh hstfs rhmi`ghetfs khcç`tr`t`rsh khi hed`rm`kf kh kjrjmjr ifs tr`còfs he mhehrì, hskhdjr, khi "g`hstrf kh fcr`s". Afy hst` bjmur` pfkrç` hst`rrhprhshet`k` he i` Ifmj` pfr hi G`hstrf kh Dhrhgfej`s quht`gcjêe pfrt` hi càduif y quh frkhe` i` hetr`k` y i` sìjk``sç dfgf tfkfs ifs gfvjgjhetfs kh ifs `sjstheths ` ue` thej-k`, sjmujhekf i`s ôrkhehs rhdjcjk`s kjrhdt`gheth khi Rheh-r`cih G`hstrf, pfr if quh `dtuìgheth i` buedjôe khi g`dhrfsh puhkh `sfdj`r jmuìgheth ` i` khi Rhehr`cih G`hstrf heIfmj`

03 @eth tfkf khchgfs rhdfrk`r quh i` G`sfehrç` hsue` frmèjz`djôe jejdjàtjd`, hstf hs, hsftêrjd`, if duì efhetr` he dfetr`kjddjôe dfe quh gudafs kh sus `khptfs a`yè

p`rtjdjp`kf khi hxfthrjsgf kh i`s sfdjhk`khs kfekh khshg- phð`cè su i`cfr. Ifs g`sfehs fphr`tjvfs `d`t`cè i`s ihyhsdjvjihs, dfstugcrhs y rjtfs rhijmjfsfs kh i` djuk`k f thrrjtfrjfkfekh hstuvjhshe tr`còèkf, quhkèkf ijchr`kfs kh kjdafsdfgprfgjsfs ue` vhz bjeìjz`k` su i`cfr. He if rhbhrheth ì`sphdtf rhijmjfsf, rhdfrk`rhgfs i`s pì`cr`s quh hsdrjcç`Sheê Muêefe he Hi hsfthrjsgf kh Kèth? "...hi vhrk`khrfhsfthrjsgf hs ìmf guy kjbhrheth ` duìqujhr d`r`dthrçstjd`kh ue` rhijmjôe hxthre` y, sj sh prhshet` ìmÿe tjpf kh rhi`-djôe dfe êst`, ef puhkh shr sjef ghkjèth ue` dfesjkhr`djôequh supfeh ` i`s bfrg`s rhijmjfs`s dfgf ue gfkf kh hxprh-sjôe sjgcôijdf. \fdf jgpfrt`, pfr if khgàs, quh hs`s bfrg`sdfrrhspfekè ` tì f duì rhijmjôe, puhstf quh sh tr`t` kh ue`

uejk`k kfdtrjeì hshedjì quh sh fduit` khtràs kh ue` kjvhr-sjk`k `p`rheth. \fr hiif, ifs ètjmufs jejdj`kfs p`rtjdjp`cèkh gfkf jekjstjetf he tfkfs ifs duitfs hxthrjfrhs, `kajrjêe-kfsh `sç ` i`s dfstugcrhs hst`cihdjk`s he ifs p`çshs he kfekhdjrduestèdjìgheth sh hedfetr`cè."



0<

sèdjfehs, ifs bfekfs f suhikfs04 kh i` sfdjhk`k,ifs hst`tutfs, y tfkf if quh kh ifs bfekfs kh i`sfdjhk`k hstê he su pfkhr, y tfkfs ifs hsdrjtfs fhsdrjtur`s rhbhrjk`s ` i` sfdjhk`k, hi g`dhrf hstàfcijm`kf, he hi têrgjef quh hst`cihdhe ifs hst`tu-tfs, ` tr`sgjtjrifs y hetrhm`rifs ì g`dhrf sudhsfrhe i` `s`gcih` kh i` sfdjhk`k, còf phe` kh ue`guit` kh vhjeth suhikfs cfifðhshs. Z ifs jesphdtf-rhs kh duhet`s hstàe fcijm`kfs ` dfetrfi`r hstf y `

prfeuedj`r ue` sèdjôe he i` `s`gcih` kh i` sf-djhk`k ` ghefs quh sh if jgpjk` ue` khdjsjôe khidfeshof kh i` sfdjhk`k ueàejgh f pfr g`yfrç`, f

pfrquh hxjst` ue` cuhe` r`zôe. Z sj, dfgf fbjdjì,qujhrf jgpfehr ue` dfetrjcudjôe p`r` ifs m`stfskh i` sfdjhk`k, hxpfekrê he prjghr ium`r i` r`zôeì dfeshof, y êst` shrà jgpuhst` dfgf khdjkjhrh hidfeshof ueàejghgheth f pfr g`yfrç`.

JJ - Kh i`s pì`cr`s jeourjfs`s dfetr` ifs fbj-

djìhs f hi g`dhrf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ìmuef kh i`

sfdjhk`k kjdh pì`cr`s jeourjfs`s dfetr` ifs fbjdj`-ihs f hi g`dhrf f dfetr` hi eft`rjf, f sj ifs `dus`kh ghetjr, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe hi p`mf kh Qsuhikfs cfifðhshs.

JJJ - Kh i`s sèdjfehs ` ifs quh ef sh prh-

shetè a`cjhekf sjkf dfevfd`kfs he hi ium`r bjo`kf.

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ìmuef hsdfevfd`kf pfr ifs fbjdjìhs, hi g`dhrf f hi euedjf` vhejr ì ium`r kfekh i` sfdjhk`k sh dfemrhm`,hstà fcijm`kf ` vhejr d`k` vhz y tè brhduhethghe-th dfgf sh ih pjk` u frkheh, còf phe` kh ue`guit` kh shjs khe`rjfs0;.

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh d`k` uef hstàfcijm`kf ` vhejr ì ium`r kfekh i` sfdjhk`k sh

dfemrhm` d`k` vhz y tè brhduhethgheth dfgf ihsh` frkhe`kf f phkjkf pfr ifs fbjdjìhs f hi g`dh-rf f hi euedjf, còf phe` kh ue` guit` kh RJ khe`-rjfs cfifðhshs. Z sj ef buhr` rhquhrjkf, quh d`kùef hstê fcijm`kf ` vhejr hi pheÿitjgf kfgjemfkhi ghs, sje dfevfd`tfrj`, kh cuhe` bh, sje hem`ðfej brùkh. Puh ef sfi`gheth hstê fcijm`kf ` hiif

pfr our`ghetf, sjef quh jedurr` he pheìjz`djôejediusf sj ef sh ih a` frkhe`kf vhejr. Z sj a` iih-m`kf ` ue ium`r kfekh i` sfdjhk`k sh rhÿeh y sh v`sje ùtfrjz`djôe khi g`dhrf f kh ifs fbjdjìhs, quh

04 Gfehk` ghkjhvì hqujvìheth ` 03 kje`rhs0; He hi frjmjeì, `quç a`y ue` rhphtjdjôe khi rhk`dtfr

khi gèusdrjtf

p`muh ` tçtuif kh guit` kfdh khe`rjfs cfifðhshs.@ ef shr quh, he `gcfs d`sfs, a`y` thejkf ue jg-

phkjghetf rhì, f ` ghefs quh a`y` hst`kf hebhr-gf f buhr` kh i` djuk`k f ^he shrvjdjfW pfr i` df-gue` kh Cfifej`, he duyfs d`sfs, y he ftrfs d`sfst`gcjêe, puhkh jevfd`r dfgf hxdus` hi our`ghetfkh fcijm`djôe kh shrvjdjf. Z sj êi sh hxdus` hem`-ðfs`gheth, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe QJJ khe`rjfs.

JR - Kh i` hihddjôe kh ifs fbjdjìhs y khi g`-

dhrf y kh i`s rhuejfehs kh i` sfdjhk`k.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh i` sfdjhk`k kh

ifs g`hstrfs kh i` g`khr` y khi gurf hstà fcijm`-k` ` thehr fdaf fbjdjìhs, `sç dfgf kfs g`dhrfs, `s`chr, uef pfr d`k` fbjdjf kh i` sfdjhk`k> y khcheshr rhp`rtjkfs hqujt`tjv`gheth hetrh ifs c`rrjfs, yhihmjkfs pfr ijst`s he i` `s`gcih` kh i` sfdjhk`k

kh gèhr` quh he d`k` c`rrjf kh i` djuk`k a`y`kfs fbjdjìhs, ` s`chr uef pfr d`k` `rth. Z quh ifsfbjdjìhs, dfe hi g`dhrf, phrgèhzdè shjs ghshsy ef gàs08. Z quh hstêe fcijm`kfs ` a`dhr quh i`sfdjhk`k sh rhÿe` y sh dfemrhmuh hi shmuekf kf-gjemf kh ghs còf phe` kh ue` guit` kh trhssuhikfs cfifðhshs d`k` vhz quh if dfetr`vhemè, `ghefs quh ef hstêe jgphkjkfs pfr ue d`sf rhì khbuhrz` g`yfr. @ð`kjgfs quh hi ajof kh ue g`hstrfkh i` sfdjhk`k ef khch ej puhkh shr jesdrjtf he i`sijst`s hihdtfrìhs sj ef tjheh QJR `ðfs pfr if gh-

efs. Z su p`krh ef hstà fcijm`kf ` jetrfkudjrif hei` sfdjhk`k èths kh kjdaf tjhgpf y hi ajof ef khch shr rhdjcjkf he i` sfdjhk`k èths kh kjdaf tjhgpf. Z quh e`kjh tfgh ue `prhekjz quh them` gh-efs kh QJJ `ðfs, còf phe` kh ue` sèdjôe kh QQsuhikfs y quh hi dfetr`tf ahdaf `sç quhkh sje v`-ifr.

08 Ifs d`rmfs kh ifs g`hstrfs y fbjdjìhs, ì jmuì quhsudhkh afy he kç` he i`s ifmj`s g`sôejd`s, theçè ue d`ràdthrrft`tjvf, y ùequh hxjstçè ue`s prhgjs`s p`r` su khshgph-

ðf, sh trèsbhrçè pfr hihddjfehs kh uefs AA.½. ` ftrfs, ifduì phrgjth vhr quh ef a`cç` ue` jestì`djôe bfsjijzèth ejue` phrphtu`djôe he hi khshgphðf kh ue` buedjôe, sjef i`

pfsjcjijk`k kh i` vjvjbjd`djôe kh ue`s i`cfrhs sjgcôijd`skjvhrs`s quh hrè -y sfe- vhrk`khrfs sfpfrths p`r` hi prfpjfdfefdjgjhetf y hi khi dfsgfs (quh y` s`chgfs quh sfeèàifmfs), hvjtèkf `khgàs tfkf phijmrf kh `prfpj`djôe fusurp`djôe kh pfkhr (hdfeôgjdf, psjdfiômjdf, êtjdf-gfrì,htd). Hstf hs if vhrk`khr`gheth dhetrì he i` hihddjôe kh ifsd`rmfs, y gudaf ghefs, hi ahdaf kh quh kjda` hihddjôe sh`"khgfdràtjd`", d`r`dthrçstjd` duyf vìfr hstà djrduesdrjtf ìàgcjtf kh if sfdjì. Hi ihm`kf sjgcôijdf kh ifs d`rmfs ybuedjfehs, tètf he hi `sphdtf jethrjfr kh êstfs dfgf he su

b`dht` gàs hxthrjfr -i` rhbhrjk` ` i`s rhi`djfehs dfe i` sfdjh-k`k f djuk`k kfekh vjvhe ifs g`sfehs-, hs tfk` ue` hesh-ðèz` rhvhi`k` quh sh rhdjch y quh khch shr trèsgjtjk`, tìduì sudhkh dfe tfkfs ifs sçgcfifs kh quh hs khpfsjt`rj` i`G`sfehrç`. (Rhr t`gcjêe `rtçduifs QQQJQ y QIR).



00

R - Puh ef sh puhk` hihmjr ` ìmujhe quh sh`

su ajof f ahrgèf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ef sh puhk` hih-

mjr fbjdjì f g`dhrf ` ìmujhe quh sh` ahrgèf fajof khi vftèth, y quh hi vftf hgjtjkf ` hsth hbhd-tf ef them` vìfr.

RJ - Puh ifs g`hstrfs fchkhzdè ` ifs fbj-

djìhs y ì g`dhrf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ìmuef kh i`

sfdjhk`k khch ` ftrf g`hstrf ue` djhrt` sug` khkjehrf ` dùs` khi fbjdjf, f sj ue g`hstrf tjheh ue`kjsdusjôe dfe ftrf ` dùs` khi f kh ifs fbjdjfs su-sfkjdafs, quh ifs g`hstrfs quh themè hsth kjbh-rhekf hetrh hiifs hstêe fcijm`kfs ` fchkhdhr ifs

prhdhptfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs kh ifs g`hstrfs khi

gurf y kh i` g`khr` hst`cihzdè hetrh `gcfs, còf phe` kh ue` guit` kh kjhz suhikfs cfifðhshs.

RJJ - Dôgf y kh quê gèhr` ifs g`hstrfs

hetrè he i` sfdjhk`k y duàetf khche p`m`r pfr

su hetr`k`.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh tfkfs ifs g`hs-

trfs quh qujhrè hetr`r he i` sfdjhk`k kh ifs g`hs-trfs khi gurf y kh i` g`khr` p`muhe ` kjda` sf-djhk`k kjhz suhikfs cfifðhshs sj hstfs sfe kh i`

djuk`k f khi dfek`kf kh Cfifej`> sj ef sfe kh i`djuk`k ej khi dfek`kf kh Cfifej`, quh p`muhe ` i`sfdjhk`k vhjeth suhikfs cfifðhshs. Z quh ifs fbj-djìhs tr`còhe ` dfedjhedj` ` bje kh quh tfkfs ifsg`hstrfs quh ef sfe kh i` sfdjhk`k khcè hetr`rhe hii`. Z quh hst` prhsdrjpdjôe sh` jrrhvfd`cih,quh ê`kjhW puhk` hst`r hxhetf kh ejemÿe gfkf ejgèhr` sìvf quh if khdjk` ì ghefs ue` kêdjg`

p`rth kh i` sfdjhk`k, f sìvf quh sh` hi ajof kh ueg`hstrf, hi duì puhkh hetr`r he i` èthkjda` sf-djhk`k sje ejemÿe p`mf. Z sj hi g`dhrf f ue fbj-

djì `pfy` he hi dfeshof f he i` `s`gcih` kh i`sfdjhk`k ^...W ` ìmujhe quh qujsjhr` quh sh ih hxj-gjhr` kh ifs kjhz f vhjeth suhikfs cfifðhshs p`r`k`ri`s ` i` sfdjhk`k, quh êi sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe khkjhz suhikfs cfifðhshs. Z sj ìmuef kh i` sfdjh-k`k, hstèkf shet`kf he i` sfdjhk`k f he hi dfesh-

of, sh ihvèt`sh p`r` khdjr kh ìmujhe quh sh ihkhchrç` hxjgjr kh ifs kjhz f vhjeth suhikfs cfif-ðhshs, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe djedf suhikfs cfif-ðhshs. Z sj ue g`hstrf tjheh ue ajof f gàs kh uefquh dfefdhe i`s `rths kh ifs g`hstrfs susfkjdafs,

f quh a` phrgèhdjkf kurèth kfs `ðfs `prhe-kjhekf dfe su p`krh ue` kh kjda`s `rths, hetfedhssu p`krh khch a`dhrih hetr`r he i` sfdjhk`k sje

ejemue` rhdhpdjôe, p`mèkf ` i` sfdjhk`k dfgf sha` kjdaf gàs `rrjc`, còf phe` kh ue` guit` khQQ suhikfs. Z ue` vhz p`m`k` hstà fcijm`kf à`dhrih hetr`r he i` sfdjhk`k. Z quh ifs fbjdjìhs yhi g`dhrf hstêe fcijm`kfs ` rhdùk`r tfk`s i`ssug`s khcjk`s pfr `quhiifs quh aè hetr`kf he i`sfdjhk`k, y ifs du`trf khe`rjfs p`r` i`s gjs`s, yi`s sèdjfehs jgpuhst`s kurèth su tjhgpf ^khbuedjfehsW. Z quh hiifs ihs a`mè prhst`r our`ghe-tf he i` sfdjhk`k. Z quh hi g`dhrf hstê fcijm`kf `rhdjcjr khi g`hstrf quh hetrh he i` sfdjhk`k ue`

cuhe` m`rètç` kh quh he ue pi`zf kh ghefs kh ueghs tr`s su hetr`k` he i` sfdjhk`k, p`m`rà kjhzsuhikfs sj hs kh i` djuk`k f khi dfek`kf kh Cfif-ej`, dfgf hstà kjdaf gàs `rrjc`. Z sj hs kh ftrfkjstrjtf, vhjeth suhikfs cfifðhshs. Z sj hi g`dhrf yifs fbjdjìhs ef rhdùkè hst`s sug`s, quh hstêefcijm`kfs ` p`m`r ` i` sfdjhk`k kh if suyf y ` k`r-

ih ue` dfgphes`djôe subjdjheth he kjehrf f he prhek`s, p`r` quh i` sfdjhk`k hstê cjhe m`rètjz`-k`, èths kh fdaf kç`s khspuês kh bje kh ghs. Zquh ifs jequjsjkfrhs kh i`s duhet`s shè hed`rm`-kfs kh dfetrfi`r tfkf tì dfgf hstà kjdaf gàs`rrjc` y, sj hstf ef hs fcshrv`kf, ` dfekhe`r shmÿeif quh hst` dfethejkf he ifs hst`tutfs kh i` sfdjh-k`k. @ð`kjgfs quh duìqujhr` quh hetrh he i` sf-djhk`k, quh p`muh pfr su hetr`k` QQ suhikfs cf-ifðhshs ` i` sfdjhk`k. If frkhe`gfs p`r` `quhiifsquh he if sudhsjvf sh hgpihhe he `prhekhr hi `rth,

y quh hstf vìm` ` p`rtjr kh afy, 038;, jekjddjôekufkêdjg`, fdt`vf kç` kh g`rzf. \fr ftr` p`rth,frkhe`gfs quh ifs quh ef tuvjhrè g`hstrf p`r``prhekhr hi `rth, p`muhe pfr su hetr`k` he i` sf-djhk`k trhs ijcr`s cfifðhs`s.

RJJJ - Puh ejemÿe g`hstrf khch phroukjd`r `

ftrf g`hstrf he su tr`còf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ejemÿe g`hstrf

khi gurf y kh i` g`khr` khch phroukjd`r ` ftrf

g`hstrf kh i` sfdjhk`k kh g`hstrfs `dhptèkf ue`fcr` ` khstòf khspuês quh ih a`y` sjkf `shmur`k`y bfrgìgheth prfghtjk` f quh a`y` fcthejkf hst`fcr` kh ìmÿe ftrf gfkf f gèhr`02. Tìvf quh, sj

02 Hst` efrg`, ouetf dfe ftr`s khi prhsheth kfdughetfdfgf pfr hohgpif i` QJR, QQ, QQJR y i` QQQJR, hvjkhe-djè quh if quh k`c` vhrk`khrf shetjkf ì tr`còf kh ifsg`sfehs hr` su d`ràdthr sjgcôijdf, hstf hs, hi ahdaf kh shrdfi`cfr`kfrhs dfesdjheths dfe i` i`cfr dfestrudtfr` khiM.½.@.½.K.½.X.½., y quh pfr tètf `sphdtfs dfgf i` dfgphthe-

dj`, hi iudrf f herjquhdjgjhetf jekjvjkuì, i` hxpift`djôe, i`hst`b`, htd -p`ràghtrfs tè hxthekjkfs he euhstr` sfdjhk`kkhs`drìjz`k` y g`thrjìjz`k`-, ef theçè r`zôe kh shr, yhst`cè ihofs kh i`s rhi`djfehs quh khcçè hst`cihdhrsh hetrhifs AA.½., sj cjhe hs djhrtf quh y` he hsh gfghetf ajstôrjdf,



03

ìmÿe g`hstrf sfcrhvjheh èths kh quh î` fcr`W iha`y` sjkf bfrgìgheth prfghtjk` y `shmur`k` y`quêi ih pjkh ue` p`rth, êsth hstà fcijm`kf ` k`rihue` p`rth sj ^hi ftrfW i` qujhrh. \hrf sj y` sh aàhdaf ue p`dtf p`r` kjda` fcr`, ef hstà fcijm`kf `k`rih ue` p`rth sj ef qujhrh. Z qujhe if dfetr`vj-ejhrh, quh p`muh ` gfkf kh guit` trhs ijcr`s cfif-ðhs`s d`k` vhz quh if dfetr`vhem`. Z ifs fbjdjìhskhche hetrhm`r i`s guit`s quh sh dfetjhehe he ifshst`tutfs he hi pi`zf kh ue ghs khspuês kh quh i`^jebr`ddjôeW sh` di`r` y gèjbjhst` p`r` hiifs, rhs-

phtèkf ifs hst`tutfs y frkhe`gjhetfs kh i` df-gue` kh Cfifej`. Z quh i`s guit`s y pheìjz`djf-ehs jemrhshe he i` ouet` kh i` sfdjhk`k y phrg`-ehzdè he hii`.

JQ - Kh i`s duhet`s quh hi g`dhrf rjekh y

khi khshgphðf kh su fbjdjf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh hi g`dhrf kh i`sfdjhk`k kh ifs g`hstrfs hstê fcijm`kf ` rhekjrduhet`s ` ifs jequjsjkfrhs kh i`s duhet`s he hi pi`-zf kh ue ghs tr`s khpfehr su d`rmf, ` ef shr quhthem` ijdhedj` kh ifs euhvfs fbjdjìhs y khi dfesh-

of kh i` sfdjhk`k f hstê jgphkjkf pfr ue d`sf rhìkh buhrz` g`yfr. Z quh kjdaf g`dhrf hstê fcijm`-kf ` rhekjr duhet` kh tfkfs sus jemrhsfs y m`stfsa`cjkfs y ahdafs kurèth su tjhgpf ^kh buedjf-ehsW. Z quh tfkfs ifs g`hstrfs quh a`yè hetr`kf

he i` sfdjhk`k kurèth su tjhgpf shè èft`kfs heue du`khref hsphdjì ` bje kh quh sh shp` sj aè p`m`kf f ef. Z frkhe`gfs quh tfk`s i`s hsdrjtur`skhche quhk`r he pfkhr khi g`dhrf. Z quh tfk`si`s hsdrjtur`s rhbhrjk`s ` i` sfdjhk`k y tfkf if quhthem` rhi`djôe dfe ifs cjhehs kh i` sfdjhk`k, quhhi g`dhrf hstê fcijm`kf ` hetrhm`ri`s y trèsgjtjr-i`s pfr hsdrjtf he i` `s`gcih` kh i` sfdjhk`k ìg`dhrf sjmujheth, kh gèhr` quh ifs bfekfs kh i`sfdjhk`k ef puhkè kh ejemue` gèhr` shr fcohtfkh ue brùkh. Z sj hi g`dhrf fgjth brùkuihet`-

gheth if èthkjdaf y ef fcshrv` if èthrjfr, quhsh` sèdjfe`kf dfe 3< suhikfs cfifðhshs. Z sj a`rhthejkf he su pfkhr brùkuihet`gheth bfekfs khi` sfdjhk`k, quh rhstjtuy` hi kfcih ` i` sfdjhk`k.@sç gjsgf, quh hi ètjmuf g`dhrf, khspuês kh susìjk` khi d`rmf, hstê fcijm`kf ` k`r y rhgjtjr ìeuhvf g`dhrf tfkfs ifs bfekfs kh i` sfdjhk`k,tètf i`s hsdrjtur`s rhbhrjk`s ` i` sfdjhk`k dfgf hithsfrf kh hst` gjsg` sfdjhk`k hi prjghr f shmue-kf kfgjemf khi ghs. Z hi euhvf g`dhrf ef khch

prfifem`r hi pi`zf p`r` hi ètjmuf g`dhrf gàs kh

he r`zôe kh ue fsdurhdjgjhetf d`k` vhz g`yfr khi hspçrjtuquh khcç` ìjghet`r hsfs tr`còfs, buhr` ehdhs`rjf rhmui`r y

pheìjz`r i`s pfsjcihs khsvj`djfehs

QR kç`s. Z quh hst` prhsdrjpdjôe sh` jrrhvfd`cih.Z sj buhr` dfetr`vhejkf pfr ìmuef kh ifs g`dh-rfs, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe 3< suhikfs cfifðhshs

p`m`kfs ` i` sfdjhk`k.

Q - Kh i` hihddjôe kh ifs jequjsjkfrhs kh

duhet`s.

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs jequjsjkfrhskh i`s duhet`s shè hihmjkfs ì gjsgf tjhgpf quhifs fbjdjìhs, y quh shè kfs, ` s`chr, uef p`r`d`k` ^fbjdjfW. Puh hstfs jequjsjkfrhs hstêe fcijm`-kfs ` hx`gje`r dfe kjijmhedj` ì g`dhrf y ` ifsfbjdjìhs quh hst`ràe ^he buedjôeW ì gjsgf tjhgpfquh hi g`dhrf. Z sj khsducrhe quh hi g`dhrf y ifsfbjdjìhs aè khijequjkf su d`rmf y quh aè dfgh-tjkf brùkh f kfif, quh ifs dfekhehe ` i` rhstjtu-djôe khi kfcih kh ifs bfekfs khsducjhrtfs he su

pfkhr y `khgàs quh ifs dfekhehe ` rhstjtujr hihqujvìheth kh i` rhtrjcudjôe quh aè rhdjcjkf. Zquh hstêe fcijm`kfs ` `dtu`r `sç y ` hx`gje`r ydfekhe`r f `csfivhr he hi pi`zf kh ue ghs khs-

puês khi dhsh kh i` buedjôe khi g`dhrf y kh ifsfbjdjìhs. Z y` sh` quh dfekhehe f `csuhivè, quhhstêe fcijm`kfs ` a`dhrif pfr hsdrjtf he i` `s`g-

cih` kh i` sfdjhk`k. Z sj ifs jequjsjkfrhs if dfe-tr`vjejhshe y ef fcshrv`she hst`s ^prhsdrjpdjfehsW,quh d`k` uef kh hiifs sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe kjhzsuhikfs y quh shè hxpuis`kfs kh su d`rmf, ` ef

shr pfr ue vhrk`khrf d`sf kh buhrz` g`yfr f sjtuvjhrè i` ijdhedj` kh ifs fbjdjìhs y khi dfeshofkh i` sfdjhk`k.

QJ - Kh i` trèsdrjpdjôe kh i`s rhbfrg`s khi

dfeshof.@ bje kh quh ejemue` kjsdfrkj` sh khs`rrfiih

o`gàs hetrh ifs sfdjfs0=, frkhe`gfs quh tfk`s i`s

0= Hs prhdjsf sucr`y`r quh hstfs rhmi`ghetfs sfe i` d`-

r` hxthrjfr kh i` dfrpfr`djôe kh ifs g`hstrfs khi gurf y khi` g`khr`, hs khdjr, kh ue` frmèjz`djôe jejdjàtjd` tftìghe-th fphr`tjv` he pihe` Hk`k Ghkj`, duyfs àgcjtfs -khskh higàs jethrjfr, shdrhtf y hsftêrjdf, ì quh sôif sh `ddhkh tr`sue rjtf jejdjàtjdf y khi quh ef sh rhvhiè sus shdrhtfs hehstfs hst`tutfs, a`st` su gèjbhst`djôe hxthrjfr y su pi`sg`-djôe he ue`s dffrkhe`k`s hsp`djf-thgpfrìhs, quh hs if quhhe rhìjk`k rhprhshetè hstfs rhmi`ghetfs- quhkè frkhe`-kfs he ue` kjrhddjôe quh sjhgprh v` kh `khetrf a`dj` buhr`,f sj sh prhbjhrh, kh `rrjc` ` `còf, f kh ifs \rjedjpjfs ` i`gèjbhst`djôe. @sç, hi quh ifs g`sfehs shè ii`g`kfs ` i`dfedfrkj` (uejôe pfr hi dfr`zôe), khch shr dfgprhekjkf

prjghrf khskh if gàs jethrjfr y ìtf, f sh`, dfgf ue` jkhetj-

bjd`djôe dfe ifs prjedjpjfs uejvhrsìhs y `rquhtçpjdfs duy`hgè`djôe sh tr`kudjrà he ue`s rhi`djfehs kh vhrk`khr`br`threjk`k ` duìqujhr ejvhi y àgcjtf quh sh`. \fr hst` r`-zôe, ùe `dtuìgheth he ìmue`s ifmj`s, he hi gfghetf kh i``phrtur` y diùsur` kh ifs tr`còfs rjtuìhs, sh rhdjt` ue`



04

rhbfrg`s kh i` sfdjhk`k kh ifs g`hstrfs khi gurfy kh i` g`khr` f khi dfeshof kh kjda` sfdjhk`khstêe trèsdrjt`s he ue du`khref hsphdjì, y quh hig`dhrf y ifs fbjdjìhs hstêe fcijm`kfs ` a`dhri`sdugpijr còf phe` kh ue` guit` kh djedf suhikfs

cfifðhshs.

QJJ - Puh hi g`dhrf y ifs fbjdjìhs hstêe

fcijm`kfs ` rhekjr duhet`s kh su d`rmf ue` sfi`

vhz y gàs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh hi g`dhrf y ifs

fbjdjìhs kh i` sfdjhk`k hstêe fcijm`kfs ` rhekjrduhet`s ue` sfi` vhz kh tfkfs ifs jemrhsfs y m`s-tfs. Z khspuês quh a`yè sjkf hx`gje`kfs ue`vhz `dhrd` kh i`s duhet`s ` rhekjr, quh ef hstêefcijm`kfs ` gàs rhekjdjfehs kh duhet`s, ` ghefsquh buhrè kheuedj`kfs f `dus`kfs kh a`chr df-

ghtjkf kfif f brùkh f kh a`chrsh `pfkhr`kf jeoust`gheth khi thsfrf kh i` dfgue` y kh i` sfdjh-k`k, he duyf d`sf quh sh` hsduda`kf duìqujhr`quh khsh` hsduda`rifs. Z `quhiifs quh a`yè sjkfhx`gje`kfs ue` vhz ef khche shr hx`gje`kfseuhv`gheth. Z quh hst` prhsdrjpdjôe sh `pijquhtètf p`r` hi p`s`kf dfgf p`r` hi buturf.

QJJJ - Frkhehs ` k`r pfr ifs fbjdjìhs y hi

g`dhrf.

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh tfkfs ifs prhdhp-tfs quh shè hst`cihdjkfs pfr ifs fbjdjìhs y hig`dhrf f uef kh hiifs `dhrd` khi thsfrf f kh ftr`sdfs`s rhi`tjv`s ì `rth quh ue g`hstrf khch k`r fa`dhr ` ftrf g`hstrf, quh hst`s frkhehs shè k`k`sy frkhe`k`s he 0< kç`s. Z sj hi g`hstrf ` qujhe sha` k`kf ue` frkhe ef dugpih he kjhz kç`s, quh ifsfbjdjìhs y hi g`dhrf hstêe hetfedhs fcijm`kfs heifs djedf kç`s khspuês kh hstfs kjhz kç`s ` k`r ì`drhhkfr ue` ajpfthd` sfcrh ifs cjhehs kh su khu-kfr, ` bje kh quh sh` p`m`kf dfgpiht`gheth if quh

dfrrhspfekh y sus m`stfs. Z quh `khgàs sh` sè-djfe`kf dfe djedf suhikfs cfifðhshs, sj ifs fbjdj`-ihs if ouzmè fpfrtuef. Z quh hstf sh` jrrhvfd`cih.Z hi quh khc` kjehrf ` ftrf g`hstrf u ftr` phrsfe`sj a` hst`kf dfevfd`kf f djt`kf pfr ifs fbjdjìhs f

pfr hi euedjf kh i` sfdjhk`k y ef a` dfgp`rhdjkfèth ifs fbjdjìhs f hi g`dhrf, quh sh` sèdjfe`kfd`k` vhz dfe kfdh suhikfs cfifðhshs sj sh if he-

fr`djôe he i` quh sh kjdh? "\hrgjth quh ifs sucijghs \rjedjpjfs kh i` Brèd-G`sfehrç` puhkè sucyum`r duìqujhr kjs-dfrkèth p`sjôe quh a`y` he efsftrfs...". I` dfgprhesjôe khif èthrjfr hs i` quh a`rà pfsjcih quh i` rhi`djfehs kh ifsg`sfehs dfe tfkf shr augèf shè kh vhrk`khr` dfedfrkj`.

duhetr` y, sj ef hs aìi`kf ì shr djt`kf ue` shmue-k` vhz, quh sh sèdjfeh dfe i` gjsg` sug`.

QJR - Tj ue g`hstrf tfg` ` ftrf p`r` tr`c`-

o`r.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh, sj ue g`hstrf

tjheh ue` fcr` ` khstòf f ` ofreì f kh duìqujhrftrf gfkf f gèhr` y qujhrh thehr dfe êi ftrfg`hstrf p`r` a`dhr hst` fcr` y tr`cò`r dfe êi, hig`hstrf quh a` dfetr`t`kf ì ftrf hstà fcijm`kf `s`tjsb`dhr su prhdjf, ` ghefs quh sh` ue fbjdjì fhi g`dhrf kh i` sfdjhk`k qujhe pfem` hsth g`hstrfì tr`còf p`r` i` dfgue` kh Cfifej`. Z qujhe ifdfetr`vhem , quh sh` sèdjfe`kf ` vfiuet`k kh ifsfbjdjìhs.

QR - Duàetf khche thehr p fr rhtrjcudjôe ifs g`hstrfs fbjdjìhs y hi g`dhrf01

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs y hig`dhrf quh hst`ràe ^he buedjôeW he if sudhsjvfkhche thehr d`k` uef djedf suhikfs cfifðhshs pfrrhtrjcudjôe he shjs ghshs. Z quh kjdafs fbjdjìhs yhi g`dhrf hstêe fcijm`kfs ` rhdùk`r tfk`s i`sguit`s, sèdjfehs y dfetrjcudjfehs èths kh sìjrkh su d`rmf, ` s`chr, d`k` uef pfr su c`rrjf. Z sjef i`s aè rhdùk`kf èths khi tjhgpf prhsdrjtf,quh shè fcijm`kfs ` p`m`r ` i` sfdjhk`k kh su

prfpjf kjehrf ue` sug` jmuì ` if quh ef a`yèrhdùk`kf. Z quh ifs fbjdjìhs y hi g`dhrf hstêe`p`rt`kfs kh sus d`rmfs kurèth ue `ðf khspuês kh`cèkfe`rifs. Z prhsdrjcjgfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs efrhdjcè suhikf ej kjehrf, sjef quh hi g`dhrf rhdj-

c` çethmr`gheth i` tftìjk`k kh ifs suhikfs y khikjehrf y, quh èths kh su sìjk` ^khi d`rmfW, p`muh` ifs fbjdjìhs su rhtrjcudjôe dfe ifs bfekfs kh ifsgjhgcrfs kh i` sfdjhk`k

01 [fkfs ifs g`sfehs, shmÿe hi mr`kf, d`rmf y buedjôequh khshgphð`cè, rhdjcçè ue sì`rjf he rhdfefdjgjhetf `su i`cfr (ahdaf quh sh pi`sg` he hsth `rtçduif `sç dfgf he hiQJR, QQRJJ, QQQ, QIRJJ, IJJ, IQ, y IQJ). Kjdaf p`mf shrhbhrç` tètf ` ue` rhdfgphes` g`thrjì -y` sh` he hsphdjh fhe gfehk`-, dfgf t`gcjêe, y sfcrh tfkf, ` ue` rhdhpdjôehspjrjtuì. Kh hst` ÿitjg` e`k` sh kjdh he ifs Hst`tutfs, phrf

pfr if quh efs a` iihm`kf a`st` euhstrfs kç`s ` tr`vês kh ifsrjtuìhs sfcrh i` diùsur` kh ifmj` y kh i`s jestruddjfehs khimr`kf kh `prhekjz y dfgp`ðhrf, hi sì`rjf sjgcfijz`, gàs

ìià kh i` ijthrìjk`k g`thrjì, "ue phrbhddjfe`gjhetf mr`kuìkh sç gjsgf". I` g`yfr rhdfgphes` khi g`sôe hs hi phrbhd-djfe`gjhetf y i` uejvhrsìjz`djôe, hs khdjr, i` suphr`djôe khtfk`s i`s dfetjemhedj`s y i` jkhetjbjd`djôe pihe` dfe hi \rje-djpjf quh i` G`sfehrç` efgcr` dfgf M.½.@.½.K.½.X.½. .



0;

QRJ - Kh ifs djrjfs quh hs ehdhs`rjf pfehr

pfr ^duhet` khW i` sfdjhk`k kh ifs g`hstrfs p`r`

ifs kjbuetfs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`kfs quh shè dfgpr`kfs

kfs djrjfs ` duhet` kh ifs gjhgcrfs kh i` sfdjh-k`k, ifs duìhs khchràe quhk`r he prhshedj` khig`dhrf kh i` sfdjhk`k. Z quh shè kh kjhdjsêjsijcr`s kh dhr` he tftì, y khchràe shr dfifd`kfs

ouetf ì duhrpf duèkf ìmuef kh ifs g`hstrfsbìihzd`.

QRJJ - Puh tfkfs ifs g`hstrfs hstêe fcijm`-

kfs ` `dukjr ouetf ` ue sfdjf kjbuetf duèkf

buhrè dfevfd`kfs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ìmuef kh

euhstrfs sfdjfs buhr` ii`g`kf f djt`kf pfr hi eue-djf f pfr ftrf he su ium`r `bçe kh `dukjr dhrd` kh

ue sfdjf suyf kjbuetf y ef sh prhshet`r`, quh p`-muh ` tçtuif kh guit` kfdh khe`rjfs cfifðhshs, `ghefs quh tuvjhr` ue` ùtfrjz`djôe f ue rhì jg-

phkjghetf. Z hi duhrpf khch shr pfrt`kf pfrafgcrhs kh kjda` sfdjhk`k. Z hi euedjf kh i` sf-djhk`k khch fcthehr kh i` `s`gcih` kh i` sfdjhk`kQRJJJ khe`rjfs cfifðhshs pfr guhrth kh ifs a`ch-rhs kh i` sfdjhk`k. Z sj hi euedjf ef buhsh ej `du-kjhsh p`r` rhuejr ` ifs sfdjfs, quh p`muh ` tçtuifkh guit` QRJJJ khe`rjfs ` i` sfdjhk`k. Z quh ifsfbjdjìhs y hi g`dhrf hstêe fcijm`kfs ` rhdùk`r

hst`s sug`s.

QRJJJ - Puh ifs fbjdjìhs hstêe fcijm`kfs `

`sjstjr ` ifs sfdjfs hebhrgfs y ` k`rihs dfeshof.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj uef kh euhs-

trfs sfdjfs hstuvjhr` hebhrgf quh ifs fbjdjìhsthemè hi khchr kh vjsjt`rifs sj sh hethrè y khk`rihs dfeshof y ùkjhedj`0:. Z sj bìihdh y ef tjh-eh dfgf shr hethrr`kf, quh i` sfdjhk`k if a`m`hethrr`r afefr`cihgheth ` sus hxphes`s. Z quh hi

g`dhrf puhk` m`st`r a`st` i` sug` kh Q suhikfs cfifðhshs y ef gàs.

QJQ - Puh ifs euedjfs sh khspi`dhe ` dfst`

kh `quhiifs quh aè sjkf sèdjfe`kfs y quh sh

ejhmè ` k`r ue` bjèz`.

0: Afy he kç` hst` buedjôe sh gètjheh he hi rjtuì he i`bjmur` khi Ahrgèf Afspjtì`rjf quh `khgàs hs hi hed`rm`kfhe Ifmj` kh rhdùk`r ue` dfetrjcudjôe kh d`k` uef kh ifs

`sjstheths ` ue` [hejk` khstje`k` ` ducrjr i`s ehdhsjk`khs khduìqujhr ahrgèf quh if prhdjsh `sç dfgf kh su b`gjij`,sjhgprh dfe hi dfefdjgjhetf y `prfc`djôe khi Rhehr`cihG`hstrf y khi Dfihmjf kh Fbjdjìhs. He hst` buedjôe sh a`dhhbhdtjv` i` vjrtuk g`sôejd` pfr hxdhihedj`? i` D`rjk`k

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs yifs g`dhrfs quh hstêe ^he buedjôeW he hi buturf, sjbjoè bjèz`s ` ìmÿe g`hstrf pfr dfetrjcudjfehs fsèdjfehs u ftrfs gftjvfs, phrdjcè kh êi tfkfs ifsm`stfs quh a`mè ì ^rhdurrjrW ` ifs euedjfs kh i`dfgue` kh Cfifej` f ` ftrf gfkf p`r` rhduphr`r-i`s, `bçe kh quh i` sfdjhk`k ef them` ejemÿe m`stf.Z ifs fbjdjìhs f hi g`dhrf quh a`mè ifs m`stfs

pfr hiif, quh ifs a`mè pfr su duhet`, ` ef shr quha`mè hsth m`stf shmÿe i` vfiuet`k kh i` sfdjhk`kf kh su dfeshof. Z sj `quêi quh khch `cfe`r hikjehrf p`r` hiif ef kho` quh hi euedjf kh i` sfdjh-k`k ih hgphðh, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe trhs suhi-kfs cfifðhshs d`k` vhz quh if a`y` dfetr`vhejkf.

QQ - Kh ifs quh sh dfgprfghthe pfr dfetr`-

tf.

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ìmuef shdfgprfghth dfe ftrf pfr dfetr`tf sje quh a`y` phrgèhdjkf ej dugpijkf su tjhgpf ì i`kf kh sug`hstrf f p`trôe, quh ef sh` rhdjcjkf èths khitêrgjef pfr ejemÿe g`hstrf kh i` sfdjhk`k, y quhejemue` `yuk` ej `sjsthedj` ih sh` k`k` pfr ejemÿeg`hstrf quh sh a`y` hethr`kf kh hiif f ` qujhe iha`y` sjkf kheuedj`kf. Z qujhe if dfetr`vhem` quhsh` sèdjfe`kf dfe QQ suhikfs cfifðhshs.

QQJ - Puh ejemuef v`y` ` rhdjcjr i` chekj- djôe gàs quh ue` sfi` vhz.

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ejemuef kh i`sfdjhk`k v`y` ` rhdjcjr i` chekjdjôe gàs quh ue`sfi` vhz. Z qujhe if dfetr`vjejhsh, quh sh` sè-djfe`kf d`k` vhz dfe shjs khe`rjfs cfifðhshs.

QQJJ - Puh ejemuef rhdjc` i` chekjdjôe kh

su prfpj` ùtfrjk`k.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ìmuef rhdjch

i` chekjdjôe kh su prfpj` ùtfrjk`k, sh` pheìjz`-kf dfe shjs khe`rjfs cfifðhshs d`k` vhz quh ifdfetr`vhem`.

QQJJJ - Puh ejemuef khch hst`r gàs ìià kh

i` hsquje` khi ìt`r.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ejemue` phrsfe`

khch hst`r ouetf ` i` hsquje` khi ìt`r, vuhitf a`djì` jmihsj`, còf phe` kh ue` guit` kh trhs khe`rjfsd`k` vhz quh if a`y` dfetr`vhejkf.



08

QQJR - Khi rhp`rtf hqujt`tjvf kh i`s b`he`s

hetrh ifs g`hstrfs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ue fbjdjì fr-

khe` ` ue g`hstrf kh su c`rrjf kh hetrhm`rsh ` uetr`còf p`r` hi guejdjpjf, tr`tàekfif hqujt`tjv`-gheth he rhi`djôe ` ifs ftrfs g`hstrfs, y êsth ef`dukh, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe Q suhikfs cfifðh-shs. Z ejemÿe g`hstrf khch hihmjr ` ue g`hstrfduìqujhr` khi gurf y kh i` g`khr` p`r` i`cfrìmue` kh i` dfgue` kh Cfifej` u ftrf ium`r> yqujhe if dfetr`vhem` quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe QQsuhikfs cfifðhshs. Z ifs fbjdjìhs quh hstêe he hibuturf, hs khdjr, ifs fbjdjìhs quh hstêe prhshethshe i` djuk`k duèkf sh a`m` i` hihddjôe, khchea`dhr kjda` hihddjôe rhp`rtjhekf hqujt`tjv`gheth ìfs g`hstrfs pfr c`rrjf. Z sj ue fbjdjì ef tr`t`hqujt`tjv`gheth ` ue g`hstrf, dfghtjhekf kfif fbrùkh, f sj `dtÿ` pfr fkjf quh them` a`dj` êi, y

sjhekf hstf di`rf y gèjbjhstf, quh sh` sèdjfe`kfdfe QQ suhikfs cfifðhshs, sìvf quh, sj hs dfevf-d`kf pfr hi pfkhstà, f pfr ìmuef kh su hetfref,dfe hi bje kh fdup`rsh kh ue` fcr` p`r` hi guejdj-

pjf kh Cfifej`, pfkrà `sfdj`rsh ` hii` ` su vfiue-t`k, sje pheìjz`djôe ej guit`.

QQR - Puh uef ef khch ihvèt`rsh he ue`

rhuejôe kh g`hstrfs p`r` k`r su p`rhdhr gàs

quh sfcrh if quh sh` prfpuhstf pfr ifs fbjdjìhs f

hi g`dhrf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ejemuef kh i`sfdjhk`k khch ihvèt`rsh p`r` a`ci`r y k`r su fpj-ejôe he ue` rhuejôe gàs quh sfcrh if quh sh` prf-

puhstf pfr ifs fbjdjìhs f hi g`dhrf.03 Z qujhe ifdfetr`vhem`, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe QJJ suhikfs

cfifðhshs, y quh p`muh sje rhstrjddjôe hst` sug` fquh sh hgphðh.

QQRJ - Puh uef ef khch a`dhr rujkf ej mrj-

t`r duèkf ìmuef a`cih f a`m` ue` prfpfsjdjôehe i` `s`gcih` kh i` sfdjhk`k kh ifs susfkjdafs

g`hstrfs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ìmuef ajdjhsh

rujkf he ue` rhuejôe khspuês kh quh ue fbjdjì, ufbjdjìhs, f hi g`dhrf, f duìqujhr ftrf a`y` ahdafue` prfpfsjdjôe f a`y` tfg`kf i` pì`cr` he gh-kjf kh ifs gjhgcrfs kh i` sfdjhk`k, sj if dfetr`-vjheh, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe trhs khe`rjfs y quhifs p`muh sje rhstrjddjôe. Z quh ifs fbjdjìhs y hig`dhrf `dtÿhe `sç pfr our`ghetf. Z sj ef ifs phr-

djche, quh p`muhe hi hqujvìheth ` i` sfdjhk`k.

QQRJJ - Kh i` rhtrjcudjôe khi euedjf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh i` sfdjhk`k them`

ue euedjf, hs khdjr ûef pfr kfs c`rrjfs yW ftrf pfr ifs ^ftrfsW kfs c`rrjfs> y khche thehr, p`r`d`k` uef kh hiifs, QQQ suhikfs cfifðhshs èu`-ihs. Z khche `pfrt`r ifs djrjfs sj ìmuef bìihdh hjrifs ` cusd`r ì kfgjdjijf khi g`dhrf. Z ^hiifskhche kh rhdjcjrW ue khe`rjf pfr d`k` dfgjsjôe kh

p`rth kh `quhiifs quh ifs hed`rmè.

QQRJJJ - Dôgf y kh quê gèhr` ifs gjhg-

crfs kh i` sfdjhk`k khche rhuejrsh pfr ue gjhg-

crf bìihdjkf y he quê ium`rhs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj hi kjbuetf hs

khi c`rrjf kh i` puhrt` kh Tthrj, ifs gjhgcrfs kh i`sfdjhk`k sh rhuejràe he Tè Mhrv`sjf. Tj hi kjbue-tf hs khi c`rrjf kh Tè \rôduif, quh ifs gjhgcrfs

sh rhÿeè he Tè @gcrfsjf. \fr ftrf i`kf, sj hikjbuetf hs khi c`rrjf kh i` puhrt` kh Sàvhe`, quhifs gjhgcrfs sh rhÿeè he Tè Hsthcè. Z sj hikjbuetf hs khi c`rrjf kh i` puhrt` kh Tè \hkrf quhifs gjhgcrfs sh rhÿeè he i` jmihsj` kh Tè \hkrf.Z quh ifs euedjfs hstêe fcijm`kfs ` khdjr kh quê

c`rrjf hs hi kjbuetf duèkf dfevfquhe ` ifsgjhgcrfs kh i` sfdjhk`k. Z sj ef if kjdhe, quhshè pheìjz`kfs dfe kfs suhikfs cfifðhshs d`k`vhz quh if dfetr`vhemè.

QQJQ - Puh d`k` gjhgcrf kh i` sfdjhk`k

hstê fcijm`kf ` p`m`r d`k` `ðf du`trf ^khe`rjfsW

p`r` i`s gjs`s.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh d`k` gjhgcrf kh

i` sfdjhk`k hstê fcijm`kf ` p`m`r d`k` `ðf du`trfkhe`rjfs p`r` i`s gjs`s3<, y quh ifs fbjdjìhs shèifs hed`rm`kfs kh rhdùk`r hst`s sug`s.

QQQ - Puh e`kjh puhkh tfg`r ue `prhekjz

pfr ue tjhgpf jebhrjfr ` du`trf `ðfs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh e`kjh kh i` sf-

djhk`k khch kh ejemÿe gfkf ej gèhr` tfg`r ej`gp`r`r ue `prhekjz pfr ue tjhgpf jebhrjfr ` du`-trf `ðfs30, y hiif ^` dfekjdjôe kh k`rihW ue p`r kh

3< Hsth `rtçduif, ouet`gheth dfe hi QQJ, QQJJJ,QQRJJJ, QIRJJJ, JI, y IRJJJ, guhstrè hi rhsphtf y `k`pt`-djôe ` i`s efrg`s kh i` Jmihsj`, dfe i` quh ef hxjstç` ejemÿedfebijdtf

30 Hi g`hstrf `kqujrç` ue` rhspfes`cjijk`k dfe su i`cfr

kh heshðèz`, if duì hvfd`, gàs ìià kh ue ghrf bfrgìjs-gf, ue dfgprfgjsf dfe i` trèsgjsjôe khi fbjdjf y kh tfkfssus sçgcfifs y shdrhtfs ` qujhe rhsuith `ptf p`r` hiif. E`k`kh if rhdjcjkf hs ue` prfpjhk`k prjv`k`, sjef ue ihm`kf quhkhch shr trèsgjtjkf hbhdtjv`gheth p`r` pfsjcjijt`r i` vjk` kh



02

afm`z`s d`k` ^shgè`W y ue p`r kh d`pfehs he i`bjhst` kh E`vjk`k y vhjeth suhikfs cfifðhshs hedjedf `ðfs. Z qujhe dfetr`vhem` hi pi`zf kh du`-trf ^`ðfsW, quh sh` pheìjz`kf dfe trhs ijcr`s cfif-ðhs`s. Z qujhe dfetr`vhem` ifs vhjeth suhikfs

cfifðhshs y i`s afm`z`s y ifs d`pfehs, quh sh`sèdjfe`kf dfe vhjeth suhikfs cfifðhshs d`k` vhzquh dfetr`vhem` d`k` uef ^kh hstfs puetfsW. Z

prhsdrjcjgfs quh, ` p`rtjr kh afy y kh àfr` he`khièth, tfkfs i`s `dt`s shè ahda`s pfr hi eft`rjfkh i` sfdjhk`k he prhshedj` kh, ì ghefs, kfs fbj-djìhs, y khche shr trèsdrjt`s he ue du`khref quhhst`rà sjhgprh he pfshsjôe khi g`dhrf. Z qujhe ifdfetr`vhem` quh p`muh ` tçtuif kh guit` trhs ijcr`s

cfifðhs`s. Z quh hstf sh` jrrhvfd`cih33.

QQQJ - Puh d`k` uef hstê fcijm`kf ` gfs-

tr`r ` ifs fbjdjìhs hi dfetr`tf kh su `prhekjz he ^hi pi`zfW kh ue `ðf ` p`rtjr khi gfghetf he quh

if them`.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh d`k` ^gjhgcrfW

kh i` sfdjhk`k hstê fcijm`kf he ^hi pi`zfW kh ue`ðf ` p`rtjr khi gfghetf he quh a`y` tfg`kf ` ue`prhekjz, ` gfstr`r hi `dt` ` ifs fbjdjìhs kh i`sfdjhk`k. Z qujhe if dfetr`vhem`, quh sh` sèdjf-e`kf dfe djedf suhikfs cfifðhshs d`k` vhz quh ifdfetr`vhem`.

QQQJJ - Puh e`kjh puhk` tfg`r ` ìmujhe

quh ef sh` kh i` djuk`k f khi dfek`kf kh Cfif-

ej` f ^quh sh`W ue kfgêstjdf kh imujhe.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh e`kjh kh i` sf-

djhk`k puhkh `gp`r`r ej khch tfg`r dfgf `prhe-

ue guekf f kh ue` djvjijz`djôe, kh àç t`gcjêe hi d`ràdthrdfsgfmôejdf kh hsth tr`còf

33

He hstfs Hst`tutfs sfi`gheth sh ghedjfeè kfs mr`-kfs jejdjàtjdfs, -hi kh `prhekjz y hi kh g`hstrf, sje ue` ìu-sjôe hxpiçdjt` ì mr`kf kh dfgp`ðhrf, (ùequh sh k` ` hethe-khr quh hxjsth ue` ohr`rquç` jgpiçdjt` hetrh ue `prhekjzrhdjêe `kgjtjkf he i` sfdjhk`k y `quêi quh a` rhdjcjkf ue`jestruddjôe pfr ue phrjfkf kh a`st` ; `ðfs)-, if duì rhspfe-kh ì d`ràdthr hgjehethgheth hxthrjfr kh ifs rhmi`ghetfs, heifs duìhs, dfgf cjhe pfkrà fcshrv`rsh, ef sh rhvhiè `sphd-tfs kh frkhe jethref kh i` vjk` kh i`s Ifmj`s. [ètf he hshgfghetf dfgf he ifs `dtuìhs rjtuìhs kh i` Frkhe sjmuhehxjstjhekf trhs mr`kfs jejdjàtjdfs, ` s`chr, hi kh `prhekjz, hikh dfgp`ðhrf y hi kh g`hstrf, puhs êstfs dfestjtuyhe i`tr`g` sjgcôijd` jeahrheth ì d`gjef jejdjàtjdf, quh v` khskh

i` guhrth ì hst`kf prfbèf y hi jemrhsf ` ue` vç` kh dfef-djgjhetf kfekh tfkf khch shr rh`prhekjkf, -hst`kf rhprhshe-t`kf pfr hi `prhekjz-, p`sèkf pfr i` `prhahesjôe kh i` dfs-gfmfeç`, i`cfr prfpj` khi dfgp`ðhrf, a`st` hi `ddhsf ìhst`kf kh Afgcrh Rhrk`khrf, sjgcfijz`kf pfr hi g`hstrf

kjz ` ìmujhe quh sh` ue drj`kf34 f ^quh sh`W khftrf thrrjtfrjf. Z qujhe if dfetr`vhem` quh sh`sèdjfe`kf dfe D suhikfs cfifðhshs d`k` vhz quhif dfetr`vhem`. Z prhsdrjcjgfs quh sj ìmuef kh i`sfdjhk`k tfg` ` ue` drj`k` pfr guohr, p`muh `tçtuif kh guit` Q ijcr`s cfifðhs`s y quh sh` hx-diujkf kh i` sfdjhk`k. Z quh hstf sh` jrrhvfd`cih.

QQQJJJ - Puh ifs g`hstrfs hstêe fcijm`kfs `

a`dhr jemrhs`r ` ifs `prhekjdhs he i` sfdjhk`k ì

d`cf kh kfs `ðfs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh d`k` g`hstrf hs-

tê fcijm`kf ` a`dhr jemrhs`r he i` sfdjhk`k ` su`prhekjz, khspuês kh quh êsth a`y` phrgèhdjkf `su i`kf kurèth kfs `ðfs, y ` rhdjcjr kh hsth`prhekjz ue` cuhe` h jkôeh` m`rètç` dfe rhi`djôe` su hetr`k` he i` sfdjhk`k3;. Z qujhe if dfetr`-

vhem`, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe QQ suhikfs cfif-ðhshs d`k` vhz quh if dfetr`vhem`, ì ghefs sj efrhdjch kjda` m`rètç`W.

QQQJR . Puh e`kjh kh i` sfdjhk`k khc` tr`-

cò`r p`r` ìmujhe quh khch ìmue` dfs` ` ue

g`hstrf. Guy jgpfrtèth.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh e`kjh kh i` sf-

djhk`k khch tr`cò`r ` ofreì f ` khstòf p`r` ì-mujhe quh khch k`r f p`m`r kjehrf ` ue g`hstrf `

dùs` kh su `rth, tè prfetf if a`y` s`cjkf f quhi` duhstjôe ih a`y` sjkf kheuedj`k` pfr hsh g`hs-trf f pfr ifs fbjdjìhs kh i` sfdjhk`k. Z qujhe ifdfetr`vhem` quh sh` pheìjz`kf dfe QQ suhikfs

cfifðhshs pfr g`hstrf d`k` vhz quh if dfetr`vhe-m`, y quh p`muh ` ifs g`hstrfs î`s jekhgejz`djf-ehsW pfr su tr`còf. Z quh ifs fbjdjìhs hstêe fcij-m`kfs ` jgpfehr i`s guit`s khetrf kh ifs fdaf

34 Afy he kç` dfetjeÿ` sjhekf jgprhsdjekjcih p`r` he-tr`r ` bfrg`r p`rth kh i` G`sfehrç` shr ue` phrsfe` "ijcrh y

kh cuhe`s dfstugcrhs", dfe if duì sh sfcrhhetjhekh quh`quhi quh sfijdjth hetr`r he i` G`sfehrç` ef khch hst`r dfe-kjdjfe`kf pfr e`k` ej e`kjh, hs khdjr, quh khch a`chr tfg`-kf hst` fpdjôe kh bfrg` ijcrh y sjedhr` y quh ejemue` "hs-di`vjtuk" hxthrjfr, ej sfcrh tfkf jethrjfr, if khch sfghthr ejìjhe`r, sjef quh tfk` su vfiuet`k y rhdt` jethedjôe khchhst`r hed`gje`k` ` i` dfeshdudjôe kh i` ijchr`djôe f hst`kfkh dfedjhedj` tftìgheth jedfekjdjfe`kf. Tôif ue afgcrhijcrh puhkh vfid`r su vjk` he hsth hgphðf. I`s "cuhe`sdfstugcrhs" sfe ue` dfeshduhedj` kh hs` rhdtjtuk jethre` ykh i` `spjr`djôe ` i` jkhetjbjd`djôe dfe ifs prjedjpjfs uejvhr-sìhs y `rquhtçpjdfs, i` duì dfekudh ` i` `rgfeç` quh shgèjbjhst` he tfkfs ifs àgcjtfs kh i` hxjsthedj`

3;

\`rhdh di`rf quh èths kh i` jejdj`djôe rjtuì kh ifs`prhekjdhs, êstfs hst`cè kurèth kfs `ðfs prhp`ràekfsh y prfcèkf sus duìjk`khs. @dtuìgheth t`gcjêe hxjsthe ì-mue`s ifmj`s quh hxjmhe ` ifs pfstuièths ` i` jejdj`djôe uetjhgpf kh hstukjf y prhp`r`djôe prhvjf ` su rhdhpdjôe.



0=

kç`s pfsthrjfrhs ` quh i` dfs` sh ihs a`y` ahdafdi`r` y gèjbjhst`, y ` p`m`r ` ifs g`hstrfs î`sjekhgejz`djfehsW.

QQQR - Puh i` sfdjhk`k kurh Q `ðfs.Khi gjsgf gfkf hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh

i` sfdjhk`k khch kur`r ifs prôxjgfs kjhz `ðfs, hetftì, f gàs tjhgpf shmÿe khdjk` i` sfdjhk`k f i`g`yfrç` pfr hsdrutjejf.

QQQRJ - Puh uef ef sh quhoh kh ifs fbjdjìhs

èth hi pfkhstà f su trjcueì.@sç gjsgf hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ue

g`hstrf kh i` sfdjhk`k ef puhkh ej khch kh eje-mÿe gfkf ej gèhr` dfgp`rhdhr èth hi pfkhstà fsu trjcueì p`r` quho`rsh kh ifs fbjdjìhs f kh uef

kh hiifs. Z qujhe if dfetr`vhem` quh p`muh ` tçtu-if kh guit` trhs ijcr`s cfifðhs`s d`k` vhz quh ifdfetr`vhem`. Z quh hstf sh` jrrhvfd`cih38.

QQQRJJ - \ucijd`djôe kh ifs hst`tutfs.Hstfs hst`tutfs aè sjkf ihçkfs y ahdafs pÿ-

cijdfs he i` `s`gcih` kh i` sfdjhk`k rhuejk` pfrifs euedjfs kh i` gèhr` `dfstugcr`k` he hi dh-ghethrjf kh i` jmihsj` kh Tè \rôduif, hi `ðf khiThðfr kh 03;1, jekjddjôe shxt`, kç` fdt`vf kh

`mfstf, he hi tjhgpf khi shðfr Cfejb`djf kh D`rjf, pfkhstà kh Cfifej`.

QQQRJJJ - Puh hi g`dhrf y ifs fbjdjìhs hs-

têe fcijm`kfs ` rhdùk`r i`s dfetrjcudjfehs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh hi g`dhrf kh ifs

g`hstrfs kh i` g`khr` them` i` fcijm`djôe kh rh-dùk`r tfk`s i`s dfetrjcudjfehs jgpuhst`s y i`ssèdjfehs prfeuedj`k`s pfr ^êiW, y i`s guit`s^puhst`sW kurèth ^suW tjhgpf. Z sj ef i`s rhdùk`,

quh p`muh kh su prfpjf kjehrf, ` tçtuif kh guit`,hi kfcih. Z quh hi eft`rjf them` i` fcijm`djôe khrhdùk`r dfe hi g`dhrf kjda`s dfetrjcudjfehs,sèdjfehs y guit`s. Z hi euedjf kh i` sfdjhk`kkhch jr dfe hi g`dhrf y sj ef vè, quh shè sè-djfe`kfs d`k` uef dfe R suhikfs cfifðhshs d`k`vhz quh if dfetr`vhemè.

38

Hs hvjkheth quh ifs g`sfehs ghkjhvìhs sh frmèj-z`cè kh gfkf jekhphekjheth ì rhstf kh djuk`kèfs. Efhst`cè suohtfs ` ifs trjcueìhs frkje`rjfs, sjef kjrhdt`gheth` ifs kh i` Tfdjhk`k. Êst`, ` su vhz, hr` i` hed`rm`k` kh efdfetr`vhejr ejemue` efrg`tjv` djuk`kè`

QQQJQ - Puh hi euedjf kh i` sfdjhk`k khch

phrgèhdhr he su buedjôe kurèth ue `ðf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh hi euedjf kh i`

sfdjhk`k khch phrgèhdhr ^he su buedjôeW ue `ðf,y quh them` pfr rhtrjcudjôe QI suhikfs cfifðhshs.

QI - Khi eft`rjf kh i` sfdjhk`k.

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs y hig`dhrf khche tfg`r ue cuhe eft`rjf p`r` i` sf-djhk`k, y quh khch phrgèhdhr ^he su buedjôeW ue`ðf> khch jesdrjcjr ifs jemrhsfs khi g`dhrf y susm`stfs y a`dhr tfk`s i`s hsdrjtur`s, gfkjbjd`djfehsy hst`tutfs kh i` sfdjhk`k, y khch thehr pfr rhtrj-

cudjôe QI suhikfs cfifðhshs.

QIJ - Puh sh khche a`dhr kfs ijcrfs kh efg-

crhs kh ifs g`hstrfs kh i` g`khr`.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh khche a`dhrshkfs ijcrfs kh efgcrhs kh ifs g`hstrfs kh i` g`kh-r`, y quh a`y` he ue du`khref if gjsgf quh he hiftrf. Z quh hi g`dhrf khc` mu`rk`r uef kh hiifs yftrf g`hstrf khc` mu`rk`r hi ftrf. Z sj ue g`hstrfgurjhsh quh sh` cfrr`kf kh hstfs ijcrfs.

QIJJ - Kh i`s duhet`s ` rhekjr pfr ifs fbjdj`-

ihs y hi g`dhrf.

Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs y hig`dhrf khche rhekjr duhet`s hi pheÿitjgf kfgje-mf khi ghs còf hi ìt`r kh Tè \hkrf.

QIJJJ - Kh i` dfebhddjôe kh ue du`krf.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs quh

hst`ràe ^he buedjfehsW he hi buturf hstêe fcijm`kfsd`k` uef kh a`dhr rhìjz`r ue du`krf kh ifs efg-

crhs kh ifs g`hstrfs kh i` g`khr` shmÿe if quhdfethem` i` g`trçdui`. Z sj ifs fbjdjìhs hevçè `

ìmujhe ì shrvjdjf kh i` dfgue` kh Cfifej`, êikhchrà jr he su turef dfe hi bje kh quh e`kjh rhsui-th phroukjd`kf, còf phe` kh ue` guit` kh R suhi-kfs pfr d`k` vhz quh if a`y` dfetr`vhejkf.

QIJR - Puh ejemuef khch d iugej`r ` i` sf-

djhk`k.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh, sj ìmuef kh i`

sfdjhk`k kjohr` vjiièç`s f jeourj`s ` prfpôsjtf khi` sfdjhk`k, quh sh` sèdjfe`kf dfe QQ suhikfs

cfifðhshs d`k` vhz. Z quh hstf sh` jrrhvfd`cih. Zquh ifs fbjdjìhs hstêe hed`rm`kfs kh rhdùk`rifs.



01

Z sj ef ifs rhdùkè quh p`muhe hi kfcih kh su prfpjf kjehrf.

QIR - Puh ifs fbjdjìhs khche dhs`r.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs quh

hst`ràe ^he buedjfehsW he hi buturf khche `cèkf-e`ri`s, bjeìjz`kf su gèk`tf.

@kjdjfehs ` ifs hst`tutfs kh ifs g`hstrfs.

QIRJ - Puh i`s sfdjhk`khs khche rhuejrsh

`p`rth.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh i` sfdjhk`k kh

ifs g`hstrfs kh i` g`khr` khch rhuejrsh `p`rth ìiçkfekh khdjkè ifs fbjdjìhs kh hst` sfdjhk`k y quh

i` sfdjhk`k kh ifs g`hstrfs khi gurf khch rhuejr-sh `p`rth ìiç kfekh khdjkè ifs fbjdjìhs kh hs`sfdjhk`k, y hiif kh tì bfrg` quh ef puhkè rh-uejrsh dfeouet`gheth. Hstf, sìvf quh ifs fbjdjìhskh i`s sfdjhk`khs khdjkè rhuejri`s dfeouet`ghe-th> hetfedhs, hii`s pfkrçè rhuejrsh. Z ifs fbjdjìhskh i`s sfdjhk`khs khche hst`r ouetfs p`r` rhekjrduhet`s ` tfkfs ifs g`hstrfs khi gurf y kh i` g`-khr` quh khshhe sfijdjtàrshi`s kfs vhdhs pfr ghs, `s`chr kfs kfgjemfs.

QIRJJ - Kh i` rhtrjcudjôe kh ifs rhk`dtfrhs

kh ifs hst`tutfs.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs

du`trf dfgjsjfe`kfs p`r` ifs hst`tutfs quh hst`ràe^he buedjfehsW he hi buturf themè d`k` uef kfssuhikfs cfifðhshs pfr rhtrjcudjôe.

QIRJJJ - Kh i` dfebhddjôe kh ue djrjf.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs quh sh a`m` ` d`rmf kh

i` sfdjhk`k ue djrjf kh ue` ijcr` quh sjhgprh kh- chrà `rkhr he i s gjs`s kh i` sfdjhk`k.

JI - Kh ifs djrjfs ` k`r d`k` `ðf ` i` Jmihsj`

kh Tè \hkrf.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh, ` d`r-

mf kh i` sfdjhk`k, sh khe d`k` `ðf, ` i` Jmihsj` khTè \hkrf, d`thkrì kh Cfifej`, he i` bjhst` kh Tè\hkrf, he hi ghs kh ouejf, JR djrjfs kh ue` ijcr`.Z quh ifs fbjdjìhs quh hst`ràe ^he buedjfehsW he

hi buturf hstêe fcijm`kfs ` dugpijrif còf phe` khue` guit` kh R suhikfs cfifðhshs pfr d`k` uef khhiifs.

I - Puh ue g`hstrf quh ftfrmuh ijdhedj` ` su

`prhekjz èths kh têrgjef ef puhk` rhdjcjr `

ftrf.Hst`tujgfs y ^frkhe`gfsW quh sj ue g`hstrf

kh i` sfdjhk`k kh ifs g`sfehs ftfrm` ijdhedj` ` ue`prhekjz suyf èths khi têrgjef kh djedf `ðfs, ef

puhkh thehr ftrf `prhekjz a`st` quh ìdèdh hi pi`zf kh R `ðfs còf phe` y guit` kh QI suhikfs cfifðhshs.

IJ - Kh i` dfgpr` kh ue pìjf pfr i` sfdjh-

k`kHst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh hi g`dhrf y ifs

fbjdjìhs quh hstêe he ^buedjfehsW he hi euhvf `ðf,hstêe fcijm`kfs ` dfgpr`r ue cuhe pìjf p`r` i`sfdjhk`k ` d`rmf kh ifs bfekfs kh i` sfdjhk`k.

Puh hi pìjf sh` pfrt`kf sfcrh ifs ^gjhgcrfsW khi` sfdjhk`k quh guhrè `sç dfgf sfcrh ifs^gjhgcrfsW kh i` b`gjij` kh `quhiifs quh sfe kh i`sfdjhk`k p`r` i` quh hi pìjf sh a` dfgpr`kf, phrfef sfcrh ìmujhe quh ef sh` kh i` sfdjhk`k.

IJJ - Kh i` rhtrjcudjôe khi dfeshof kh èdj`-

efs.Hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh hi dfesjij`rjf quh

sh` k`kf ` ifs èdjèfs kh i` sfdjhk`k kh ifs

g`hstrfs khi gurf sh` hihmjkf pfr ifs fbjdjìhs khhst` sfdjhk`k. Z quh them` dfgf rhtrjcudjôe Rsuhikfs cfifðhshs ` d`rmf kh ifs bfekfs kh i` sf-djhk`k kh ifs quh kjspfehe ifs fbjdjìhs, sj kur` y

phrgèhdh ^he buedjfehsW kurèth shjs ghshs. Z sj phrgèhdh trhs ghshs quh phrdjc` sfi`gheth kfssuhikfs y shjs gfehk`s cfifðhs`s.

IJJJ - Puh hi g`dhrf y ifs fbjdjìhs hstêe

fcijm`kfs ` k r duhet`s.

Hst`tujgfs quh ifs fbjdjìhs y hi g`dhrf kh i`sfdjhk`k quh hst`ràe ^he buedjfehsW he hi buturf,hstêe fcijm`kfs ` a`dhr rhekjr duhet`s, ` d`k`^gjhgcrfW kh i` sfdjhk`k kh ifs g`sfehs, ` tfk`

phrsfe` òhe` ` i` sfdjhk`k quh if khgèkh dferhi`djôe ì `rth kh ifs g`sfehs.

IJR - Puh ef sh khch a`dhr rujkf he ue`

`s`gcih`.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ef sh

khch a`dhr rujkf ej rhçrsh he ue` `s`gcih` kh i`sfdjhk`k y qujhe if dfetr`vhem` quh sh` sèdjf-e`kf dfe QQ suhikfs cfifðhshs.



0:

IR - Puh i` sfdjhk`k khch rhuejrsh he i`

Jmihsj` kh Tè \hkrf.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh i` sf-

djhk`k khch rhuejrsh p`r` tfkfs sus `suetfs he i`Jmihsj` kh Tè \hkrf f sfcrh hi pì`djf khi shðfrfcjspf. Z quh ifs fbjdjìhs kh i` sfdjhk`k khe ` i`Jmihsj` kh Tè \hkrf JJJ djrjfs kh ue` ijcr`. Z quhi` gjs` kh i` sfdjhk`k sh` dhihcr`k` he hst` jmih-sj`.

IRJ - Puh khch a`chr v`rjfs euedjfs duèkf

ìmuef kh i` sfdjhk`k bìihdh.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh duè-

kf ìmuef kh i` sfdjhk`k bìihdh, ifs fbjdjìhs kh i`sfdjhk`k puhkhe thehr uef y gàs euedjfs p`rà`dhr dfemrhm`r ` ifs gjhgcrfs kh i` sfdjhk`k

ouetf ì duhrpf khi kjbuetf, y dfgphes`rih f dfg-

phes`rihs dfgf ihs p`rhzd` dfe d`rmf ` ifs bfekfskh i` sfdjhk`k.

IRJJ - Kh `quhiifs quh ef hetrhmè hi kjehrf

kh i`s gjs`s.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ì-

mujhe ef p`m` ifs JR khe`rjfs cfifðhshs pfr i`sgjs`s he hi pi`zf bjo`kf pfr ifs fbjdjìhs, quh he-trhmuh hi kfcih ì euedjf quh jrà ` su kfgjdjijf

p`r` rhdùk r hst` sug`.

IRJJJ - Kh i`s dfpj`s kh ifs hst`tutfs kh i`

sfdjhk`k.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh tfkfs

ifs hst`tutfs kh i` sfdjhk`k shè dfpj`kfs kh euh-

vf y quh ìiç kfekh, ^sh kjdhW ifs fbjdjìhs khi gu-rf y kh i` g`khr` kjm` sôif khi gurf, kh gfkfquh ifs hst`tutfs kh i` sfdjhk`k khi gurf shèkjstjetfs kh îfs kh i` sfdjhk`kW kh i` g`khr`. Zquh hstf sh` jrrhvfd`cih

.

IJQ - Kh i` bjèz` quh a`y quh k`r ì euedjf

kh i` sfdjhk`k.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh sj ûe

gjhgcrfW kh i` sfdjhk`k ef k` ì euedjf kh i`sfdjhk`k ue` bjèz` duèkf êst` ih hs sfijdjt`k`

pfr p`rth kh ifs fbjdjìhs, e`kjh khch tr`cò`r dfeêi, còf phe` kh ue` guit` kh QQ suhikfs cfifðh-shs d`k` vhz quh sh tr`còh dfe êi ` ghefs quh sh`vhem` ì gèk`tf kh ifs fbjdjìhs.

IQ - Kh i` rhtrjcudjôe khi eft`rjf kh i` sfdjhk`k.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs ^quhW hi

eft`rjf kh i` sfdjhk`k them` pfr rhtrjcudjôe, ìd`cf kh shjs ghshs, ue` rhtrjcudjôe kh QQ suhikfs

cfifðhshs y ef gàs.

IQJ - Kh i` rhtrjcudjôe kh ifs jequjsjkfrhs

kh duhet`s.Z `khgàs hst`tujgfs y frkhe`gfs quh ifs je-

qujsjkfrhs kh duhet`s khche thehr pfr rhtrjcudjôeR suhikfs cfifðhshs y ef gàs.



3<

Gèusdrjtf Shmjus f kh Aìijwhi

@ðf 04:< h.½. v.½.

Jetrfkuddjôe

Hs he hi shef kh i`s ètjmu`s dfrpfr`djfehs khdfestrudtfrhs kh i` Hk`k Ghkj` hurfph` kfekhtfgô bfrg` i` dfrrjheth jejdjàtjd` quh afy dfef-dhgfs dfgf G`sfehrç`. Ef qujhrh hstf khdjr, he`csfiutf, quh i` tr`kjdjôe g`sôejd`, he tètf quhtrèsgjsjôe kh ue` jebiuhedj` hspjrjtuì "ef au-gè`", khc` rhgjtjrsh ajstôrjd`gheth ` ue` khthr-gje`k` êpfd` f djrduestèdj`. He rhìjk`k, hsthhrrfr khphekh kh ue` dfedhpdjôe kh i` jejdj`djôedfgf ìmf kh frkhe sjgpihgheth "gfrì" f "sf-djì", y shghoèth `dtjtuk hs dfeshduhedj` kh ue

puetf kh vjst` hshedjìgheth hxthrjfr y "prfbèf".

[`gpfdf i` tr`kjdjôe g`sôejd` -`sç dfgfduìqujhr ftr` tr`kjdjôe jejdjàtjd` ihmçtjg`, he tè-tf quh jgpijd` ue` trèsgjsjôe rhmui`r- puhkh shrrhkudjk` ` ue shetjkf hxdiusjv`gheth psjdfiômjdf,kh kfekh sh khrjv`rç` su hxjsthedj` dfgf ue sjg-

pih prfkudtf khi "hspçrjtu augèf". Djhrt`gheth,i` G`sfehrç` shrç` jgphes`cih sj ef thehgfs heduhet` i` efdjôe kh i` uejk`k tr`kjdjfeì prjgfr-

kjì y i`s sudhsjv`s `k`pt`djfehs kh êst` ` i`s djr-duestèdj`s khthrgje`k`s pfr hi khs`rrfiif dçdijdfkh i` gèjbhst`djôe y pfr i`s kjbhrheths ghetìj-k`khs kh ifs puhcifs ` i`s quh hstà kjrjmjk`. Khdjrquh i` G`sfehrç` "tfgô bfrg`" he i`s ètjmu`sdfrpfr`djfehs ghkjhvìhs sjmejbjd` quh êst`s prf-

pfrdjfe`rfe i` c`sh y hi "gfikh" `khdu`kf p`r` suhxprhsjôe he tètf quh gfkhif jejdjàtjdf kh d`r`d-thrçstjd`s prfpj`s, ijm`kf ` ue fbjdjf> hsth gfkhifef kho` kh shr ue` hxprhsjôe kh ue` vhrk`k efajstôrjd`, y hs `sç dfgf khch hethekhrsh su frjmhe

"brfg jgghgfrjì tjgh".

\fr ftr` p`rth, i` usuì kjvjsjôe kh i` G`sfeh-rç` he "fphr`tjv`" y "hsphdui`tjv`", hethekjhekf

pfr i` prjghr` i`s dfrpfr`djfehs kh dfestrudtfrhsghkjhvìhs y pfr i` shmuek` i` frmèjz`djôe "bj-iètrôpjd`" y "bjifsôbjd`" khrjv`k` khi prfmrhsjvf

prhkfgjejf he i`s ifmj`s kh ifs "G`sfehs `dhpt`-kfs", y duyf e`djgjhetf k`t` khi s. QRJJJ, ef jg-

pijd` sjef i` bjo`djôe he hi `sphdtf gàs hxthrjfr ysuphrbjdjì kh i` gjsg`. Th prhthekh quh i` G`sf-

ehrç` "hsphdui`tjv`", ì a`chr prhsdjekjkf khi fbj-djf, sj ef hvjkhethgheth he sus sçgcfifs y rjtfs, sçhe sus `sphdtfs bfrgìhs, rhprhshet`rç` ue prfmrh-

sf he shetjkf "jethihdtuì" y rhspfekhrç` ` dfe-

dhpdjfehs kh ue ejvhi gàs hihv`kf. He rhìjk`k, hi p`sf kh if "fphr`tjvf" ` if "hsphdui`tjvf" rhprh-shet` hx`dt`gheth if dfetr`rjf kh if quh i` ghet`-ijk`k gfkhre` qujhrh vhr àç. Ihofs kh dfestjtujrue "prfmrhsf", sh tr`t` gàs cjhe kh ue hgpfcrh-djgjhetf y ue fivjkf kh if quh hs i` "rhìjz`djôe" -y hs hstf if quh vhrk`khr`gheth sjmejbjd` hi têr-gjef "fphr`tjvf"- p`r` ef kho`r sucsjstjr gàs quhue` vjsjôe pur`gheth thôrjd` Hi Gèusdrjtf Sh-mjus kh i` jejdj`djôe, ue` "hsphdui`djôe" quh hs ue"rhbihof", hs khdjr, ue dfefdjgjhetf jekjrhdtf, pfrfpfsjdjôe ì dfefdjgjhetf hbhdtjvf y kjrhdtf. [ìdfefdjgjhetf hbhdtjvf ef hs sjef i` rhìjz`djôejejdjàtjd`.

@uequh hi s`chr jejdjàtjdf hs prfpj`gheth ue`trèsgjsjôe, y dfgf tì tjheh sus prfpjfs ghkjfs,kjbhrheths pfr dfgpihtfs kh i` hkud`djôe prfbè`,I` G`sfehrç` ghkjhvì y drjstjè` khoô ìmuefskfdughetfs hsdrjtfs -afy he kç` pràdtjd`ghethkhs`p`rhdjkfs- he ifs quh sh dfeshrv`rfe dujk`kf-

s`gheth ìmue`s efrg`s mhehrìhs, ihyhs buek`-ghetìhs h jethrprht`djfehs gçtjd`s, ` ifs quh mh-eêrjd`gheth sh khefgje` "Fik Da`rmhs" (@etj-mufs Khchrhs). Hi gàs ètjmuf quh sh dfefdh hs higèusdrjtf Shmjus, khi quh `quç fbrhdhgfs i` tr`-kuddjôe i d`sthiièf.

Durjfsjk`khs sfcrh hi efgcrhTh ih ii`g` gèusdrjtf Shmjus (rhmjf) pfrquh

bfrgô p`rth kh i` Cjcijfthd` Shì jejdj`k` pfr He-rjquh RJJ (0;8=-08<:), qujhe if rhdjcjô dfgf kf-

e`djôe kh Da`rihs [ahyhr,y hetrhm`k` ì GushfCrjtàejdf pfr Ofrmh JJ (0214-0=2<). Buh he 0=8=quh Ofrmh JJ if kfeô sjgcôijd`gheth ì puhcifjemiês, phrgèhdjhekf hetfedhs he i` Cjcijfthd`Shmj`.

Th ih dfefdh t`gcjêe dfgf ’kh Aìijwhi‗ pfrquh buh O.F. Aìijwhii qujhe khsducrjô su jg- pfrtèdj` y qujhe if prhshetô ` i` Tfdjhk`k kh@etjdu`rjfs kh Ifekrhs hi 02 kh `crji kh 014:.

Hs ehdhs`rjf khst`d`r quh hi efgcrh kh rhmjusbuh sumhrjkf pfr uef kh ifs gjhgcrfs kh i` Tfdjh-k`k, kh efgcrh Mfuik, dfe hi bje kh phrphtu`r he



30

i` ghgfrj` ` sus prfpjht`rjfs y kfe`kfrhs èthrjf-rhs.

Dfethejkf y durjfsjk`khs

Hi gèusdrjtf Aìijwhii hs ue tètf hsphdjì,hetrh ftr`s dfs`s, pfr i`s sjmujheths?

• Hstà hsdrjtf he vhrsf y ef he prfs`, hedfedrhtf dfest` kh =;: vhrsfs

• Hi jemiês utjijz`kf hs gàs `rd`jdf quh hi khifs ftrfs gèusdrjtfs.

• A`dh ghedjôe ` i` ihyhek` kh ifs du`trfgàrtjrhs dfrfe`kfs, ue` ihyhek` quh ef shheduhetr` he ejemuef kh ifs ftrfs gèus-drjtfs jemihshs y quh, `khgàs, bfrg` p`rthkh i` tr`kjdjôe mhrgè`.

• Hi gèusdrjtf di`r`gheth phrthehdh ` ue`

tr`kjdjôe d`tôijd`, gjhetr`s quh ifs ftrfssfe kh thekhedj` prfthstèth.•

He c`sh ` tfkf if kjdaf, @ichrt M. G`dnhy ,he su fcr` "Ajstfry fb Brèdg`sfery‗ " (0:<2),`bjrg` quh hs kh prfdhkhedj` mhrgè`, if duìhetr` he dfetr`kjddjôe dfe hi frjmhe he ]frdhsthrquh bjrg`c` Chrmhggèe.

Hi dfethejkf dfgpihtf khi gèusdrjtf hs hisjmujheth?

• Buek`djôe kh i` G`sfehrç` he Hmjptf pfrHudijkhs.

• Jetrfkuddjôe kh i` G`sfehrç` he Jemi`thrr` còf hi rhje`kf kh @khistfeus (rhy sòôe,:38-:4:).

• Ifs Khchrhs? qujedh rtçduifs.• Ifs Khchrhs? qujedh puetfs.• Shi`tf kh ifs Du`trf Dfrfe`kfs.• Shi`tf kh i` [frrh kh C`chi.• I`s sjhth `rths ijchrìhs.• Hxafrt`djôe sfcrh i` gjs` y dôgf dfeku-

djrsh he i` jmihsj`.• Jestruddjôe sfcrh i`s cuhe`s gèhr`s.

Hi \fhg` rhmjf ef a`dh ghedjôe ì [hgpifkh Tìfgôe ej ` Ajr`g @cjb y khst`d` buek`ghe-tìhs ` kfs phrsfeòhs? Hudijkhs, hi mhôghtr` mrjh-mf ìhoèkrjef khi sjmif JJJ `D y ì Efê cçcijdf.

Shi`t` quh hi mrhgjf sh hst`cihdjô he Zfrn hehi :32 32 còf hi p`trfdjejf khi \rçedjph Hkwje,

32 Eft` khi dffrkje`kfr? Rê`sh i`s Dfestjtudjfehs khZfrn he hsth gjsgf eÿghrf

ahrgèf, ghkjf ahrgèf f sfcrjef khi rhy@thistaè.

Dfe ifs k`tfs kjdafs, gudafs ajstfrj`kfrhsg`sôejdfs `bjrgè kfs pfstui`kfs kh mrè jgpfr-tèdj` he duètf ` puetfs kh khc`th dfestèth hei` Frkhe?

Hi frjmhe d`tôijdf f drhyheth kh i` G`sfehrç` ` p`rtjr kh if duì sh `bjrg` quh tfk` g`sfehrç` quhef if gèthem` ef shrç` g`sfehrç` ùequh sh ih

p`rhdhrç` y quh i` G`sfehrç` y` hxjstç` dfgf gç-ejgf a`dj` hi `ðf :4< kD, bhda` `prfxjg`k` khirhje`kf khi Shy @tahistè (rhy k Jemi`thrr` hetrh:3; y :4:).

He i` `dtuìjk`k hi gèusdrjtf sjmuh ` shr dfe-shrv`kf he hi Gushf crjtàejdf.

B`dsçgji khi gèusdrjtf Shmjus, prjghrfs vhr-sfs khi gjsgf



33

Hi gèusdrjtf Shmjus

@quç dfgjhezè ifs hst`tutfs khi `rth kh i`

mhfghtrç` shmÿe Hudijkhs

Pujhequjhr` quh cjhe khshh ihhr y cusd`r,\fkrà aìi`r hsdrjtf he ue vjhof ijcrfKh mrèkhs shðfrhs y k`g`s i` ajstfrj`,Puh, djhrt`gheth, gudafs ajofs theçè>\hrf ef pfshçè tjhrr`s p`r` vjvjr kh hii`s,

Ej he i` djuk`k, ej he ifs d`gpfs f ifs cfsquhs>Xe dfeshof ihs kjhrfe ` tfkfs hiifs?\`r` khdjkjr he cjhe kh hstfs ejðfs,@dhrd` kh dôgf pfkrçè mè`rsh i` vjk`Tje mrèkhs pheurj`s, dujt`s ej iuda`s>Z t`gcjêe p`r` i` guitjtuk quh iihm`rà,@imuefs kh hiifs buhrfe hevj`kfs

@ cusd`r mrèkhs diêrjmfs,\`r` quh ihs heshð`rè cuhefs fbjdjfs>Z efs ihs rfm`gfs, pfr hi `gfr kh euhstrf Thðfr,\`r` quh euhstrfs ajofs hedfetr`rè tr`còf,Z pukjhrè `sç mè`rsh i` vjk`,Kh bfrg` afehst` y guy shmur`.Z` he `quhiifs tjhgpfs, pfr i` cuhe` mhfghtrç`,Hsth afehstf fbjdjf quh hs i` g`sfehrç`Buh frkhe`kf y drh`kf kh tì gèhr`,Dfedhcjkf pfr tfkfs hstfs diêrjmfs>Mr`dj`s ` sus fr`djfehs hiifs jevhet`rfe

I` mhfghtrç`.Z ih kjhrfe hi efgcrh kh g`sfehrç`@i gàs afer`kf kh tfkfs ifs fbjdjfs.Ifs ajofs kh hstfs shðfrhs sh `pijd`rfeHe hi `prhekjzòh khi fbjdjf kh i` mhfghtrç`,If duì ajdjhrfe guy dujk`kfs`gheth>I` fr`djôe kh ifs p`krhs, y t`gcjêe kh i`s g`krhs,Ihs pusf he hsth afer`kf fbjdjf,Z `quhi quh ghofr if `prhekç`, y hr` afehstf,Z suphr`c` he `thedjôe ` sus dfgp`ðhrfs,Tj he hsth fbjdjf ihs `vhetò`c`,

Khcç` shr gàs afer`kf quh hi ÿitjgf.Hsth mrè diêrjmf sh ii`g`c` Hudijkhs,Tu efgcrh hr` dfefdjkf he tfkf hi guekf.\hrf hsth mrè diêrjmf frkheô@ qujhe gàs hihv`kf hst`c` he hsth mr`kf,Puh khcç` heshð`r ` ifs gàs sjgpihs kh hspçrjtu\`r` shr phrbhdtf he hsth afer`kf fbjdjf>Z `sç khcçè jestrujrsh hi uef ì ftrf,Z `g`rsh ouetfs dfgf ahrgèf y ahrgè`.[`gcjêe frkheô quhG`hstrf khcç` shr ii`g`kf>

@ bje kh quh buhr` gàs afer`kf,Khcç` shr `sç hetfedhs tr`t`kf>

\hrf o`gàs g`sfehs khche ii`g`r ` ftrf,

He hi shef khi fbjdjf hetrh hiifs, Ej suohtf, ej shrvjkfr, gj quhrjkf ahrgèf,@uequh sh` ghefs phrbhdtf quh ftrf>D`k` uef ii`g`rà ` ifs khgàs dfgp`ðhrfs dfe`gjst`k,\uhs kh efcihs k`g`s aè e`djkf.Kh hst` bfrg`, pfr i` cuhe` djhedj` kh i` mhfgh-trç`,Dfghezô hi fbjdjf kh i` g`sfehrç`>@sç buekô hi diêrjmf Hudijkhs,Hsth fbjdjf kh mhfghtrç` he tjhrr`s kh Hmjptf.He Hmjptf ` tfkfs if heshðô,Z he kjstjetfs p`çshs kh tfk`s p`rths,Kurèth gudafs `ðfs, shmÿe ah fçkf,@eths kh quh hi fbjdjf iihm`r` ` hsth p`çs.

* * *

Hsth fbjdjf iihmô ` Jemi`thrr`, dfgf fs ah kjdaf,He ifs kç`s khi cuhe rhy @khistfeus>Ajzf hetfedhs dfestrujr guda`s d`s`s he hi cfs-quh,Z ìtfs thgpifs kh mrè rhefgcrh,\`r` mfz`r kh hiifs kç` y efdah.Hsth cuhe shðfr `g`c` gudaf hi fbjdjf,Z qujsf ghofr`r tfk`s sus p`rths,\fr i`s guda`s bìt`s quh he êi hedfetrô.Hevjô ` tr`vês khi p`çsKhdjr ` tfkfs ifs g`sfehs khi fbjdjf,

Rhejr ` êi sje t`rkèz`,\`r` heghek`r ouetfs tìhs khbhdtfsDfe cuhefs dfeshofs, sj buhr` pfsjcih.Xe cuhe mrupf rhuejô hetfedhsKh kjvhrsfs shðfrhs, he su rèmf,Kuquhs, dfekhs y t`gcjêe c`rfehs,D`cìihrfs, hsdukhrfs y gudafs ftrfs,Z ifs mrèkhs curmuhshs kh i` djuk`k,D`k` uef he su prfpjf rèmf>@iiç hst`cè tfkfs ouetfs,\`r` buek`r hi hst`tutf kh ifs g`sfehs.

Dfe tfkf su hspçrjtu cusd`cèDôgf pfkrçè shr mfchre`kfs>Pujedh rtçduifs qujsjhrfe prfkudjr,Z ftrfs qujedh puetfs buhrfe drh`kfs.

@quç dfgjhez` hi `rtçduif prjghrfHi prjghr `rtçduif kh hst` mhfghtrç`?Hi g`hstrf g`sôe khch shr kjmef kh dfebjèz`@ i` vhz dfestèth, ihì y sjedhrf,Z o`gàs thekrà e`k` quh i`ghet`r>Z p`m`rà ` sus dfgp`ðhrfs shmÿe hi dfsth

Kh i`s vjtuìi`s, quh tÿ cjhe dfefdhs>Z pàmìhs oust`gheth, y kh cuhe` bh,If quh puhkè ghrhdhr>



34

Z hvjt`, pfr `gfr f pfr thgfr,Puh ejemue` kh i`s p`rths `dhpth vhetò`s,

Ej khi shðfr ej khi dfgp`ðhrf, sh` duì sh`,Kh hiifs ef `dhpths ejemÿe tjpf kh prhchek`s>Z dfgf ue ouhz gètheth çethmrf,Z hetfedhs ` `gcfs a`ràs cuhe khrhdaf>Z he vhrk`k a`z hstf ìià kfekh th heduhetrhs,[u afefr, tu prfvhdaf, shrà hi ghofr.

@rtçduif shmuekfHi shmuekf `rtçduif kh cuhe` g`sfehrç`,Dfgf vfs khcêjs hethekhr hsphdjìgheth,Puh tfkf g`hstrf, quh sh` g`sôe,Khch `sjstjr ` i` `s`gcih` mhehrì,\`r` if duì ih shrà dfguejd`kfHi ium`r he quh sh dhihcr`rà.Z ` hst` `s`gcih` khch `dukjr,Tìvf sj a`y ue` hxdus` r`zfe`cih,

F sh` khsfchkjheth ì fbjdjf,F sh `cèkfeh ` i` ghetjr`,F hstê tè mr`vhgheth hebhrgfPuh ef puhk` vhejr ` hii`>Êst` hs ue` hxdus` cuhe` y vàijk`,\`r` hst` `s`gcih`, sj hs sjedhr`.

@rtçduif thrdhrfHe vhrk`k, hi thrdhr `rtçduif hsPuh hi g`hstrf ef tfgh `prhekjz,Tìvf sj puhkh shmur`rih ifo`gjhetf

Dfe êi pfr sjhth `ðfs, dfgf fs kjmf,\`r` `prhekhr su fbjdjf, y quh ih sh` kh prfvhdaf>He ghefs tjhgpf ef shrà `ptf

Ej prfvhdafsf p`r` su shðfr, ej p`r` êi,Dfgf pfkêjs dfgprhekhr pfr cuhe` r`zôe.

@rtçduif du`rtfHi du`rtf `rtçduif êsth khch shr,Puh hi g`hstrf khch vjmji`r,He ef tfg`r ` ue sjhrvf dfgf `prhekjz,

Ej hgcùd`rih pfr su prfpjf cjhe>

\uhs hi shðfr ì quh hstà ijm`kfCjhe puhkh cusd`r prhekjz kfekh qujhr`.Tj he i` ifmj` buhr` heshð`kfGudaf khsfrkhe pfkrç` dùs`r,Z he tì d`sf pfkrç` fdurrjrPuh ìmuefs sh hetrjsthdjhrè, f tfkfs.\uhs tfkfs ifs g`sfehs quh shràe[fkfs uejkfs hst`ràe.Tj ue sjhrvf he hi fbjdjf phrgèhdjhsh,Kh kjvhrsfs khsôrkhehs fs pfkrç` a`ci`r?\`r` thehr p`z, y afehstjk`k,

[fg`k ue `prhekjz kh ghofr dfekjdjôe.He ue ètjmuf hsdrjtf heduhetrfPuh hi `prhekjz khch shr kh efcih e`djgjhetf>

Z `sç, guda`s vhdhs, ajofs kh mrèkhs shðfrhsAè `kfpt`kf hst` mhfghtrç`, quh hs guy cuhe`.

@rtçduif qujetfHi qujetf `rtçduif hs guy cuhef,Puh hi `prhekjz sh` kh ihmçtjgf e`djgjhetf>Hi g`hstrf ef khch, còf ejemÿe prhthxtf,[fg`r ue `prhekjz quh sh` khbfrgh>Hiif sjmejbjd`, dfgf vhrêjs,Puh tfkfs sus gjhgcrfs hstêe hethrfs>\`r` hi fbjdjf shrç` mrè vhrmùhez`,Bfrg`r ` ue afgcrh hstrfph`kf, f ` ue dfof,\uhs ue afgcrh jgphrbhdtf kh e`djgjhetfThrç` pfdf ÿtji ì fbjdjf.D`k` uef puhkh dfgprhekhrif,Hi fbjdjf qujhrh afgcrhs pftheths,Z ue afgcrh gutji`kf ef tjheh buhrz`,Dfgf s`cêjs khskh a`dh tjhgpf.

@rtçduif shxtf@i shxtf `rtçduif ef khcêjs bìt`r,Puh hi g`hstrf ef phroukjquh ` su shðfr,[fgèkf khi shðfr p`r` hi `prhekjz,[ètf dfgf rhdjche sus dfgp`ðhrfs, he tfkf,\uhs he hsth fbjdjf sh aè phrbhddjfe`kf,\hrf `ÿe ef hi `prhekjz, dfgf dfgprhekhrêjs,@sç quh shrç` dfetr`rjf ` i` cuhe` r`zôeK`r jmuì sì`rjf ` êi y ` ifs dfgp`ðhrfs.Hsth gjsgf `rtçduif, he tì d`sf,

Frkhe` quh hi `prhekjz mèh ghefsPuh sus dfgp`ðhrfs, quh sfe phrbhdtfs.He kjvhrsfs puetfs, s`chk he d`gcjf,Puh hi g`hstrf puhkh jestrujr ` su `prhekjz,\`r` quh su sì`rjf drhzd` ràpjk`gheth,Z èths kh quh a`y` thrgje`kf su `prhekjzòhTu sì`rjf a`crà he gudaf ghofr`kf.

@rtçduif sêptjgfHi sêptjgf `rtçduif, quh y` hstà `quç,Fs kjrà ` tfkfs vfsftrfs,

Puh ejemÿe g`hstrf, ej pfr b`vfr ej pfr gjhkf,Khch vhstjr f ìjghet`r ` ejemÿe i`krôe.O`gàs ìchrm`rà ` ejemuef kh hiifs,

Ej ` qujhe a`y` g`t`kf ` ue afgcrh, Ej ` qujhe them` gì` rhput`djôe,\uhs tr`hrà vhrmùhez` ì fbjdjf.

@rtçduif fdt`vfHi fdt`vf `rtçduif efs guhstrÌf quh hi g`hstrf tjheh khrhdaf ` a`dhr.Tj hgpih` ` ue afgcrh khi fbjdjf,

Z ef hs tè phrbhdtf dfgf khcjhr`,\uhkh sje t`rkèz` rhhgpi`z`rif,Z tfg`r he su ium`r ` ue afgcrh gàs phrbhdtf.



3;

\fr jgprukhedj`, ue afgcrh `sç\fkrç` khsafer`r hi fbjdjf.

@rtçduif efvhefGuy cjhe guhstr` hi efvhef `rtçduifPuh hi g`hstrf khch shr buhrth y s`cjf>Puh ef hgprhek` ejemue` fcr`Puh ef puhk` `d`c`r y rhìjz`r>Z quh sh` prfvhdafsf ` sus shðfrhs,@sç dfgf ` su fbjdjf, ìiç kfekh v`y`.Z quh i`s fcr`s hstêe cjhe dfestrujk`s,\`r` quh ej bjsur`s ej crhda`s a`y`.

@rtçduif kêdjgfHi kêdjgf `rtçduif sjrvh p`r` a`dhr s`chr,@ tfkfs ifs khi fbjdjf, mrèkhs f gfkhstfs,Puh ejemÿe g`hstrf khch ` ftrf supièt`r,Tjef hst`r ouetfs dfgf ahrgè` y ahrgèf.

He hsth fbjdjf sjemui`r, tfkfs, uefs y ftrfs,[r`còè p`r` ue g`hstrf g`sôe. Ef khch êi supièt`r ` ejemÿe afgcrhPuh hed`rm`kf hstê kh ue tr`còf.Hi d`stjmf pfr hiif hs guy kurf,

Ef vìh ghefs kh kjhz ijcr`s,@ ghefs quh sh` aìi`kf duip`cih@quhi quh prjghrf theç` hi tr`còf.\uhs ejemÿe afgcrh he g`sfehrç`Khch supièt`r ` ftrf jgpuehgheth,Tìvf sj kh tì gèhr` a` dfestrujkf

Puh i` fcr` sh rhkudh ` e`k`>\uhkh hetfedhs ue g`sôe phkjr hsth tr`còf,\`r` ef phroukjd`r ì shðfr>He tì d`sf, sj fdurrjhr`,

Ejemÿe g`sôe sh fpfekrç`.He vhrk`k, qujhe a` dfghez`kf i`s fcr`s,Tj hs ue g`sôe aàcji y sôijkf,[jheh i` shmurjk`k he su hspçrjtuKh iihv`r i` fcr` ` cuhe bje.

@rtçduif uekêdjgf

Hi uekêdjgf `rtçduif, th if kjmf yf,Hs ` i` vhz oustf y ijcrh>\uhs heshð`, dfe bjrghz`,Puh ejemÿe g`sôe khch tr`cò`r kh efdah,@ ghefs kh khkjd`rsh ì hstukjf,\fr hi duì pfkrà ghofr`r.

@rtçduif kufkêdjgfHi kufkêdjgf `rtçduif hs kh mrè afer`khz\uhs tfkf g`sôe, ìià kfekh sh heduhetrh,

Ef khch khsprhdj`r hi tr`còf kh sus dfgp`ðhrfs

Tj qujhrh gèthehr su afefr>Dfe afehst`s pì`cr`s if `prfc`rà,Mr`dj`s ì hspçrjtu quh Kjfs ih a` k`kf>

\hrf ghofràekfif dfe tfkf tu pfkhr,Tje ejemue` kuk` hetrh ifs kfs.

@rtçduif khdjgfthrdhrfHi `rtçduif trhdh, quh Kjfs gh `yukh,Hs quh sj hi g`hstrf tjheh ue `prhekjz,Ih heshð`rà kh gèhr` dfgpiht`,\`r` quh guda`s dfs`s puhk` `prhekhrZ `sç ghofr dfefzd` hi fbjdjf,@iiç kfekh v`y` còf hi sfi.

@rtçduif khdjgfdu`rtfHi rtçduif d`tfrdh, dfe cuhe`s r`zfehs,Guhstr` ì g`hstrf dôgf `dtu`r>

Ef khch tfg r `prhekjz@ ghefs kh thehr kjvhrs`s t`rh`s pfr dugpijr,\`r` quh puhk`, gjhetr`s kurhe,@prhekhr gudaf kh êi.

@rtçduif khdjgfqujetfHi khdjgfqujetf `rtçduif hs hi ÿitjgf>\uhs p`r` hi g`hstrf hs ue `gjmf>Ih heshð` quh a`dj` ejemÿe afgcrhKhch kfpt`r ue bìsf dfgpfrt`gjhetf,

Ej shmujr ` sus dfgp`ðhrfs he hi hrrfr,\fr gudafs cjhehs quh puhk` dfeshmujr>

Ej phrgjtjr quh a`mè bìsfs our`ghetfs,\fr dujk`kf kh sus ìg`s,Tf phe` kh `tr`hr i` vhrmùhez` ì fbjdjf,

Z sfcrh sç gjsgf ue` shvhr` duip`.

Kjvhrsfs hst`tutfsHe hst` s`gcih` ftrfs puetfs buhrfe kfpt`kfs,\fr mrèkhs shðfrhs, y t`gcjêe g`hstrfs,Puh hi quh qujhr` dfefdhr hsth fbjdjf y `cr`z`rif,Khch `g`r ` Kjfs y ` i` sèt` Jmihsj` sjhgprh,Z ` su g`hstrf t`gcjêe, pfr if quh hs,@iià kfekh v`y`, pfr d`gpfs y cfsquhs,Z `g` t`gcjêe ` tus dfgp`ðhrfs,\uhs hs if quh tu fbjdjf qujhrh quh a`m`s.

\uetf shmuekfHi shmuekf puetf fs vfy ` khdjr,Puh hi g`sôe tr`còh hi kç` i`cfr`cih[è dfedjhezuk`gheth dfgf puhk`,@ bje kh ghrhdhr su sì`rjf hi kç` kh khsdèsf,\uhs qujhe vhrk`khr`gheth a` ahdaf su tr`còfGhrhdh thehr su rhdfgphes`

\uetf thrdhrfHi thrdhr puetf khch shr shvhrf

Dfe hi `prhekjz, s`chkif cjhe,Hi dfeshof kh su g`hstrf khch mu`rk`r y fduit`r,Z hi kh sus dfgp`ðhrfs, kh cuhe tìèth>



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Kh ifs shdrhtfs kh i` dàg`r` ` e`kjh a`ci`rà, Ej kh i` ifmj`, sh a`m` if quh sh a`m`>@uequh drh`s quh khchs a`dhrif,@ e`kjh kjm`s kôekh v`s>I`s pì`cr`s kh i` sì`, y t`gcjêe i`s khi cfsquh,Muàrkì`s cjhe, pfr tu afefr,Kh if dfetr`rjf sfcrh tj hi d`stjmf d`hrà,Z ì fbjdjf mrèkh vhrmùhez` tr`hràs.

\uetf du`rtfHi du`rtf puetf efs heshð`,Puh ejemÿe afgcrh ` su fbjdjf shrà jebjhi>Hrrfr ìmuef ih hetrhthekràDfetr` hi fbjdjf, puhs ` êi rheuedj`rà,Z ejemÿe phroujdjf dùs`rà@ su g`hstrf, ej ` su dfgp`ðhrf>Z ùequh hi `prhekjz sh` tr`t`kf dfe rhsphtf,Tjhgprh hstà sfghtjkf ` i` gjsg` ihy.

\uetf qujetfHi qujetf puetf hs, sje kuk`,Puh duèkf hi g`sôe dfcrh su p`m`Khi g`hstrf, quh êi `trjcuy`,Augjikhgheth dhpt`k` khch shr>Tje hgc`rmf oustf hs quh hi g`hstrf,@eths khi ghkjfkç`, ih `kvjhrt` bfrgìghethTj ef tjheh jethedjôe kh hgpih`rih,Dfgf et`ðf sh dfstugcr`c` a`dhr>Dfetr` hst` frkhe ef puhkh rhchi`rsh,

Tj rhbihxjfe` cjhe, hs he su jethrês.

\uetf shxtfHi shxtf puetf khch shr cjhe dfefdjkf,Kh tfkfs, mrèkhs y gfkhstfs,\uhs ue tì d`sf puhkh fdurrjr>Puh hetrh ìmuefs g`sfehs, sj ef tfkfs,\fr hevjkj` u fkjf gfrtì,Hstìih ue` mrè phih`.Hetfedhs khch hi g`sôe, sj puhkh,Dfevfd`r ` `gc`s p`rths ue kç` bjo`kf>

\hrf hsth kç` ef a`ràe i`s p`dhs,@eths kh bjeìjz`r i` ofre`k` kh tr`còf>Xe kç` kh phrgjsf khcêjs hedfetr`r\`r` k`r fpfrtuejk`k ` i` rhdfedjij`djôe,\fr thgfr ` quh sjhekf ue kç` i`cfr`cihI` kjsput` ihs jgpjk` tr`cò`r>A`dhk kh gèhr` quh `d`ch i` rjð`,\`r` quh phrgèhzdè he i` ihy kh Kjfs.

\uetf sêptjgfHi sêptjgf puetf cjhe pfkrç` khdjr,

Dfgf tè i`rm` hs i` vjk` quh hi Thðfr efs k`,Z `sç di`r`gheth sh rhdfefdh,Puh ef y`dhràs dfe i` guohr kh tu g`hstrf,

Ej kh tu dfgp`ðhrf, kh ejemue` gèhr`,Còf phe` kh jedurrjr he hi khsprhdjf khi fbjdjf>

Ej dfe i` dfeducje` kh tu dfgp`ðhrf,@sç dfgf ef quhrrç`s quh if ajdjhr` dfe i` tuy`.Hi d`stjmf pfr hiif, sàchif cjhe,Hs phrgèhdhr kh `prhekjz pfr sjhth `ðfs dfgpih-tfs,Pujhe bìth ` ue` kh hst`s prhsdrjpdjfehsKhch shr hetfedhs d`stjm`kf>\uhs mrè prhfdup`djôe pfkrà e`dhrKh tè fkjfsf phd`kf gfrtì.

\uetf fdt`vfHi fdt`vf puetf hs, shmurf,Puh uequh imÿe d`rmf a`y`s rhdjcjkf,@ tu g`hstrf quhk` bjhigheth sfghtjkf,\uhs o`gàs i`ghet`ràs hsth puetf>Xe bjhi ghkj`kfr khchs shr

Hetrh tu g`hstrf y tus dfgp`ðhrfs ijcrhs>A`z ihìgheth duètf puhk`sA`dj` `gc`s p`rths, y êst` hs cuhe` oustjdj`.

\uetf efvhefHi efvhef puetf sh kjrjmh ` `quhiPuh hs hi jethekheth kh euhstr` sì`>Tj fs hedfetràjs ouetfs he i` dàg`r`Thrvçfs uef ì ftrf dfe dìg`k` ìhmrç`>Mhetjihs dfgp`ðhrfs, khcêjs s`chrif,D`k` uef a` kh shr jethekheth pfr turefs,

Thgè` tr`s shgè`, sje ejemue` kuk`,[fkfs ` su vhz jethekheths khche shr,\`r` shrvjrsh uefs ftrfs, g`cihgheth,Dfgf sj buhrè ahrgèf y ahrgè`>

E`kjh sh phrgjtjrà ifs m`stfs kh ftrf, Ej sh ijcr`rà kh hiifs he su chehbjdjf,\uhs d`k` afgcrh thekrà i` gjsg` ijchrt`kHe hsth d`rmf, dfgf khch shr>Gjr` kh p`m`r sjhgprh ` tfkf afgcrh@ qujhe a`y`s dfgpr`kf i`s vjtuìi`s,@ bje kh quh ef th a`m` ejemue` rhdi`g`djôe,

Ej ` tus dfgp`ðhrfs, he du iqujhr mr`kf>@ tfkf afgcrh f guohr, sh` qujhe sh`,\`m` cjhe y afehst`gheth, `sç if quhrhgfs>@ tus dfgp`ðhrfs k`ràs duhet` hx`dt`Khi cuhe p`mf quh a`s ahdaf,\fr thgfr ` ghthrihs he ue `prjhtf,Z kh hxpfehrihs ` i` vhrmùhez`.Tjhgprh duhet`s khchs k`rKh tfkfs ifs cjhehs `kqujrjkfs,Kh ifs m`stfs quh a`m`s he cjhe kh tus dfgp`ðh-rfs,

Khi ium`r, i`s djrduestèdj`s y hi usf>Hst`s duhet`s khchs k`rDuèkf th if pjkè tus dfgp`ðhrfs.



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\uetf kêdjgfHi kêdjgf puetf guhstr` i` cuhe` vjk`,Dôgf vjvjr sje prhfdup`djfehs ej phih`s>Tj hi g`sôe iihv` ue` gì` vjk`,Z he su tr`còf ef hs afer`kf,Z cusd` gì`s hxdus`s,Jeoust`gheth pfkràe sus dfgp`ðhrfs kjb`g`r,Z pfr tìhs jeb`ghs dìugej`s@tr`hr i` vhrmùhez` sfcrh hi fbjdjf.Tj `sç ` êsth khsafer`,

Ef ih khcêjs b`vfr ìmuef, Ej gèthehrih he su gì` vjk`,\fr gjhkf ` d`hr he br`d`sf y dfebijdtf>\hrf ef ih khjs pi`zf ìmuefA`st` ef a`chrih djt`kf@ dfgp`rhdhr kôekh cjhe fs p`rhzd`>He hi ium`r `dfrk`kf, kh mr`kf f pfr buhrz`,@ i` prôxjg` `s`gcih` ih dfevfd`rêjs,

\`r` dfgp`rhdhr eth sus dfgp`ðhrfs>Z sj rhda`z` ìiç `dukjr,Th ih a`rà rheuedj`r ì fbjdjf>D`stjm`kf shrà shmÿe i` ihyPuh buh hst`cihdjk` he ifs tjhgpfs ètjmufs.

\uetf uekêdjgfHi uekêdjgf puetf hs kh cuhe` kjsdrhdjôe,Dfgf pfkrêjs dfgprhekhr pfr cuhe` r`zôe>Xe g`sôe quh dfefdh cjhe su fbjdjf,Puh ` su dfgp`ðhrf vh tìi`r ue` pjhkr`,

Z quh ` puetf hstà kh rfgphri`,A` kh dfmhri` tè prfetf puhk`,Z gfstr`rih dôgf dfrrhmjri`>\`r` quh i` fcr` khi shðfr ef sh hstrfphh,Guêstrìh kuidhgheth dôgf dfrrhmjri`,Dfe cuhe`s pì`cr`s, quh Kjfs th mu`rkh>\fr hi `gfr kh qujhe gfr` he if ìtf,Dfe kuidhs pì`cr`s eutrh su `gjst`k.

\uetf kufkêdjgfHi kufkêdjgf puetf hs kh mrè ùtfrjk`k,

@iiç kfekh i` `s`gcih` sh dhihcr`rà,A`crà g`hstrfs, y dfgp`ðhrfs t`gcjêe,Z ftrfs gudafs mrèkhs shðfrhs>Hst`rà hi ouhz kh i` dfg`rd`,Z t`gcjêe hi ìdìkh kh i` vjii`,Z a`crà d`cìihrfs y hsdukhrfs,Z `khgàs g`mjstr`kfs, dfgf vhrêjs>[fk`s i`s frkheèz`s quh ìiç sh `kfptheTh aè `dfrk`kf p`r` shr rhspht`k`s>Dfetr` duìqujhr afgcrh, sh` qujhe sh`,Puh phrthehzd` ì fbjdjf chiif y ijcrh,

Tj ìmue` quhrhii` a`dh dfetr` hii`s,Khthejkf shrà y puhstf ` vjmji`r.

\uetf khdjgfthrdhrfHi khdjgfthrdhr puetf rhqujhrh kh tfk` euhstr`vfiuet`k,Êi our`rà ef rfc`r o`gàs,

Ej `yuk`r ` qujhe tr`còh he hsth gì fbjdjf,\fr ejemue` p`rth kh su cftçe,T`chrif khchs, f phd`ràs,

Ej pfr su cjhe, ej pfr hi kh su b`gjij`.

\uetf khdjgfdu`rtfHi khdjgfdu`rtf puetf hs ihy hxdhiheth\`r` `quhi quh còf su thgfr hstê>Xe cuhe y vhrk`khrf our`ghetf khch prhst`r,@ su g`hstrf y dfgp`ðhrfs quh `quç hstàe>[`gcjêe bjhi khch shr, y dfestèth,@ tfk`s i`s frkheèz`s, v`y` kfekh v`y`,Z ` su shðfr ihì ì rhy,\fr hedjg` kh tfkf a` kh shr bjhi.

Tfcrh tfkfs hstfs puetfsKhchs tÿ prhst`r our`ghetf>Z hi gjsgf prhst`rà tfkfsIfs g`sfehs, pfr i`s cuhe`s f pfr i`s gì`s,Tfcrh tfkfs hstfs puetfs,@sç if hst`cihdh ue` hxdhiheth tr`kjdjôe.Z kh d`k` afgcrh `vhrjmu`rèTj ifs pfeh cjhe he pràdtjd`,F sj ìmujhe hs rhdfefdjkf duip`cihTfcrh uef kh hstfs puetfs he p`rtjdui`r>Puh sh ih cusquh, sh` qujhe sh`,

Z quh sh` iihv`kf èth i` `s`gcih`.

\uetf khdjgfqujetfHi khdjgfqujetf puetf hs hxdhiheth tr`kjdjôe,\`r` quhiifs quh aè prhst`kf our`ghetf@ hst` frkheèz`, iihv`k` ` i` `s`gcih`Kh mrèkhs shðfrhs y g`hstrfs, dfgf sh a` kjdaf>\`r` ifs khsfchkjheths, yf if sê,@ i` prhsheth dfestjtudjôe,Z ` ifs `rtçduifs quh aè sjkf prfguim`kfs,\fr mrèkhs shðfrhs y g`sfehs ouetfs,

Z sjhekf sus bìt`s prfc`k`s@eth hst` s`gcih`, dfe dhihrjk`k,Z sj ef qujhrhe dfrrhmjrsh,Khchràe hetfedhs cèkfe`r hi fbjdjf,Z our`r o`gàs vfivhr ` hohrdhrif.Tìvf sj `dhptè heghek`rsh,O`gàs tfg`ràe p`rth he êi>Z sj sh ehm`rè ` hiif,Hi ouhz sje t`rkèz` ifs khthekrà,Z he ue dì`cfzf prfbuekf ifs hedhrr`rà,@ dùs` kh su trèsmrhsjôe,

Z dfebjsd`rà sus cjhehs y su mè`kfHe prfvhdaf khi rhy, he su tftìjk`k,Z tètf tjhgpf ìiç ihs kho`rà



3=

Dfgf pi`zd` ` euhstrf `g`kf rhy.

Hi `rth kh ifs du trf dfrfe`kfsFrhgfs àfr` ì Kjfs Fgejpftheth,Z ` su r`kjèth g`krh G`rç`,@ bje kh quh pfk`gfs shmujr hstfs `rtçduifsZ ifs puetfs, tfkfs ouetfs,Dfgf ajdjhrfe ifs du`trf sètfs gàrtjrhs,Puh he hsth fbjdjf tuvjhrfe mrè hstjg`>Buhrfe hiifs tè cuhefs g`sfehsDfgf puhk` aìi`rsh sfcrh i` tjhrr`,Hsduitfrhs h jg`mjehrfs t`gcjêe hrè,\fr shr kh ifs fcrhrfs ghofrhs,Z he mrè hstjg` hi hgphr`kfr ifs theç`>Khshô êsth quh ajdjhr` ue` hst`tu`Puh he su afefr sh vhehr`r`>[ìhs gfeughetfs he su tjhgpf pfshç`\`r` khsvj`r ì puhcif kh i` ihy kh Drjstf.

\hrf hiifs bjrghs phrgèhdjhrfe he i` ihy kh Drjs-tf,Z sje dfgprfgjsfs he su fbjdjf>@g`cè cjhe ` Kjfs y ` su heshðèz`,Z sh a`cçè vfid`kf ` su shrvjdjf p`r` sjhgprh.He `quhi tjhgpf buhrfe afgcrhs kh vhrk`k,Z rhdt`gheth vjvjhrfe he i` ihy kh Kjfs>Çkfifs sh ehm`rfe ` hrjmjr,Z pfr gudafs chehbjdjfs quh pukjhrè rhuejr>

Ef tfg`rfe ` hsth çkfif pfr su KjfsZ rhda`z`rfe su dfestruddjôe, phsh ` su dôihr`>

\fr ef rhehm`r kh su vhrk`khr` bhZ drhhr he su bìs` ihy,Tje khgfr` hi hgphr`kfr ifs ajzf khthehr,Z he ue` prfbuek` dàrdhi ifs hedhrrô>Gàs druhigheth ihs d`stjm`c`,Gàs he i` mr`dj` kh Kjfs sh rhmfdjo`cè.Rjhekf hetfedhs quh e`k` pfkçÌhs khoô jr ` i` guhrth>Pujhe if khshh, he hi ijcrf puhkh ihhrKh i` ihyhek` kh ifs sètfs,Ifs efgcrhs kh ifs du`trf dfrfe`kfs.

Tu bjhst` hs cjhe dfefdjk` pfr tfkfs,Hi fdt`vf kç` tr`s [fkfs ifs Tètfs.

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Hsduda`k if quh ah ihçkf,Puh gudafs ðfs khspuês, dfe mrè hspètf,Hi kjiuvjf kh Efê buh khshed`khe`kf,I` tfrrh kh C`cjifej` dfghezô ` hrjmjrsh,I` gàs mrèkh fcr` kh dì y pjhkr`Puh o`gàs afgcrh ìmuef a`y` vjstf>

[è ìt` y mrèkh buh phes`k`Puh sjhth gji su ìtur` sfgcr` `rrfo`c`>Hi rhy E`cudfkfefsfr i` ajzf dfestrujr

[è pftheth p`r` i` khbhes` kh sus afgcrhs,Puh sj ue tì kjiuvjf fdurrjhrÌ` fcr` sughrmjr ef pukjhr`>\hrf tè bjhrf frmuiif theçè, y tèt` o`dtèdj`,Puh tfkf hi tr`còf sh phrkjô>Xe àemhi ihs d`stjmô sus ihemu`s kjvjkjhekf,Z `sç eued` gàs uef ì ftrf sh dfgprhekjhrfe.

* * *

Gudafs `ðfs gàs t`rkh, hi cuhe diêrjmf HudijkhsHi fbjdjf kh mhfghtrç` heshðô pfr hi guekf,Z he hsth tjhgpf ajzf t`gcjêeKjvhrsfs fbjdjfs he mrè eÿghrf.\fr i` ìt` mr`dj` khi Drjstf he hi djhifI`s sjhth djhedj`s buek`rfe>Mr`gàtjd` hs i` prjghr`, if sê,Kjìêdtjd` i` shmuek`, gh dfemr`tuif,

Shtôrjd` i` thrdhr`, quh ef sh ejhmuh,Gÿsjd` i` du`rt`, fs if kjmf,@strfefgç` hs i` qujet`, pfr gjs c`rc`s,@rjtgêtjd` i` shxt`, sje kuk` ìmue`,Mhfghtrç` i` sêptjg`, y djhrr` i` ijst`,\uhs hs guy augjikh y dfrtês.He vhrk`k, i` Mr`gàtjd` hs i` r`çz,[fkfs i` `prhekhe he hi ijcrf>\hrf hi `rth suphr` hsth ejvhi,Dfgf khi àrcfi hi brutf hs ghofr quh i` r`çz>I` Shtôrjd` gjkh ue ihemuòh hsghr`kf,

Z i` Gÿsjd` hs ue su`vh dètf>I` @strfefgç` k` hi efgcrh, quhrjkf ahrgèf,I` @rjtgêtjd` khguhstr` quh ue` dfs` hs jmuì `ftr`,I` Mhfghtrç` hs i` djhedj` sêptjg`,Z kjstjemuh i` vhrk`k kh i` ghetjr`, if sê>Pujhe kh hst`s sjhth djhedj`s sh sjrv`,Cjhe puhkh mè`r hi djhif.

* * *

@afr`, gjs quhrjkfs ajofs, thehk cuhe hspçrjtu\`r` `p`rt`r hi frmuiif y i` dfkjdj`,Z `pijd`fs ` cjhe ouzm`r,Z ` cjhe dfekudçfs, ìià kfekh hstêjs.Fs pjkf àfr` guda` `thedjôe,\uhs hstf khcêjs s`chr,\hrf gudaf ghofr `ÿePuh dfgf `quç hstà hsdrjtf.Tj p`r` hiif th bìt` jethijmhedj`,\jkh ` Kjfs quh th i` dfedhk`>\uhs hi gjsgf Drjstf efs heshð`

Puh i` sèt` jmihsj` hs i` d`s` kh Kjfs,Z ef p`r` ftr` dfs` hstà ahda`Tjef p`r` fr`r, dfgf i` Hsdrjtur` efs kjdh>



31

Hs ìiç kfekh hi puhcif khch dfemrhm`rsh\`r` fr`r y iifr`r sus phd`kfs.[r`t` kh ef iihm`r t`rkh ` i` jmihsj`,\fr a`chr thejkf he i` puhrt` pì`cr`s ijchrtje`s>Duèkf ` hii` hstês he d`gjef[he he i` gheth he tfkf jestèthRhehr`r ` tu shðfr Kjfs kç` y efdah,Dfe tfkf tu hspçrjtu, y tfk` tÿ buhrz`.@i iihm`r ` i` puhrt` kh i` jmihsj`[fg`ràs ue pfdf kh `mu` chekjt`,\uhs d`k` mft` quh tfquhsIjgpj`rà ue phd`kf vhejì, sàchif djhrtf.\hrf èths khchs khsducrjr tu d`chz`,\fr hi `gfr kh `quhi quh gurjô he i` druz.Duèkf hetrhs he i` jmihsj`,Hihv` a`dj` Drjstf tu dfr`zôe>@iz` hetfedhs ifs fofs ` i` druz,Z `rrfkçii`th sfcrh i`s kfs rfkjii`s>

Fr` hetfedhs p`r` quh Êi th `yukh ` fcr`rThmÿe i` ihy kh i` sèt` jmihsj`,Z ` mu`rk`r ifs kjhz gèk`gjhetfsPuh Kjfs ` tfkfs ifs afgcrhs ihmô.Z ruêmìh dfe vfz kuidhPuh th ijcrh kh ifs sjhth phd`kfs,@ bje kh quh he hst` vjk` puhk`sGèthehrth ihofs kh prhfdup`djfehs y quhrhii`s>Z quh th kê `khgàs i` mr`dj`\`r` ue ium`r hedfetr`r he i` ch`tjtuk khi djhif.He i` sèt` jmihsj` `cèkfe` i`s pì`cr`s brçvfi`s

Khi ihemuòh i`sdjvf, y i`s crfg`s fcsdhe`s,Z kho` kh i`kf tfk` vèjk`k,Z kj tu \`krh Euhstrf y tu @vh>Rjmji` kh ef a`dhr rujkf,G`s hst`th sjhgprh he fr`djôe>\hrf sj ef qujhrhs rhz`r,

Ef gfihsths ì prôojgf kh ejemue` gèhr`.He hsth ium`r ef hstês ej kh pjh ej shet`kf,Tjef he hi suhif cjhe `rrfkjii`kf,Z duèkf yf ih` hi HvèmhijfÀiz`th, sje `pfy`rth he ifs gurfs,

Z phrsçme`th sj s`chs a`dhrifDuèkf sh hetfeh hi mifrj` tjcj>Z duèkf `d`ch i` ihdtur`,Kh euhvf puhkhs rrfkjii`rth,Z d`hr sfcrh tus kfs rfkjii`s,\fr `gfr ` qujhe ` tfkfs efs a` rhkjgjkf>Z duèkf fjm`s sfe`r i` d`gpè`Puh euedj` hi sètf s`dr`ghetf,Khcêjs `rrfkjii`fs, oôvhehs y vjhofs,Z hihv`r i`s gèfs ì djhif,\`r` hetfedhs khdjr he hst` `dtjtuk,

He vfz cò` y sje a`dhr rujkf?"Thðfr Ohsÿs, sê cjhevhejkf,He bfrg` kh pè, dfgf th vhf,

@afr` Ohsÿs, pfr tu sètf efgcrh,\rftêmhgh khi phd`kf y kh i` duip`>K`gh i` `csfiudjôe y i` dfguejôe,@eths kh quh gh v`y` kh `quç,Z sjedhrf gh `rrhpjhetf kh gjs phd`kfs,@ bje, Thðfr, kh quh o`gàs guhr` he hsth hst`kf>Z tÿ, quh kh ue` vjrmhe a`s e`djkf,

Ef subr`s pfrquh gh a`y` phrkjkf>G`s duèkf kh hsth guekf a`y` p`rtjkf,Ftôrm`gh i` ch`tjtuk sje bje>¡@gêe! ¡@gêe! ¡@sç sh`!Z àfr`, kuidh k`g`, fr`k pfr gç".Ah `quç if quh a`s kh khdjr, f ìmf p`rhdjkf,Duèkf th `rrfkjiihs èth hi s`dr`ghetf.Tj cusd`s tu cjhe, ef àfrrhs e`k`\`r` vhehr`r ` qujhe tfkf if a` drh`kf>\uhs p`r` ue afgcrh hs ue kç` kh ìhmrç`,Puh ue` vhz hsh kç` puhk` vhrih>

Hs ìmf tè prhdjfsf, he vhrk`k,Puh e`kjh puhkh pfehrih prhdjf,\uhs tètf cjhe a`dh hst` vjsjôe.Dfgf kjof sè @mustçe guy oust`gheth,Hi kç` he quh vh`s hi duhrpf kh Kjfs,\fshhràs hst`s dfs`s, dfe tfk` shmurjk`k?Dfghr y chchr if subjdjheth,

E`k` hsh kç` th bìt`rà>Ifs our`ghetfs y vè`s pì`cr`s,Kjfs t`gcjêe th phrkfe`rà>I` guhrth subrjk` hsh gjsgf kç`

He `csfiutf i` a`s kh thghr>Z t`gpfdf hsh kç`, th if prfghtf,\hrkhràs i` vjst`>Z d`k` p`sf quh hetfedhs khs,\`r` vhr hst` sèt` vjsjôe,Thrà dfet`kf ` tu b`vfr,Duèkf kh hiif them`s ehdhsjk`k>Hsth ghesòhrf quh hs hi àemhi M`crjhiHx`dt`gheth ifs dfeshrv`rà.[r`s hstf, afr` puhkf p`s`r@ a`ci`r kh ftrfs chehbjdjfs kh i` gjs`>

Rhe hetfedhs ` i` jmihsj`, sj puhkhs,Z fyh gjs` d`k` kç`>Tj ef puhkhs `dukjr ` i` jmihsj`,@iiç kfekh hstàs tr`còèkf,Duèkf fjm`s sfe`r i` gjs`,Fr` ` Kjfs he hi sjihedjf kh tu dfr`zôe,\`r` quh th kê p`rth he hsth shrvjdjfPuh he i` jmihsj` sh dhihcr`.

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Pujhrf khgàs heshð`rth,Z ` tus dfgp`ðhrfs, fçk hstf,Duèkf èth ue shðfr th prhsheths,



3:

He ue` d`s`, he hi cfsquh f he i` ghs`,I` d`puda` f hi mfrrf khchs qujt`rth,@eths kh hst`r brheth ` êi>Kfs f trhs vhdhs, sje kuk`,@eth hi shðfr khchs jedije`rth>Kfci`ràs t`gcjêe i` rfkjii`,Z thekràs `sç sìvf tu afefr.

Ef th pfem`s hi mfrrf f i` d`pudaÀ`st` quh th kê phrgjsf.[fkf hi tjhgpf quh a`cihs dfe êiHi ghetôe ìtf dfe brèquhz` y `g`cjijk`k gè-têe>@sç, dfgf hi ijcrf th heshð`,Gçrìh ` i` d`r` dfe mhetjihz`.[us pjhs y gèfs the trèqujifs,Tje r`sd`rth, ej trfphz`r, sê aàcji>Hvjt` t`gcjêe hsdupjr y sfe`rth i` e`rjz,Hsphr` ` hst`r sfif p`r` hiif,

Z sj qujhrhs shr s`cjf y kjsdrhtf,Mrè ehdhsjk`k tjhehs kh mfchre`rth.Duèkf hetrhs he i` sì`,Hetrh phrsfe`s cjhe e`djk`s, cuhe`s y dfrths`s,

Ef prhsug`s kh e`k`, Ej kh e`djgjhetf, ej kh tu s`chr, Ej th sjheths ej th `pfyhs,Hs hi sjmef kh ue` cuhe` y `prfpj`k` hkud`djôe.

Ef th khohs iihv r he tu dfekudt ,He vhrk`k i` cuhe` hkud`djôe sìv`rà i` sjtu`djôe.\`krh y g`krh, shè qujhehs shè,

Kjmef hs hi ajof quh `dtÿ` kjme`gheth,He i` sì`, he i` dàg`r`, kfekh th heduhetrhs>I`s cuhe`s gèhr`s a`dhe i afgcrh.\rhst` `thedjôe ì rèmf kh tu prôojgf,\`r` kjrjmjrih i` rhvhrhedj` quh dfevjheh>Hvjt` sìuk`r ` tfkfs ` i` vhz,Hxdhptf sj ihs dfefdhs.Duèkf ` i` ghs` shet`kf hstês,Dfgh dfe mr`dj` y khdfrf>Rjmji` quh tus gèfs hstêe ijgpj`s,Z quh tu dudajiif sh` dfrtèth y `bji`kf,

Z ef dfrths gàs pè p`r` i` vjèk`Puh `quhi quh puhk`s dfghr>Tj `sç `dtÿ`s ouetf ` ue afgcrh kh rèmf suphrjfr,Cjhe hetfedhs a`ràs.Kêoìh quh sh sjrv` prjghrf i` dfgjk`,@eths kh tfd`ri` tÿ.

Ef dfo`s hi ghofr trfzf,@uequh êi th if jekjquh>Gètêe i`s gèfs ijgpj`s y khdheths,\`r` ef thehr quh us`r i` shrvjiiht`>

Ef i` ushs p r` sfe`rth i`s e rjdhs,

Ej th ijgpjhs ifs kjheths he i` ghs`>

Ej gfohs gudaf ifs i`cjfs he i` dfp`,@uequh them`s guda` shk>Hstf th a`rç` i`mrjgh`r,If duì ef hs khg`sj`kf dfrtês.Gjr` kh ef thehr i` cfd` iihe`Duèkf v`y`s ` a`ci`r f ` chchr>Tj vhs quh ìmujhe chchHsdudaèkf tus pì`cr`s,Jethrrugph prfetf tu ajstfrj`,\`r` quh chc` hi vjef f i` dhrvhz`.Rjmji` `khgàs kh ef fbhekhr ` e`kjh,\fr `dajsp`kf quh hstê>Z kh ejemuef gurgurhsTj qujhrhs sìv`r tu afefr>\uhs ièz`r tìhs pì`cr`sHe gfihst` sjtu`djôe th pfekrçè.Shtêe tu gèf he hi puðf\`r` hvjt`r khdjr? "sj if aucjhr` s`cjkf",

He ue sìôe hetrh chii`s k`g`s,@t` tu ihemu` y sê tfkf fofs> Ef rfgp`s he d`rdò`k`s, Ej `rghs oìhf dfgf ue chii`df. Ef crfghhs sj ef hs dfe tus shghoèths,Z ef duheths ` tfkfs if quh a`s fçkf>

Ej th vè`mifrjhs kh tus `dtfs,He crfg` f pfr jethrês>Dfe chiifs kjsdursfs puhkhs rhìjz`r tus khshfs,\hrf t`gcjêe ifs puhkhs hda`r ` phrkhr.Duèkf th heduhetrhs ` ue afgcrh kh vìfr,

Ef khchs iihv`r mfrrf f d`pudaôe>He i` jmihsj`, hi ghrd`kf f hi pôrtjdf,Tìÿkìh shmÿe su rèmf.Tj èk`s dfe ìmujhe kh ue rèmfTuphrjfr ì tuyf,Rhs pfr khtràs kh êi,\uhs hstf hs kh cuhe` hkud`djôe y sje bìt`>Duèkf êi a`cih, hst`th trèqujif,Duèkf `d`ch, kj if quh qujhr`s,He tus pì`cr`s sê kjsdrhtf,Z ` if quh kjm` prhst` `thedjôe>

\hrf ef jethrrugp`s su ajstfrj`,@uequh sh` khcjk` ì vjef, f ` i` dhrvhz`.Puh Drjstf hetfedhs, pfr su mr`dj` dhihstjì,Fs dfedhk` hi hspçrjtu y hi tjhgpf,\`r` dfgprhekhr y ihhr hsth ijcrf,@ bje kh fcthehr he rhdfgphes` hi djhif.

¡@gêe! ¡@gêe! ¡@sç sh`!

Kjm`gfs tfkfs, pfr d`rjk`k.



4<

Kjddjfe`rjf g`sôejdfkhi Kjddjfe`rjf sjgcôijdf kh i` g`sfehrç` kjspfejcih he hi Dhetrf kh rhdursfs kjmjtìhs kh i` M.½.I.½.H.½.

@ JSH .

He hi rjtf kh jejdj`djôe hi dèkjk`tf hs sfgh-tjkf ` du`trf pruhc`s, rhi`djfe`k`s dfe ifs du`trf

hihghetfs khi guekf e`turì -sçgcfifs kh ifsdu`trf guekfs, d`k` duì gàs sutji, quh hi jejdj`-kf a`crà kh phehtr`r he hi prfdhsf jejdjàtjdf-, y `trhs vjòhs -khi `jrh, khi `mu` y khi buhmf. Xe` vhzsuphr`k` hst` shmuek` pruhc` y rhìjz`kf hi prj-ghr vjòh, hi G`hstrf kh i` Ifmj` ih kjdh ì dèkj-k`tf?

Hst` hxphrjhedj` sjgcôijd` dfestjtuyh i` pruh- c` khi @jrh kh ifs ètjmufs Gjsthrjfs, quh vjhehkhspuês kh i` pruhc` kh i` [jhrr` quh a` subrjkf

kurèth su hstèdj` he i` Dàg`r` kh Shbihxjôe.

Hi @jrh y hi Buhmf sfe hihghetfs g`sduijefs,`dtjvfs y sutjihs, fpuhstfs y dfgpihghet`rjfs dfei` [jhrr` y hi @mu`, bhghejefs, p`sjvfs y gàskhesfs.

Hi `jrh, quh rhprhshet` ì guekf jethrghkjfhetrh i` [jhrr` y hi Djhif, sh rhi`djfe` dfe hi sfpifquh k` frjmhe ` i` drh`djôe, dfe hi Rhrcf -i` pì`-

cr` quh sh hxpèkh pfr êi-, dfe hi aàijtf vjtì quh

phrgjth hi khijd`kf hqujijcrjf kh i` vjk` y dfe hivjhetf quh, dfgf hi hspçrjtu, sfpi` kfekh qujhrh.Hs ue sçgcfif shesjcih kh if jevjsjcih. Mr`dj`s `êi sh prfp`mè hi sfejkf, i` iuz y ifs fifrhs. Hs uehihghetf purjbjd`kfr y rhvhi`kfr, he hstrhda` rhi`-djôe sjgcôijd` dfe ifs àemhihs, i`s ì`s, i`s `vhs yhi vuhif.

Hi `jrh sh jkhetjbjd` t`gcjêe dfe i` `spjr`djôey i` hxpjr`djôe dôsgjd`s y dfe hi ìg` khi guekf,

phrbhdt`gheth èàifm`s ì ìg` augè` y ` i`rhspjr`djôe jekjvjkuì, mr`dj`s ` i` duì sh purjbjdì` sèmrh y sh pfsjcjijt` i` vjk`. Z su vjedui`djôedfe i` sèmrh hs rhi`djfe`k` t`gcjêe dfe hi ahdafkh quh ìjghet` y `vjv` hi buhmf khi hspçrjtu.

Tj hi hihghetf [jhrr` jediuyh ` tfkf if sôijkf,hi @mu` hs if içqujkf y hi @jrh if m`shfsf, sçgcfift`gcjêe khi gjsthrjf y kh if fduitf y shdrhtf.

D @I@RHS@.

@i dfgjhezf khi rjtf kh jejdj`djôe ì mr`kf kh@prhekjz hi dèkjk`tf hs jetrfkudjkf he ue `pf-shetf fsdurf, ii`g`kf Dàg`r` kh Shbihxjôe, he hi

quh sh heduhetr` pfr prjghr` vhz dfe v`rjfs fcoh-tfs sjgcôijdfs quh he hi trèsdursf khi prfdhsf khtrèsgut`djôe jràe dfcrèkf gàs y gàs jgpfrtè-

dj` sjgcôijd`. Xef kh ifs gàs sjmejbjd`tjvfs hs i`Dì`vhr`, sçgcfif kh i` Guhrth Jejdjàtjd`.

He tfkfs ifs rjtfs kh jejdj`djôe, tètf he i`ssfdjhk`khs `rd`jd`s dfgf he i`s mrèkhs djvjijz`-djfehs sh rhprhshet` sjgcôijd`gheth ` i` Guhrth,

puhs i` Jejdj`djôe sjhgprh a` sjkf dfesjkhr`k`dfgf i` guhrth khi afgcrh prfbèf y hi e`dj-gjhetf kh ue afgcrh euhvf, tftìgheth rhmhehr`-kf pfr i` `ddjôe khi rjtf y i` mr`dj` khi Dfefdj-gjhetf.

Hi vjòh jejdjàtjdf hs èàifmf ì vjòh pfstgfrthg quh hgprhekh hi ìg` ì gfrjr hi duhrpfbçsjdf> y Ahrghs hs hi \sjdfpfgpf quh dfekudhhs` ìg` kurèth hi rhdfrrjkf quh i` a`crà kh iih-v`r ì guekf kh ifs kjfshs.

He i` G`sfehrç` i` guhrth hs dfesjkhr`k` df-gf ue p`sf, dfgf ue d`gcjf kh hst`kf, y sh i` vhdfgf sjguitàeh` ì e`djgjhetf y i` rhsurrhddjôe.I` guhrth jejdjàtjd` ef hs ue` guhrth ìhmôrjd`, hs

ue` guhrth rhì, puhs ì gfrjr hi afgcrh vjhofguhrhe dfe êi ifs dfekjdjfe`gjhetfs, i`s ijgjt`-djfehs y ifs prhoujdjfs khi shr frkje`rjf, hsdi`vfkh if sudhsjvf, `p`rheth y trèsjtfrjf, y e`dhe i`s

pfsjcjijk`khs kh rhduphr`r i` dfedjhedj` kh hthrej-k`k y i` vhrk`khr` Ijchr`djôe.

Tj hi mrèf kh trjmf ef d`h he i` tjhrr` y guh-rh, quhk`rà sfif> phrf sj guhrh, iihv`rà gudafbrutf. Hi quh `g` su vjk`, i` pjhrkh> phrf hi quh`cfrrhdh su vjk` he hsth guekf, i` mu`rk`rà p`rì` vjk` hthre`. (Ouè 03, 3;-38).

Hs pfr hstf quh hi jejdj`kf, duèkf sìh kh i`Dàg`r` kh Shbihxjôe, hs ii`g`kf Ehôbjtf (pì`cr`quh sjmejbjd` "euhv` pièt`"). I` shgjii`, quh rh-

prhshet` sus pfthedjìjk`khs, a` guhrtf, kèkfium`r ` i` pfsjcjijk`k kh mhrgje`r ` i` euhv` vjk`.

Hs pfr hsf quh hi iqujgjst` kjdh? duèkf ghihvètf kh i` guhrth, g`tf ` i` guhrth quh gh

g`t`



40

\rhmuet`s kh G`sfehrç`

Hi ci`sôe kh i` Mrè Ifmj` Xejk` kh Jemi`th-rr` ¶hs hi gjsgf f a` subrjkf gfkjbjd`djfehs khs-kh su frjmhe6

Shspuhst` ì eÿghrf èthrjfr ¶Pujêe y he quê `ðf shjestùrô i` khefgje`k` pì`cr` shghstrì6I` pì`cr` Thghstrì buh jestjtujk` hi kç` 31 kh fdtucrh

kh 0==4 pfr hi kuquh kh Frihès, he `quhi gfghetf MrèG`hstrf khi Mrè Frjheth kh Brèdj`. @i p`rhdhr, i` jestjtu-djôe kh i` pì`cr` shghstrì surmjô dfgf ghkjf kh bjitr`r ìfs g`sfehs quh sh prhshet`cè he ifmj`s quh ef hrè i`

suy` y he ue` êpfd` kfekh pfkrçè shr hspç`s f jebjitr`kfs.Hst` pì`cr` sh dfguejd`k` he i` Ifmj`, hetrh ifs ahrgèfsy kh fçkf ` fçkf, pfr if quh e`kjh quh ef buhsh kh hs` ifmj`y rhdfefdjkf dfgf ahrgèf pfr hi rhstf theç` gèhr` khdfefdhri`.

EF[@? I` g`yfrç` kh i`s prhmuet`s kh hst` p`rthsh c`sè he hi ijcrf ’Drfefifmç` g`sôejd`‗ khi R.½. A.½.

Htajhi Fg`r D`rths (Drfefifmj` g`sôejd` )

Bftfs y kfdughetfs ètjmufs

[fkfs ifs `rtçduifs pucijd`kfs he hst` rhvjst` if sfe còf ue` ijdhedj` Drh`tjvh Dfggfes, puhkh usthk dfpj`r hkjt`r y/f gfkjbj-d`r hi dfethejkf kh duìqujhr` kh hiifs sjhgprh y duèkf djth i` buheth frjmjeì

Hg`ji khi dffrkje`kfr? rhtìhskhg`sfehrj`Lmg`ji.dfg

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Retales de Masoneria 019