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Sensors, Bluetooth, and the IoT
Sandeep Kamath Texas Instruments
www.SensorsCon.org
March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
What’s driving the Internet of Things (IoT)?
Lower cost Wi-Fi and other IP based radios Smart phones and tablets enabling remote control anywhere
Cloud Connectivity
Energy conservation awareness and legislation is increasing
new standards such as SEP 2.0 and Econnet
Smart Energy
Personal accessories connected to a phone, a car or other mobile hubs
The Mobile Hub
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Industrial in the IoT
Flow & pressure sensors
Wirelessly connected LED lighting & energy management
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Automotive in the IoT
Keyless entry, interior lighting, mirror control, sensors
Navigation, Bluetooth hands free & audio, Wi-Fi
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Homes in the IoT
Security & safety system, sensors
Smart home energy gateway, thermostats, sensors
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Fitness and healthcare in the IoT
Safe independent living with fall detection, medication monitoring, etc.
Informed workouts with activity & performance measurement
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March 6 2014
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Connecting everything wirelessly
50 billion connected devices anticipated by 2020
Lighting
Automotive
Home automation
Sports equipment
Appliances
Wearables
Telehealth Industrial
Electronic Shelf
Remote control toys
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Wireless sensor requirements
Long battery life, low power
OS integration on mobile hubs
Easy development tools
IP compatibility
Sensor data collection engine & memory
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
IoT: Why now?
• More products are adding intelligence with MCUs for more sophisticated control.
• Advancements in sensor technology
• Adding connectivity is getting easier & cheaper.
• New silicon delivers battery-enabled applications.
• Wi-Fi and Internet access widely available.
• Tablets, PCs and smartphones broadly available.
• Customer benefits are now clearer.
We are at the IoT inflection point
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Bluetooth Low Energy
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Bluetooth – The 1st Wave
• Point-to-point solutions • Wireless audio was the main application • 7 billion Bluetooth enabled devices • Focus on cable replacement
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March 6 2014
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Bluetooth low energy – 2nd Wave
Billions of Bluetooth Smart Ready devices turning data into
information through apps
Billions of Bluetooth Smart & Classic Bluetooth devices
securely sending data
Smart Home/Energy Automotive Health & Fitness Consumer Electronics
Mobile Phones Tablets Personal Computers Connected Televisions
New Applications Lower cost. Lower power
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
What is Bluetooth low energy?
• Part of Bluetooth 4.0 / 4.1
• Wireless Personal Area Network technology
• Target Applications: – Low Power – Low Latency – Low Throughput
• Spread Market and Application Areas
– Entertainment, Sports & Fitness – Home Automation, Security & Proximity – Medical, Industrial & Automotive
13
Slave
Master
Slave
Slave
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
[Mbps] 50
3
1
11
6
1
Bluetooth low energy vs WiFi/BT
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WiFi
BLE BT
BLE WiFi Li-Ion
AAA
Coin Cell
Smallest Power Source Required
Technology
WiFi
BLE BT
Maximum Throughput (Symbol rate)
Technology
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Connection Events • All communication between two connected devices occur during Connection Events
– Occur even when one (or both) sides have no data to send – Occurs periodically
15 Sleeping
Connection Events
time
Current draw [mA]
Sleeping
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March 6 2014
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Bluetooth low energy Device Roles • A Bluetooth low energy device can operate in four profile roles:
– Peripheral
• An advertiser that is connectable • Operates as a slave in a connection • Example: Heart Rate Sensor
– Central
• Scans for advertisements and initiates connections • Operates as a master in connections. • Examples: Smartphone, Tablet, PC
– Broadcaster
• An advertiser that is non-connectable • Examples: Temperature Sensor, Location Beacon
– Observer
• Scans for advertisements, but cannot initiate connections • Example: Temperature Display
16
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March 6 2014
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Heart Rate Profile
Profiles and Services • A Profile defines and describes
the use of Services necessary to implement a given Application
• Bluetooth SIG adopted examples:
– Heart Rate Profile • Heart Rate Service (HRS) • Device Information Service (DIS)
– Proximity Profile • Link Loss Service • Immediate Alert Service
– Find Me Profile • Immidiate Alert Service
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Profile
Service Characteristic
Properties
Value
Descriptor
Characteristic
Properties
Value
Descriptor
...
HRS Measurement
Notify
98
User. Disc.
GATT = Generic Attribute Profile
DIS System ID
Read Only
XX ... XX
User. Disc.
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
GATT Architecture • GATT specifies the structure in which data is stored and exchanged. • Servers have data, which are exposed using characteristics. • Clients want to use this data
18
Server
Client Requests or Commands
Responses
Service
Characteristic
Characteristic
…
Service
Characteristic
Characteristic
…
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Demo: Bluetooth low energy SensorTag
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CC2541
IMU-3000 Rotation
KTXJ9 Acceleration
MAG3110 Magnetic Field
SHT21 Humidity
T5400 Pressure
TMP006 Temperature
Push Buttons
LEDs
I2C
Central Device – Master + Client (wants data)
Peripheral Device – Slave + Server (has data)
Sensor Data
Configuration
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March 6 2014
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Pressure sensor IR Temperature
sensor
SensorTag: Six sensors, one small board Compass
Accelerometer
Gyroscope
User Buttons
Airflow for Humidity Sensor
Debug Header
MCU + BLE Transciever
PCB Antenna
Humidity sensor Pairing Button
LEDs
DCDC Converter
CR2032 Coincell Battery Holder
Interface Connector For EZ430 battery packs
(optional)
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
How can YOU create with the SensorTag? • Easy development
– All sensors individually controlled from a smartphone/tablet (makes RF easy)
– No embedded SW knowledge required – Over-the-air downloads of firmware updates
• Free App brings sensors to life – Demonstrates the use of all sensors – iOS app available today on App Store – Android app available on Google Play – Download new firmware directly from the app – Source code available for download
• Low cost – Affordable $25 dev kit with royalty-free software – FCC, IC and ETSI certified solution = no certification
cost for you
• 3rd party App support – Use techBASIC App builder to make SensorTag apps
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March 6 2014
Santa Clara, CA
Bluetooth low energy SensorTag
What can YOU create?
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March 6 2014
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