RNP established - “RNPe” - Eurocontrol | - Driving … · · 2017-02-01RNP established - “RNPe” Leveraging the Benefits of RNP AR for Simultaneous Approaches Rob Root Aviation

RNP established - “RNPe”Leveraging the Benefits of RNP AR for Simultaneous Approaches

Rob RootAviation InfrastructureBoeing Digital Aviation

COPYRIGHT © 2006 THE BOEING COMPANYCOPYRIGHT 2017 THE BOEING COMPANY

Traditional Simultaneous Approach Operations

ONLY ILS/MLS 1,000 ft vertical separation• High / Low level flight• Vectors to final

Long Finals Long down-winds Level segments Increased fuel burn Increased Noise Increased Emissions ILS critical area

ICAO Rules today

Results in:

High Side:Level at 5,000

Low SideLevel at 4,000


Improved flexibility and efficiency

“RNPe” RNP Established

• Enables RNP use in simultaneous operations• Precisely flown curved and straight transitions• Compatible with ILS (non RNP equipped) approaches

Safe by Design• Leverages proven, highly capable,

certified RNP technology• RNP AR designs minimize collision risk • Stable, continuous vertical and lateral guidance• Onboard Monitoring and Alerting• No special surveillance• No TCAS alerts with converging traffic• Wake spacing maintained for each stream


“RNPe” RNP Established

RNP use at a major airports enables:• A complete and fully optimized descent path to the

runway – reduced source noise, fuel, emissions• Flexible, curved paths – avoiding noise sensitive areas• Reduced track miles flown, saving fuel and reducing

emissions• A single, efficient path that, when paired with precision

final approach guidance, can be used in all weather, making traffic flow more predictable and safer

No levelsegmentsrequired

Reduced track milesfor downwind traffic

Improved EnergyProfile: OPD

Vectors tointercept ILS:Intermediate

level segment(s)


RNP-Enabled : Seattle Greener Skies Resiliency with Benefits

RNP Established: • Approaches to Parallel Runways

• Procedural Lateral Separation with Curved Approaches

• Efficient, shorter OPD-compliant paths

• Exploiting natural noise corridors

Concurrent Operations: • Procedural vertical separation • Nearby approach independence• Efficient, OPD-compliant paths

RNP Established:Lateral Separation

“What we are doing in Seattle can serve as a template for advancing the FAA’s NextGen air traffic control and

airspace modernization plan” – Bill Ayer, CEO Alaska (retired)

Concurrent Ops: Vertical Separation


Earliest Vector TurnPopulation: 172,500

Typical Vector TurnPopulation: 217,000

Bad Weather VectorPopulation: 193,500

Source: US Census Bureau – 2010 TIGER Data

Noise Level (dBA)

55606570758085

Noise Level (dBA)

55606570758085

Noise Level (dBA)

55606570758085

Benefits– Seattle-Tacoma (KSEA)Estimated Population Exposure to 55 dBA and Greater

6

Vectored arrivals from South; landing to South


HAWKZ4 RNAV (RNP) Arrivals are Efficient, Clean and Quiet

Noise Level (dBA)

55606570758085

RNAV (RNP) Z RWY 16RPopulation: 58,000

* Re: HAWKZ FOUR RNAV ARRIVAL (HAWKZ.HAWKZ4)Alaska Airlines 737-800W/CFM56-7B26 FOQA performance

** Seattle WA Population Data Source: US Census Bureau – 2010 TIGER Data

Results for One FlightSEATAC

Saves 140 kg* – 410 kg fuel

Reduces CO2 emissions by425 kg – 1300 kg

Saves up to 20 NM

Reduces noise exposure forup to 114,000** – 192,500 people

7


• Designed and implemented PBN based arrivals and departures to (SIDS/STARS)

• improve efficiency and reduce delays• reduce fuel burn, noise, emissions

• Implemented Established on RNP AR (EoR AR) –Widely Spaced Operations

Denver RNAV/RNP Implementation – So Far

“United estimates uninterrupted idle descent from cruise to final approach will result in savings of 200-600lb (90-360 kgs)of fuel per flight, depending on the size of the aircraft.” – DIA press release

Southwest : “RNP approaches can reduce flying by 3-5 miles during a visual approach and up to 20 nm during an instrument approach each time they are flown at DIA… RNP procedures … save Southwest Airlines an estimated 20 gallons of fuel (75 liters) per flight on visual approaches and more than 90 gallons (340 liters) of fuel per flight on instrument approaches.” – SWA press release


US progress – Operations began early 2015 • SEA Seattle Dependent Operations

• DEN Denver Widely-spaced Independent Operations

ICAO : New PANS ATM (DOC 4444) and SOIR (DOC 9643) for 2018• Replacing RADAR with technology-agnostic surveillance

• Replacing ILS/MLS with “precision approach” (e.g. GLS)

• Airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS): Designing out of Nuisance RA’s

• Removal of “parallel” in some of the language -

• Enabling RNP during Simultaneous Operations, if the following are met:

Interest and Progress in RNPe is accelerating

SOIR: Simultaneous Approach Operations on Instrument Runways


any combination of instrument approaches including:

1) a precision approach

2) an RNP AR APCH procedure, if:a. the RNP (C and D) does not exceed

¼ of the distance between runway centerlines (A), and

b. the RNP (C and D) is equal to or less than (A-B)/2 [ie: NOZ]

3) an APV procedure with RNP segments that do not meet 2)a and b above, provided that

a. the safety provided by the performance and operational error mitigation are satisfactorily demonstrated, and

b. the designated APV is demonstrated to protect the NTZ from infringement during normal operations to avoid nuisance alerting

35R

17L

35L

17R

NTZB

610 m(2 000’ assumed)

The NTZ (Non Transgression Zone) extends from the nearer

runway threshold to the point where vertical separation is

reduced

FAF

Runway Spacing A

NOZ

The NOZ (Normal Operating Zone) extends from the runway threshold to the point where

aircraft are established on the

centre line

NOZ

FAF

RNPD

RNPC

ICAO: Drafting Design Guidance for Simultaneous Use

NecessarySafety Assessment

FAF

*NTZ = Non-Transgression Zone*NOZ = Normal Operating Zone


ICAO Independent simultaneous Ops:Region of Applicable RNP Values as a Function of Runway Spacing

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

RN

P -N

M

Runway Spacing - ft

Assumes 2000 ftnon-transgression zone (NTZ)

RNP AR0.3


Effect of On-board Monitoring and Alerting on Total System Error (ICAO PBN Manual)

RNAV specification RNP specificationsRNP X specification not requiring RF or FRT

RNP X specification requiring RF or FRT

NSE (monitoring and alerting)

NSE only observed by pilot cross-checks – no alerting on position error

Onboard Alerting on position accuracy and integrity

FTE (monitoring) Managed by onboard system or crew procedure

Managed by onboard system or crew procedure –enhanced displays

PDE (monitoring) Generally negligible; variable path on fly-by, fly-over, and conditional turns

Generally negligible precise path definition on RF and FRT

NET EFFECT ON TSE TSE distribution not bounded. In addition, the wide variation in turnperformance results in need for extra protection on turns.

TSE distribution bounded, but extra protection needed on turns

TSE distribution bounded, no extraprotection needed on route if turns defined by RF or FRT


Challenges

Equipage vs. Approval?• “If you build it, they will come…?”

• Balancing access and benefits

• Streamlining & standardizing the Ops Approval process

Air Traffic Management • Training

• Tools for sequencing, spacing, alerting, especially on curved arrivals

• Compatibility with non-equipped aircraft


Thank You


BACKUP SLIDES


ICAO and FAA Independent simultaneous Ops: Summary


ICAO and FAA Dependent simultaneous Ops: Summary

Documents

RNP established - “RNPe” - Eurocontrol | - Driving … · · 2017-02-01RNP established - “RNPe” Leveraging the Benefits of RNP AR for Simultaneous Approaches Rob Root Aviation