Session 2 P2 JanJaap Brinkman Deltares JCDS

8/13/2019 Session 2 P2 JanJaap Brinkman Deltares JCDS

1/20

Integrated GOI-GON Delta approach

Jakarta Coastal DefenceStrategy (JCDS) study

Flood Risk Management andUrban Resilience

May 2, 2012

Towards a public-private partnershipfor the coastal development and protection of Jakarta

Excellent opportunitiesfor Jakarta

JanJaap Brinkman, Deltares

Greater Jakarta2nd largest urban area, 30-35 million people

Jakarta bay

Vulcanos, 2000-3000 meter

Bogor

Bekasi TanggerangJakarta

Depok

5 m/year

2 m/year

30 km


2/20

The Issues of Jakarta

too much, too little,too dirty, too busy

Spatial planning

Floods

Water supply

Catchment

Water quality

Solid waste

Subsidence

Traffic

Rapid expansion: 2010 - 2025


3/20

The floods of JakartaGoI GoN Partnership

Floods from the rain (2007 2009) Towards Jakarta Flood Management - JFM

Flood Hazard Mapping FHM DKI / BBCilCis City flood rehabilitation World Bank: JEDI/JUFMP

Floods from the sea (2010 2014) Towards Jakarta Coastal Defence Strategy and

Master Planning (JCDS)

Jakarta, the floods (Rob)from the sea


4/20

It started withPluit - November 26, 2007 ESA Jakarta subsidence

Up to 18 cm/year

Up to 10 cm/ye

Up to 12 cm/year


5/20

Jakarta Coastal Defence Strategy (JCDS) Study Heri Andreas 2011

Subsidence MapSubsidence map of Jakarta 1974-2010:

-4,1 meter

-1,4 meter -2,1 meter

-0,7 meter

-0.25 meter

Total subsidence -25 up to -400 cm ; rate -0.5 up to -17 cm/year -4,1 meter -2,1 meter

-1,4 meter -0,7 meter

-0.25 meter

First recorded of levelingdata were in 1974. Base

on acumulated data,interpolation and

extrapolation we can makesubsidence map of Jakarta

from year 1974 up to 2010.Base on latest analysis of piezometricsurface data found that initial condition

of subsidence were probably on 1965.In this case in the near future we will try

to modeled subsidence map of Jakartafor year 1965 up to 2011

Future subsidence

Deep groundwater abstraction


6/20

FUTURE LAND SUBSIDENCE JAKARTA

PERIOD 2010-2030

When deep groundwaterabstraction continues atcurrent rate, Jakarta willsink 5-6 meters till 2100

When deep groundwater is stopped in 2020,Jakarta sinking can belimited to 1.5 - 2 meters

Protection against floods from the sea

Large scale intervention required for aresilient Jakarta

Pluit 1989-2007 2007-2025 Total

Sea level rise 4-6 cm 4-6cm 8-12 c

MinimumSubsidence

100-200 cm 100-200 cm 200-4

Two main directions Smart retreat, evacuate

north Jakarta (orange/redarea)

Advance, move forward toJakarta Bay


7/20

Immediate governmentresponse

November 26,2007

December 23,2007

November 15,2008

November 15,2008

Sea level versus River and Sea Wall somewhere in Jakarta

Without the walls at least 25 airportclosures over the past 3 years


8/20

Pluit Febr 2011Water level 2.28

Water Management System

Gravi ty f low

Polders in 2030 (pumped) Main f loodways

13 Rivers


9/20

Water Management System

Main f loodways

13 Rivers

Influence of the sea Strategic Direction


10/20

Effectiveness of floodcontrol based on phasedimplementation of CoastalDefense Infrastructure

Sustainability based onAdditional Measures tostop land subsidence andcontrol water quality

Feasibility based onInvestment Opportunitiesfor private sector

19

Strategic direction Stage 1 (until 2020)

R

R

P


11/20

Stage 2 (Until 2030)

Sea andRiver Dikes

RetentionPonds

PumpingStations

Option 3

When Jakarta keeps sinking(when deep groundwater abstraction is not stopped)

Jakarta closureOffshore with main floodways

closed


12/20

febr 1-5,2007,Outflow m3/sEBC-CAK-CIL-Manggarai

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

1 9 1 7 2 5 3 3 4 1 4 9 5 7 6 5 7 3 8 1 8 9 9 7 1 0 5 1 1 3 1 2 1

m 3 / s

febr 1-5,2007, Outflow m3/sFlood 2007

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1 9 1 7 2 5 3 3 4 1 4 9 5 7 6 5 7 3 8 1 8 9 9 7 1 0 5 1 13 12 1

m 3 / s

The flood characteristics of 2007Pump capacity 200 and 500 m3/sPump storage area 100 and 50 km2

321,440,052 m3249,312,490 m3

I nf lo w 0 1- Fe b 0 5- Fe b 3 21 ,4 40 ,0 52 m 3S to ra ge a re a 3 0, 00 0 1 ,6 00 4 8, 00 0, 00 0 m 2Increase 6.70 m

p ump m 3/ s 5 5 00 2 16 ,0 00 ,0 00 m 3I nf lo w - p ump in g 1 05 ,4 40 ,0 52 m 3m increase 2.20 m

Flood volume

I nf lo w 0 1- Fe b 0 5- Fe b 3 21 ,4 40 ,0 52 m 3S to ra ge a re a 3 0, 00 0 3 ,3 00 9 9, 00 0, 00 0 m 2Increase 3.25 m

pump m3/ s 5 200 86,400,000 m3I nf lo w - p ump in g 2 35 ,0 40 ,0 52 m 3m increase 2.37 m

Still many areas flooded

Outflow

Off-Land direction

Off-shore dike

Inner lake

Off-shore dike

Inner lake

e.g. Petersburg, Venice, New Orleans, The Netherlands


13/20

Area ofDKI Jakarta

13 Rivers

EBCWBC

Future polder area

Higher landarea

CFW

Jakarta CoastalDefense Strategy

Opt ion 3 :Offshore with main

rivers closed

DevelopmentStage 3 (beyond 2030)

R

R

P


14/20

How can land subsidence bestopped?

Land subsidence can only bestopped, if deep ground waterextraction is replaced by pipedWater Supply

Sea andRiverDikes

RetentionPonds

PumpingStations

WaterSupply

27

CoastalDefense

AdditionalMeasures

How can we improve the water qualityin the retention basin?

Improve water quality of riversthat discharge into retention basin

Improve household and industrialwaste collection and disposal, andconduct awareness campaignsamong communities on riverbanks

Develop flushing scheme and dryweather flow cleaning

Sea andRiverDikes

RetentionPonds

PumpingStations

WS

Sewand

CoastalDefense

AM


15/20

How can we prevent that resettlementbecomes a social and political obstacle?

Minimize need for land acquisitionand resettlement, and provide faircompensation

Allocate 300 hectares, or 10% of theland reclamation area of 3000hectares for resettlement of 60000people

Develop alternative locations alongnew sea dikes for fishing ports, shiprepair, coastal recreation

Sea andRiverDikes

RetentionPonds

PumpingStations

WaterSupply

Sewerageand

Waste

Resettle-ment

29

CoastalDefense

AdditionalMeasures

What are investment opportunitiesbetween the dikes?

Land reclamation of 3000 habetween dike on existing coastline and dike at -8 m depth anddike at -14 m

Water recreation, watertransport, fish-farming, fresh

water storage, etc. in retentionbasin

Estimated profit 30 billion US$

Sea andRiverDikes

RetentionPonds

PumpingStations

WaterSupply

Sewerageand

Waste

Resettle-ment

CoastalDefense

AdditionalMeasures O


16/20

Land Reclamation

Land reclamationLand Reclamation

31

What are investment opportunitieson top of dikes?

Access road on top of dikealong existing coast line

Toll road and double railwaytrack on top of dike along landreclamation as connectionbetween airport, seaport,industrial zones

Toll road on top of sea dike at 6

km from existing coast line asby-pass that is part of thenational Merak-Surabaya tollroad

Sea andRiverDikes

RetentionPonds

PumpingStations

WaterSupply

Sewerageand

Waste

Resettle-ment

CoastalDefense



17/20

Roads and railway tracks

Toll roadBy-pass Connector Access Road

33

What are investment opportunitiesoutside dikes?

Deep seaport between outersea dike at -14 m depth andsea dike along landreclamation at -8 m depth.

Sea andRiverDikes

RetentionPonds

PumpingStations

WaterSupply

Sewerageand

Waste

Resettle-ment

CoastalDefense



18/20

Deep Seaport

Deep sea port Deep Seaport

35

To new conceptsCombine safety and development

The liveable dike


19/20

With all stakeholders

With theprivate sector

PPP

Jakarta Urban resilience throughintense coordination and integration

Coastal Defense infrastructure and AdditionalMeasures are not profitable (-) and depend onpublic funding. Business InvestmentOpportunities are profitable (+) and dependon private funding.

Based on an overall Cost-Benefit Analysis,each investment in itself is not financiallyfeasible, but combined into an integratedstrategic package the overall investmentbecomes feasible.

Moreover, the integrated strategic solutionwill not only protect North Jakarta againstflooding, but also solve its drinking watershortage, river water pollution and notorioustraffic jams.

Protection against flooding, combined withreclamation of land, provision ofinfrastructure, and environmentalimprovements, are expected to turn NorthJakarta into an attractive place to live, workand invest.

Sea andRiverDikes

RetentionPonds

PumpingStations

WaterSupply

Sewerageand

Waste

Resettle-ment

Publicfunding

Publicfunding

AdditionalMeasures

IOp

CoastalDefense


20/20

FromCoastal Defence

toCoastal Development

but alwaysTowards a safe and resilient

Jakarta

Stopthe

sinking Thank you!

Documents

Session 2 P2 JanJaap Brinkman Deltares JCDS