Section 3 Response to Crisis: Absolutism.

The emergence of Absolute power.

Response to Crisis in EuropeIncreasing

monarchies power=stability–Absolutism: ruler

holds total power–Divine Right

•power from God & answer only to God

(Absolutism of France) Model of Absolutism Louis XIII-King age 9

• Chief minister: Cardinal Richelieu–Goal: strong monarchy

• Took away political & military rights of Huguenots

• Executed threats Louis XIV- king age 4

– Chief minister Cardinal Mazarin • Took power from nobles

=strong central gov

Louis XIV (4th) “Sun King” Lived at Versailles

1.House of Louis XIV2.state offices 3.Home of officials (nobles)-

didn’t trust.– busy court life- kept out of

politics– Kept at Versailles- watched– Help control providences

Louis XIV’s absolute power over • policy• Church

– Huguenots to Catholicism• Taxes

Louis XIV Economy & War Economy

– Jean-Baptiste Colbert -finances• mercantilism

– decreased imports –high tariffs – increased exports –built roads, canals & merchant

fleet– subsidies ($) to new industries

Military– Large army =power/ competitor– 4wars –goal-territory=power

• nations form coalitions-prevent French domination Died 1715

– debt & enemies

Absolutism in Central & Eastern EuropeAfter 30 yrs War -300 German states

– Prussia• Absolutist Leader: Frederick William the

Great Elector–large army–General War Commissariat: taxes for the

army & civil gov. agency– Austria

• large empire• Couldn’t become absolutist state –too

many nationalities• Common ruler-Hapsburg emperor

Russia -Peter the Great Ivan IV: first czar (Absolutist)

– “Ivan the Terrible”– Expanded territory

eastward– Crushed nobilities

( boyars) power– Dynasty ended in 1598

“Time of Troubles”– Michael Romanov czar

1613• Romanov dynasty

lasted until 1917

Russia Under Peter the Great Peter the Great: Romanov dynasty

– Absolutist monarch-czar 1689– “Europeanize” Russia

• technology• customs• Western trade port –St.

Petersburg (capital)– Military

• Drafted peasants (serve 25 yr) • massive army & navy=power• Divided Russia into provinces

–“police states” of well ordered communities