Santa Monica -Malibu Unified School Districtfipcontractors.smmusd.org/Data/Sites/6/documents/malibu/... · Santa Monica -Malibu Unified School District District Wide HVAC Study –

Santa Monica-Malibu Unified

School District

District Wide HVAC Study –Executive Summary Report

All Schools Summary

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Draft | August 31, 2016

This report takes into account the particular

instructions and requirements of our client.

It is not intended for and should not be relied

upon by any third party and no responsibility

is undertaken to any third party.

Job number 247167-00

12777 West Jefferson Boulevard Suite 100

Building D

Los Angeles

CA 90066

United States of America

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Report Ref | Draft | August 31, 2016

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Job title District Wide HVAC Study –Executive Summary Report

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Santa Monica-Malibu Unified School District District Wide HVAC Study –Executive Summary Report

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Contents

Page

1 Executive Summary 1

1.1 Findings and Recommendations 1

1.2 Summary Cost Table 2

2 Overview 3

2.1 Purpose and Scope 3

2.2 Project Approach 5

2.3 Deficiency Priorities (1-4) 6

2.4 Interactive Effects 7

3 HVAC Campus Summaries 8

3.1 Edison Language Academy 8

3.2 Franklin Elementary 8

3.3 Grant Elementary 10

3.4 John Adams Middle School 12

3.5 John Muir Elementary and SMASH 14

3.6 Juan Cabrillo Elementary 15

3.7 Lincoln Child Development Center 17

3.8 Lincoln Middle School 18

3.9 McKinley Elementary 20

3.10 Malibu High School and Middle School 21

3.11 Olympic High School 23

3.12 Point Dume Elementary 24

3.13 Roosevelt Elementary 25

3.14 Santa Monica High School 27

3.15 Washington PDLC 29

3.16 Webster Elementary School 1

3.17 Will Rogers Elementary 3

4 HVAC Analysis and Recommendations 1

4.1 HVAC System Selection Technique and Criteria 1

Tables

Table 1 Recommended Items


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Table 2 Options Relative Evaluations Sample

Figures

No table of figures entries found.

Appendices

No table of contents entries found.


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1 Executive Summary

1.1 Findings and Recommendations

Arup North America, Ltd. (Arup) was hired by the Santa Monica-Malibu Unified School District to perform an analysis, and provide recommendations, for improvements to the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems at Santa Monica Malibu USD buildings and campuses. Arup, along with our subcontractor WinAire (Test and Balancing), visited the school sites during Winter Break 2015/2016, with additional visits in 2016. HVAC systems were assessed for heating, cooling, and ventilation ability; condition, potential improvements, and other HVAC attributes that may require attention.

Various Options were explored to improve HVAC. The work scope costs for each facility are described in the Summary Cost Table 1, on the next page.

Priorities 1-4 have been developed and used throughout the HVAC Studies Reports to help the District determine deal with recommendations of the Reports and to provide a framework for consideration as the work of the HVAC improvements proceeds. We suggest that Nurses Rooms be considered as a Priority 2 option to receive air conditioning. Rooms that are being used for storage should have Priority 4. Other items in this report are Priority 2-4. Priority structure and approach is explained in the report. There are a very few Priority 1 items identified and they are already being addressed by the District.

16 reports, one per the selected SMMUSD campuses or properties, are available for detailed review. These reports include detailed descriptions of the campuses, preliminary load calculations, explanations and details of the recommendations, description of recommendations analysis and priority structure, and costing details and analysis.

If all HVAC recommendations indicated by this report are implemented, the total possible direct cost is $21,838,480. In some, but not all cases, the work may include a significant revision to facility main electrical services for additional capacity required by the new cooling systems. Addition of District soft costs, annual costs escalation and other interactive affects, explained in this Executive Summary Report result in extended total cost to implement the recommendations in the framework of current District plans and within 4 years is predicted to cost

$32,757,720.

If the recommended HVAC Options are implemented, the expected cost to purchase additional electricity will increase and SMMUSD maintenance and operations staffing requirements will increase. Presently the annual electric utility cost is approximately $672,300 per year. This cost may increase by $382,500 per year,


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depending on the length of school year, temperature settings, and school use through the year.

1.2 Summary Cost Table

Recommended HVAC Improvements Scope Possible

Direct Cost

without

Interactive

Affects

Extended

Costs with

soft costs and

inflation

increased

over four

year cycle

Edison Language Academy – No work, recently improved. $0 $0

Franklin Elementary $1,152,934 $1,729,401

Grant Elementary $1,125,417 $1,688,126

John Adams Middle School $2,937,892 $4,406,838

John Muir Elementary and SMASH $966,473 $1,449,710

Juan Cabrillo Elementary $913,427 $1,370,141

Lincoln Child Development Center $174,359 $261,539

Lincoln Middle School $2,627,952 $3,941,928

McKinley Elementary $1,187,298 $1,780,947

Malibu High School & Middle School $2,401,684 $3,602,526

Olympic High School $668,928 $1,003,392

Pt. Dume Marine Science Elementary $852,462 $1,278,693

Roosevelt Elementary $1,491,890 $2,237,835

Santa Monica High School* $2,726,268 $4,089,402

Washington PDLC $198,316 $297,474

Will Rogers Elementary $1,339,950 $2,009,925

Webster Elementary $1,073,230 $1,609,845

Total Recommended Items for Santa Monica Malibu USD

HVAC Study Implementation:

$21,838,480 $32,757,720

Table 1 Recommended Items

*Santa Monica High School direct cost indicated is adjusted for campus wide phasing, including only phases 5-9 direct cost. SaMoHi HVAC study for all buildings, direct cost total is $4,817,086.


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2 Overview

2.1 Purpose and Scope

This Cooling Load & HVAC System Study is intended to provide the District with a plan to evaluate installation of new HVAC systems, and replacement or retrofit of the existing HVAC systems along with identification of possible alternative measures for temperature control. The following subjects are included in the scope of work:

A. Evaluation of Existing HVAC Systems (where applicable, since most spaces do not have existing HVAC systems). Documentation of existing systems’ conditions and performance, including but not limited to:

• Study of the existing campus HVAC systems with observed systems’ deficiencies and recommended changes,

• Equipment and systems capacities,

• Equipment age,

• Verify installation of HVAC equipment and operation to meet current code requirements,

• Verify adequate ventilation air through a detailed balancing report,

• Verify existing HVAC equipment and systems static pressure and temperature rise/fall through measurement of flow rate and generate an energy report,

• Duct sizes and routing (visual observation only),

• Ductwork air leakage (visual observation only),

• Duct insulation,

• System balance.

B. Calculation of Cooling Load (for all spaces identified, with or without existing HVAC) this analysis provides calculations based on existing building envelope including load requirement for individual rooms to allow for proper system sizing to compare various system options and develop systems preliminary costs. Cooling load calculations consider the following:

• Site orientation and ASHRAE climate conditions,

• Educational, State and local regulatory requirements (cooling load calculations based on the requirements of Title 24, 2013 and ASHRAE 62.1,


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2013, and occupancy loads based on student occupancy statement from the owner and other engineering judgments),

• Costs related to installation and operation (based on vendor supplied values correlated and compared with data from RS Means estimating information and other pricing experience from similar projects),

• Analyze and include the required fresh air requirements (minimum Outside Air – OA requirements) meeting the ventilation requirements as specified by Tile 24, 2013,

• Cooling and heating load analysis consider that all spaces are normally, positively pressurized (except areas which are required to be negatively pressurized to adjacent spaces, such as Kitchens).

• All weather data is based on data for Los Angeles Airport (LAX). This corresponds to 42F heating design dry bulb temperature (99.4% exceedance) and cooling design dry bulb as 84F and mean coincident wet bulb as 67F (0.5% exceedance). See section 5.2.1 for additional engineering data.

C. Recommendations

Proposed design recommendations include estimated project cost (including all design, construction and professional fees) and estimated payback period based on energy and maintenance cost savings, after modifications. Recommendations may include but are not limited to:

• Modification of existing HVAC system,

• Installation of new HVAC system,

• Retrofit of HVAC systems and equipment including ductwork, ceiling registers/diffusers, mixing boxes and related controls.

• Upgrade of existing control and/or new systems

D. Action plan for new installation, replacement and/or retrofit of existing

ventilation systems:

Arup has provided recommendation of system retrofit, including new or replacement systems and upgrades. After the District reviews and provides direction on proposed measures, organizes recommendations by site in logical order (by campus), and recommends the time frame to implement modification by each campus; the work may begin.

Recommendations provided in this report anticipates that District functions and activities in the analyzed facilities will remain the same (meaning campuses will be operational and will not be shut down), unless otherwise indicated by the District.


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E. Preliminary cost opinion

Arup prepared budgetary/preliminary cost opinions by site/campus for recommended design work.

2.2 Project Approach

In Arup’s original proposal dated November 10, 2015 we had offered to conduct this work under either a typical approach/schedule, or through an optional, “Expedited” delivery method that would significantly shorten the Study timeframe. Based upon our meeting with the District on December 4, 2015, we understood that the Expedited approach was desired by the District. The Arup Expedited Study delivery approach for this project completed the majority of site-based work of the Study while students were away on winter holiday break.

System Sampling Approach

Under the Expedited approach, sampling of HVAC systems was used. This means that Arup identified “groups” of similar equipment---based on vintage, condition, functionality, and/or capacity---and provided testing and analysis on a representative portion of those HVAC units. This sample set of equipment was investigated and then used to provide assumed test results, and the basis of assessments and recommendations, for the entire group of similar equipment. This approach significantly reduced the time required for any site-based work while providing a representative evaluation of all HVAC systems included in the Study. For example, when there is a similar group of Bard units, heat pumps, or multiple rooftop package units, it’s likely that if three or four pieces of equipment out of 10-15 similar units are not working, the others may be on the verge of failure and a replacement of all may be needed and beneficial.

Cost Estimating Approach

For our cost estimating efforts, HVAC equipment “assemblies” and templates were used. This approach took advantage of the fact that most classrooms are similar in a school (but we accounted for, and evaluated, different cooling zone solar exposures), that most offices are similar in a school, and that the HVAC solutions for gymnasiums are similar across District.

For this project, Arup has prepared our cost estimates at a Preliminary or Feasibility level which is considered a Class 4 Level Estimate.

See Section 5.3, Estimated Costs for more information on this approach and our assumptions. Unit costs estimate details are provided in Appendix E, Cost Estimate

Scope and Assumptions.


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Building Zoning Template

Individual spaces, in the load analysis completed for this report, have been zoned separately according to space type, occupancy, orientation and individual space control.

Common area assumptions (lighting loads, occupancy, ventilation, etc.) were used for each space type and HVAC load calculations (heating, cooling, and ventilation) used these assumptions and building code compliance requirements for those space types.

2.3 Deficiency Priorities (1-4)

In order to help prioritize which facilities should be addressed most immediately, we establish a correction priority for each deficiency. The priorities are applied manually as deficiencies are reviewed and evaluated according to the structure below:

PRIORITY 1 – Currently Critical (Immediate)

Deficiencies in this category require immediate action to:

1. Return a facility to normal operation

2. Stop accelerated deterioration

3. Correct a cited safety hazard

PRIORITY 2 - Potentially Critical (Year One)

Deficiencies in this category, if not corrected expeditiously, will become critical within a year. Situations in this category include:

1. Intermittent interruptions

2. Special conditions

3. Rapid deterioration

4. Potential safety hazards

5. Systems that have exceeded their expected service life and are observed to be malfunctioning.

PRIORITY 3 - Necessary - Not Yet Critical (Year Two - Five)

Deficiencies in this category include conditions requiring appropriate attention to preclude predictable deterioration or potential downtime and the associated damage or higher costs if deferred further. Systems that have exceeded their expected service life default into this category.

PRIORITY 4 – Recommended (Year Six - Ten)


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Deficiencies in this category include items that represent a sensible improvement to existing conditions. These items are not required for the most basic function of a facility. However, Priority 4 projects will either improve overall usability and/or reduce long term maintenance. This includes systems that are expected to have an extended service life due to a diligent maintenance program or better than average quality materials/installation.

2.4 Interactive Effects

The HVAC Study looked at most buildings at 16 SMMUSD sites. After beginning the study, decisions have been made that affect the considerations presented in the individual reports.

As the study progressed, other projects and District initiatives have altered considerations and will continue to alter specific conditions and situations at individual campuses. Accounting for and adjusting for these effects will be useful to consider as implementation of the HVAC Study recommendations progresses.

The most significant interactive effect involves the improvements planned at Santa Monica High School. Those complex considerations have been considered with focus on Phases 1-4 work being deleted from the scope of the HVAC Study recommendations as result of interactive effects and Phases 5-9 work being included in the HVAC Study recommendations, after interactive effects are considered.

The District identified “Hot Rooms” where blinds were provided to reduce solar heating. These reductions in heat gain were not calculated in this HVAC Study. The District may choose to permit their Engineer of Record and contractors, as implementation progresses with recommendations of HVAC Study, to provide smaller cooling systems, saving energy and buying reduced capacity equipment, reducing construction costs.

“Hot Rooms” done with MechoSystems Blinds in about a third of rooms and completed in 2016/17 may reduce the HVAC systems sizes used as the basis of costs in this HVAC Study.


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3 HVAC Campus Summaries

3.1 Edison Language Academy

3.1.1 Recommendations and Findings

• Edison has received significant HVAC improvements in recent years and has been excluded from the work of this study.

3.2 Franklin Elementary

Franklin Elementary School is located at 2400 Montana Avenue, Santa Monica, 90403.

The school has 47 classrooms, 15 of which are modular Bungalows.

The school has a functioning, on-site kitchen. The Cafeteria is used for dining and has additional uses for assemblies and it has a proscenium stage.

• Provide a package air conditioning unit for Building A (Kitchen and Cafeteria).

• Provide split air conditioning units for the Main Building (Building B) which has a viable boiler.

• Provide split heat pump units for Bldgs C-G.

• If Modular Buildings are kept, replace 4 Bard units within the work of this project and the remaining Bards as and when they fail. All Bard units are in poor condition. Three of the four are heating only Bard units.


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3.2.1 Franklin Elementary Recommended Items


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3.3 Grant Elementary

Grant Elementary School (ES) is located at 2368 Pearl Street, Santa Monica, 90405.

The school has 33 classrooms, ten (10) of which are modular Bungalows.

The school has a functioning, on-site kitchen. The Cafeteria is used for dining and has additional uses for assemblies.

The existing electrical services are sufficient to supply new air conditioning loads and HVAC improvements.

• Provide a mixture of package, gas-fired HVAC units and split systems to supply cooling to educational facilities.

• Add electrical sub-distribution to existing electrical services to supply power to new HVAC improvements.


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3.3.1 Grant Elementary Recommended Items


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3.4 John Adams Middle School

John Adams Middle School is located at 2425 16th Street, Santa Monica, 90405.

The school has 64 classrooms, none of which are modular Bungalows.


Three recently constructed classroom buildings have solar chimneys and earth tubes. These provide adequate cooling to these three buildings on this campus and provide a model that could be accomplished with new construction.




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3.4.1 John Adams Middle School Recommended Items


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3.5 John Muir Elementary and SMASH

John Muir Elementary School and SMASH are located at 2526 6th Street, Santa Monica, CA 90405.

The school has 34 classrooms.

Six Bard units at modular buildings must be replaced if modular buildings are to remain at this campus.


• Replace six Bard HVAC units at this campus if these modular buildings are to remain in service at John Muir ES.



3.5.1 John Muir Elementary and SMASH Recommended Items


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3.6 Juan Cabrillo Elementary

Cabrillo Elementary School is located at 30237 Morning View Drive, Malibu, 90265. The site provides Kindergarten and Child Care, in addition to the Elementary School.

The school has 22 classrooms, 4 of which are modular Bungalows (this count includes the Boys/Girls Club buildings across the sports fields from the main campus for Cabrillo ES.


• The four Bard Units must be replaced and one of these requires priority 1 attention due to its condition.




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3.6.1 Juan Cabrillo Elementary Recommended Items


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3.7 Lincoln Child Development Center

All classrooms, the offices, the Observation room and support spaces do not have air conditioning.

This is a single building with a gable roof and ventilation with gas heating, both located in attic, but not viewed during our site visit due to spaces locked and lack of keys permitting access.

A gas water heater was observed.

Ventilation intake and exhaust are visible, extending above the roof.

• Remove the existing ventilation system and heating and add VRF cooling and heating.

• Electrical service must be verified for voltage and load capacity.

3.7.1 Lincoln Child Development Center Recommended Items


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3.8 Lincoln Middle School

Lincoln MS is located at 1501 California Avenue, Santa Monica, 90403.



Building C was opened in 2015 and is operated without air conditioning except the choir rooms and Library.

• Add air conditioning for all of building C and adjust the ventilation approach that is used.




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3.8.1 Lincoln Middle School Recommended Items


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3.9 McKinley Elementary

McKinley Elementary School is located at 2401 Santa Monica Boulevard, Santa Monica, 90404. The 2009 census of students and staff is 405 people. The site provides pre-school and Kindergarten, in addition to the Elementary School. The school has 30 classrooms, 11 of which are modular Bungalows, and the school has 2 Daycare rooms.

The school has a functioning, on-site kitchen. The cafeteria is used for dining and has additional uses for dance and other physical activities.

• Replace nine of the Bard units, if modular buildings are continued to be used at this campus.



3.9.1 McKinley Elementary School Recommended Items


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3.10 Malibu High School and Middle School

Malibu High School (HS) is located at 30215 Morning view Drive, Malibu, CA, 90265.



Buildings A and B/C are planned to be replaced soon and are excluded from the recommendations of this report.

Building D has a core loop for condensing water and a cooling tower.

• The cooling system in Building D needs extensive repair and replacement as equipment is in poor condition.

• Buildings F and G have priority 1 repair issues that require attention.




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3.10.1 Malibu High School Recommended Items


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3.11 Olympic High School

Olympic High School is located at 721 Ocean Park Boulevard, Santa Monica, 90405.


The school has a non-functioning, on-site kitchen. The Cafeteria is used for dining and has additional uses for assemblies and it has a proscenium stage.

A recent HVAC project replaced furnaces, added some ventilation, and added a small amount of air conditioning.

• Complete HVAC improvements at Olympic HS.

• Replace four Bard units if the related modular buildings are to remain in use.



3.11.1 Olympic High School Recommended Items


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3.12 Point Dume Elementary

Point Dume Marine Sciences Elementary School is located at 6955 Fernhill Drive, Malibu, 90265.


The school has a functioning, on-site kitchen. The Cafeteria is used for

dining and has additional uses for assemblies and it has a proscenium stage.



3.12.1 Point Dume Elementary School Recommended Items


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3.13 Roosevelt Elementary

Roosevelt Elementary School is located at 801 Montana Avenue, Santa Monica, CA, 90403.



This campus has a large number of modular buildings with Bard units that require attention.

• Replace 12 Bard units if the related modular buildings are to remain in use at this campus.




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3.13.1 Roosevelt Elementary School Recommended Items


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3.14 Santa Monica High School

Santa Monica High School (HS) is located at 601 Pico Blvd, Santa Monica, CA, 90405.



Extensive work is planned for SaMo HS in coming years. Phases 1-4 create an interactive effect in the planning of

HVAC projects, deleting HVAC improvements for buildings that will be extensively remodeled or replaced. Buildings that may be removed or replaced in Phases 5-9 are considered for HVAC improvements within the scope of this report.

• Provide HVAC Improvements for buildings in Phases 5-9 of the SaMo HS campus improvements plan.




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3.14.1 Santa Monica High School Recommended Items


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3.15 Washington PDLC

All classrooms, the Library and its support spaces, the Cafeteria and Kitchen spaces, and the Principal’s Office Suite do not have air conditioning.

The Cafeteria with its proscenium stage has a dual furnace that is gas-fired and an air handling system that is low velocity, high volume to minimize sound from the HVAC system. The quality and acoustic program related to this system will require attention if HVAC system improvements are done to this system.

• No spaces have air conditioning.

• The existing Cafeteria has a proscenium stage and HVAC for this area includes a large ventilation unit having two gas-fired furnaces.

• It is recommended that Split Heat Pump systems provided for all regularly occupied rooms of this facility.

3.15.1 Washington PDLC Recommended Items


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3.16 Webster Elementary School

Webster Elementary School is located at 3602 Winter Canyon, Malibu, CA, 90265.





3.16.1 Webster Elementary School Recommended Items

3.17 Will Rogers Elementary

Will Rogers Elementary School (ES) is located at 2401 14th Street, Santa Monica, 90405.

The school has 40 classrooms, eleven (11) of which are modular Bungalows.


• The existing electrical service at Will Rogers ES is not sufficient and must be replaced to supply power necessary for the HVAC systems recommended by this report.



3.17.1 Will Rogers Elementary School Recommended Items

4 HVAC Analysis and Recommendations

4.1 HVAC System Selection Technique and Criteria

Numerous criteria affect the selection of HVAC systems. Code compliance and requirements, HVAC systems that are appropriate to the purpose, DSA acceptability and process, energy costs, maintenance costs and requirements, expected equipment and systems life, are some of the factors.

When there are multiple options possible, Options Relative Evaluations Tables are provided in this report that graphically depict relative comparisons of various factors. In the tables a scale of 1 to 5 has been used and scaled with color from white to green. “5” is best and green is best. However, since First Cost is a dominant factor in this analysis, that rating scale is emphasized by using 0 – 10, in lieu of the scale of 0 – 5 used for the other items on the Tables.

Additional detail describing the criteria displayed on these multiple option comparison tables are as follows:

First Cost: the lowest first cost would be 10 and the greenest, color. This represents the highest value when First Cost is considered. These costs include equipment costs, installation costs, and demolition costs. They also include design and permitting costs.

Energy Cost Value: energy cost value is the cost of energy, as paid in utility bills, relative to other options being compared. Green is the lowest energy cost, and the greatest value to the District.

System Life: White to Green is the median relative system life, compared to other options with the darker green being the longest Service Life, “best value”. For the systems considered in this report, heat pumps generally have shorter life than other HVAC equipment. VRF systems are considered equivalent to heat pumps. Electric cooling, gas-fired package units have the longer average System Lives.

Constructability: This criteria compares how easily an option might be built, compared to the similar options being considered. This criteria also compares the final result and its effect on the facility. Two examples: one might be very easily built but might cause significant changes to the site which might not be desirable, while another option might be just a bit more difficult to build but it has no effect on the site and use of the facility. The first might be 3 and light green while the second option might be 5 and deep green.

School Disruption: options that might easily be implemented during school breaks, weekends, evenings, or that cause no significant disruption to school activities would be 5 and deep green. When options cause school facilities to be

unavailable during normal school activities, compared to other options being compared, their value ratings will be less than “5” and colors will be closer to white than to green.

Maintenance: some HVAC systems just need occasional filter and belt replacements. Other options require special water treatment, annual controls operation confirmation and adjustments, and sometime annual replacements. Options that require less maintenance than other options will be “5” and dark green.

Scores Average: This is a numerical summation for an option of the criteria values, described above, and divided by the number of criteria. An individual criteria may become more important to the District in a selection of an option and negate a higher average score, but usually the darker/greener, and the higher the average score would be the more desirable option.

The following is a sample of the graphical display

used to develop and represent the HVAC Systems

recommendations in the reports for each building

at each school.

See the report for each school for options

evaluations.

Table 2 Options Relative Evaluations Sample

Documents

Santa Monica -Malibu Unified School Districtfipcontractors.smmusd.org/Data/Sites/6/documents/malibu/... · Santa Monica -Malibu Unified School District District Wide HVAC Study –