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8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/screening-and-diagnosis-colorectal-cancer 1/6
Screening and Diagnosis
• All average-risk adults aged 50 years or older should undergo one or
more of the following: annual Fecal occult blood test, e!iblesigmoidosco"y every 5 years, double-contrast barium enema #D$%&'
every 5 years, $( colonogra"hy every 5 years, or $olonosco"y every)0 years* All "ositive tests should be followed u" with a colonosco"y*
• +igh-risk "atients, including those with a "ersonal or family history of
colorectal cancer or "oly"s, or a history of inammatory bowel disease,Should be screened earlier and more freuently*
• Adults with signs or sym"toms consistent with colorectal neo"lasmshould undergo testing to e!clude the "resence of a mass*
Genetic Counselingndividuals who are identi.ed as at risk can be o/ered counseling on thegenetics of hereditary cancer, genetic testing o"tions and risk reduction*
ndications for a colonuterine cancer genetics evaluation include:• ndividuals who have two close relatives with colon andor uterine
cancer at any age*
• ndividuals who have been diagnosed with "oly"osis # 1 )0 "oly"sfound in the colon' or close relatives of an individual diagnosed with"oly"osis*
• ndividuals who have had colon or uterine cancer "rior to age 50*
• ndividuals who have had two se"arate colon cancers or both colon anduterine cancer at any age*
8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer
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Fecal Occult Blood TestA microsco"ic e!amination of feces is checked for blood*
8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer
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Digital Rectal ExamA "hysical e!amination of the inside of the rectum to feel for lum"s or anyunusual masses*
8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer
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8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer
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SigmoidoscopyAn e!amination of the rectum and lower colon with a lighted .ber-o"tic tubeinserted through the anus* n addition to looking for "oly"s, abnormal areasor cancer, the sigmoidosco"e can often take sam"les of sus"icious areas forbio"sy*
ColonoscopyAn e!amination of the rectum and entire colon with a e!ible lighted .ber-o"tic tube inserted through the anus* (he colonosco"e3s is long enough toe!amine the entire colon* 4ike a sigmoidosco"e, a colonosco"e can take