Savremeni balkan u klju;u geopolitike

8/7/2019 Savremeni balkan u klju;u geopolitike

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...........................................................142INSTEAD OF CONCLUSION: GEOCULTURE OF DEVELOPMENT,

EUROINTEGRATION PROCESSES AND THE CULTURE OF PEACE

AT THE BALKANS ............................................................................... 145

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CONTENTS ............................................................................................ 158

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FOREWORD

Geopolitics, which is not only bourgeois but also nationaland racial science, at the end of the XX century, like phoenix,experiences its renewal and the new beginning. Of course, in theperiod of formal global geopolitics and transcontinental geostrategy.People who know better for this phenomenon write aboutmetamorphosis in the last century of geopolitics into geoeconomy atthe end of the XX century and geoculture in the XXI century. All inall, in the period of globalization when the network society, globaleconomy, deteritorialization of state sovereignty and post-nationalconstellations rise, the geopolitics hasnt lost its importance.

The Balkans as a regional geoarea has lost its geopoliticalrate after 1989. Is it so? The events in the last twenty years whichoppose this statement show that the Balkans experienced geopoliticaltransition from the East to the West from one form of periphery in theSoviet Empire to another, in the period of new periphery of Europeancapitalism.

This book comprises the authors sociological andgeocultural essays on the contemporary Balkans which the author haspresented at scientific conferences in the country and abroad and has

published in the last three years within the project The culture ofpeace, identity and interethnic relations in Serbia and the Balkans inthe context of Eurointegration (149014 D) which is financed by theMinistry of science, Republic of Serbia. Their common feature is thefocus on the Balkans in the context of the global and regionalprocesses in the key of contemporary geopolitics, that is the games ofthe global power relations. Convinced that they will contribute to theunderstanding of the geopolitical transition processes of the Balkansand the essence of their social relations in this geoarea, the authorpublishes them in this respectable edition.

I would like to thank the reviewers Academic Mihailo Markovi, Prof.Zoran orevi, Ph.D. and director of the Institute for politicalstudies inBelgrade Dr. Zivojin Djuric for cooperation and their contribution to

publish these essays.

Author

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INSTEAD OF CONCLUSION: GEOCULTURE OFDEVELOPMENT, EUROINTEGRATION PROCESSES

AND THE CULTURE OF PEACE AT THEBALKANS

1. Contemporary Balkan region has a powerful ontology (M.Todorova) that needs to be understood since otherwise it would be difficultto decipher the dynamics of the current social, political and culturalprocesses.

2. Exploring the specific geoculture of the Balkan developmentcan lead to syncretic and relevant conclusions about the relationshipsamong geography, culture and politics in the region as well as about theeffect of both the rational strategies of social actors and of the irrationalfactors (matrices of the collective unconscious (Jung)) in the socialchanges at the Balkans in the past and at present.

3. At the Balkan cross and the geopolitical knot there areachievements of numerous civilization and cultures intersecting, even moremixed with the Balkan ethnic cocktail (Z. Bzezynsky) and geostrategicgames of the great powers. Their influence gives a specific picture of thisregion as divided both outside and inside, torn between the past and thepresent, between the processes of retraditionalization and modernization.

4. The production of war and peace at the Balkans, in the past and

at present, unfortunately, has been more dependent on the great powerrelations than interrelations among the Balkan peoples. However, there willbe no lasting peace and stability in the region without the mutual agreementof the peoples in the Balkans themselves.

5. Most of the Balkan countries, after an implosion of socialism inthe process of transition, follow the neoliberal strategy of dependentmodernization which makes this region a new zone of peripherization ofeconomy and society.

6. Balkan elites are turned toward the challenges ofEurointegration and they transmit the same trend to the rest of thepopulation. In this formula they are looking for a way out of the presentcritical state just as they see in it a perspective for their future development.

7. The balance of the geopolitical transition of the Balkans at theend of the XX century and the beginning of the new millennium can be

reflected in the following: most of the Balkan countries has chosen to enterthe European Union, the role of Russia in the Balkans has been suppressed,the NATOization and protectoratization of this area have beenaccomplished; that the Serbs and Serbian people are at the crossroads andthat they are isolated so that this position could be described in Jovan

145


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not pacified war and an as yet not created peace. Therefore, the building ofa new culture of peace and of the policy of multiculturalism and ethnictolerance is the key link of the modern policy of the Balkan development.

11. The culture of peace at the Balkans is connected with global,regional and national strategies of the social development as well as thepredominance of structural inequalities in the modern world. No lastingpeace is possible among the nations if they are socially fragmented andclass-enslaved. The inner freedom of citizens and peoples has alwaysconditioned, more or less, their external freedom as well as the quality oftheir inter-national, inter-state and global relations and vice versa.

12. Only in the context of social democratic development and theprocesses of regional and European integration can we expect progress andpeace at the Balkans. If not, new divisions and conflicts that would furtherdevastate this geospace are possible.

13. The exploration of the rational assumptions for development,peace and integration at the Balkans is the most important task of scientistsand intellectuals. There is no greater mission than that of the intellectuals toserve, with their own research, the truth, goodness, emancipation and peaceamong people and nations.

147


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Publishing Company, Belmout, California, 1991.Thual. F. :Les conflits identitaires, Elipses, Paris, 1995.Thual. F i Larot, P. : La geopolitique,Montihrestien, Paris,

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, , , , , 2007, .37-42.

, , , , 04. 12.2007.

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..................................................................................6

1.

XXI ...........................................................................9

2. : ...........................................19

3. , .....................................................................29

4. ...............41

5. ............................................................53

6. , ...........73

7. , ............91

8. ........................................................103

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9. ........................................................................................111

10. , ........................................................................................117

11. , ..................................................................129

: .......................142

................................................................................148

......................................................................................160

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CONTENTS

FOREWORD..7

1. THE BALKANS IN THE GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXTFOR THE XXI CENTURY AND THEGEOSTRATEGICAL GAMES IN THE MODERNWORLD.....9

2. THE GEOPOLITICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTSOF TRANSITION OF ONE REGIONAL AREA: FROMTHE BALKANS TO THE SOUTH-EAST EUROPE.19

3. THE BALKANS, EUROINTEGRATION PROCESSESAND THE CHALLENGES OF EUROASIAN IDEA INTHE MODERN WORLD..29

4. THE POSITION AND THE ROLE OF SERBIAAND THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA IN THE KEY OFGEOCULTURE AND THE GEOPOLITICS OF THEBALKAN GLOBALIZATION..41

5. GEOPOLITICAL TRANSITION OF SERBIA AND THEBALKANS AND THE FEATURES OF REGIONALCONFLICTS...53

6. NEOLIBERALISM, SOCIODARWINIZATION OFRELATIONSHIPS IN THE WORLD ANDTHE CULTURE OF DEATH....73

7. THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE ASYMMETRICAL MODELOF GLOBALIZATION ON INTERNATIONALRELATIONS, GEOPOLITICAL BALKAN TRANSITIONAND THE POSITION OF SERBIA.91

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8. SERBIA AND RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXTS OF THECONTEMPORARY GEOPOLITICAL BALKANTRANSITION...103

9. THE GEOPOLITICAL TRANSITION OF BALKANSAND NEW EUROPE AND THEIR ROLE IN THEMONOCENTRIC WORLD GLOBALIZATION.111

10. STRUCTURAL INEQUALITIES, CONFLICTSAND THE CULTURE OF PEACE.117

11. LANGUAGE, IDENTITY AND THE SPIRITUALUNITY OF SERBIAN PEOPLE IN THE PERIOD OFGLOBALIZATION..129

INSTEAD OF CONCLUSION: THE BALANCE OFGEOPOLITICAL BALKAN TRANSITION AND THECULTURE OF PEACE...145

LITERATURE...149

NOTES ON AUTHOR..160

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. (1943) , . . , , (2006-2010). .

400 , , , , . : (1970), (1980), (1984), (1985),

(1992), (1994), : (1996), (1997), (1999), (1999), : , (1999), (2000), (2000), La globalisation et lesacteurs (2001), The Bal-kans The Border as well as the Bridge Amongthe Cultures and Peoples (2001), Globalization and the Balkans (2002), (2003), (2003), (2003), (2004), (2005), (2005), (2006), (2006),

(2007), , (2008).

E-mail: [email protected]

160
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, . / . . : , 2008. ( : ).

160 . ; 21 cm

300. : . 154-155.- : . 160. . : . 148-153.

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