Risk of Zika Virus while Pregnant

8/17/2019 Risk of Zika Virus while Pregnant

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Zika Virus & PregnancyGroup 6


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What is the Zika Virus?

● The virus resides in the saliva of the mosquito and thus transfers

through bites

○ Aedes Afrıcanus mosquıto

● This virus causes skin rashes, fatigue, headaches, aches, and less

fevers & chills

● In pregnant women the virus can affect their baby if they are in th

of development

● Its effect on developing babies is what causes the most concern fo


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What is the Zika Virus? (cont.)

● Some reports claim that females will have

the virus in their system for 2 months and up to 2 years in

males

Related viruses include...

● Chikungunya

○ Found in the Americas in 2013

○ fever and joint pain○ no vaccine

● Dengue

○ leading cause of illness/death○ in the tropics and subtropics○ ~ 400 million people infected yearly

○ no vaccine

Res


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Background on How the Zika Virus Origin

● 1947: Zika Virus first discovered in Uganda’s Zika

forest in Rhesus monkeys

● 1948: Zika virus found in Aedes Africanus mosquito

● 1952: First cases of humans with Zika occurred in

Uganda

● 1969-1983: Zika spreads into Asia and Africa


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Background on How the Zika Virus Origina

● 2007: First Zika epidemic occurs in the Pacific Island of Yap

● 2013-2014: Major Zika epidemic occurs in French Polynesia, Eas

Cook Island and New Caledonia

● 2015-2016: Zika Virus spreads to Latin America

and becomes a Public Health Emergency of

International Concern


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Who is Susceptible? How is it Transmitteis at Risk?

● The Zika Virus is primarily transmitted through the biteof an infected Andes Africanus mosquito.

● Everyone is susceptible to this virus however symptoms

can be mild, causing few to seek medical attention.

● Only in cases of pregnancy, we see severe long term

effects of the virus


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Effects of Disease Transmission

● One in five people infected with the Zika virus will become ill and

symptoms

● Most common symptoms: fever, rash, joint pain or conjunctivitis (

● Pregnant women who have been infected with the virus run the ri

it to their unborn child through their blood

● Mıcrocephaly (abnormal head size associated with incomplete bradevelopment) has been linked to the Zika virus

● Although the effects on adults are minor, the Zika virus can have

developmental consequences


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Resource: Centers for Disease Co

Prevention, National Center on B

and Developmental Disabilities


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Does Your Repellant Fit the Criteria?

Your repellant must contain at least ONE of these active ıngredıents:

● DEET

● Picaridin

● IR3535

● Oil of lemon eucalyptus

● Para-menthane-diol.

OR

● Use EPA Registered mosquito repellant to certify protection from mosquito


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Preventative Measurements for the Zika V

● Apply EPA Registered Insect Repellant onto skin (Do not apply o

under 2 months old)

● Apply Permethrin to treat clothing and repel mosquitos

● Wear protection when engaging in sexual intercourse

● Wear long sleeved clothing to prevent mosquito bites.

● Use door screens and mosquito netting in homes

● Avoid blood-to-blood contact


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What To Do Once Infected With Zika

● To reduce the symptoms of fever and pain take acetaminophen (T

instead of aspirin, if you are not sure if you have dengue, as aspiri

bleeding

● Stay hydrated

● Rest

● Avoid getting bitten by mosquitos, to prevent

further spreading of Zika


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Transtheoretical Model + Zika Virus

1. Precontemplation:

a. Pregnant individual before she plans a trip to Latin America. She has never he

virus and is not concerned.

2. Contemplation:

a. “My friend told me about the prevalence of the Zika virus in Latin America an

concerned about my health and my baby’s health”.

3. Preparation:a. Pregnant individual does research on how to prevent getting infected with the

4. Action:a. Pregnant individual wears Zika virus bug repellent and protective clothing.

5. Maintenance:a. Pregnant individual gets regular screenings for the Zika virus after trip.


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Interactive Demonstration

We need five volunteers from the audience toplay these roles:

1. Bug Spray

2. Pregnant Woman (or) Innocent Bystander

3. Mosquito

4. Zika Virus5. Baby


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Scenario #1

What is one possible way that I can become infected with the Zika viru


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Scenario #2

What is one way I can avoid getting infected with the Zika virus?


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Scenario #3

If I am infected, what is one way that I can transfer the virus to anoth


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References:

Besnard, M., Lastère, S., Teissier, A., Cao-Lormeau, V., & Musso, D. (2014). Evidence of Perinatal transmission

Polynesia, December 2013 and February 2014. Euro Surveıll, 19(13), 20751.

Bogatyreva, Anna. Antı-Mosquıto Sıgn. Digital image. 12RF. 12RF, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2016.

Ginier, M., Neumayr, A., Günther, S., Schmidt-Chanasit, J., & Blum, J. (2016). Zika without symptoms in returni

are the implications. Travel Medıcıne and Infectıous Dısease.

Kindhauser, Mary Kay, Tomas Allen, Veronika Frank, Ravi Shankar Santhana, and Christopher Dye. "Zika: The O

a Mosquito-borne Virus." Bulletin of the World Health Organization Bull. World Health Organ. (2016): n.

"Prevention." Centers for Dısease Control and Preventıon. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 28 Mar. 20

2016.

Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. (2016). Zika and Microcephaly in Latin America: an emerging threat for pregnant travel

Medıcıne and Infectıous Dısease.

Documents

Risk of Zika Virus while Pregnant