Role of ICT for Health

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ROLEOF ICT ON

HEALTH


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INTRODUCTION

Improved health and poverty reduction go hand inhand, not least since good health is a prerequisite for

better living conditions. Hence, three out of eight

Millennium Development Goals are related to health

issues. There is an urgent need to improve child andmaternal health, and combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and

other diseases.


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CONT

ICT can extend health education, transfer advice on

treatment, and bring help where health personnel are out of

reach. Smart combinations of ICT can be used to improve

planning and delivery of health services As well as awareness raising and preventive measures, not

least through edutainment efforts that combined different

media and communication technologies in innovative ways.

All in all, both the health sector at large as well as individual

citizens can benefit from improved information and

communication, thus strengthening the right to development

through better health.


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OBJECTIVES

Increasing quality of care and efficiency.

Reducing operating costs of clinical

services.

Reducing administrative costs.

Enabling entirely new modes of care.

Reducing an unhealthy distanceImproving the information and

communication technology infrastructure

in the health sector


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CONT

Improve access to and management of health

information.

Improve access to quality health services.

Improve ICT knowledge, capability and

utilization among health workers


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LITERATURE REVIEWFORROLEOF ICT INHEALTH

Nichols: Healthcare is an information

intensive industry.

professionals rely on access to correct and

comprehensive information, when and where

they need it, to inform the daily decisions

they make about a persons care.


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Information and communications technology is

largely absent from the way we generate,

capture and share health information as we

continue our reliance on handwritten paper

records. To say that this reliance on paper is

inefficient, wastes money and scarce resources

and compromises patient safety and the qualityof care is an understatement (Nichols, 2008).


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DZENOWAGIS(2005)

According to WHO, the use of ICTs in health is not

merely about technology (Dzenowagis, 2005)but a

means to reach a series of desired outcomes:

health workers making better treatment decisionshospitals providing higher quality and safer care

people making informed choices about their own

healthgovernments becoming more responsive to health

needs


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CONT

national and local information systems

supporting the development of effective,

efficient and equitable health systems

policy makers and the public aware of health

risks

People having better access to the information

and knowledge they need for better health.


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AMREF: USINGTELEMEDICINETOIMPROVE

RURALHEALTH

The African Medical and ResearchFoundation (AMREF) are improving its

clinical outreach program

The primary goal is to improve the quality of

and access to specialist care.mer with the help

of telemedicine

The secondary goal is to improve care through

training using tele-consultation and CME

courses (AMREF, 2009).


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An AMREF clinician and consultant physicians

consult on specific cases. Clinical staff from

the rural hospital use email to forward the case

notes and supporting images of the patients to

be seen the following day. Notes may be

scanned images of handwritten notes or PC-

based using proprietary software.


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AJEET MATHUR: ITSROLEINDESIGNOFHEALTHCARE

PRODUCTS AND SERVICES.

IT has created opportunities for optimizing linkages

between domestic markets and exports/imports which is

reflected in the design of healthcare products and

services.

The notion of `Telemedicine thus emerged as the

practice of using audio, visual and data communications

for medical consultations, diagnosis, treatment, nursing

care, medical education and transfer of medical data

together with a broader concept of `TeleHealth whichincludes Telemedicine and healthcare management,


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A. OMOTOSHO, O.J. EMUOYIBOFARHE, O. ADEGBOOLA

ETAL:

ICT in Health care delivery system: a

Framework for developing nations

The aim of Information and CommunicationTechnologies (ICT) for Health (also known as

eHealth) is to improve significantly the quality,

access and efficacy of healthcare for allcitizens.


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This paper aims to discuss how ICT has

contributed of health in different part of

the world, its cost effectiveness and

provide a framework for implementation

in developing countries with evidences to

why developing nations must embrace the

opportunity and benefits of ICT in theirhealth sector reform (A. Omotosho, 2012).


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ROBERT RUDOWSKI:

Impact of Information and Communication

Technologies (ICT) on Health Care

The most important are accessibility to health careservices by citizens, economical aspect and quality of

care aspect. The main goal is to provide access for the

citizen at any time and in any place. eHealth can

certainly provide such an access especially in theregions where physician may not be available.


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EHealth can decrease the costs of health

care by decentralizing the care enabling

medical services at a lower level where

they are cheaper

e.g. regional hospital instead of university

hospital, or by avoiding patient transport

to the hospital when it is not necessary(Robert Rudowski.


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FINDINGSFROMTHELITERATURE

Telemedicine - use of medical information exchangedfrom one site to another via electronic

communications to improve patients' health status.

(ATA)

Telehealth use of information and communicationand technologies to deliver health services and

transmit health information over both long and short

distances. Its about transmitting voice, data, images,

and information rather than moving patients or

healthcare practitioners and educators. (CST)


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CONT

E-Health- EHealth is a relatively new term in

health care practice and one of the most rapidly

growing areas in health and ICT today. The

World Health Organization defines eHealth asthe cost-effective and secure use of information

and communications technologies (ICT) in

support of health and health- related fields,

including health-care services, healthsurveillance, health literature , and health

education, knowledge and research.(WHO

2005).


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Ehealth is the use of information and

communication technologies (ICT) forhealth

(WHO, 2008).

Telenursing - is the practice of nursing overdistance using telecommunication technology.


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Although the use of ICT in healthcare can offer

several benefits to the society, the adoption of

electronic healthcare services relies also on

ethical and societal aspects such as the trust thatend-users (e.g., patients and physicians) has

towards such services.

There are three main areas in which ICT can

help to make healthcare more effective andefficient. These are :


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management of healthcare

medical treatment

prevention.

The decreasing cost and size of sensors,

monitors and other equipment enables both

novel uses for existing technologies and

applications of completely new technologies.


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EXTRAKNWLGE


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CONT.

ICT diffusion index can be calculated from the

formula:

ICT diffusion = (Connectivity + Access+ Policy) /3

ICT diffusion takes on values from 0 to 1 range (eg.

Iceland has the highest ICT diff in Europe = 0,76);

Low ICT diffusion value for a given country

indicates obstacles in eHealth development. Better

telecommunications infrastructure, more reliable

and user friendly access devices are of a high

priority in developing countries.


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. Omotosho, ict in health care delivery system: a

framework for developing nations, O. E. (2012).

Ajeet Mathur, ITs role in design of healthcare

products and services, S. 2. (September 2003).

AMREF, using telemedicine to improve rural health,

(2009).

Dzenowagis. (2005).

Nichols, P. e. (2008). Robert Rudowski, D. o. (n.d.), Impact of Information

and Communication Technologies (ICT) on Health

Care


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Role of ICT for Health