RTN-DIMMENSIONING

a tour of new features

introducing

RTN 910/950

Dimmensioning

1. MW LINK DESIGN 1.1. The Fundamental Elements of “Line-

of-Sight” Microwave Radio Systems 1.2. MW LINK DESIGN EXAMPLE 2. RTN 910/ 950 DIMMENSIONING

CONTENT

OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

• Follow the steps for a Microwave link design

• Outline the steps of RTN910950 service dimensioning

• Implement Ethernet service/CES service /ATM/IMA services dimensioning

Suggested steps for MWL setup

Page5

The process of establishing a reliable microwave system should include the following steps. Step 1: A preliminary engineering study for feasibility and budgetary proposal purposes. Step 2: A site survey to determine equipment installation requirements. Step 3: A field path survey to verify station coordinates, path topology, and any obstructions. Step 4: Final system engineering, utilizing verified data from the site and path survey, to address critical path clearances, reflection analysis, link analysis, and determination of required antenna heights above ground level. Step 5: Revision of the initial budgetary proposal into a firm, fixed-price quotation for the turnkey system.

1.1. The Fundamental Elements of “Line-of-Sight” Microwave Radio Systems

• Frequency • Wavelength • Free-space Loss • Precipitation Loss • Antenna Gain • Antenna Beam-width

• Fresnel zones • Phase Relationships • Multi-path Reflections • Atmospheric Refraction • Earth Bulge

This section covers the basic technical elements that provide a foundation for understanding line of-sight radio frequency systems. The topics include:

Since microwave frequencies have short wavelengths, they generally require a “line-of-sight” (LOS) propagation path. They also need clearance for what is referred to as “the 1st Fresnel zone,” whose boundaries vary with the frequency and wavelength of the specific system.

Microwave Frecuency varies in between 300 GHz - 300 MHz

Frecuency

Frequency Band and Radio Channel

Page8

• The common frequency bands :

– 7G/8G/11G/13G/15G/18G/23G/26G/32G/38G (by

ITU-R rec. )

8 5 4 3 2 10 20 1 30 40 50

1.5 2.5GH

z region

networks

long-distance

backbone network

area and local network,

boundary network

2 8 34

Mbit/

s 2 8

34 140 155 Mbit/

s

3.3 11 GHz

GH

z

34 140 155 Mbit/

s


Page9

• The central frequency, T/R spacing and channel spacing are defined in

every frequency band.

f0(central freq.)

Frequency scope

Channe

l

spacing f1 f2 fn f1’ f2

’ fn’

Chann

el

spacing

T/R

spacing T/R spacing

Low frequency band High frequency

band

Protection

spacing

Adjacent

T/R

spacing

Protection

spacing


Page10

f0(7575M)

Frequency scope（7425－7725MHz）

28M

f1=7442 f5 f1’=7596 f2

’ f5’

T/R spacing: 154M

f2=7470

Freq. scope F0 (MHz) T/R spacing (MHz) channel spacing(MHz) High site / low site

7425--7725 7575 154 28 Fn , Fn’

7575 161 7

7110--7750 7275 196 28

7597 196 28

7250--7550 7400 161 3.5

……. …… …… …… ……

Modulation modes for Digital MW

Page11

• The microwave carrier is digital modulated by the baseband signal.

Digital base band signal Intermedia frequency

(IF) signal

Base band

Signal

rate

Channel

bandwidth modulation

Service

signal

Modulation modes for Digital MW

Page12

• The frequency carrier signal can be described as:

– Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK): A is variable, Wc and φ are constant – Frequency Shift Keying (FSK): Wc is variable, A and φ are constant Phase Shift

Keying (PSK): φ is variable, A and Wc are constant – Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM): A and φ are variable, Wc is

constant

A*COS（Wc*t+φ）

Amplitude Frequenc

y Phas

e

PSK and QAM

are commonly

used in digital

MW

Electromagnetic waves propagate at the speed of light (in free-space or a vacuum), or 300,000,000 meters per second. As a result, wavelength in meters can be calculated by dividing the number 300 by the frequency in MHz.

The density of the transmission medium produces changes in radio wavelengths; similar to the way it affects speed. These seemingly small differences can be far more important than they seem at first, since radio link systems have path lengths that are measured in miles or kms. Over these distances, the minute differences in each wavelength become very significant, because of the vast number of wavelengths required to cover even a single mile

One 2400 MHz wavelength in free-space = 11811/2400 = 4.921 inches One 2400 MHz wavelength in normal atmosphere = 11811/2400 x .9997 = 4.920 inches One 2400 MHz wavelength in LMR 400 coax = 11811/2400 x .85 = 4.183 inches

Wavelength

Landform

Page14

The reflection from land affect receiving signal from main direction

• 4 types of the landform: – A: mountainous region (or the region of dense buildings) – B: foothill (the fluctuation of ground is gently) – C: flatland – D: large acreage of water

Direct

Reflection

Direct

Reflection

Classification of the Fading

Page15

mechanism

Absorption loss

Fading of rain and fog

Scintillation fading

K facter fading

Duct Type fading

Sustained

duration Received level Effect

Fast Fading

Slow Fading

Upward Fading

Downward fading

Flat fading

Frequency selective fading

Fading in free space

Fading

Free space attenuation (or loss) increases as frequency goes up, for a given unit of distance. This occurs because higher frequencies have shorter wavelengths, and to cover a given distance; they must complete many more cycles than lower frequency signals, which have longer wavelength. During each cycle (wavelength) the signals propagate, some of their energy is “spent.”

Where: FSL= Decibels F= Frecuency in Mhz D= Distance betwen end points… 32.44 varies depeding on the constant of system losses and the working units for F and D.

Free-space Loss

Free-space Loss (cont)

Page17

• FSL = 92.4 + 20 log d + 20 log f

– d = distance in km f = frequency in GHz

Power

Level

PTX = Output power

G = Antenna gain

A = Free space loss

M = Fading Margin

PTX

distance

GTX GRX

PRX

A

M Receiving threshold

G

d

G

f

PRX = Receiving

power

Precipitation Loss Frequency and wavelength are also affected by precipitation,

which comes in many forms. The detrimental effects of precipitation vary according to the physical properties of its

form, as well as its wavelength relationship to that of the particular frequency involved.

Basically, when an object’s physical properties approach ¼ wavelength of a particular

frequency, they become highly reflective at that frequency. Raindrops can easily attain a

dimension of 1/8 inch or more, effectively becoming multiple reflectors (or more

accurately stated, deflectors) in the path of a 23-GHz signal, while having much less impact

on a 5.8 GHz signal.

However, water droplets of smaller size, including fog, can become a major

consideration for millimeter wave like over 25Ghz systems.

Precipitation Loss: Rain & Fog

Fading

Page19

• Generally, different frequency band has different loss.

– less than 10 GHz, its fading caused by rain and fog is

not serious.

– over 10 GHz, relay distance is limited by fading caused

by rains.

– over 20GHz, the relay distance is only about several

kilometers for the rain & fog fading.

The Fresnel Zones

Creating “RF line-of-sight” for a microwave path requires more clearance over path obstructions than is required to establish a

visual “line-of-sight.” The extra clearance is needed to establish an unobstructed propagation path boundary for the transmitted

signal, based on its wavelength.

Phase and Its Relationships

Since atmospherically propagated radio signals can take many paths between one point and another, as in the case of a multi-path reflected signal, it is possible for them to arrive at the destination in different phase states. As long as the signals travel a direct path between the antennas, they will arrive fairly closely in phase with one another, however different paths may end up with wave cancelling each other.

Atmospheric Refraction In radio engineering, atmospheric refraction is also referred to as “the K factor,” which describes the type and amount of refraction. For example: A K factor of 1 describes a condition where there is no refraction of the signal, and it propagates in a straight line. A K factor of less than 1 describes a condition where the refracted signal path deviates from a straight line, and it arcs in the direction opposite the earth curvature. A K factor greater than 1 describes a condition where the refracted signal path deviates from a straight line, and it arcs in the same direction as the earth curvature.

Atmospheric Refraction: K Factor Fading

Page23

• A equivalent radius: Re=KR (R is the real radius of earth).

• the value of K is depend on the local meteorological phenomena

Re R

Atmospheric Refraction

Page24

– Atmosphere absorption mainly affect the microwave

whose frequency is over 12 GHz.

– Refraction, reflection, dispersion in the troposphere.

– Scattering and absorption loss caused by rain, fog and

snow. It mainly affect the microwave whose

frequency is over 10 GHz.

Multi-Path Propagation and Fading

Page25

• The receiving paths includes direct path and other reflection

paths.

• Multi-path fading is caused by the signals interference from

different propagation paths

Ground

Flat Fading

Page26

1 h

Receive

level in

free space

Threshold

(-30dB )

Signal

interruption

Upward

fading

Fast

fading Slow

fading

Frequency Selective Fading

Page27

• Frequency selective fading will cause the in-band distortion and decrease system original fading margin.

Freq. (MHz)

Re

ce

ivin

g p

ow

er

(dB

m)

Normal

Flat Selective fading

Physical Earth Bulge Line-of-sight radio system engineering must deal with the effects of earth curvature, or “Earth Bulge” as it is sometimes called. Physical Earth Bulge reflects earth curvature only and does not take into account the effects of atmospheric refraction. For purposes of line-of-sight radio link design, we must always combine Physical Earth Bulge with the effects of atmospheric refraction, or K. When these two parameters are combined, a modified earth bulge profile results, which is known as “Effective Earth Bulge.”

Antifading Technologies

Page29

Types Improving effects

Antifading

technologies

related with

device

Adaptive Equalization Wave shape distortion

Cross Polarization Interference

Counteract

Wave shape distortion

Automatic Transmit Power

Control Power reduction

Forward Error Correct Power reduction

Antifading

technologies

related with

system

Diversity receive technologies Wave shape distortion

and Power reduction

Automatic Transmit Power Control

Page30

• ATPC is used to reduce interference to adjacent system, upward-fading, DC power consumption and refine characteristic of residual error rate.

modulator transmitter

receiver demodulator

ATPC

receiver

ATPC

transmitter modulator

demodulator

XPIC

Page31

• XPIC is cross-polarization interference counteracter.

Direction of

electric

field

Horizontal

polarization

Vertical

polarization

Frequency configuration in U6GHz band（ITU-R F.384-5）

30MH

z 80MHz

60MHz

340 MHz

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

680MH

z

V (H)

H (V)

1’ 2’ 3’ 4’ 5’ 6’ 7’ 8’

30MH

z 80MHz

60MHz

340MH

z

680 MHz

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

V (H)

H (V)

1X 2X 3X 4X 5X 6X 7X 8X

1’ 2’ 3’ 4’ 5’ 6’ 7’ 8’

1X’ 2X’ 3X' 4X’ 5X’ 6X’ 7X’ 8X’

Diversity Reception

Page32

• Diversity reception is used to minimize the effects of fading. It

includes:

– Space diversity (SD)

– Frequency diversity (FD)

– Polarization diversity

– Angle diversity

Antifading Methods:Diversity • Used to avoid Reflection, Refraction and other affecting

features.

f1

f1

f2

Other Antifading Methods

Antenna

Page35

• The antenna propagates the electric wave from transmitter

into one direction, and receive the electric wave. Paraboloid antenna and

Kasai Green antenna are usually used.

• The common diameter of antenna are: 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, and 3.0m, etc.

Paraboloid antenna Kasai Green antenna

Antenna (cont.)

Page36

• Several channels in one frequency band can share one

antenna.

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

Channel Channel

1

1

n

n

1

1

n

n

Antenna Aligning

Page37

Side view

Side

lobe

Rear lobe

Top view

Rear lobe

Side

lobe

Main lobe

Main lobe

Antenna Beam-width Since antenna gain results from redirecting available radiated energy in a given direction, the higher the antenna gain of an antenna in its forward direction, the lower its gain in other directions. That’s why larger antennas with higher gain are more directional. Consequently, they are often used to solve interference problems when the interference source may be located off-azimuth from the affected system path.

Half power angle

Half power angle (3 dB beam width) From the main lobe deviates to both sides, the points where the power decrease half are half power point. The angle between the two half power points is half power angle. Approximate calculation formula is:

D

)70~65( 00

5.0

Antenna Specifications (cont.)

Page39

• Cross polarization discrimination (XPD)

– The suppressive intensity of power received from expected polarization (Po) to the other polarization (Px). It should more than 30db. Formula is:

XdB＝10lgPo/Px

• Antenna protection ratio

– It is the ratio of the receiving attenuation in antenna other lobes to the receiving attenuation in antenna main lobe. The 180 degree antenna protection ratio also be called as the front / rear protection ratio.

Antenna Gain

• The input power ratio of isotropic antenna (Pio) to surface antenna (Pi)

when getting the same electric field intensity at the same point.

• It can be calculated by formula( unit: dB) :

2D

P

PG

i

io

An antenna with a large aperture has more gain than a smaller one; just as it captures more energy from a passing radio wave, it also radiates more energy in that direction.

Side view Side

lobe Rear lobe

Top view Rear lobe

Side

lobe

Main lobe

Main lobe n: antenna efficiency D :antenna Diameter

Antenna Gain

Gain antenna in terms of frequency

G= 17.8 + 20 log (f * D) Where f = Frequency in GHz D= Diameter of MW antenna in meters.

Outdoor Unit

Page42

• The main specifications of transmitter

– Working frequency band: • One ODU can cover one frequency band or some part of a frequency

band.

– Output power: • The power at the output port of transmitter.

• The typical range of power is from 15 to 30 dBm.

Outdoor Unit (cont.)

Page43

• The main specifications of transmitter (cont.)

– Frequency stability • The oscillation frequency stability of microwave device is from 3 to 10

ppm.

– Transmitting frequency spectrum frame • A restricted frequency scope is frequency spectrum frame.

Outdoor Unit (cont.)

Page44

• The main specifications of receiver

– Work frequency band: • The receiving frequency of local station is the same with the remote

station.

– Frequency stability • The requirement is from 3 to 10ppm.

– Noise Figure • The noise figure of digital microwave receiver is from 2.5 to 5dB.

Receive Signal Level (RSL)

• RSL: Receive signal level (dBm) • Po = output power of the transmitter (dBm) • Lctx, Lcrx = Loss (cable,connectors, branching unit) between

transmitter/receiver and antenna(dB) • Gatx, Garx = gain of transmitter/receiver antenna (dBi) • FSL = free space loss (dB)

Link feasibility

• Receiver sensitivity threshold is the signal level at which the radio runs continuous errors at a specified bit rate

Path Profile

A Path profile is a graphic representation of the path traveled by the radio waves between the to ends of a link. The Path Profile determines the location and height of the antenna at each end of the link. All of the previously mentionated concepts are meant so you can decicie a working frecuency or set of frecuency, Antifading methods to be applied and the required equipment to be used.

Basic Recommendations

• Use higher frequency bands for shorter hops and lower frequency bands for longer hops

• Avoid lower frequency bands in urban areas • Use star and hub configurations for smaller

networks and ring configuration for larger networks

• In areas with heavy precipitation , if possible, use frequency bands below 10 GHz.

• Use protected systems (1+1) for all important and/or high-capacity links

• Leave enough spare capacity for future expansion of the system

MW LINK design example

Considerations Frequencies GHz

1 18

2 23

3 32

Consideration Considered Value

Antena Height 5 mts

Antena 0, 6 meters

RSL THRESHOLD -80 dB

1.Site Location

Page50

• You have the following situation.

We are required to design a microwave link for the new traffic between this two existing Radio Stations

19° 13' 9.744"N 99° 15' 0.367"W

19° 16' 10.613"N 99° 2' 52.386"W

2.Make a path profile

Page51

The Survey team has develop the following Path Profile for a default antenna height of 5m

Distance(Km)

3.Calculate D (Km)

Page52

𝐷𝑥2 + 𝐷𝑦2 = 𝐷2

Dx : distancia entre el sitio A y el sitio B

Dy: altura antena sitio B + altura terreno B- altura terreno A

4.Following Calculations • Calculate FSL

• Calculate Presipitation Loss

• Other Interference conditions like Refraction, Reflection

and if Necesary Earth Bugel

4.Calulating FSL

Page54

5.Calulating Fresnel zone

FSL AND FRESNEL ZONE

• FSL per frequency: f1::144,4039037 f2::146,5330103 f3::149,4014532

• Fresnel1 per frequency: F1:: 9,5706736 F2:: 8,46671303 F3:: 7,1780052

6. Calculate Link Budget

• Once you define the enviromental conditions onf the microwave link, you can define the features of your microwave link in terms of Power, frecuency, Antenna Gain, Fading Cancellation Techniques, Receiver sensitivity thresholdand , system gain so on.

• System gain depends on the modulation used

(2PSK, 4PSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM,128QAM,256QAM) and on the design of the radio

6.Link Budget

Imagine you have only one sized of antenas of 0.6m and the threshold for the Receivers Level is -80dB… Calculate the require Po for the minimum Feasible Link if there is no Considerable Cable Lost in any of the Radio Stations.

f = Frequency in GHz D= Diameter of MW antenna in meters.

7. Results

Frecuency FSL Fresnel Zone1 Antenna

Gain Po Feasible

18Ghz 144,40dB 9,570m 38,46dBi -12.54 dBm

23Ghz 146,53dB 8,46m 40,59dBi -16,80 dBm

32Ghz 149,40dB 7,17m 43,46dBi -22.53 dBm

RTN910/950 DIMMENSIONING

Page61

Contents

1. Service Types of RTN910950

2. Dimmensioning NE

3. Dimmensioning the Ethernet Service

4. Dimmensioning the CES Service

5. Dimmensioning the ATM/IMA Service

Page62

Service Types of RTN910950

• Ethernet service

– E-Line service • UNI-UNI E-Line service

• UNI-NNI E-Line service carried by port

• UNI-NNI E-Line service carried by PW

• UNI-NNI E-Line service carried by QinQ link

– E-Aggr service • UNI-UNI E-Aggr service

• UNI-NNI E-Aggr service carried by port

• UNI-NNI E-Aggr service carried by PW on the network side

Page63

Service Types of RTN910950 (Cont.)

• CES TDM service

– UNI-UNI CES service

– UNI-NNI CES service

• ATM/IMA service

– UNI-UNI ATM/IMA service

– UNI-NNI ATM/IMA service

Page64

Contents


2. Dimensioning NE

3. Dimensioning the Ethernet Service

4. Dimensioning the CES Service

5. Dimensioning the ATM/IMA Service

Page65

Dimensioning IDU 910

Item Performance Chassis height 1U

Pluggable Supported

Number of microwave directions is 01-02

RF configuration mode 1+0 non-protection configuration

2+0 non-protection configuration

1+1 protection configuration

XPIC configuration

Table 1 RF configuration modes Configuration Mode Maximum Number of

Configurations

1+0 non-protection configuration 2

1+1 protection configuration (1+1

HSB/FD/SD)

1

2+0 non-protection configuration 1

XPIC configuration 1

Page66


Page67


Page68


Page69


Table 1 Introduction of the IDU 950 Item Performance

Chassis height 2U

Pluggable Supported

Number of microwave directions is 01-06 RF configuration mode 1+0 non-protection configuration

N+0 non-protection configuration (N ≤ 5)


XPIC configuration

Table 1 RF configuration modes Configuration Mode Maximum Number of

Configurations

1+0 non-protection

configuration

6


(1+1 HSB/FD/SD)

3

N+0 non-protection

configuration (N ≤ 5)

3 (N = 2)

2 (N = 3)

1 (N ≥ 4)

XPIC configuration 3

Page70


Page71

IF Board -- Board Installation

IDU 910

IDU 950

Slot5 PIU

Slot3 IFE2

SLOT 1 and SLOT 2

Slot4 IFE2 Slot6 FAN

Slot 6 IFE2

Slot 8

Slot 2 IFE2

Slot 4 IFE2

Slot 5 IFE2

Slot 7

Slot 1 IFE2

Slot 3 IFE2

Slot 11

FAN

Slot 10 PIU

Slot 9

PIU

Page72

IF Board -- IF Performance (Cont.)

Channel

Spacing (MHz)

Modulation

Scheme Ethernet throughput (Mbit/s)

7 QPSK 9 to 11

7 16QAM 19 to 23

7 32QAM 24 to 29

7 64QAM 31 to 37

7 128QAM 37 to 44

7 256QAM 43 to 51

The modulation mode and capacity supported by IFE2

Page73


Channel

Spacing (MHz)

Modulation


14 (13.75) QPSK 20 to 23

14 (13.75) 16QAM 41 to 48

14 (13.75) 32QAM 50 to 59

14 (13.75) 64QAM 65 to 76

14 (13.75) 128QAM 77 to 90

14 (13.75) 256QAM 90 to 104


Page74


Channel

Spacing (MHz)

Modulation


28 (27.5) QPSK 41 to 48

28 (27.5) 16QAM 84 to 97

28 (27.5) 32QAM 108 to 125

28 (27.5) 64QAM 130 to 150

28 (27.5) 128QAM 160 to 180

28 (27.5) 256QAM 180 to 210


Page75


Channel

Spacing (MHz)

Modulation


56 QPSK 84 to 97

56 16QAM 170 to 190

56 32QAM 210 to 240

56 64QAM 260 to 310

56 128QAM 310 to 360

56 256QAM 360 to 420


Page76

E1 Board -- Board Installation

IDU 910

IDU 950

Slot5 PIU

Slot3 ML1(A)

SLOT 1 and SLOT 2

Slot4 ML1(A) Slot6 FAN

Slot 6 ML1(A)

Slot 8

Slot 2 ML1(A)

Slot 4 ML1(A)

Slot 5 ML1(A)

Slot 7

Slot 1 ML1(A)

Slot 3 ML1(A)

Slot 11

FAN

Slot 10 PIU

Slot 9

PIU

Page77

FE Board -- Board Installation

IDU 910

IDU 950

Slot5 PIU

Slot3 EF8T(F)

SLOT 1 and SLOT 2

Slot4 EF8T(F) Slot6 FAN

Slot 6 EF8T(F) /AUXQ

Slot 8




Slot 7



Slot 11

FAN

Slot 10 PIU

Slot 9

PIU

Page78

GE Board -- Board Installation

IDU 910

IDU 950

Slot5 PIU

Slot3 EG2

SLOT 1 and SLOT 2

Slot4 EG2 Slot6 FAN

Slot 6 EG2

Slot 8

Slot 2 EG2

Slot 4 EG2

Slot 5 EG2

Slot 7

Slot 1 EG2

Slot 3 EG2

Slot 11

FAN

Slot 10 PIU

Slot 9

PIU

Page79

IF Board -- IF Signal Parameters

Item Performance

IF signal

Transmitting frequency (MHz) 350

Receiving frequency (MHz) 140

Resistance (ohm) 50

ODU

management

signal

Modulation mode ASK

Transmitting frequency (MHz) 5.5

Receiving frequency (MHz) 10

Dimensioning ODU

Table 2 RTN 600 ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 910 Item Description

Standard Power ODU High Power ODU

ODU type SP and SPA HP

Frequency band 7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/38

GHz (SP ODU)

7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/

32/38 GHz

6/7/8/11/13/15/18/23 GHz

(SPA ODU)

Microwave modulation

mode

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64

QAM/128QAM/256QAM

(SP ODU)

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64

QAM/128QAM/256QAM

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64

QAM/128QAM (SPA

ODU)

Channel spacing 7/14/28 MHz 7/14/28/56 MHz

Page80

Page81

Split-mount MW Equipment - Installation

Antenna

(ODU) IF cable

中频口

Separate installation

Soft

waveguide

IDU IF interface

Antenna

ODU

IDU

Direct installation

IF cable

IF interface

Page82

Radio Link

②

1+1 protection Field Value Description

Protection Group ID 1, 2, 3 Sets the protection group ID.

Working Mode HSB, SD, FD Selects the working mode for the IF 1+1 protection

group.

Revertive Mode Revertive, Non-

Revertive

Specifies whether to switch back to the original working

service after removing the fault. Select Revertive to

switch back to the working service, or select Non-

Revertive not to switch back to the working service any

longer.

Default: Revertive

WTR Time(s) 300 to 720 Specifies the wait-to-restore time. Refer to the period of

time starting when it is detected the working board

returns to normal and ending when the working board is

switched back after the protection switching.

Default: 600

Enable Reverse Switching Enabled, Disabled Specifies whether to enable reverse switching.

Default of HSB/SD:

Enabled

In the case of the 1+1 FD, Enable Reverse Switching

is not supported and thus the default value is

Disabled. In addition, the value cannot be changed.

Default of FD: Disabled In the case of 1+1 HSB, it is recommended that you

disable reverse switching to avoid incorrect switching

actions.

Page83

Radio Link (Cont.)

IF General Attributes: 802.1Q and QinQ QinQ is the VLAN (IEEE 802.1Q) stacking technology

DA SA TPID (8100) VLAN Ethernet Data

6 6 2 2 N

DA SA TPID (8100) S-VLAN TPID (8100) C-VLAN Ethernet data

6 6 2 2 2 2 N

VLAN Frame

QinQ Frame

Page84

Radio Link (Cont.)

IF General Attributes: 802.1Q and QinQ

Page85

Radio Link (Cont.)

• Configuring IF Attributes: ATPC, channel space

Page86

Contents


2. Dimensioning NE




Dimensioning the Ethernet Service

• The different attributes of Ethernet interface correspond to different scenarios

Page87

Application Scenario Required Interface Attribute

Accessing the Ethernet service General attributes and Layer 2

attributes

Carrying the QinQ link General attributes and Layer 2

attributes

Carrying the tunnel General attributes and Layer 3

attributes

Page88

Configuring Ethernet Interface (Cont.)

• Configuring General Attributes

Page89

Contents


2. Dimensioning NE




Dimensioning the CES Service

Page90

Start

Create network

Configure interface

Configure the UNI-UNI CES service Configure tunnel

Configure the UNI-NNI

CES service

End

UNI-UNI CES service UNI-NNI CES service

Page91

Contents


2. Dimensioning NE




Dimensioning the ATM/IMA Service

Page92

Start

Create network

Configure the UNI-UNI ATM

service

Configure tunnel

Configure the UNI-NNI ATM

service

End

UNI-UNI ATM

service

UNI-NNI ATM service

Configure the ATM policy

Configure ATM interface

Configure NNI

Configure the ATM policy

Configure ATM interface

Page93

Configuring the ATM Service (Cont.)

• Configuring the UNI-NNI ATM Service

Documents

RTN-DIMMENSIONING