Sexvedra -is proeqt `mmarTveloba ganviTarebisTvis ...qimia da Warbi wona, axali samedicino preparatebi, axali biologiuri polimere-bis sinTezi. ianvari 3 sul axlaxan gamomcemloba `meri-dianma

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #1. ianvari. 2015.

C M Y K

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis

saxelmwifo universiteti

a k a d e m i u r i s a b W o

misamarTi: 6010, q. baTumi,

tel/faqsi: (+995 222) 27 17 87

ninoSvilis q., #35

el.fosta: [email protected]

d a d g e n i l e b a ##4

2015 wlis 22 ianvari, q. baTumi

ssip „baTumis SoTa rusTavelis

saxelmwifo universitetis“

reqtoris arCevnebis

gamocxadebis Sesaxeb

„umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos ka-

nonis 21-e muxlis 1-li punqtis, 22-e muxlis 6-8

punqtebis, ssip - baTumis SoTa rusTa¬velis saxel-

mwifo universitetis wesdebis me-8, 25-e, 37-39-e

muxlebisa da akademiuri sabWos 2015 wlis 22 ianv-

ris ?3 dadgenilebis safuZvelze, akademiurma sab-

Wom

d a a d g i n a:

1. ssip - „baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo

universiteti“-s (bsu-s) reqtoris Tanamdebobis

dasakaveblad arCevnebi gamocxaddes 2015 wlis 22

ianvars;

2. bsu-s reqtoris Tanamdebobis dasakaveblad

kandidats moeTxoveba:

a) umaRlesi ganaTleba;

b) doqtoris an masTan gaTanabrebuli akademiu-

ri xarisxi.

g) 5 wlis samuSao staJi;

d) samoqmedo gegma.

3. kandidatTa registracia iwarmoebs bsu–s sa-

arCevno komisiaSi (q.baTumi, ninoSvilis q. #35,

oTaxi #4), 2015 wlis 23 Tebervlidan 2015 wlis 6

martis CaTvliT, SabaT–kvirisa da uqme dReebis

garda, 10 sT-dan 16 sT-mde.

4. kandidatma unda warmoadginos:

a) samoqmedo gegma;

b) piradobis damadasturebeli mowmobis asli;

g) 2 cali fotosuraTi, zomiT;

d) avtobiografia (C.V.)e) umaRlesi ganaTlebisa da doqtoris an masTan

gaTanabrebuli akademiuri xarisxis damadasture-

beli dokumentebis saTanado wesiT damowmebuli

aslebi;

v) amonaweri Sromis wignakidan/informacia

SromiTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb;

z) cnoba narkologiuri Semowmebis Sesaxeb;

T) cnoba nasamarTlobis Sesaxeb;

5. bsu-s reqtoris arCevnebi Catardes 2015 wlis

16 marts. reqtoris arCevnebamde bsu-s akademiuri

sabWo moismens bsu-s reqtorobis kandidatis samo-

qmedo gegmas.

6. bsu-s reqtoris arCevnebis gamocxadebis

Sesaxeb gancxadeba ganTavsdes bsu-s veb-gverdze

da bsu-Si yvelasaTvis TvalsaCino adgilebze (sain-

formacio dafebze) kandidatebis registraciis

vadis dasrulebamde, aseve gamoqveyndes gazeTSi

"baTumis universiteti".

7. dadgenileba amoqmeddes xelmowerisTanave.

akademiuri sabWos sxdomis Tavmjdomare,

profesori guram Caganava

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelm-

wifo universitetis humanitarul

mecnierebaTa fakultetis qarTvelo-

logiis centris mesame saerTaSoriso

samecniero konferencia gaimarTa Te-

maze „muhajirebi“. samecniero sesia

`sazRvargareT mcxovreb qarTvelTa

dasaxlebebisa da yofis kvlevis“ pro-

eqtis farglebSi Catarda da miznad

isaxavda bolo erTi wlis warmoebuli

kvleva-Ziebis Sedegebis gacnobas.

konferenciaze qarTvel mecniereb-

Tan erTad ucxoelma mkvlevrebma me-

19 saukuneSi samxreT saqarTvelodan

TurqeTis Sida provinciaSi gadasax-

lebuli qarTvelebis (muhajirebis)

istoriisa da maT STamomavalTa Tana-

medrove yofisadmi miZRvnili moxse-

nebebi warmoadgines.

erdoRan Senoli da mustafa qola-

Ti konferenciis muSaobaSi moxsene-

biT „qarTuli enis jgufi nurosmani-

es skolaSi“ sofel nurosmaniedan Ca-

erTnen da TurqeTSi saqarias provin-

ciis geives raionis sofel nurosmani-

es skolaSi arsebuli qarTuli enis

Semswavleli jgufis saqmianoba gaac-

nes.

mesame saerTaSoriso samecniero

konferencia `muhajirebi~

USAID-is proeqt „mmarTveloba ganviTare-

bisTvis“ warmomadgenlebi baTumis SoTa rusTa-

velis saxelmwifo universitets ewvivnen. umaR-

lesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis reqto-

ris moadgileebTan irakli baramiZesa da naTia

wiklaSvilTan gamarTul Sexvedraze proeqtis

xelmZRvanelma mailo stevanoviCma samomavlo

TanamSromlobis mimarTulebebsa da perspeqti-

vebze isaubra. mxareTa SeTanxmebiT, daigegma

erToblivi proeqtebis ganxorcieleba, stu-

dentebis CarTva staJirebis programaSi, saja-

ro leqciebisa da treningebis Catareba.

organizacia `moqalaqis~ proeqtis

`studentebi TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis~

farglebSi baTumis SoTa rusTavelis

saxelmwifo universitetSi treningebi

gaimarTa. proeqtSi pirvel etapze bsu-s

studentebisagan dakompleqtebuli 12

gundi monawileobda, romelTagan meo-

re da mesame turze gadasvlis SesaZleb-

loba 6-s mieca. axalgazrdebs swavleba

CautardaT TviTmmarTvelobis arsis,

kvlevis meTodebis, adgilobrivi sabiu-

jeto procesis Sesaxeb. proeqts Sefase-

bisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centri

axorcielebs da miznad isaxavs axalgaz-

rdebis CarTvas samoqalaqo sazogadoe-

bis ganviTarebis procesSi, adgilobri-

vi demokratiis gaZlierebas, TviTmmar-

Tvelobis ideis popularizacias.

proeqti ,,studentebi TviTmmarT-

velobisaTvis“ iTvaliswinebs:

studentebis mier municipalite-

tebis saWiroebebis Seswavla/analizs,

municipalitetebis ganviTarebis geg-

misa da adgilobrivi biujetis alter-

natiuli proeqtebis SemuSavebas,

studentTa profesiuli ganviTa-

rebis xelSewyobas.

meore etapi - konkretul municipa-

litetSi arsebuli problemebis kvle-

vasa da analitikuri dokumentis mom-

zadebazea fokusirebuli. gundebma

konkretul municipalitetSi arsebu-

li viTarebis Seswavlisa da analizis

safuZvelze unda moamzadon analiti-

kuri dokumenti „municipalitetis

problemebi da saWiroebebi”;

meore etapi Sedgeba ori nawilisa-

gan: pirveli nawili iTvaliswinebs

studentTa gundebis mier saproeqto

winadadebis momzadebasa da wardgenas

(saproeqto winadadebaSi aRwerili iq-

neba analitikuri dokumentis momza-

debisaTvis saWiro aqtivobebi, kvle-

vis/Sefasebis meTodologia, biujeti

da sxv.); pirveli nawilis Semdeg gunde-

bi iReben ukukavSirs (komisiis mosaz-

rebas, SeniSvnas, rekomendacias). meore

nawili ki konkretul municipalitet-

Si arsebuli problemebis kvlevasa da

analitikuri dokumentis momzadebaze,

arsebuli biujetis analizzea fokusi-

rebuli.

mesame etapi iTvaliswinebs koncep-

tualuri dokumentis - „municipali-

tetis ganviTarebis xedva” momzadebas.

masSi asaxuli unda iyos gamovlenili

problemebis daZlevis gzebi, munici-

palitetis ganviTarebis gegma da mom-

devno wlis biujeti.

organizacia „moqalaqe” proeqtis

gamarjvebul konkursantebs prizebs

gadascems da saswavlo-SemecnebiTi

turs moawyobs evropis ganviTarebuli

TviTmmarTvelobis mqone qveynebSi.

Sexvedra USAID-is proeqt `mmarTveloba

ganviTarebisTvis~ xelmZRvanelTan

proeqti `studentebi TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis~

2 iiaannvvaarrii

2014 wlis zafxulSi q.


saxelobis saxelmwifo uni-

versitetSi rusTavelis

erovnuli samecniero fon-

dis dafinansebiT Catarda

sazafxulo skola „kvlevis

meTodebi masalaTmcodne-

obaSi“. sazafxulo skolis

dasasruls, leqtorebma

SearCies 2 studenti, ro-

melTac wilad xvda Sveica-

riis laboratoriaSi gamg-

zavreba. maT Soris viyavi

me, ana sliusareva fizikis

me-3 kursis studenti da

Tornike qimeriZe (T.s.u-s

magistri). Cems sixaruls

sazRvari ar hqonda, radgan

udides gamocdilebas mivi-

Rebdi.

mowveva miviReT PaulScherrer-is institutidan,

romelic mdebareobs Svei-

cariaSi, q.burgSi. TiTqmis

aTi dRis ganmavlobaSi 14

dekembridan 22 dekembris

CaTvliT mqonda pativi sa-

kuTari TvaliT mexila eqs-

perimentuli fizikis sao-

cari „samyaro“. Tvaluwv-

deneli, giganturi danad-

garebiT aRWurvili labo-

ratoriis danaxvisas aRta-

cebuli davrCi, radgan is

marTlac STambeWdavi iyo.

aq,ucxo qveynebidan Camo-

suli profesori da stu-

dentebi damxvdnen,romle-

bic sxvadasxva eqsperemen-

tebze muSaobdnen,rogori-

caa,magaliTad rentgenis

gamosxiveba Tu kristalebis

gazrda.Cven ki,vmuSaobdiT

miuonis spinis brunvaze.

miuoni aris elementa-

ruli nawilaki,romelic

warmoiqmneba pionis daSlis

Sedegad.misi sicocxlis

xangrZlivoba daaxloebiT

2,2 mkwm-ia.

MSRht tps : / / en .w ik ipe -dia.org/wiki/Muon_spin_spect-roscopy (muon spin rotation) es

aris eqsperementaluri

teqnika, romelic dafuZne-

bulia spin-polarizebuli

miuonebis implantaciaze

nivTierebaSi.jer kidev

1957 wels nawinaswarmety-

velebi iyo,rom polarize-

buli dadebiTi da uaryo-

fiTi miuoni iqneba mZlavri

saSualeba rom gamovikvli-

oT magnituri veli birTv-

Si, atomsa Tu atomTSoris

regionebSi.miuonebis gamo-

yeneba magnituri Tvisebe-

bis Sesaswavlad daiwyo 70-

ian wlebSi.Cveulebriv,po-

larizebuli dadebiti miu-

oni implantirebulia ni-

muSSi,sadac xdeba misi pre-

cesia magnitur velSi im ad-

gilas,sadac is „isvenebs“

.miuonis daSla xdeba po-

zitronis gamosxivebiT.mi-

uonis sxvadasxva pozicieb-

Si iwereba histograma-

Si,romelic Seicavs sasar-

geblo informacias magni-

turi velis Sesaxeb(im adgi-

las ,sadac moxda miuonis

daSla).

eqsperimentis msvlelo-

ba:

Cveni mizani iyo magnitu-

ri velis SeRwevadobis siR-

rmis temperaturaze damo-

kidebulebis gansazRvra.

magnituri SeRwevadobis

siRrme aris erT-erTi fun-

damentaluri parametri

zegamtarebSi. swored MSRgvaZlevs saSualebas gav-

zomoT me-2gvaris zegam-

tarebSi.

Cven aviReT nimuSi Ba1-xRbxFe2As2. Rb-is Seyvana

sistemaSi iwvevs xvrelebis

gaCenas,es ki , Tavis mxriv

,zegamtarobas.es nimuSi mi-

iReba BaFe2As2 da RbFe2As2

sinTezirebiT 950 °C da 650

°C Sesabamisad.nimuSSi mo-

vaTavseT indiumi,imisaT-

vis,rom gavzomoT modebu-

li wneva dabal temperatu-

raze.CvenTvis cnobilia in-

diumis zegamtaruli gadas-

vlis temperatura-3,4K Cve-

ulebriv,anu atmosferul

wnevaze.nimuSi davamonta-

JeT gazis nakadSi da mova-

TavseT kriostatSi.nimuSi

gavaciveT Txevadi azotis

saSualebiT im temperatu-

ramde,romelic gvWirdebo-

da,anu romel temperatu-

raze gamoavlens Cveni nimu-

Si segamtarul Tvisebebs.

nimuSis amoRebis Semdeg

davelodeT mis galRobas

da movaTavseT radiaciul

zonaSi.Semdeg ki process

vakontrolebdiT kompiu-

teris saSualebiT.

Tavdapirvelad gavake-

TeT kalibrireba.Sevcva-

leT miuonis momenti da

vnaxeT ra momentis dros

hqonda miuonebs maqsima-

luri fraqcia(raodenoba

nimuSSi)

meore,rac gavakeTeT,op-

timizacia,anu vertikalu-

ri skanireba.vamoZraveT ni-

muSi vertikaluri mimar-

TulebiT da aseve vpou-

lobdiT,romel pozicias

Seesabameba miuonebis maq-

simaluri raodenoba nimuS-

Si.

es procesi gavimeoreT

ramodenimejer, Tan vcvli-

diT nimuSze modebul wne-

vas. Sedegebisa da Sesabami-

si grafikebis damuSaveba

ver moxerxda, radgan ami-

saTvis, rogorc agvixsnes,

Tveebia saWiro. Cveni iq

yofnis periodSi SegveZlo

mxolod eqsperimentis Ca-

tareba. Tumca, xelmZRvane-

lis TqmiT, Cveni Sedegebi

sakmaod zusti aRmoCnda.

yvelafers, rom Tavi dava-

neboT miviReT udidesi ga-

mocdileba, Tanaxma molo-

dins gadaaWarba.

ana sliusareva

fizikis specialobis

mesame kursis studenti

STabeWdilebebi eqsperimentuli

fizikis `samyarodan~

saswavlo praqtika germaniaSiturizmis fakultetis mesame da meoTxe kursis 20 studenti saswavlo praq-

tikas germaniaSi turizmis industriis organizaciebSi gadis. studentebs 2

Tvis ganmavlobaSi saSualeba eqnebaT gaecnon sastumros yvela ZiriTadi struq-

turuli erTeulis funqcionirebas. Teoriul codnis miRebasTan erTad, stu-

dentebi aqtiurad iqnebian CarTuli sastumros yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi. sas-

wavlo praqtika uzrunvelyofilia germaniis Sverinis baltikis kolejTan ga-

formebuli memorandumis safuZvelze.

`qimia da yoveldRiuroba~sabunebismetyvelo

mecnierebaTa da jan-

dacvis fakultetis qi-

miis departamentis or-

ganizebiT sajaro da

kerZo skolebis moswav-

leebisaTvis vorqSofi

moewyo Temaze: „qimia da

yoveldRiuroba“. qimi-

is da jandacvis specia-

lobebis studentebma:

zeinab gobaZem, vara

iremaZem, ana mefariS-

vilma da xatia CxaiZem

naSromebi warmoadgi-

nes qimiis, ekologiisa

da jandacvis aqtua-

lur problemebze. axalgazrdebma yuradReba gaamaxviles moswavleebisTvis

iseT mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze, rogoricaa: kvebis produqtebis falsifikacia,

qimia da Warbi wona, axali samedicino preparatebi, axali biologiuri polimere-

bis sinTezi.

3iiaannvvaarrii

sul axlaxan gamomcemloba `meri-

dianma saqarTvelos teqnikuri univer-

sitetis `konfliqtebis daregulire-

bis samarTlebrivi, politikuri da

ekonomikuri kvlevebis centris~ mier

proeqtis `saqarTvelos afxazeTi da

CineTis honkongi~ (Ziebani konfliqtis

daregulirebisaTvis) farglebSi ga-

mosca saqarTvelos teqnikuri univer-

sitetis profesorebis, politikisa da

samarTlis mecnierebaTa doqtoris

jemal gaxokiZis da socialur mecnie-

rebaTa akademiuri doqtoris sofo mi-

delaSvilis mier momzadebuli naSro-

mi `honkongi, CineTi 1997~, romlis re-

daqtorebi arian saqarTvelos teqni-

kuri universitetis reqtori, akademi-

kosi arCil frangiSvili da saqarTve-

los parlamentis sagareo urTierTo-

baTa komitetis Tavjdomare Tedo ja-

fariZe.

rogorc naSromidan sCans, avtorTa

gadawyvetileba amgvari naSromis Seqm-

nis Sesaxeb ganapiroba saqarTveloSi

arsebulma mougvarebelma konfliq-

tebma, radgan miuxedavad saqarTvelos

xelisuflebisa da saqarTvelos mego-

bari qveynebis ocwliani Zalisxmevisa,

konfliqtebis daregulirebis mxriv

mdgomareoba ar icvleba da faqtobri-

vad arc ukeTesoba igrZnoba. amdenad,

aseT viTarebaSi saWiro gaxda saqarT-

veloSi arsebuli konfliqtebis dare-

gulirebis axali gzebisa da formebis

Zieba, romelic mxolod maT mSvidobia-

nad gadawyvetas daemyareba.

naSromis avtorebisaTvis honkon-

gis fenomeni metad saintereso aRmoCn-

da, radgan 1997 wlis pirvel ivliss

honkongis dedasaxelmwifoSi dabru-

neba marTlac unikaluri movlena da

arsebuli realobaa.

swored amitom miiCnies naSromis

avtorebma saWirod saqarTveloSi ar-

sebuli konfliqtebis honkongis

msgavsad gadawyveta da naSromSi gad-

mogvces konfliqtis gadawyvetis ro-

gorc istoriuli, ise politikur-sa-

marTlebrivi da ekonomikuri aspeqte-

bis analizi da Sesabamisi gzebis, for-

mebisa da meTodebis Zieba saqarTvelo-

sa da mis gandgomil regionebTan mi-

marTebaSi.

Aaqedan gamomdinare, naSromis Zi-

riTadi mizania Catarebuli kvlevis

Sedegad gamokveTili ZiriTadi aspeq-

tebis, kerZod CineTTan honkongis mi-

erTebis politikuri faqtisa da doku-

menturi masalebis farTo sazogadoe-

bisaTvis gacnoba, radgan CineTis mier

honkongis mierTebis aseTi warmatebu-

li gadawyveta Zalze saintereso da sa-

yuradReboa, miT umetes, rogorc naS-

romidan irkveva, am mimarTulebiT sa-

qarTveloSi arc naSromi Seqmnila da

arc kvleva Catarebula.

naSromSi metad sainteresod da Si-

naarsianad aris gadmocemuli honkon-

gis CineTSi mSvidobiani dabrunebis Se-

saxeb. es marTlac unikaluri da upre-

cedento SemTxveva iyo, romlis analo-

gi msoflioSi naklebad Tu moiZebneba,

imis miuxedavad, rom erTis mxriv Cine-

Tis saxalxo respublikaSi socializ-

mis, xolo meore mxriv - honkongSi kapi-

talizmis arsebobis gamo am qveynebs

Soris SeuTavseblobisa da dapirispi-

rebis uamravi winapiroba arsebobda.

magram, rogorc naSromSia aRniSnuli,

es winaaRmdegoba gadailaxa ZiriTadad

CineTis xelisuflebis mxridan gamoCe-

nili pragmatuli da realpolitikaze

damyarebuli politikuri nebiT.

rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, honkongis

CineTSi mSvidobiani dabruneba upre-

cedento SemTxveva da diplomatiis

udidesi gamarjveba iyo, ris Sedegad

realurad konfliqti mSvidobiani

gziT iqna gadawyvetili. honkongis fe-

nomeni metad sainteresoa Cvens qveya-

naSi arsebuli konfliqtis gadawyve-

tis gzebisa da formebis ZiebisaTvis.

amasTanave, naSromis avtorebis azriT

honkongis gavlili gza konfliqtis

mSvidobiani mogvarebisaTvis, Cveni re-

alobidan gamomdinare kritikuladaa

gasaanalizebeli, angariSgasawevi da

mxedvelobaSi misaRebi.

naSromis avtorebma swored am miz-

niT SemogvTavazes gansjisaTvis maT

mier Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebi, ro-

melsac vfiqrobT qarTuli sazogado-

ebis didi nawili, yvela dargis specia-

listebi, zogadad ki saqarTvelos te-

ritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgeniT yve-

la dainteresebuli mkiTxveli gaecno-

ba.

naSromis Rirsebad unda CaiTvalos

is faqti, rom misma avtorebma SeimuSa-

ves saxelmwifo mowyobis sakmaod gabe-

duli modeli teritoriuli konfliq-

tis mSvidobianad mogvarebis unika-

lur precendentebTan dakavSirebiT

da is gansjisaTvis mkiTxvels warud-

gines.

sayuradReboa, rom kvlevis Sede-

gebTan erTad naSromSi avtorebi mki-

Txvels sTavazobs ori ZiriTadi doku-

mentis qarTul Targmans, kerZod didi

britaneTisa da CrdiloeT irlandiis

gaerTianebuli samefos mTavrobisa da

CineTis saxalxo respublikis mTavro-

bis 1984 wlis erTobliv deklaracias

honkongis Temaze da CineTis saxalxo

respublikis honkongis specialuri

administraciuli regionis konstitu-

cias, romelic safuZvlad daedo naS-

romSi SemoTavazebul daskvnebs da Se-

fasebebs honkongsa da CineTs Soris

aRdgenil urTierTobebTan dakavSire-

biT, CineTTan honkongis mierTebis po-

litikur movlenas.

swored didi britaneTisa da Cine-

Tis erToblivi deklaracia da honkon-

gis konstitucia gaxda honkongisaTvis

sruli ekonomikuri da finansuri Ta-

visuflebis miniWebis politikur sa-

marTlebrivi safuZveli. amis Sedegad,

20 wlis ganmavlobaSi honkongi gaxda

msoflios erT-erTi wamyvani saerTa-

Soriso finansuri centri.

naSromis bolos avtorebis mier

swored CineTisa da honkongis gaerTi-

anebisa da erTad yofnis 17 wlis peri-

odis damaxasiaTebeli politikuri da

samarTlebrivi safuZvlebia gaanali-

zebuli.

rogorc naSromidan sCans warmod-

genili proeqtis mimarT interess

iCens saqarTvelos mTavroba.

warmodgenili naSromi gansjisaT-

vis mkiTxvelTa farTo wreebisaTvis

aris gankuTvnili, romelic Zalian sa-

interesod ikiTxeba.

sasixaruloa is faqtic, rom ro-

gorc naSromis avtorebi gvamcnoben

saqarTvelos teqnikuri universite-

tis `konfliqtebis daregulirebis sa-

marTlebrivi, politikuri da ekonomi-

kuri kvlevebis centri~ muSaobas agr-

Zelebs proeqtis meore nawiliT gaTva-

liswinebul ufro mniSvnelovan prob-

lemebze. kerZod, saqarTveloSi arse-

buli konfliqtebis daregulirebis

mSvidobiani gzebis Ziebis mimarTule-

biT da gvpirdebian mecnieruli kvle-

vis, CineT-honkongis gamocdilebis

analizisa da arsebuli mdgomareobis

safuZvelze afxazeTisa da e. w. samx-

reT oseTisaTvis SesaTavazebeli wina-

dadebebis axali paketis momzadebas,

romelic avtorTa azriT unda gaxdes

konfliqtebis daregulirebis saqarT-

velos saxelmwifo politikis Semadge-

neli nawili.

minda metad saintereso naSromis

gamocemisaTvis madloba gadavuxado

avtorebs, romelTa didi Sromis Sede-

gad gaxda xelmisawvdomi warmodgeni-

li naSromi qarTuli sazogadoebisaT-

vis. maT warmatebebs Semdgom saqmiano-

baSi.

givi abaSiZe,

samarTlis doqtori


saxelmwifo

universitetis

asocirebuli profesori

saintereso wigni teritoriul

mTlianobasTan dakavSirebuli

konfliqtis mSvidobianad gadawyvetis

unikaluri precendentis Sesaxeb

2015 wlis dasawyisidan

Cvens universitetis fizika-

maTematikisa da kompiuterul

mecnierebaTa fakultetis

kompiuterul mecnierebaTa

departamentis bazaze funqci-

onireba daiwyo evropuli do-

nis Tanamedrove saswavlo sa-

mecniero laboratoriam

WEBLAB. laboratoria Seqmni-

lia tempusis proeqtis gran-

tis farglebSi, romelSic Car-

Tulni arian Cveni universite-

tis profesorebi da TanamS-

romlebi: Tamaz beriZe, gulad

fartenaSe, zaza daviTaZe,

omar nakaSiZe, oTar janeliZe

da zaur gamiSiZe.

laboratoriis inovaciu-

roba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom

studentebs sam sxvadasxva sa-

ganSi (robototeqnika, analo-

guri da cifruli eleqtroni-

ka) laboratoriuli samuSaoe-

bisa da eqsperimentebis Cata-

reba SeuZliaT distanciurad,

„onlain“ reJimSi, rac saSua-

lebas iZleva mcire farTobze

ganlagebuli laboratoria

xelmisawvdomi gaxdes sxvadas-

xva specialobebis didi rao-

denoba studentebisaTvis. uf-

ro gasagebad rom vTqvaT, stu-

denti aRniSnul sagnebSi miRe-

bul davalebebs Seasruleben

kompiuterisa da internetis

gamoyenebiT distanciurad

maTTvis sasurvel dros, xo-

lo leqtori studentis mier

Sesrulebul samuSaos Seamow-

mebs kvlav internetis saSua-

lebiT. laboratoriaSi gan-

Tavsebulia specialuri da-

niSnulebis eleqtronuli apa-

ratura egreTwodebuli

„VISIR” analoguri eleqtro-

nikis Sesaswavlad „FPGA“ da-

nadgari cifruli eleqtroni-

kisa da sqemoteqnikis Sesas-

wavlad. aqvea Tanamedrove mik-

rokontrolerebiTa da senso-

ruli teqnikiT aRWurvili

mcire zomis moZravi robotis

modeli, romlis marTva SesZ-

lebelia internetiT da labo-

ratoriaSi ganTavsebuli vi-

deoTvalis saSualebiT momx-

marebeli Tvals adevnebs mis

progarmul moZraobas.

laboratoria internet-

kavSirSia espneTis qalaq de-

ustos universitetis analo-

giur laboratoriasTan, rac

saSualebas iZleva, rom Cveni

laboratoriis dakavebulobis

SemTxvevaSi amocanis gadarT-

va avtomaturad mo-

xdeba deustos la-

boratoriaSi, sadac

students SeuZlia

igive samuSaoebis

Sesruleba rac ba-

Tumis laboratori-

aSi da piriqiT, de-

ustos laborato-

riis dakavebis Sem-

TxvevaSi amocanis

gadmorTva moxdeba

baTumis universi-

tetSi.

aRsaniSnavia, rom labora-

toriaSi dagegmilia amocane-

bis sakuTari ZalebiT damate-

ba mecnierebis sxvadasxva sfe-

rosaTvis. amJamad ki kompiu-

terul mecnierebaTa departa-

mentis ori studenti amzadebs

sadiplomo naSromebs aRniS-

nul sferoSi.

zaza daviTaZe

kompiuterul mecnierebaTa

departamentis asocirebuli

profesori, doqtori

evropuli laboratoria fizika-maTematikisa

da kompiuterul mecnierebaTa fakultetze

4 iiaannvvaarrii

pirdapiri ucxouri inves-

ticiebi nebismieri qveynis

ekonomikuri ganviTarebis

erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvne-

lovani faqtoria. politiku-

ri da ekonomikuri stabilu-

roba warmatebis qvakuTxedi

da yvelaze Zlieri ber-ketia

mTavrobis xelSi. mimzidveli

biznesgaremo saerTaSoriso

organizaciebisa da biznesme-

nebis keTilganwyoba, marTa-

lia ara mTavari, magram erT-

erTi gadamwyveti faqtoria

Zlieri strategiis SesamuSa-

veblad. gama-rTuli marke-

tingi da PR, ara gadamwyveti,

Tumca gamarjvebisaTvis au-

cilebeli winapirobaa. sa-

xelmwifo moxeleebi, minist-

rebi, parlamentarebi da sxva

maRali rangis warmomadgen-

lebi warmoadgenen taqtikis

gansazRvrisaTvis sasicocx-

lo mniSvnelobis elements.

msoflio finansuri kri-

zisi da geopolitikuri aras-

tabiluroba finansuri re-

sursebis simciris gamomwvevi

erT-erTi mniSvnelovani mi-

zezia. amas emateba saqarTve-

los mTavrobis mier daSvebu-

li mniSvnelovani Secdomebi,

rac seriozul safrTxes uqm-

nis Cveni qveynis ekonomikur

winsvlas. amis dasakompensi-

reblad saWiroa saqarTve-

los xelisuflebam Seqmnas

mimzidveli biznesgaremo,

rac gamoixateba maRali sare-

itingo qulebis miRebiT

msoflio bankis mier warmoe-

buli iseT mniSvnelovan

kvlevaSi, rogoricaa: DoingBusiness. am kvlevas did ndo-

bas ucxadeben ucxoeli biz-

nesmenebi da organizaciebi.

mimzidveli biznesgaremos

formirebis demonstrirebaa

agreTve gaumjobesebuli

mTliani Siga produqtis maC-

veneblebi, rogorc absolu-

turi, aseve mosaxleobis erT

sulze gaangariSebiTac (saqs-

tati, 2014); Zlieri da samar-

Tliani sakanonmdeblo bazis

Seqmna, kriminalisgan Tavisu-

fali garemo, sando mTavroba

da sxva (IMF, 2013);

ar aqvs mniSvneloba ra Se-

degebs miaRwia ama Tu im mTav-

robam swori marketinguli

da PR svlebiT. mTavaria is,

rom minimaluri Sedegis maq-

simalurad warmoCenam da, pi-

riqiT, arasworma marketing-

ma udidesi miRwevebic SesaZ-

loa SeumCnevlad datovos.

udavoa, rom politikosebisa

da Cinovnikebis mier masobriv

sainformacio saSualebebSi

gakeTebuli ganacxadebi udi-

dees rols TamaSoben qveynis

biznes-garemos formirebaSi.

Tumca, maTi SesaZleblobebi

da moqmedebis areali SezRu-

dulia drosa da sivrceSi.

ufro metic, zogad politi-

kas, rogorc wesi, winaswar

gansazRvruli gegma ganapi-

robebs, xolo politikosebi,

parlamentarebi da sxva saxe-

lmwifo moxeleebi ki poli-

tikis sisruleSi moyvanis su-

bieqtebia,

saqarTveloSi Camoyali-

bebuli negatiuri biznes-si-

tuaciis miuxedavad, saWiroa

Cveni qveynis xelisuflebam

gadadgas adekvaturi nabije-

bi. msoflio finansuri kri-

zisi, romelmac 2008 wels

mTels msoflioSi gamanadgu-

rebeli dartyma miayena, sa-

qarTveloSi faqtobrivad,

SeumCnevlad Caiara. es ganpi-

robebuli iyo ara saqarTve-

los ekonomikis mdgradobiT

da mTavrobis swori politi-

kiT, aramed, ruseT-saqarT-

velos omiT, romlis damang-

reveli Sedegebis aRmosafxv-

relad, saerTaSoriso Tana-

megobrobam, saqarTvelos

mTavrobis mier moTxovnili

3.5 miliardi dolaris ode-

no-bis daxmarebis nacvlad,

4.5 miliardi dolaris pake-

tiT guluxvad „daasaCuqra“

(savaraudod, am omSi dauxma-

reblobis „danaSaulis“ gamo-

sasyidad).

yvelasaTvis cnobilia,

rom saqarTvelo geopoliti-

kurad arastabilur garemoSi

mdebareobs, rasac qveynis

SigniT mougvarebeli konf-

liqtebi erTvis. aRniSnuls

emateba ruseTTan garTule-

buli urTierToba, rac Zal-

ze rTulad dasaZlev prob-

lemas warmoadgens. amitom

Cveni qveynis mTavrobis mier

geopolitikur WrilSi ga-

dadgmuli yoveli nabiji

udides sibrZnes moiTxovs.

realobaa is faqti, rom bolo

10 wlis ganmavlobaSi qarTve-

li biznesmenebi cdilobdnen

ucxoeli partniorebis biz-

nesebs amofarebodnen, Tum-

ca, rig SemTxvevaSi, mTavro-

bas arc saerTaSoriso skan-

dalebi adardebda. SesaZloa,

romelime investoris „daCag-

vra“ mTavrobas martivad ga-

mosdioda, magram, mTliano-

baSi, liberaluri da prog-

resuli reputaciis Selaxva

dRiTi-dRe Zlierdeboda.

yvelaferTan erTad, sa-

qarTvelos mTavrobam droe-

biT moiWra Tavisi administ-

raciuli resursis gamoyene-

bis SesaZlebloba, xan disk-

retiuli mmarTvelobis gan-

xorcielebiT, xan gamoucde-

li kadrebisa da susti poli-

tikis gatarebiT. zemoT aR-

niSnulis gamo saqarTveloSi

rogorc adre Semosuli, ase-

ve Semosvlis msurveli inves-

torebi gadasulni arian mo-

lodinis reJimSi. amis Sede-

gad mniSvnelovnad

iklo Cvens qveyana-

Si Semosuli ucxo-

uri investiciebis

moculobam. imavd-

roulad, meore

mxriv, bolo peri-

odSi sakmaod gai-

zarda saqarT-

velodan sazRvar-

gareT ganxorcie-

lebuli investi-

ciebis moculobac.

gansakuTrebulad

ki qarTveli inves-

torebi sazRvarga-

reT 2012 wels aqti-

urobdnen, swored

maSin, rodesac

Cvens qveyanaSi

arastabiluri vi-

Tareba iyo. saqarT-

veloSi daSvebulma Secdo-

mebma da saarCevno periodSi

Seqmnilma gaurkvevlma situ-

aciam „daafrTxo“ ara marto

ucxoeli, aramed adgilobri-

vi investorebic. isini iZule-

bulni gaxdnen droebiT Tavi

SekavebinaT axali kapitalda-

bandebisagan an Seemcirebi-

naT saqarTveloSi adre in-

vestirebuli kapitalis ode-

noba, Sesabamisad maT unda

daebandebinaT kapitali sa-

zRvargareT. Sedegad, saqar-

Tvelo kvlav rCeba pirdapiri

ucxouri investiciebis wmin-

da importiori, rac tipiuri

ganviTarebadi qveynebis eko-

nomikisTvisaa damaxasiaTebe-

li.

investiciebisa da Semo-

savlebis gadinebiT gamowve-

uli katastrofuli Sedege-

bis Tavidan asacileblad,

calke ganxilvis sagans war-

moadgens Semodinebuli pir-

dapiri ucxouri iinvesticie-

bisa da misgan miRebuli Se-

mosavlebis gadinebis ten-

denciebi. saqarTveloSi. bo-

lo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi

(2009-2013 w.w.) pirdapir uc-

xour iinvesticiebze dari-

cxuli wminda mogeba sul uf-

ro uaxlovdeba drois imave

periodSi saqarTveloSi Se-

modinebuli pirdapiri ucxo-

uri iinvesticiebis maCveneb-

lebs.

2011-2013 wlebSi zemoaR-

niSnulma wminda mogebam Sesa-

bamis wels Seadgina Semodine-

buli pirdapiri ucxouri iin-

vesticiebis daaxloebiT 80%,

rac, erTi SexedviT, savsebiT

logikuria da naTlad migva-

niSnebs imaze, rom ucxoeli

investori ara saqarTvelos,

aramed sakuTar gamdidrebasa

da keTildReobazea orienti-

rebuli. 1997-2013 wlebSi sa-

qarTvelo ucxoeli investo-

rebisaTvis gadaiqca mxolod

fulis keTebis adgilad. sa-

qarTvelodan investiciebze

daricxuli Semosavlis saxiT

gatanilia 4.3 mlrd dolari,

maSin rodesac mTlianma in-

vesticiebma imave periodSi

Seadgina mxolod 11.5 mlrd

dolari. saWiroa am viTare-

bis gamosworeba. unda mox-

des investorTa ufro metad

daintereseba ukve miRebuli

Semosavlebis reinvestireba-

Si dabandebis kuTxiT, radga-

nac reinvestirebis dRevan-

deli maCvenebeli (jamuri -

34%) saqarTvelosTvis sak-

maod dabalia. mas namdvilad

aqvs ufro meti saxsrebis mo-

zidvis potenciali da saWi-

roeba.

reinvestirebuli kapita-

lis mniSvnelobis daufase-

bloba saqarTvelosaTvis

upatiebeli Secdoma iqneba,

radganac reinvestirebuli

kapitalis saxiT qveyanaSi

darCenili saxsrebi mniSvne-

lovan rols asrulebs saqar-

Tvelos sainvesticio nakade-

bis formirebaSi. mag.: 2013

wlis monacemebiT, pirdapiri

ucxouri iinvesticiebis mo-

culobam 1 mlrd dolars

gadaaWarba, Tumca, cota vin-

me Tu aRniSnavs, rom mocemu-

li ricxvis daax-loebiT 40%

(daaxloebiT 393 mln dola-

ri) ara pirdapiri ucxouri

investiciebi, aramed reinves-

tirebuli kapitalia. Sesaba-

misad, 2013 wels realurad

moziduli pirdapiri ucxou-

ri iinvesticiebis moculoba

saqarTvelos erovnuli ban-

kis monacemebis mxolod 60%-

ia. realurad, axali investi-

ciebis mozidva sakmaod rTu-

li proceduraa.

aqve unda iTqvas, rom sa-

xelmwifos mier bolo wlebSi

prioritetad gamocxadebu-

li soflis meurneobis dargi

Zalian dabali dainterese-

biT sargeblobs ucxoel in-

vestorebs Soris. maSin rode-

sac qveyanas namdvilad SeuZ-

lia gaxdes soflis meurneo-

bis produqciis wminda eqs-

portiori. meore mxriv, ener-

getikis seqtori, romelic

aseve mTavrobis priorite-

tia, sakmaod maRali dain-

teresebiT gamoirCeva ucxo-

el investorebs Soris da

mTliani investiciebis 1/6-s

Seadgens, riTac is mxolod

CamorCeba transportisa da

kavSirgabmulobis seqtors.

aRsaniSnavia is garemoebac,

rom 2011 wlis Semdgom saer-

TaSoriso organizaciebi

sul ufro naklebad interes-

debian saqarTveloSi pirda-

piri ucxouri iinvesticiis

ganTavsebiT.

aqve aRsaniSnavia isic, rom

saqarTvelos xelT garkveu-

li konkurenciuli upirate-

sobis arsebobis miuxedavad,

Cveni qveynis mTavrobis mier

msoflioSi Seqmnili realu-

ri viTarebis arasaTanadod

Sefasebis Sedegad mosaxleo-

bis ekonomikuri keTildReo-

ba kvlav dabal doneze rCeba.

amrigad, ucxouri investici-

ebis mozidvis mixedviT sa-

qarTvelo Zalze damokide-

buli ucxoeTis donor sa-

xelmwifoebze, saerTaSoriso

organizaciebsa da regionul

integraciebze, gansakuTre-

biT, evrokavSirze. mag., 1997-

2013 wlebSi evrokavSiris wi-

lad modis saqarTveloSi Se-

mosuli jamuri pirdapiri

ucxouri iinvesticiebis

41%). asocirebis SeTanxmebis

xelmoweris Sedegad ki, am

maCveneblis (rogorc abso-

luturi, ise wilobrivi gamo-

xatuleiT) kidev ufro gaiz-

rdeba. Tumca, aRsaniSnavia

isic, rom erT konkretul re-

gionze Zlierma damokideb-

ulebam drois konkretul mo-

mentSi SesaZloa negatiuri

siurprizi SemogvTavazos.

Sesabamisad, ufro meti sa-

investicio nakadis mozidvis

mizniT saWiroa saqarTvelos

mTavrobam gaataros Semdegi

RonisZiebani:, kerZod:

1. unda moxdes evrokav-

SirTan asocirebis SeTanxme-

bis xelmoweris Sedegad in-

vesticiebis maqsimaluri st-

imulireba da, paralelurad,

axali bazrebisa da SesaZle-

blobebis moZieba/diversifi-

cireba (mag.: Tavisufali vaW-

robis reJimi aSS-Tan; axali

investiciebis moZieba da Zve-

li investorebis mier miRe-

buli Semosavlebis saqarTve-

loSi reinvestirebis waxali-

seba); Sesabamisad reinvesti-

rebis meqanizmi saqarTvelos

mTavrobis mxridan maqsima-

lurad unda iqnes waxalise-

buli;

2. mTavrobis mier biznes-

partniorebis mxardaWeriT

msxvili sainvesticio proeq-

tebis mozidva; sasurvelia,

„partniori“ biznesmenebis

mier ganxorcielebuli pir-

dapiri ucxouri iinvesticie-

bis dabandebis dros mdgra-

dobis maCvenebeli SenarCun-

des maqsimalurad maRal do-

neze. agreTve, is ganTavsebu-

li unda iqnes qveynisaTvis

prioritetul dargebSi, ker-

Zod: ganaTlebaSi, inovacieb-

sa da Tanamedrove teqnolo-

giebSi;

3. saWiroa moxdes saqarT-

velos miRwevebiT saerTaSo-

riso organizaciebisa da ins-

titutebis daintereseba. au-

cilebelia, maTi ufro aq-

tiurad CarTva Cveni qveynis

keTilReobis uzrunvelyo-

faSi. saqarTvelos mosaxleo-

bis sazogadoebrivi keTil-

dReobis amaRlebis erT-erTi

realuri saSualebaa ucxoel

da adgilobriv partnioreb-

Tan erTad yvela SesaZlo mak-

roekonomikuri berketis ga-

moyenebiT, swori strategiis

SerCeva;

4. Cveni azriT, saqarTve-

los sagareo sainvesticio

politikis warmarTvis sauke-

Teso strategia iqneba evro-

kavSirze maqsimaluri orien-

taciis aReba, radganac bolo

aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi sw-

ored am regionidan Semodi-

nebuli investiciebi ganapi-

robebda pirdapiri ucxouri

investiciebis maRal maCvene-

bels.

daaviT qaaTaamaaZe


saxelmwifo universitetis


pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis

mozidvis problemebi saqarTveloSi

5iiaannvvaarrii

dabadebidan 50 weli Seus-

rulda istoriis, arqeologi-

isa da eTnologiis asocire-

bul profesor, istoriis mec-

nierebaTa kandidat jemal ka-

raliZes.

jemal karaliZe daibada

1965 wlis 14 ianvars q. qobu-

leTis raionis sofel aWSi.

1983 wels Cairicxa SoTa rus-

Tavelis saxelobis baTumis

saxelmwifo pedagogiuri ins-

titutis istoria - filolo-

giis fakultetze.

1984-1986 ww. ixdida samxed-

ro savaldebulo samsaxurs.

armiidan dabrunebis Sem-

deg warCinebiT daasru-

la 1990 wels da mieniWa

saSualo skolis qarTu-

li enis, literaturisa

da istoriis maswavleb-

lis kvalifikacia. stu-

dentobis wlebSi igi aq-

tiurad monawileobda

studentTa istoriis sa-

mecniero wris muSaobaSi,

sadac man gamoavlina sa-

mecniero kvleviTi mu-

Saobis unari.

1996-1999 wlebi baton

jemal karaliZis cxov-

rebaSi mniSvnelovani perio-

dia, roca igi swavlobda ivane

javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbi-

lisis saxelmwifo universi-

tetis aspiranturaSi saqarT-

velos istoriis specialobiT,

am dargis gamoCenili mecnie-

rebis, profesorebis vaxtang

janjRavasa da vaxtang guru-

lis xelmZRvanelobiT. aspi-

ranturis sruli kursis dam-

Tavrebis Semdeg 1999 wlis 29

noembers warCinebiT daicva

disertacia Temaze ,,baTumis

olqi (aWara) pirveli msoflio

omis win’’ da mieniWa istoriis

mecnierebaTa kandidatis xa-

risxi da maleve miiRo docen-

tis wodebac.

pirveli warmatebuli nabi-

jis Semdeg farTod gaiSala

batoni jemalis, rogorc mec-

nierisa da pedagogis, nayofie-

ri moRvaweoba.

sakmaod vrcelia misi moR-

vaweobis CamonaTvali. sakan-

didato disertaciis dacvis

Semdeg igi daubrunda mSobli-

ur instituts (amJamad uni-

versiteti). sxvadasxva dros

igi iyo saqarTvelos istoriis

kaTedris wevri da leqciebs

kiTxulobda saqarTvelosa da

kavkasiis xalxTa qveynebis is-

toriaSi. eweoda nayofier sa-

mecniero - kvleviT muSaobas

da gamoqveynebuli aqvs ara er-

Ti samecniero Sroma da mo-

nografia.

nayofier pedagogiuri da

samecniero-kvleviTi saqmia-

nobis gamo igi muSaobda uni-

versitetSi humanitarul - aR-

mzrdelobiTi muSaobis ganyo-

filebis gamged, socialur

mecnierebaTa, biznesisa da sa-

marTalmcodneobis fakulte-

tze dekanis moadgiled, isto-

riis fakultetis dekanad da

sxva.

asoc. profesor jemal ka-

raliZis samecniero - kvleviT

interesTa sferoSia saqarTve-

losa da kavkasiis xalxTa is-

toria. romelsac miuZRvna

sakmaod vrceli Sromebi. ga-

moqveynebuli aqvs 40-ze meti

samecniero naSromi (maT Soris

monografia àWara 1878 -1903

wlebSi - ekonomikuri da soci-

aluri viTareba,~ baTumi,

2009); `saqarTvelo - CeCneTis

urTierToba postsabWoTa pe-

riodSi~; `saqarTvelo - daRes-

tnis urTierTobis istorii-

dan~; `ruseTis geopolitiku-

ri interesebi kavkasiaSi~ da

sxva.

mis kalams ekuTvnis araer-

Ti samecniero da pedagogiuri

xasiaTis Sroma, statia da we-

rili, romlebic gamoqveynebu-

li aqvs qarTul, rusul da ev-

ropul enebze Jurnalebsa da

Sromebis krebulebSi.

jemal karaliZes gansakuT-

rebuli damokidebuleba aqvs

megobrebTan da studenteb-

Tan, aris momTxovni leqtori

da gulisxmieri kolega.

baton jemal karaliZe Sesa-

niSnavi ojaxis patronia, me-

uRle filologi - damsaxure-

buli pedagogia. ufrosi qa-

liSvili baTumis SoTa rus-

Tavelis saxelmwifo univer-

sitetis studentia, xolo

momdevno qal-vaJic male mamis

gzis gamgrZeleblebi iqnebian.

erT patara sagazeTo we-

rilSi SeuZlebelia iubila-

ris yovelmxriv srulyofi-

lad warmoCena, magram imeds

vitovebT, rom momaval did sa-

iubileo TariRebze ufro

srulyofili weriliT mive-

salmebiT.


saxelmwifo universiteti, hu-

manitarul mecnierebaTa fa-

kulteti da istoriis, arqeo-

logiisa da eTnologiis de-

partamenti, studentebi, ko-

legebi da megobrebi ulocaven

baton jemals 50 wlis iubiles,

usurveben xangrZliv sicocx-

les, janmrTelobasa da axal

warmatebebs samecniero da pe-

dagogiur saqmianobaSi.

keTili survilebiT

emzar makaraZe,

nodar baramiZe

Zvirfaso

profesoro ZaZamia,gvsurs mogiwvioT Cveni Jurnalis, „Mathematical Reviews“, recen-

zentad. rogorc TqvenTvis cnobilia, gamocemebi „ MR Database”,

“Math SciNet” moicavs mTeli msoflios maTematikur kvleviT lite-

raturas, Sesabamisad recenziebi iwereba kompetenturi eqsperte-

bis mier. ukve 75 welia

Jurnali „MathematicalReviews“ emsaxureba

Tavis misias msofli-

os maTematikosebTan

erTad. recenzente-

bis erToblivi muSao-

ba gadamwyvet rols

TamaSobs maTemati-

kur mecnierebaSi mim-

dinare movlenebis

ganviTarebaSi. maTe-

matikuri literatu-

ris raodenoba swra-

fad izrdeba da Sesa-

bamisad, imisaTvis,

rom SevZloT muSao-

bis Seuferxeblad

gagrZeleba, damatebiT gvesaWiroeba recenzentebi, raTa ar Camovr-

CeT recenzirebis process. Tqven mier gamoqveynebuli Sromebis

gaTvaliswinebiT gvjera Tqveni kvalifikaciis da sakiTxebi, rom-

lebsac Tqven ikvlevT swored im mimarTulebisaa, Cven rom gvesaWi-

roeba. Tu Tqven dainteresdebiT Cveni SemoTavazebiT da gamonaxavT

dros recenzirebisTvis, gTxovT, SeavsoT forma, romelsac Cven

gigzavniT da gamogigzavnoT eleqtronuli fostiT. Tqvens mier mo-

wodebuli informacia saSualebas miscems Cvens redaqtorebs Se-

girCion Sesabamisi Temebi mimoxilvisTvis. mas Semdeg, rac miviRebT

Tqvens mier Sevsebul formas da davamuSavebT miRebul iformacias,

Tqven miiRebT misasalmebel werils da Semdeg ukve gamogigzavniT

statiebs recenzirebisTvis.

imedi gvaqvs, rom gadawyvetT da SemogvierTdebiT Cves mniSvne-

lovan saqmianobaSi. veliT Tqvens pasuxs.

pativiscemiT, norm riCerti

mmarTveli redaqtori da moqmedi aRmasrulebeli redaqtori

profesor v. balaZis gamoxmaureba

asistent profesor m. ZaZamias es didi warmateba SemTxveviTi

araa. is erT-erTi warmatebuli mkvlevaria uwyveT gardaqmnaTa

jgufebis Teoriisa. mas didi warmatebebi hqonda studentobis da

aspiranturis periodSi. sakmaod adreul asakSi Seasrula Tavisi sa-

disertacio naSromi, romelsac maRali Sefaseba misca moskovis uni-

versitetis cnobilma profesorma i. smirnovma. Tbilisis universi-

tetSi maRal doneze daicva disertacia.

norm riCeris, Mathematical Reviews-s mmarTveli redaqtoris ma-

Rali Sefaseba sapatioa da nebismieri maTematikosis biografias

daamSvenebda.

maias, Cems sayvarel moswavles gulwrfelad vulocav warmate-

bas da vusurveb nayofier samecniero saqmianobas.

prof. v. balaZe

jemal karaliZe - 50

giorgi erisTavis Teatri, qarTuli

profesiuli Teatri (1850-1856), erovnuli

realisturi Teatraluri xelovnebis gan-

viTarebis mniSvnelovani kera. daaarsa da

misi ideuri, SemoqmedebiTi mrwamsi gan-

sazRvra poetma da dramaturgma g. eris-

Tavma.

pirveli warmodgena gaimarTa 1850 wlis

2 (14) ianvars, Tbilisis gimnaziis saaqto

darbazSi, scenismoyvareTa ZalebiT, g.

erisTavis reJisorobiTa da monawileobiT

warmoadgines misive piesa

“gayra”. es TariRi miCneu-

lia qarTuli Teatris aR-

dgenis TariRad da XIX sa-

ukunis 80-iani wlebidan

aRiniSneba, rogorc qar-

Tuli Teatris dRe. 1851

wels TbilisSi muSaoba

daiwyo g. erisTavis mier

Camoyalibebulma pirvel-

ma profesiulma dasma.

masSi Sediodnen: saakaZisa,

tatiSvilisa, antonovisa,

baraTaSvilisa, naTiSvi-

lisa, abramiZisa, jorja-

Zisa, n. uznaZisa, g. dvana-

Ze, g. tatiSvili, i. elio-

ziSvili, rCeuliSvili, g.

jafariZe, g. korZaia, z. an-

tonovi. TeatrTan mudmivad TanamSrom-

lobdnen sazogado moRvaweebi da mwerle-

bi: m. TumaniSvili, i. kereseliZe da sxvebi.

idgmeboda g. erisTavis, z. antonovis, a. me-

farianis, g. jafariZisa da sxvaTa origina-

luri, agreTve Targmnili da gadmokeTe-

buli piesebi. mefis mTavrobam dass yovel-

wliuri fuladi daxmareba dauniSna, rad-

gan varaudobda, rom igi carizmis intere-

sebs daeqvemdebareboda, magram roca dar-

wmunda, rom Teatri ganmaTavisuflebel,

antibatonymur ideebs qadagebda, reaqci-

ul TavadaznaurobasTan erTad daiwyo mi-

si Seviwroeba. 1854 wels g. erisTavi iZu-

lebuli gaxda TeatrisaTvis Tavi daenebe-

bina. Teatri daixura 1856 wels.

es iyo pirveli da im droisTvis erTa-

derTi profesiuli Teatri saqarTveloSi.

erovnuli Teatris aRorZineba qarTveli

xalxis cxovrebaSi mniSvnelovani movlena

iyo. magram Teatralur dass Zalian mZime

pirobebSi uxdeboda muSaoba. mefis admi-

nistraciis warmomadgenlebi qarTuli Te-

atraluri xelovnebis ganviTarebis Se-

ferxebisTvis yvela Rones xmarobdnen. Te-

atrs waarTves Senoba, mis repertuarze

umkacresi cenzura iyo dawesebuli. am mi-

zezTa Sedegad 1856 wels erisTavis Teat-

raluri dasi daiSala da 70-iani wlebis bo-

lomde qarTvel dramaturgTa piesebis

dadgmebi mxolod moyvaruli Teatrale-

bis mier xorcieldeboda

qarTuli sasceno xelovnebis axali,

Zlier nayofieri periodi 1879 wels da-

iwyo, rodesac TbilisSi mowinave sazoga-

do moRvaweebis jgufma ilia WavWavaZisa

da akaki wereTlis xelmZRvanelobiT qar-

Tuli profesiuli dramatuli Teatris

gaxsnas miaRwia. erTi wlis Semdeg drama-

tuli Teatri quTaisSic gaixsna. am peri-

odSi qarTuli dramatuli Teatrebis sce-

nebze gamoCndnen niWieri msaxiobebi da re-

Jisorebi: vaso abaSiZe, lado mesxiSvili,

nato gabunia, mako safarova-abaSiZe, kote

yifiani, kote mesxi, valerian gunia, rom-

lebmac qarTuli Teatraluri xelovneba

maRal doneze aiyvanes..

14 ianvari qarTuli

Teatris dRea

6 iiaannvvaarrii

didi xania vapireb mogone-

bebis daweras. axla, asakis ga-

mo, kidev ufro momeZala am

ganzraxvis Sesruleba. Tanac

minda yvelaferi zustad ga-

vixseno.

1949-50 saswavlo wels da-

vamTavre Cemi soflis _ jab-

niZeebis rvawliani skola da

swavla ganvagrZe mezobeli

uCambis saSualo skolaSi. es

iyo axaladdafuZnebuli Sua-

xevis raionSi pirveli saSua-

lo skola, amitom aq ara mar-

to Suaxevis raionis rvawlia-

ni skolebidan mosulebi agr-

Zelebdnen swavlas, aramed me-

zobeli qedis raionis danda-

los, xaraulas da cxmorisis

skolebidanac. uCambis saSua-

lo skolas maSin normaluri

materialuri baza gaaCnda: ax-

ladaSenebuli didi, grZeli

saskolo Senoba, saerTo

sacxovrebeliTa da interna-

tiT Soreuli soflebidan mo-

suli moswavleebisaTvis, sam-

jeradi ufaso kvebiT.

saSualo ganaTlebis misa-

Rebad me kargi safuZveli mo-

mimzadda Cemi soflis rvaw-

lian skolaSi. aq Camomiyalib-

da swored swavlis didi Jini.

es Jini da SemarTeba, erTi

mxriv, gamomimuSaves Cemma

mSoblebma, meore mxriv _

skolis maswavleblebma: gasu-

li saukunis 40-50-ian wlebSic

zemo aWaris skolebis maswav-

lebelTa absoluturi umrav-

lesoba saqarTvelos sxva rai-

onebidan Camosulebi iyvnen.

isini Zalisa da energiis dau-

zogavad Sromobdnen da sa-

survel Sedegebsac aRwevd-

nen.

dawyebiT klasebSi rom

vswavlobdi, germaniasTan omi

axaldawyebuli iyo. omma saza-

reli gaWirveba mogvitana;

Tan moqmedebda lozungi:

`yvelaferi frontisaTvis!~

mSoblebi cdilobdnen gaWir-

veba TavianT Tavze gadaeta-

naT, Svilebi SeZlebisdagva-

rad daecvaT misi gavlenisa-

gan.

axla cota xniT isev rvaw-

liani skolis dro unda gavix-

seno. me dawyebiTi klasebidan

moyolebuli mTeli rvawlia-

ni skolis periodSi Camoimya-

libda aseTi disciplina: ara-

sapatio mizezebiT ar gamic-

denia arcerTi gakveTili.

skolidan rom vbrundebodi,

male viwyebdi momdevno dRis

gakveTilebis momzadebas (sa-

aTmaSo da gasarTobi bevri

araferi mqonda). skola Cemi

saxlidan sami kilometriT

iyo daSorebuli, aRmarT-

daRmarTi gziT. gakveTilebs

vamzadebdi saswavlo cxrilis

TanmimdevrobiT: sanam wina

gakveTils ar movamzadebdi

`friadze~, momdevnoze ar ga-

davidodi (`friads~ me Tvi-

Ton vuwerdi sakuTar Tavs:

vicodi rogor codnaSi werd-

nen maswavleblebi `friads~).

diliT gakveTilebis gadameo-

rebis gareSe skolaSi ar wavi-

dodi. omis dros saxlSi saaTi

ar gvqonda da mamlebis yivil-

ze viRviZebdi. erTi mezoblis

mamali nametari adre yioda,

ra gza mqonda, me unda gameR-

viZa da loginTan dakidebuli

navTis lampis Suqze damewyo

gakveTilebis ganmeoreba

(Cvens sofelSi maSin eleqt-

roganaTeba ar iyo). Tu kargad

gadavimeorebdi da dro momr-

Ceboda, isev CaviZinebdi (im

mamlis brali iyo, adre rom

yioda. amaze babuaCemi ambob-

da: òmis dros mamlebi adre

yiviano~).

aseTi muSaobis Sedegi is

iyo, rom mSobelTa krebaze

maswavleblebs qebiT caSi av-

yavdi. gansakuTrebiT manebiv-

rebda qarTuli enisa da lite-

raturis maswavlebeli klav-

dia TaTariSvili. qarTuli

enis gramatikis safuZvlian

SeswavlasTan erTad igi qar-

Tul literaturaSic did in-

teress miRvivebda. man maswav-

la mxatvruli kiTxva: maSin

modad iyo qceuli sapirvel-

maiso da saSvidnoembro saze-

imo krebebze skolis moswav-

leTa gamosvla leqsebis mxat-

vruli kiTxviT. msiamovnebda,

kargad warmoTqmuli leqsis-

Tvis didxans taSs rom mikrav-

dnen. Zalian movwondi rusu-

li enis maswavlebels vaxtang

jiblaZes, romelic xSirad

ityoda xolme: `Cveni romani

bambasaviT isrutavs gakveTi-

lebso~ (erTxans ver vigebdi

ras niSnavda es gamoTqma, Tum-

ca imas ki vxvdebodi, rom mas-

wavlebeli maqebda). advili

warmosadgenia mSoblebis si-

xarulic. isini sul mefere-

bodnen da manebivrebnen. me ki

aqedan mxolod swor daskv-

nebs vakeTebdi: saSualo sko-

laSi kidev ufro gameZliere-

bia swavla da TavisTavze mu-

Saoba, safuZvlianad movmza-

debuliyavi umaRlesSi Sesasv-

lelad. asec moxda.

uCambis saSualo skolaSi

sawvlis dros saerTo sacxov-

rebelSi bina momces da inter-

natSic Camweres. saxlSi mxo-

lod SabaT-kviras vbrundebo-

di. cxovrebis pirobebis Secv-

las uaryofiTi gavlena ar

mouxdenia Cems saswavlo re-

Jimze, igi odnav Seicvala:

gakveTilebis swavla da ganme-

oreba Ramis 12 saaTamde unda

momeswro _ am droisaTvis

uCambis eleqtrosadguri Cer-

deboda, mamilebis yivilze

lampis anTeba aq ar SeiZlebo-

da, radgan oTaxSi 4 moswavle

vcxovrobdiT; erTi sityviT,

yvelfers dRisiT vasworeb-

di. es reJimi janmrTelobisT-

visac ukeTesi iyo. rogorc

moswavlem, aqac gamoviCine

Tavi da maswavlebelTa da

skolis direqtoris, Rrmad

pativcemuli pirovnebis ivane

barabaZis yuradReba miviqcie.

saskolo komkavSiruli orga-

nizaciis mdivnadac amirCies,

riTac gamiCnda axali saqme da

pasuxismgebloba. yvelaze

mTavar saqmed mainc swavla-

mecadineobis gaZliereba da

saSualo skolis oqros, an

vercxlis medalze damTavre-

ba mimaCnda. orive medals er-

Tnairi Zala hqonda da ates-

tatze erTnairad ewera: àm

atestatis mflobels ufleba

aqvs ugamocdod Sevides ssr

kavSiris yvela umaRles sas-

wavlebelSi.~ XI klasSi rom vi-

yavi, moswavleTa sacxovreb-

lidan naTesavis binaSi gada-

vedi da dRis reJimiT muSao-

bas isev Ramis reJimic davama-

te: aq ukve lampis Suqzec Se-

iZleboda muSaoba. SuaRamisas

vdgebodi da vmuSaobdi qar-

Tuli da rusuli literatu-

ris sawer Temebze. es male Se-

mamCnia ojaxis ufrosma, ke-

TilSobilma adamianma sula

beriZem; jer me gamafrTxila,

Rameebis Teva ar SeiZlebao,

rom ver gamomaswora, mSob-

lebTan gamasaCivra: `biWi Ra-

meebs aTevs da meSinia janmr-

Telobaze ar imoqmedoso.~

amis Semdeg Rameebis Tevas vu-

keli, magram dilaadrian ma-

inc viRviZebdi gakveTilebis

gadasameoreblad da saweri

Temebis mosawerisgeblad.

maxsovs, uCambis saSualo

skola axaldaarsebuli Suaxe-

vis raionis xelmZRvanelTa

yuradRebis centrSi iyo. rai-

komis pirveli mdivani, maSin

axalgazrda energiuli kaci,

levan ukleba Cemi swavlis

dros orjer movida skolaSi.

erTxel me, rogorc saskolo

pirveladi komkavSiruli or-

ganizciis mdivans, piradi ga-

saubreba momiwyo, partiis XIX

yrilobis masalebzec Seme-

kiTxa. Cven es masalebi isto-

riis gakveTilebze gvqonda

Seswavlili. direqtors uTx-

ra, es axalgazrda partiis ri-

gebSi miiReTo, magram maSin ar

SeiZleboda, radgan 18 wlis

Sesrulebas naxevar welze me-

ti maklda). ganaTlebis sami-

nistrodanac modiodnen sko-

laSi Semowmebaze. X klasSi

rom viyavi, erT-erTi aseTi

inspeqtirebis dros qarTuli

literaturis gakveTilze

gveswreboda saqveynod cno-

bili qalbatoni, niWierebiTa

da obieqturobiT gamorCeu-

li SuSana gunia. nikoloz ba-

raTaSvilis Semoqmedeba

gvqonda gakveTilad da `mera-

ni~ _ sazepirod. imdenad mo-

woneboda Cem mier warmoTqmu-

li `merani~, rom maswavlebel

pavle nacvliSvilisTvis uTq-

vams: `me megona n. baraTaSvili

TviTon kiTxulobda `meran-

so~. (baton pavles maSin baTu-

mis pedinstituti axaldam-

Tavrebuli hqonda da ganawi-

lebiT uCambis skolaSi muSa-

obda). es ambavi imitom gavix-

sene, rom misi gavlena momdev-

no welsac gamoCnda, kerZod,

ganTlebis saministrodan

qarTuli weris gamocdaze da-

saswrebad inspeqtorebs rom

gzavnidnen, qalbaton SuSanas

TviTon moeTxova uCambis sko-

laSi wasvla gamocdaze dasas-

wrebad.

XI klasSi qarTul litera-

turas sxva maswavlebeli _

gizo cincaZe gvaswavlida (ba-

toni pavle baTumSi dabrunda

samuSaod). gamocdis dawyebam-

de qalbaton SuSanas move-

kiTxe. amis Sesaxeb maswavle-

belma miTxra da Tan gamafr-

Txila, aba Sen ici, rogor din-

jad da kargad dawer Temaso.

paketis gaxsnis Semdeg me

avirCie Tema: `stalinis saxe

qarTul sabWoTa literatu-

raSi.~ cota mofiqrebis Sem-

deg daviwye Temis wera. iri-

bad gaxedviT, gzadagza vamC-

nevdi qalbaton SuSanas Cemken

mopyrobil mzeras. rogorc

maswavlebelma miTxra, Cemi

naSromi man gaaswora. naSromi

mowoneboda, `friads~ vwero

uTqvams, magram manamde main-

teresebs am ymawvilTan Sex-

vedrao. Cven gulis fancqa-

liT velodebodiT Temebis

gasworebas: zogi mezobel

saklaso oTaxSi vucdidiT Se-

degebs, zogi _ skolis ezoSi.

me gamomiZaxes da warmadgines

qalbaton SuSanasTan; meubne-

ba: Sen SarSan `merani~ rom

warmoTqvi, xom is biWi xar?

diax, vupasuxe me. yoCaR, Te-

mac kargad dagiweria, magram

me mainc gamiCnda aseTi Se-

kiTxva: qarTul sabWoTa li-

teraturaSi stalinis saxis

warmoCenas ratom iwyeb Salva

dadianis `naperwklidan~ da

ratom amTavreb ioseb noneS-

vilis leqsiT, _ `mamav, Zvir-

faso?~ vupasuxe: imitom, rom

me Sevecade am Temaze arsebu-

li uxvi masala damelagebina

beladis cxovrebis qronolo-

giuri TanmimdevrobTac. am

SemTxvevaSi Salva dadianis

`naperwklidan~ pirvelad imi-

tom ganvixile, rom aq stali-

nis siWabukis periodia asaxu-

li, xolo ioseb noneSvilis

`mamav, Zvirfaso!~ bolos imi-

tom movaqcie, rom aq stali-

nis gardacvalebiT gamowveu-

li mwuxarebaa mocemuli. yo-

CaR, miTxra. amis gageba mindo-

da da miviRe amomwuravi pasu-

xio. Semdeg maswavleblisTvis

eTqva: àxalgaxsnil saSualo

skolebSi, sadac veswrebodi

weriT gamocdebs, `friads~

Cemi xeliT pirvelad aq vwe-

ro.~

mapatios mkiTxvelma, am

detalebis gaxseneba, cota

trabaxis toniTac (Tumca si-

namdvile ase iyo) imitom da-

miWrda, rom man didi gavlena

iqonia Cems momaval cxovreba-

ze. danarCeni gamocdebic

`friadebze~ Cavabare da moma-

niWes oqros medali. magram

naTqvamia, `cxovreba mou-

lodnelobebiT aris aRsavse-

o~. albaT, es gamoTqma maSin

yvelaze metad Cemze iyo mor-

gebuli. oqros medlis ates-

tatis molodinSi, samwuxaro

ambavi movida: Cemi medali gae-

uqmebinaT aWaris ganaTlebis

saministroSi, maTematikisa

da rusuli weriTi namuSevre-

bis `friadebidan~ `kargebze~

CamofasebiT. sakmarisi iyo, am

oridan erTSi daetovebinaT

`friadi~, vercxlis medali

SemrCeboda. magram ase ar mox-

da. amis mizezi is iyo, rom XI

klasSi 3-4 viyaviT medlis kan-

didatebi da mxolod orma _

oTari TurmaniZem da me Cava-

bareT gamocdebi medlebze (a-

masTan dakavSirebiT, medlis

kandidatebis erT-erT mSo-

bels gancxadeba Seetana aWa-

ris ganaTlebis saministroSi:

skolaSi zogierTs daexmarnen

medlis miRebaSi da zogs ara-

o). amas mohyva saministroSi

weriTi namuSevrebis gadasin-

jva da SeZlebisdagvarad Se-

fasebaTa CamoqveiTeba (med-

lis gauqmebis mizniT). arc ga-

emtyunebodaT. maSin dawese-

buli iyo mkacri kontroli

medlis miniWebaze; Tu umaR-

lesSi ugamocdod mowyobili

medalosani pirvel semestrSi

gamocdebis Sedegad miiRebda

dabal niSnebs, an aradamakma-

yofilebels, pasuxs Txovnden

skolasac da ganaTlebis sami-

nistrosac.

Cemi medlis gauqmebis amba-

vi swrafad gavrcelda. bato-

ni levan ukleba telefoniT

dakavSireboda aWaris avto-

nomiur respublikis ganaTle-

bis ministrs baton vaxtang ax-

vledians da eTqva: mag bavSvs

me piradad vicnob, Zalian

kargad swavlobda da medalic

damsaxurebulad mianiWes,

gTxovT ar daCagroT usafuZ-

vlod, Tu SeiZleba gadaxedeT

Tqven mier miRebul gadawyve-

tilebaso. batonma vaxtangma

gulTan miitana raionis pir-

veli piris Txovna da ase upa-

suxa: amis gakeTeba SesaZlebe-

lia im pirobiT, Tu es bavSvi

gasaubrebaze gamocxaddeba

ganaTlebis saministroSio.

skolidan gamagebines, rom ba-

adamianebi, romlebmac gansazRvres

Cemi cxovrebis mimarTuleba

7iiaannvvaarrii

TumSi momiwevda wamosvla, ma-

namde ki levan uklebam Tavis-

Tan damibara da momca aseTi

gafrTxileba: dauyovnebliv

unda gamocxadde ganaTlebis

saministroSi gasaubrebaze,

SeiZleba romelime saganSi ga-

mocdis ganmeorebiT Cabare-

bac mogiwios; ukan ar daixio,

iyavi Tamamad da gabedulado.

uceb axali problema gamiCn-

da: 18 weli ki mqonda ukve Ses-

rulebuli, magram pasporti

ar mqonda aRebuli. imaxand

Suaxevi-baTumis gzaze or ad-

gilas iyo sasazRvro gamSvebi

sakontrolo punqti, paspor-

tis gareSe baTumSi ver Caxvi-

dodi. es gaaxsenda mamaCems,

romelic Tan maxlda raikomSi

Sesvlisas. batonma levanma

aqac gamiwia operatiuli dax-

mareba, gadaureka miliciis

ganyofilebaSi da uTxra:

TqvenTan mova uCambis sko-

ladmTavrebuli roman zosi-

Ze, miyeviT mesuraTesTan, ga-

dauReT suraTi da dResve ga-

uformeT pasporti, rom xval

SeZlos baTumSi wasvla. meore

dRes dilas sapasporto gan-

yofilebaSi damaxvedres pas-

porti da me mamaCemis Tanxle-

biT wavedi baTumSi. SuadRi-

sas gamovcxaddiT ganaTlebis

saministroSi. baton vaxtang

axvledians mimRebSi momuSave

qalbatoni gaefTxilebia, Se-

uaxevidan rom bavSvi Camova,

urigod gamouSviT CemTano.

asec moxda, me da mamaCemi ori-

ve migviRo ministrma. vyela-

feri guldasmiT agvixsna da

me miTxra: gamocdebis ganmeo-

rebiT Cabarebas ar mo-

viTxovT Sengan, mxolod ga-

davxedavT maTematikisa da

rusulis weriT namuSevrebs,

vnaxavT ris gamo Camogiqvei-

Tes recenzentebma `friadi~

Sefavsebebi `kargebze~. am

dros Sen mogiwevs dasmul Se-

kiTxvebze pasuxebis gacema.

sul es aris da es.

meore dRes 12 saaTze mi-

nistris kabinetSi viyaviT da-

barebuli. cota adre gamov-

cxaddiT me da mamaCemi (manam-

de baTumSi, pataraobisas,

sul orjer viyavi Camosuli,

amitom maxlda mamaCemi). CemT-

vis sasiamovno siurprizi iyo

qalbaton SuSana gunias qoma-

goba. Turme masac SesTavazes

qarTulSi Cemi naSromis re-

cenzireba da saWiro SemTxve-

vaSi niSnis CamoqveiTeba. man

ki baton ministrs Seaxsena,

rom am gamocdas TviTon esw-

reboda da Sefaseba `friadi~

misi xeliT dawera. es man

miTxra ministrTan Sesvlam-

de, Tavis kabinetSi, Tan mamx-

nevebda: gabedulad upasuxe

dasmul SekiTxvebs, ise ro-

gorc me mipasuxe uCambaSi

qarTuli weriTi naSromis ga-

saocrad zusti Tanmimdevro-

bis Sesaxeb (razec zemoT iyo

laparaki). im gamocdaze rom

ar vyofiliyavi, mec SeiZleba

eWvi gamCenoda da mefiqra: es

naSromi garedan Setanili Sa-

pargalka SeiZleba iyos, ga-

mocdis procesSi moswavle

ase kargad ver daalagebda da

ver dawerdao. daaxloebiT

aseTi mosazrebiT aris Camo-

fasebuli Seni sxva naSrome-

bic. aba Sen ici, rogor yoCa-

Rad daicav Sens nawerebs ma-

Tematikasa da rusulSi. me Se-

ni gulSematkivari var da ba-

toni vaxtang axvledianic Za-

lian daintersebulia Seni

warmatebiT.

dadgenil droze SemiSves

ministris kabinetSi. maTema-

tikaSi Cemi weriTi namuSeva-

ris recenzia gaekeTebia ba-

ton silovan dadunaSvils,

romelic maSin saministroSi

saskolo inspeqtorad muSa-

obda. aRmoCnda, rom baton si-

lovans Svebuleba aeRo da sa-

zafxulod isvenebda sxvagan,

amitom gamoiZaxes sxva maswav-

lebeli, romelmac waikiTxa

baton silovanis mier daweri-

li recenzia Cems weriT naS-

romze (es iyo amocana, rome-

lic exeboda marTi samkuTxa

prizmis moculobis gamoTv-

las). batoni silovani recen-

ziaSi aRniSnavda, rom naSromi

Sesrulebulia srulyofilad

da imsaxurebs maRal Sefase-

bas _ `friads~. magram aq erT

adgilas aris gaangariSebis

SekumSuli dawera, rac aSka-

rad aRemateba moswavlis ma-

Tematikuri azrovnebis

unars, ris gamoc rCeba STa-

beWdileba, rom naSromi gada-

werilia Setanili Spargalki-

dan. amis gamo moxda Camofase-

ba `friadidan~ `kargze~. roca

Semmowmebeli SemekiTxa, ra-

tom SekumSe da srulyofilad

(gaSlilad) ar dawere naSro-

mis es adgili, me vupasuxe:

drois simciris gamo (Cemi mas-

wavlebeli movixme da Seve-

kiTxe: SeiZleba Tu ara es ga-

angariSeba davwero SekumSu-

lad, razec miviRe dadebiTi

pasuxi da amitom aris ase. me

SemiZlia axla aq gaSlilad

davwero, Tu nebas momcemT.

swored es gvindao, Tqva minis-

trma RimiliT da me gavSale

SekumSuli formula. saminis-

troSi mowveulma maswavle-

belma (samwuxarod, misi vina-

oba maSin ar damidgenia) Tavis

qneviT Seamowma SekumSuli

formulis gaSlili varianti

da dasZina: yoCaR, araferi sa-

davo aRar ariso! ufro meti

sixaruli da kmayofileba

amovikiTxe baton vxatang axv-

ledianis saxeze. ministrma

mkiTxa: medali rom dagibrun-

des, sad apireb swavlis gagr-

Zelebaso? vupasuxe: moskovis

universitetSi SeiZleba ga-

vagrZelo swavla, mdidari si-

Ze myavs, Suaxevidan axalso-

felSia Camosaxlebuli da ax-

la gonios sasoflo sabWos

aRmaskomis Tavmjomarea. is

mpirdeba daxmarebas. Tumca

jer sabolood ar gadamiwyve-

tia, sad waval swavlis gasag-

rZeleblad. ai aq davuSvi Sec-

doma. albaT, ministrma ifiq-

ra uCabmaSi naswavli rusu-

liT rogor bedavs moskovSi

swavlis gagrZelebaso da meo-

re dRes damibares rusul Te-

maze gasaubrebisaTvis. cota

ar iyos, meSinoda kidec. isev

12 saaTze unda gamovcxadebu-

liyavi. rusuli weriTi namu-

Sevaris recenzenti iyo maSi-

nac da SemdegSic saqveynod

cnobili ganaTlebis Rvawl-

mosili muSaki kale bolqvaZe.

rusulis Tema fadeevis Se-

moqmedebas exeboda, sakont-

rolo weris drosac mqonda am

TemaSi `friadi~ Sefaseba. am

gamocdaze meti SeRavaTi mom-

ces da Tavi gavarTvi mis dawe-

rasac (gadaweramde maswavle-

belma gadaxeda).

batonma kalem daxeda

teqsts da momca aseTi SekiTx-

va: `dasawyisSi Sen giweria _

Âûäàþùèéñÿ ðóññêèé ïèñàòåëüÔàäååâ… pirvel sityvaSi ù-s

Semdeg ratom giweria è da ara

û. mere es rusuladac Seme-

kiTxa. mec rusulad vupasuxe:

Ïîñëå øèïÿøèõ û íå ïèøåòñÿ.

amis Semdeg mTxova samive

droSi, mxolobiT da mravlo-

biT ricxvSi meuRlebia zmna

«×èòàòü» (Tavi kargad gavarT-

vi). Semdeg mTxova mebrunebia

arsebiTi saxeli: «Êíèãà» (a-

qac uSecdomod Sevasrule

davaleba), da vxedav, Tavisi

CanTidan amoiRo wigni, aRmoC-

nda maSindeli VII klasis ru-

sulis saxelmZRvanelo, gada-

Sala da miTxra: waikiTxe da

Targmneo. roca davxede

teqsts, vuTxari es teqsti ze-

pirad vici-meTqi. meubneba: VII

klasSi naswavli, XI klasSi ze-

pirad saidan icio. me vupasu-

xe: maSin leqsebsa da patara

moTxrobebis teqstebsac vi-

zepirebdi da qarTulad

vTargmnidi-meTqi. wignis me-

qanikurad gadaSlis Semdeg,

swored erTi aseTi, Tavis

droze dazepirebuli da XI

klasamde ki ara aqamde Cems

mexsierebaSi SemorCenili

teqsti aRmoCnda, saTauriT:

«Ïîä çíàìåíåì ïàðòèè Ëåíèíà-Ñòàëèíà», am saTauris Targma-

ni swrafad gavakeTe, wigni

davxure da daviwye teqstis

zepirad warmoTqma: «Ðàäîñòíîè ñ÷àñòëèâî æèâåò íàøà ñòðàíà.Êàê ÿðêèé ìàÿê ñâåòèò ÑîâåòñêèéÑîþç…» mTlianad es teqsti

naxevar gverdze cota meti

iyo. batoni vaxtangi aRfrTo-

vanebas ver malavda. gamomc-

deli ki meubneboda:

«Ìîëîäåö!» batoni vaxtangi

meubneboda: `yoCaR, kargi bi-

Wi yofilxar!~. swored, Cem

Tvalwin gaauqmes niSnis Camo-

fasebis recenzia da damibru-

nes `friadi~ Sefaseba rusul-

Si. rac Seexeba maTematikas,

SvebulebaSi myof baton si-

lovans ver daukavSirdnen da

mis nacvlad mowveuli maswav-

leblis mier niSnis amaRleba,

ratomRac ar CaTvales mizan-

Sewonilad. Tumca meti ra min-

doda, damibrunda vercxlis

medali, romelsac oqros Za-

la da gavlena hqonda. sixaru-

liT viyavi Sepyrobili da igi

usazRvro gaxda maSin, roca

kabinetis kari gaiRo da Semo-

vidnen qalbatoni SuSana gu-

nia da mamaCemi, romelic mo-

sacdelSi ijda. qalbatonma

SuSanam igi mosalocad da or-

mxrivi madlobis saTqmelad

Semoiyvana kabinetSi.

ministris kabinetidan ga-

mosvlis win batoni vaxtangi

kvlav SemekiTxa: gviTxari, ma-

inc sad gaagrZeleb swavlas?

vupasuxe: an baTumis pedago-

giur institutSi, an Tbilisis

saxelmwifo universitetSi.

moskovSi ar waxval? SemekiTxa

ministri. ara, moskovi gadavi-

fiqre-meTqi, vupasuxe. Seni da

Seni mSoblebis nebaa, sad wax-

val, yvelgan gvigule Sens

gulSematkivrebad, gza dagvi-

locnia swavlis did sarbiel-

zeo, brZana ministrma. me da

mamaCemi avdeqiT da madloba,

madlobis ZaxiliT gamovediT

batoni vaxtangis kabinetidan.

cxra-aTi dRis Semdeg sko-

laSi miiRes Cemi medlis ates-

tati. gadavwyvite swavlis

gagrZeleba Tbilisis saxelm-

wifo universitetis iuridi-

ul fakultetze. manamde Tbi-

lisSi namyofi ar viyavi da ga-

mayoles Cemi dis mamamTils

(mas Tavisi saqmec hqonda Tbi-

lisSi). TbilisSi sabuTebis

Catana 1953 wels 20 ivlisis

Semdeg momixda. es dro sakma-

od dagvianebuli aRmoCnda

medlis atestatis mflobeli-

saTvis. universitetis maSin-

deli wesebis mixedviT dadge-

nili iyo TiToeul specialo-

baze medlis atestatiT ram-

deni sabuTi unda mieRoT, rom

darCeniliyo sakonkurso ad-

gilebic. iuridiul fakul-

tetze am droisaTvis medalo-

sanTa raodenoba Sevsebuli

iyo da uari miTxres sabuTe-

bis miRebaze. aseTive mdgoma-

reoba aRmoCnda ekonomikis

fakultetze. sakmaod Sewuxe-

buli saxiT gadavinacvle fi-

losofiis fakultetis sam-

divnosTan. iqac analogiuri

mdgomareoba damxvda. magram

sabuTebis mimRebi qalbatoni

yuradRebiani aRmoCnda, mas-

wavla, gancxadebiT Sevsuli-

yavi universitetis reqtor-

Tan da momeTxova filosofi-

is specialobis I kursze meda-

losnis erTi adgilis damate-

ba, Tan damariga, rogor dame-

wera es gancxadeba. ase moviqe-

ci.

rogorc cnobilia, Tbili-

sis universitetis reqtorad

1945 wlidan 1953 wlis ivli-

samde muSaobda saxelovani

mecnieri da mamuliSvili niko

kecxoveli. me gancxadebis da-

wera momixda axladdaniSnuli

reqtoris batoni ilia vekuas

saxelze. reqtorTan xalxis

rigi ar iyo da male momiwia

Sesvla. roca gancxadebaSi

amoikiTxa: `Camosuli var aWa-

ris avtonomiuri respubli-

kis Suaxevis raionidan,~ cota

saeWvod amaTvaliera da miTx-

ra: `rom CagricxoT, SeZleb am

specialobaze swavlasao.~ vu-

pasuxe: `mainteresebs da SevZ-

leb~-meTqi; da daado rezo-

lucia: `miiReT sabuTebi.~

sakmarisi iyo, baton ilias

uari eTqva, ar daematebia er-

Ti meadlosnis adgili, sxva-

gan wasasvleli gza aRar mqon-

da da davbrundebodi baTum-

Si. am SemTxvevaSi reqtorma

gansazRvra Cemi cxovrebs be-

di, ise rogorc ramdenime

dRis win es gaakeTes batoneb-

ma vaxtnag axvledianma, kale

bolqvaZem da Cemma didma

gulSematikvarma qalbatonma

SuSana guniam.

aq minda davamTavro mogo-

nebebis pirveli nawilis wera,

magram erTi momenti mainc

unda davamato: uCveulod

bednieri studentoba mqon-

da. vcxovrobdi studqalaqSi

(binis Tviuri gadasaxadi 2 ma-

neTs Seadgenda, friadosnis

stipendia sakmaod maRali

iyo). Zalian male Semiyvarda

universiteti da Tbilisi.

swavla ufro advili gamod-

ga, vidre velodi. male gavx-

di universitetisa da Tbili-

sis sajaro biblioTekebis aq-

tiuri mkiTxveli. kidev uf-

ro gamezarda swavlis Jini. aq

mexmareboda skolis perio-

dis gamocdilebac da Sedeg-

mac ar daayvona, pirveli se-

mestris yvela gamocda fria-

debze Cavabare. zamTris ar-

dadegebze saxlSi wamovedi.

baTumSi CamosvlisTanve Cem-

Tvis cnobili ganaTlebis sa-

ministroSi inspeqtorebis

kabinets mivakiTxe da qalba-

ton SuSana gunias vaCvene

matrikuli. gadamkocna da

miTxra, axlave davrekav Sua-

xevis ganaTlebis ganyofile-

baSi da yvelas gavagebineb

Sens sasixarulo warmateba-

so. asec moxda.

swavlisaTvis arc Semdeg

miRalatnia. Cemi universite-

tis diplomis danarTSi mxo-

lod ori `kargi~ figurirebs,

danarCeni sul `friadebia~.

axlac saTuTad vinaxav Tbi-

lisis universitetdamTavre-

bulis samkerde niSans, rome-

lic maSin pativisa da Rirse-

bis aRmniSvneli simbolo iyo.

P.S. korespondenti: bato-

no roman, mogonebebi Tqveni

cxovrebis adrindel peri-

odze metad mgrZnobiare,

STambeWdavi da damajerebe-

lia. amasTanave, erTi Sexed-

viT gveCveneba, rom Tqven ga-

nicdiT socializmis nos-

talgiasac. gTxovT gvipasu-

xoT, marTlac asea?

roman zosiZe: ar aris ase.

marTalia nostalgia warsu-

lis mogonebebiT gamowveul

sevdasac niSnavs; magram me

am mogonebebs zustad ase

davwerdi Cemi moswavleobi-

sa da studentobis period-

Sic (e.i. gasuli saukunis 50-

ian wlebSi) rom yofiliyo

kapitalizmi CvenTan dabru-

nebuli. ra Tqma unda, maSin

saqme sxva adamianebTan meq-

neboda. me ganvizraxe mogo-

nebebSi meCvenebina, erTi

mxriv, Cemi cxovrebis ad-

rindeli periodi, meore

mxriv, is adamianebi, rom-

lebmac TavianTi patiosne-

biTa da qveynisaTvis uanga-

ro samsaxuriT mec gamiwies

saWiro daxmareba da gan-

sazRvres Cemi cxovrebis mo-

mavali. damijereT, aq socia-

lizmis nostalgia arafer

SuaSia.

ise aq imis Tqmac mominda,

rom zogierTi adamiani so-

cializmTan mimarTebaSi

Cvens warsuls lanZRavs da

afermkrTalebs. es aris is-

toriis damaxinjeba. aseT

adamianebs vetyvi: warsulis

usafuZvlo lanZRviT bevrs

verafers mivaRwevT, ufro

metic, _ amiT vamaxinjebT

Cvens awmyosa da momavals.

Cemi Tu ar gjeraT, dauje-

reT did ilias: àwmyo Sobi-

li wasrulisagan, aris mSo-

beli momavlisa.~

me, magaliTad, dResac ga-

mosayeneblad mimaCnia gasu-

li saukunis 30-ian wlebSi

komunistebis mier wamoyene-

buli principi: `kadrebi

wyveten yvelafers~, an kidev

maT mier damkvidrebuli

`kritika da TvTikritika~.

amJamad Cvens xelmZRvanel

partiebSi dawesebulia Ta-

vis warmoCena da sxvaTa kri-

tika, TviTkritika mTlia-

nad ugulvebelyofilia. Tu

xelmZRvaneli partiebi kri-

tikasTan erTad daaweseben

TviTkritikasac, maSin par-

tiaTa simravle saqarTvelo-

Si minimumamde Semcirdeba,

maT arsebobas azri daekar-

geba, radgan saCxreki aRara-

feri darCebaT.

8 iiaannvvaarrii

misasalmebelia, rom 80 wlis saiubi-

leo TariRTan dakavSirebiT gamosace-

mad mzaddeba yovlismomcveli wigni

berZnul-romaul WidaobaSi msoflios

sam gzis Cempionze, beWdaudebel fala-

vanze rostom abaSiZeze, visac mkiTxve-

li ZiriTadad Jurnal-gazeTebSi gamoq-

veynebuli sportuli Tematikis publi-

kaciebiT icnobs. bunebrivia, nebismieri

adamianis Rirseul pirovnebad formi-

rebaSi ganuzomelia adgilis dedisa da

ojaxuri garemos roli. mec Sevecdebi

rostomis fenomens am kuTxiT Sevexo.

rostom abaSiZis cxovrebis sawyisi wle-

bi mwvane koncxs ukavSirdeba, sadac er-

Txans meuRlesTan nigar xalvaSTan da

SvilebTan erTad cxovrobda da aq arse-

bul sasoflo-sameurnoe teqnikumSi na-

yofier pedagogiur moRvaweobas eweoda

rostomis mama, Rvawlmosili pirovneba

omer abaSiZe.

vfiqrobT, interess moklebuli ar

iqneba Tu aqve mkiTxvels gavacnobT ba-

Tumis sasoflo-sameurneo teqnikumis

mokle istorias. aRniSnuli saswavlebe-

li dasabams 1925 wlidan iRebs, rac spe-

cifikuri niSniT - subtropikuli agra-

ruli warmoebis organizaciis soflis

meurneobis specialistTa momzadebis

niSniT Seiqmna. misi dafuZneba ganapiro-

ba xelsayrelma adgilmdebareobam, sau-

keTeso materialur-teqnikurma bazam

da maRalkvalificiurma pedkoleqtiv-

ma. mwvane koncxis lamaz bunebas Tavis

droze mefis ruseTis maRali Tanamde-

bobis samxedro pirebi da vaWar-mrewve-

lebi miuzidavs, romlebsac aq agarakebi

augiaT, miwis nakveTebi SeuZeniaT, Sesa-

niSnavi baRebi, ZiriTadad subtropiku-

li kulturebi gauSenebiaT.

gasabWoebis Semdeg teqnikumma swo-

red aRniSnuli teritoriis 25 heqtari

farTobi daikava, ris Semdeg iqca cod-

nis SeZenis ZiriTad wyarod, ara marto

aWarisa da saqarTvelos, aramed yofili

sabWoTa kavSiris sxvadasxva kuTxidan

Camosuli moswavleebisTvis (1947 wlam-

de rusuli seqtori iyo). Tavisi arsebo-

bis manZilze mas rva aTasze meti teqni-

kuri da umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone Se-

moqmedebiTi unariT dajildoebuli

specialisti da mecnieri aRuzrdia.

saswavleblis pedpersonals Soris

omer abaSiZes yovelTvis Rirseuli ad-

gili ekava. 1928 wels daamTava Tbilisis

saxelmwifo universitetis agronomiu-

li fakulteti da reqtoratis gadawyve-

tilebiT mecnier muSakad gaagzavnes Cai-

sa da subtropikuli kulturebis sakav-

Siro samecniero kvleviTi institutis

Caqvis filialSi, sadac moRvaweobda ag-

raruli mecnierebis korife Cais seleq-

ciaSi, msoflioSi gamoCenili mkvlevari

qsenia baxtaZe, CineTidan mowveuli spe-

cialisti lao jin-jao da sxvebi.

rogorc axalgazrda mecnieri omer

abaSiZe dainteresebuli iyo subtopiku-

li kulturebis mola-moyvanis intesiu-

ri teqnologiebis danergviT. man araer-

Ti naSromi miuZRvna limonis garTxmu-

li kulturis sakiTxebs. igi iyo, aseve,

Cais pirveli xeliT sakrefi meqanikuri

aparatis Semqmneli, romelsac dResac

gaumjobesebuli saxiT iyeneben Cais

mrewvelobaSi.

omer abaSiZis pedagogiuri miRwevebi

samecniero muSaobis paralelurad da-

iwyo. teqnikumSi mis leqciebs msmeneli

arasodes mohklebia. studentebs sje-

rodaT misi, umwiklo da patiosani Sro-

miT igi didi avtoritetiT sargeblob-

da leqtor-maswavlebelTa Sorisac. ga-

moirCeoda siaxleebis ZiebiT, ubraloe-

biTa da TavdaWerilobiT, aRsazrde-

lebsac amave niSan-Tvisebebs unergavda.

amasTan dakavSirebiT sayuradReboa er-

Ti epizodi, razedac Tavis mogonebaSi

amaxvilebs yuradRebas teqnikumis fri-

adosani kursdamTarebuli, xelvaCau-

ris raionis gamgeblis yofili moadgi-

le, aWaris damsaxurebuli agronomi

omar xalvaSi. misi TqmiT batoni omeris

ufrosi vaJis rostomis warmatebebze

mTeli sabWoeTi laparakobda da es, ra-

Ra Tqma unda saswavlebelSi saTanadod

aRiqmeboda. marTalia omer abaSiZe Svi-

lis miRwevebiT erTob gaxarebuli iyo,

magram sajarod emociis Sekavebas yo-

velTvis axerxebda, riTac Svilis gamar-

jvebebis kanonzomierebas usvamda xazs.

Tu adamiani moindomebs yvelafers mi-

aRwevso-gvmoZRvravda mudam.

ai, rogor ixenebs Tavisi pedagogis

saswavlo da sawarmoo praqtikis saqmia-

nobas aWaris soflis meurneobisa da

kvebis mrewvelobis yofili ministri,

aWaris damsaxurebuli agronomi zurab

qaTamaZe: „saswavlo procesi marto

swavleba ar aris igi aRzrdasac gulisx-

mobs. pedagogi mxolod sagnis codniT

ki ara, studentebze piradi qceviT,

cxovrebis poziciis gamoxatviT, maTSi

maRal zneobrivi Tvisebebis Camoyali-

bebiT unda zemoqmedebdes. baton omer

abaSiZis pedagogiuri moRvaweoba swo-

red am RirsebiT gamoirCeoda. is Cven

gvaswavlida organul da araorganul

qimias, zogad miwaTmoqmedebas. moswav-

leebi did interess iCendnen agreTve,

mis mier Catarebuli laboratoriul-

seminaruli mecadineobebis mimarT, ro-

melsac ori gziT warmarTavda, pirveli

roca Teoriuli da laboratoriuli me-

cadineoba paralelurad mimdinareobs

da meore, rodesac bevri an romelime

qveTavi jer Teoriulad iswavleba, xo-

lo Semdeg cdebiT muSavdeba da das-

turdeba. rogoricaa magaliTad, nia-

dagsa da mcenareSi nivTierebaTa Semad-

geneli elementebisa da sasuqebSi agro-

qimiuri analizis gansazRvra, romel-

Tac batoni omeri jer Tavad asrulebda

da Semdeg moswavleebi damoukideblad

vatarebdiT, vRebulobdiT Sedegebsa

da Sesabamisi daskvnebic gamogvqonda,

rac aZlierebda sagnebisadmi interess.

es namdvilad didi skola iyo, rac Sem-

deg umaRlesSi swavlis periodSi erTob

gamogvadga, im wlebs dResac gansakuT-

rebuli siamayiT vixseneb. madloba maT

vinc Cvens swavla-aRzrdasa da moqala-

qed Camoyalibebas didi amagi dasdo.

unda aRiniSnos, rom omer abaSiZis

aRzrdilebi yovelTvis gamoirCeodnen

nayofieri SromiTi da sazogadoebrivi

saqmianobiT. bevrma maTganma saqveyno-

dac gaiTqva saxeli. zemoT TqmulTa

garda, maT Soris arian iseTi cnobili

pirovnebebi, rogoricaa: mxatvari dur-

sun inaiSvili, poeti mamia varSaniZe, po-

eti jemal qaTamaZe, msaxiobi sergo kai-

kaciSvili, mixeil beJaniZe (generali,

aWaris yofili Sinagan saqmeTa minist-

ri), aleqsandre TxilaiSvili (partiis

aWaris saolqo komitetis yofili pir-

veli mdivani), xasan girkeliZe, daviT

jabniZe, nunu jinWaraZe, amiran ananiZe

(aWaris soflis meurneobis yofili mi-

nistri), SoTa sirabiZe, daviT TebiZe (a-

Waris ganaTlebis yofili ministri), ma-

mia komaxiZe (iuridiul mecnierebaTa

doqtori, profesori), roza lorTqi-

faniZe (sami mowvevis saqarTvelos par-

lamentis wevri, profesori), murTaz

yurSubaZe (aWaris mrewvelobis minist-

ri), soflis meunoebis mecnierebaTa

doqtorebi: oTar axvlediani, aleqsan-

dre bauJaze, Tamar demetraZe, rezo be-

riZe, Suqri TavarTqilaZe, zurab gogo-

liSvili, xasan bakuriZe, anzor TavarT-

qilaZe, SoTa siraZe, givi jinWaraZe. sab-

WoTa kavSiris gmiri elise tuRuSi. so-

cialisturi Sromis gmirebi: naTela Ce-

lebaZe, xusein mane-

liSvili, saime jabniZe,

berTlome andriadi,

nazi konceliZe, isra-

fil nakaSiZe, mayvala

korZaia, ulfie gugu-

nava, Saleri Todua,

daviT kapanaZe, ivane

Salikava da sxvebi.

omer abaSiZis ma-

Ral kvalificiurobas

did angariSs, rom

uwevdnen, iqedanac

Cans, rom rodesac 1959

wlis ianvarSi baTumis

SoTa rusTavelis saxe-

lobis saxelmwifo pe-

dagogiuri institu-

tis bazaze, saqarTve-

los sasoflo-sameuno

institutis filiali

gaixsna batoni omeri

mis direqtorad daniS-

nes. xelmZRvanelis

rTul movaleobas man

kargad gaarTva Tavi.

filiali sadac leqci-

ebs Tbiliseli da adgilobrivi maRal

kvalificiuri pedagogiuri kadrebi

kiTxulobdnen, umokles droSi gaxda

agraruli sferos kadrebis samWedlo,

misi kursdamTavrebulebi avsebdnen sa-

pasuxismgeblo vakansiebs aWarisa da sa-

qarTvelos sxvadasxva regionebSi.

batoni omer abaSiZis damsaxureba da

Rvawli saTanadod aRiniSna. miniWebuli

hqonda saqarTvelosa da aWaris damsa-

xurebuli maswavleblis sapatio wode-

ba. dajildovda mravali ordeniTa da

medliT, misi amagi dRemde axsovT yo-

fil kursdamTavrebulebs.

omer abaSiZe kolegebisadmi gansa-

kuTrebuli pativiscemiT gamoirCeoda,

gulTbili damokidebuleba gaaCnda

teqnikumis fizika-maTematikis maswav-

leblis mixeil qavTaraZis mimarT, ro-

melmac 1912 wels daamTavra xarkovis

universiteti. 1930-iani wlebidan isini

ojaxebiT mwvane koncxze general be-

luckis #1 agarakze cxovrobdnen. swo-

red aqedan Caeyara safuZveli maTi Svi-

lebis rostomisa da andris urTierTo-

basac. erTad Widaobdnen da dRemde ga-

nuyreli megobrebi arian. batoni andri

Rirseulad iRwvis da kuratoria dasav-

leT saqarTveloSi Widaobis ganviTare-

bis. eamayeba, rom sportuli gzis da-

sawyisSi abaSiZis gverdiT idga, romel-

sac saerTaSoriso asparezze arc erTi

orTabrZola ar waugia da rogorc

ubadlo falavani da moqalaqe mimbaZve-

lobis magaliTi iyo yvelasaTvis.

sasixaruloa, rom rostom abaSiZis

ganvlil cxovrebasTan mimarTebiT or

simbolur damTxvevasTan gvaqvs saqme.

cxovrebis garkveuli periodi mwvane

koncxs daukavSires da misebr msoflio

aRiarebisaken nabiji gadadges aWaris

kidv orma mkvidrma, mwvane koncxis teq-

nikumis bazaze daarsebuli baTumis sa-

xelmwifo sasoflo-sameurneo institu-

tis studentebma muxran vaxtangaZem da

daviT bedinaZem, romlebic Soreul ela-

daSi (q. patra, 2000) da mezobel azerbai-

janSi (q. baqo, 2002) berZnul-romaul Wi-

daobaSi msoflios Cempionebi gaxdnen.

samSobloSi dabrunebul damoukide-

bel saqarTvelos pirvel msoflio Cem-

pions muxran vaxtangaZes institutSi

namdvili dResaswauli mouwyveT. stu-

marTa Soris mowveulebi iyvnen saxel-

ganTqmuli moWidaveebi, msofliosa da

olimpiuri Cempionebi: roman rurua,

levan TediaSvili, rostom abaSiZe, gu-

ram saRaraZe, daviT gobejiSvili, daviT

xaxaleiSvili, veteranebs Soris orgzis

msoflios Cempioni anzor laziSvili da

sxvebi. darbazi mquxare ovaciebiT Sexv-

da msoflios samgzis Cempions rostom

abaSiZis gamoslas, romelmac miuloca

muxrans didi warmateba. siamayiT dasZi-

na, rom TviT miliardian CineTs da in-

doeTs ar hyavs arc erTi msoflio Cem-

pioni WidaobaSi. maSin, roca saqarTve-

lo titulovani falavnebis samSobloa.

aqve rostomma gaixsena mwvane koncxze

gatarebuli wlebi da Tavisi debiuti

sportSi. warmateba mxolod muxlCaux-

reli SromiT miiRweva. meamayeba, rom

muxrani Cveni qveynis mdidari saWidao

tradiciebis gamgrZelebelia - aRniSna

man.

Semdgom muxran vaxtangaZis yofilma

Tanakurselma, soflis meurneobis mec-

nierebaTa doqtorma, profesorma, po-

etma nana konceliZe-jabniZem waikiTxa

misdami miZRvnili leqsi, romelSic aq-

centi rostom abaSiZezecaa gadatanili.

amitomac aqve gTavazobT.

gamarjveba

mogvenatra warmateba,

mudam CrdilSi raRa gaZlebs,

didebis da saxelisTvis,

vlocavT muxran vaxtangaZes.

asaxela Cveni kuTxe,

gaaxara saqarTvelo,

oqos medliT dagvibrunda

Cempioni sasaxelo!

arwivs marTves ra daulevs,

ero mowyenili nu xar,

kvlavac ase SemarTebiT

gamarjvebiT gevlos muxran!

gaagrZele tradicia,

uZlev rostom abaSiZis,

beWdaudeb falavanis,

risic mudam hqondaT ridi.

Turq aTlis da yaflans vinac,

ar aRirsa yofa mSvidi,

sxvis vrcel tramals mirCevnia

Tqveneb Svilni gvyavdes didi.

kidev erTxl gvinda xazgasmiT avR-

niSnoT im adamianebis fasdaudebeli

Rvawli, mwvane koncxis ganaTlebis ke-

ris aRorZinebisaTvis, rom gaiRes. maT

aq mZime pirobebSi daanTes uqrobi lam-

pari, romelic axlac gizgizebs, ro-

gorc agraruli codnis simbolo. (sam-

wuxarod, jer-jerobiT, rogorc baTu-

mis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo uni-

versitetis departamenti). maT gaiares

grZeli, maraTonuli, momqancavi gza,

romelsac namdvilad SeiZleba vuwo-

doT saxelovani.

rezo jabniZe -

soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa

doqtori, profesori,

baTumis saxelmwifo

sasoflo-sameurneo

institutis yofili reqtori.

Sexvedra rostom abaSiZesTan baTumis

saxelmwifo sasoflo-ssameurneo institutSi

suraTze marcxnidan: msoflios xuTgzis

Cempioni roman rurua, reqtori,

profesori rezo jabniZe,

msoflios samgzis Cempioni rostom abaSiZe,

msoflios orgzis Cempionebi _

guram saRaraZe da daviT gobejiSvili.

sasiqadulo mamuliSvili,

pedagogi da Rirseuli

Svilebis aRmzrdeli

9iiaannvvaarrii

qarTuli inteligenciis Tva-

lsaCino warmomadgenelia xelva-

Cauris municipalitetis feriis

sajaro skolis Rirsebis ordeno-

sani pedagogi, gulmxurvale mamu-

liSvili, sanaqebo geografi, or-

ganizatoruli niWiT gamorCeuli

xelmZRvaneli da moRvawe vaxtang

makaraZe.

baton vaxtangs RvTisgan aqvs

momadlebuli maswavleblis,

sxvebze sixarulis miniWebis niWi

da isic qveynis, adamianebis, ga-

naTlebis, bavSvebis, sikeTis sam-

saxurSi iRvwis da dReniadag

ixarjeba. `RvTiuri naperwkliT”

anTebuli, TxemiT terfamde peda-

gogi da WeSmariti moZRvari

mTlianad Seerwya da Seesisxl-

xorca skolas, ganaTlebis siste-

mas. mis umwiklo pedagogiur

taqts, alRos, gamocdilebas sa-

intereso, Sinaarsian cxovrebasa

da moRvaweobas skolebSi, ganaT-

lebis ganyofilebasa da maswavle-

belTa daxelovnebis institutSi

muSaobis Svidi aTeuli weli amS-

venebs. mTeli misi cxovreba ru-

dunebiTi SromiT, saqmis siyvaru-

liT da sikeTis qmedebiTaa gacis-

krovnebuli.

istoriuli mareTis ulamaze-

si xeobidan, baRiviT gadaSlil

sofel oladauridan daiwyo misi

xatimamuli. organizatoruli ni-

WiT, sazrianobiTa da mizanmimar-

TulobiT gamorCeul moswavles

wera-kiTxvis ucodinarTa salik-

vidacio jgufis maswavlebloba

daavales. xolo SvidklasdamTav-

rebuli Wabuki kavSirgabmulobis

oladauris saagentos gamged da-

niSnes. Cinebulad asrulebda da-

kisrebul movaleobas, Tumca

codnis dauflebis wyurvilma

manmade ar moasvena, sanam xixaZi-

ris saSualo skolaSi ar ganagrZo

swavla. sruli kursi ki baTumis

#9 skolaSi daasrula. imave wli-

dan baTumis SoTa rusTavelis sa-

xelmwifo pedagogiuri institu-

tis geografiis fakultetis

studentia.

codnis taZarma ulamazesi

furclebi Semata Cemi cxovrebis

wignso, _ambobs igi da siyvaru-

liT ixsenebs leqtor-maswavleb-

lebs, romlebmac gadamwyveti ro-

li Seasrules momavali pedago-

gis profesiul daostatebaSi.

1952 wels v. makaraZem warCine-

biT daamTavra instituti da

mSobliur skolaSi geografia-bi-

ologiis maswavleblad daiwyo

muSaoba. maZiebeli, moazrovne, en-

Tuziasti pedagogi saqmis siyva-

ruliT Tavdauzogavad Sromobda

da ixarjeboda, Tavis suls da

guls aqsovda saqmes, romelsac

RvTisgan boZebul bednierebad

miiCnevda.

novatori pedagogi Suaxevis

calke raionad Seqmnis dRidan ga-

dayvanili iqna raionis kinofika-

ciis gamged. xolo 1953 wlidan

Suaxevis saSualo skolas Caudga

saTaveSi. skola male gamoirCa

wesrigiT, moswavleTa sanimuSo

yofaqceviT, maRali akademiuri

moswrebiTa da sanaqebo aRmrz-

del-pedagogebiT. winamZRolobi-

sa da skolis marTvis niWiT ga-

morCeuli xelmZRvaneli 1961

wels ganaTlebis ganyofilebis

gamged daawinaures. am postze ki-

dev ufro mkafiod gamoCnda ba-

ton vaxtangis maRali erudicia,

profesionalizmi, TviTnabadi ni-

Wi, gergilianoba da organizato-

ruli SesaZleblobani, romlebic

Serwymuli iyo did Sromismoyva-

reobasa da saqmis siyvarulTan.

12 wlis ganmavlobaSi saTaveSi ed-

ga v. makaraZe aRniSnul ganyofi-

lebas. igi Zalas da energias ar

iSurebda mis winaSe mdgari amoca-

nebis gadasawyvetad. darsa Tu av-

darSi, wvimasa Tu TovlSi dRenia-

dag skolebSi, pedagogebTan iyo

da maTTan erTad yvelafers ake-

Tebda savaldebulo sayovelTao

saSualo ganaTlebis, dawyebiTi

samxedro swavlebis ganxorcie-

lebis, swavlebis kabinetur sis-

temaze gadasvlis, materia-

lur-teqnikuri bazis ganmt-

kicebis, adgilobrivi inte-

ligenciis zrdisa da momav-

lis Rirseuli moqalaqeebis

aRsazrdelad. gadauWarbeb-

lad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom man

warmatebiT gaarTva Tavi did

erovnul saqmes da amiT didi

amagi dasdo mSobliur rai-

ons. marto 1973-1975 wlebSi

aSenda da eqspluataciaSi Se-

vida sabavSvo baga-baRebis,

dawyebiTi, rvawliani, saSua-

lo skolebisa da saskolo in-

ternatebis 80-mde Senoba.

Tundac is faqti, ra dRis rom

vaxtang makaraZis iniciativi-

Ta da uSualo xelmZRvanelo-

biT Subansa da CiruxSi gaixs-

na moswavleTa banakebi, sadac

rogorc Suaxevis, ise mezobe-

li raionebis asobiT bavSvi

isvenebda da ikaJebda orga-

nizms. xelovani pedagogi

wuxs da guli tkiva imis gamo,

rom kargad dawyebuli saqme

bolo wlebSi miviwyebas mie-

ca. misi survili da mowode-

baa mTa Ciruxi kvlav Cadges

axalgazrdobis fizikuri da

sulieri wrTobis samsaxurSi.

1963wels Suaxevis raionis

xulos raionTan SeerTebis

gamo v. makaraZe gadahyavT olada-

uris saSualo skolis direqto-

rad. 1967 wels ki Suaxevis raionis

aRdgenis Semdeg kvlav ganaTle-

bis ganyofilebas Caudga saTave-

Si. codna-gamocdilebiT dabrZe-

nebulma maZiebelma pedagogma da

xelmZRvanelma didi wvlili Sei-

tana ganaTlebis dargis ganviTa-

rebisa da misi Semdgomi srulyo-

fis saqmeSi. swored Semoqmedebi-

Ti da warmatebuli muSaobis aRia-

reba iyo misi aWaris maswavlebel-

Ta daxelovnebis institutis di-

reqtoris moadgiled dawinaure-

ba. batoni vaxtangi aqac Cveuli

SemarTebiT iRvwoda da dRenia-

dag ixarjeboda imisaTvis raTa

instituti maswavlebelTa pro-

fesiuli daostatebis namdvili

kera gamxdariyo. pararelurad

geografias aswavlida baTumis #6

saSualo skolaSi. xolo amJamad

geografiuli mecnierebis xibls

feriis sajaro skolis moswavle-

ebs aziarebs. Rvawlmosili peda-

gogi kvlav axalgazrduli Semar-

TebiTaa. Svidi aTeuli wlis gan-

mavlobaSi ar yofila SemTxveva

gakveTilis safuZvliani momzade-

bis, saganmanaTleblo resursebis

momaragebis, sainovacio saqmiano-

bis gacnobis gareSe Sesuliyos

klasSi. is ar iviwyebs k. uSenskis

sityvebs: `maswavlebeli manamade

cocxlobs, vidre swavlobs, ro-

gorc ki swavlas Sewyvets masSi

kvdeba maswavlebeli~. amitomac

yovelTvis axali, saintereso, sa-

xaliso masaliT Sedis gakveTil-

ze. Cveuli sidinjiT, mimzidve-

lad, esTetikuri gemovnebiT mra-

valferovani meTodebis momarj-

vebiT atarebs RrmaSinaarsian,

originalur, akademiurad dat-

virTul cocxal da xalisian gak-

veTilebs. wvdeba TiToeuli bavS-

vis sulier samyaros, mis Sinagan

`me~_s . yovel maTganSi amCnevs,

xedavs araCveulebriv unars. ga-

numeoreblobas, unikalobas.

`moswavle WurWeli ar aris pir-

Tamde asavsebi, aramed sanTelia,

romelic unda aanTo~, - ambobs

Rvawlmosili pedagogi, romelic

am suliskveTebiT muxtavs gakve-

Tilis yvela masalas. misTvis gak-

veTilze Sesvla aRsazrdelis

sulSi Sesvlas, sulis Tanaziaro-

bas, masTan humanur TanamSrom-

lobas, fiqrisa da gansjisaTvis

sarbielis Seqmnas niSnavs. amya-

rebs saganTaSoris kavSirs, roca

evropis qveynebs aswavlis mouTx-

robs qarTuli mebrZolebis, par-

tizanebis gmiruli brZolebis Se-

saxeb, riTac itacebs moswavleebs

da erovnuli siamayis grZnobiT

avsebs.

xelovani pedagogi programu-

li masalis mtkiced da safuZvli-

anad dauflebis mizniT gakveTi-

lebis pararelurad unarianad

iyenebs klasgareSe muSaobis mra-

valferovan formebs. iSviaTad

moiZebneba saqarTveloSi pedago-

gi, romelsac iseTi TvalsaCino

warmatebebi hqondes muSaobaSi,

rogric baton vaxtang makaraZes

aqvs. misi moswavleebi yovelTvis

imarjveben olimpiadebsa da Se-

moqmedebiT konferenciebSi . fe-

riis sajaro skolidan misi 14 mos-

wavle saqarTvelos moswavle-

axalgazrdobis sasaxlis direq-

ciam pirveli xarisxis diplomiT

daajildova (aRarafers vambobT

sxva skolebSi muSaobis dros ga-

marjvebul mis moswavleebze).

erT-erTi gamarjvebuli moswav-

le ase exmianeba baton vaxtangs.

`dae icodnen, Cvens saqarTvelos

isev Wirdeba SenisTanebi, SeniT

vamayobT, Cveno gamrzdelo, Sens

qarTvelobas veTayvanebiT~.

advili saTqmelia 14 diplomis

miReba! ra didi, muxlCauxreli,

rudunebiTi Sroma da garjaa ga-

weuli TiToeuli diplomis misa-

Rebad .

aseve mTel Tavis codnas da

energias, Tavis suls da guls aq-

sovs batoni vaxtangi mozardebSi

mSobliuri miwa-wylis siyvaruli-

sa da erovnuli siamayis grZnobis

gaRvivebas. saamisod efeqtianad

iyenebs eqskursiebs. adamiani

ar iqneba srulqmnili, ambobs

amagdari pedagogi, Tu ise ga-

izarda, rom mindvris yvavili

ar mouwyvetia, bunebis wiaRSi

mwvane balaxi ar gauTelia.

amitomacaa, rom yovelwliu-

rad atarebs eqskursiebs. vin

moTvlis Svidi aTeuli wlis

ganmavlobaSi ramden mozards

moatara saqarTvelos mTa-ba-

ri, varZiis sveticxovlis, ge-

laTis, zarzmis, Tmogvis, xer-

Tvisis, nikorwmindis, axali

aTonis, cicxvaTis da sxva

xelTuqmneli qmnilebebis

xibli agrZnobina, siamayis

grZnobiT aavso da zurmux-

tovani mTebisa da lurjkam-

kama cis siyvaruli cxovrebis

did gzaze dausagzla.

v. makaraZe aqtiur sazoga-

doebriv saqmianobas eweva.

didi samamulo omis wlebSi

samxreTi sazRvrebis (aWara-

SavSeTis qedze) gamagrebisa

da frontis dasaxmareblad

gaweuli didi wvlilisaTvis

igi medliT `did samamulo

omSi mamacuri SromisaTvis~

dajildovda.

aRsaniSnavia baton vax-

tangis gansakuTrebuli dam-

saxureba Suaxevis raionis da-

arsebasa (daarsda1952 wels) da

SemdgomSi gauqmebuli raionis

aRdgenaSi. igi erT-erTi pirvel-

Tagania vinc saTaveSi Caudga 1998

wels mareTis xeobaSi wmida gior-

gis saxelobis eklesiis mSeneblo-

bas. wmida taZari grandiozulia

mTel raionSi. amagdari pedagogi

aseve Zal-Rones ar iSurebda da 20

wliani Ziebis Semdeg miakvlia ki-

dec samebis eklesiis XIV-XVss)

nangrevebs. mas didi wvlili mi-

uZRvis aRniSnuli taZris aRdge-

naSi. sagulisxmoa rom 80 wlis

asakSi masTan erTad, mTeli misi

mravalricxovani ojaxi qristia-

nulad moinaTla, daubrunda mama-

papiseul rwmenas.

kidev erTi saintereso Stri-

xi. Rvawlmosili pedagogi daain-

teresa sofel goras (xelvaCau-

ris raioni) norCi moqalaqeebis

bedma. patarebs sofelSi ar hqon-

daT skola. batoni vaxtangis ini-

ciativiTa da ZalisxmeviT goraSi

gaixsna dawyebiTi skola, rome-

lic Semdgom sabazo skolad gada-

keTda.

ase erTgul guSagad udgas

qveynis siyvaruliT gulanTebu-

li mamuliSvili erovnul saqme-

ebs, qveynis saWirboroto sa-

kiTxebs.

saswavlo_aRmzrdelobiTi

muSaobisa da Tanamedrove cxov-

rebiT nakarnaxev sakiTxebze aq-

veynebs publicistur werilebs,

narkvevebs, statiebs. aris 300-ze

meti werilis da naSromis avto-

ri. 2006wels gamoica misi sqelta-

niani wigni `gamonaTlevis gamona-

Teba~, romelic didi interesiT

miiRo mkiTxvelma.

vaxtang makaraZis mamuliSvi-

lur, pedagogiur da sazogadoeb-

riv moRvaweobaze werdnen da we-

ren ara marto misi aRzrdilebi,

aramed cnobili adamianebi, mecni-

erebi, mwerlebi, ganaTlebis dar-

gis muSakebi. magaliTisaTvis Se-

iZleba davasaxeloT aWaris a. r.

ganaTlebis yofili ministrebi

vaxtang wulukiZe, arCil takiZe,

nani gugunava, profesorebi an-

zor diasamiZe, Tamaz futkaraZe,

vladimer da SoTa makaraZeebi...

weren Tu rogori unda iyos WeSma-

riti maswavlebeli, rogor unda

emsaxuros mSobel xalxs da sam-

Soblos, rogor moixados mamu-

liSviluri vali qveynis winaSe.

xangrZlivi uangaro da Tavda-

debuli Sroma jerovnad daufas-

da valmoxdil da Rvawlmosil pe-

dagogs. dajildoebulia Rirse-

bis ordeniT `saxalxo ganaTle-

bis warCinebulis~ samkerde niS-

niT, (orjer), Tormeti medliT

(maT Soris iakob gogebaSvilis

medliT), diplomebiT, sapatio

sigelebiT. miniWebuli aqvs umaR-

lesi kategoriis maswavleblis

wodeba, saqarTvelos preziden-

tisa da zaqaria WiWinaZis premie-

bi. mareTis xeobis winaSe gansa-

kuTrebuli damsaxurebisaTvis

pirvels mieniWa `sapatio mareTe-

lis~ wodeba, aris `sapatio Suaxe-

veli~, iyo sxvadasxva arCeviTi

organos deputati, maswavlebel-

Ta yrilobebis delegati, arCeu-

lia sruliad saqarTvelos Coxo-

sanTa dasis aWaris sadroSos wev-

rad, baTumis pedagogiuri insti-

tutis profesorad, fazisis aka-

demiis namdvil wevrad. axlaxan ki

Suaxevis municipalitetis gamge-

obam, sakrebulom da sazogadoeb-

rivma kavSirma `mareTma~ Rvawl-

mosil pedagogs, xeobis mravali

Taobis aRmrzdelsa da damrige-

bels, publicists, damsaxurebul

saxelmwifo da sazogado moRva-

wes `xeobis moZRvris~ sapatio wo-

deba mianiWa.

didi samagaliTo, stumarT-

moyvare ojaxi Seqmna batonma vax-

tang makaraZem. mis ZirZvel, qar-

Tul keraze samagaliTo Svilebi

da SviliSvilebi aRizardnen.

Tundac is faqti radRirs rom mis

did ojaxSi 20-ze meti umaRles

ganaTlebulia. SvilTaSvilebi,

romlebic amJamad moswavlebi da

studentebi arian kidev ufro

gazrdian am raodenobas.

xvavrieli, baraqiani Semodgo-

ma udgas baton vaxtangs. saqarT-

velos iakob gogebaSvilis peda-

gigTa kavSiris aWaris respubli-

kuri organizaciis, Rvawlmosil

muSakTa pativgebisa da madliere-

bis sazogadoebis, sazogadoebri-

vi kavSiris `mareTis~, feriis sa-

jaro skolisa da sxva organiza-

ciebis mier gamarTul saiubileo

saRamoebze inteligenciis warmo-

madgenlebi, kolegebi, misi aRzr-

dilebi, aWaris umaRles sabWos

Tavmjdomare avTandil beriZe,

aWaris ganatlebis, kulturis da

sportis ministris moadgile la-

do mgalobliSvili, poetebi SoTa

zoiZe da emen daviTaZe, xelvaCau-

ris municipalitetis gamgeobis

kulturis, ganaTlebis, sportisa

da turizmis samsaxuris ufrosi

qeTi devaZe, xelvaCauris munici-

palitetis resurscentris ufro-

si ...... didmaniZe da sxvebi gamsa-

kuTrebulad moefernen da moe-

siyvarulnen Rvawlmosil peda-

gogsa da moZRvars. usurves kvla-

vac didxans iRvawos momavlis

Rirseul moqalaqeTa aRzrdisa

da sayvareli samSoblos sakeTil-

dReod.

akaki zoiZe

vaxtang makaraZe - 90

Svidi aTeuli - aRzrdis samsaxurSi

10 iiaannvvaarrii

gviani Sua saukuneebis xanaSi

saqarTvelos Znelbedoba yvela-

ze metad qveynis samxreT-dasav-

leT raionebs da kerZod, aWaras

daatyda Tavs. politikurad da-

sustebulma da danawevrebulma

saqarTvelom ver SeZlo sxvadasx-

va mxridan moZalebuli dampyrob-

lis mogerieba. samxreT-dasavleT

saqarTvelos mniSvnelovani nawi-

li da maT Soris aWarac osmalTa

batonobis uRelqveS moeqca.TurqTa batonobis qveS mox-

vedrili qarTveli mosaxleoba

mudam ganagrZobda mCagvrelTa

winaaRmdeg brZolas. Turqebma

ver SeZles, ramdenadac ar ecad-

nen aRmoefxvraT maT mier mowyve-

tili samxreTis raionebis orga-

nuli kavSiri saqarTvelosTan.qarTveli politikosebis ara-

erTi Taobis daJinebuli da Tav-

ganwiruli cda, gaeTavisuflebi-

naT mtrisagan mitacebuli miwa-wyali, warmatebiT ver dasrulda.XIX saukunis dasawyisSi ki

qarTl-kaxeTisa da imereTis same-

foebi moeqca meore didi dampy-

roblis, ruseTis imperiis Semad-

genlobaSi.aWaris, kerZod baTumis Seer-

Teba ruseTis amierkavkasiaSi dam-

kvidrebis Semdgomdroindeli sa-

gareo politikis ganuyofel na-

wilad iqca. 1806-1812 wlebis ru-

seT-osmaleTis omis dawyebamde,osmaleTis sazRvrebSi moqceuli

Savi zRvis gamagrebuli punqtebi-

sa da navsadgurebis, kerZod ki ba-

Tumis daWera, erT-erT ZiriTad

amocanad iyo gaTvaliswinebuli.1806 wels ruseTis sagareo saqme-

Ta ministri general gudoviCs

werda: `...foTi, baTumi, gonio -yvela es dasaxlebuli punqti

ZvelTaganve ekuTvnoda saqarTve-

los samefos. maSasadame, ar SeiZ-

leba ar visurvoT ruseTis saxel-

mwifoSi yvela am adgilis gaerTi-

aneba, rom amiT uzrunvelvyoT

ruseTis batonoba saqarTvelo-

Si~. am omis Sedegad rogorc axal-

cixis safaSos, ise aWaris diplo-

matiuri Tu samxedro RonisZiebe-

biT SeerTebis mcdeloba marcxiT

damTavrda. baTumis SeerTebis

ganzraxva ZalaSi rCeboda 1828-1829 wlebis ruseT-osmaleTis

omis drosac, Tumca uSedegod.

aWarasa da baTums ruseTis

samxedro gegmebSi mniSvnelovani

adgili eWira yirimis omis peri-

odSic. ruseTma ~yirimis omSi ba-

Tumis SeerTeba praqtikul amo-

canad daisaxa~. 1854 wlis maisSi

kovalevskis razmi zemo aWaraSi

SeiWra da daikava soflebi bako,Txilvana~. magram am Setevas seri-

ozuli warmateba ar mohyva e.i.aWarisa da baTumis sakiTxi ruse-

TisaTvis kvlav gadauWreli dar-

Ca.XIX saukunis 60-70- ian wlebSi

ruseTis sagareo politikis Ziri-

Tad mizans yirimis omis Sedegad

Selaxuli saerTaSoriso avtori-

tetis aRdgena warmoadgenda. am-

denad, ruseTis sagareo politi-

kaSi ZiriTadi kvlav ~aRmosavle-

Tis sakiTxi~ iyo.1875 wels balkaneTis naxevar-

kunZulze osmalTa winaaRmdeg

slavi xalxebis ajanyeba daiwyo.ruseTi, romelic tradiciulad

balkaneTis slavTa mfarvelis

rolSi gamodioda, mouwodebda

osmaleTis xelisuflebas Seewy-

vita qristiani mosaxleobis dar-

beva da ganexorcielebina refor-

mebi. osmaleTma yurad ar iRo es

moTxovna. ruseTis mxridan Semd-

gomi yoymani balkaneTis xalxebSi

mis prestiJs dascemda. 1877 wlis

12 (24) aprils imperatorma aleq-

sandre 11 kiSiniovSi xeli moawera

manifests osmaleTTan omis

dawyebis Sesaxeb. ruseTi am omSi

warmatebis SemTxvevaSi gegmavda

yirimis omis Sedegad dakarguli

samxreT besarabiis dabrunebas da

baTumis SeerTebas.

qarTveli sazogadoebrioba

sixaruliT Sexvda osmaleTTan

omis dawyebas, vinaidan miiCnevda,rom ~mas Sedegad mohyveboda samx-

reT-dasavleT saqarTvelos Tur-

qTa batonobisagan ganTavisuf-

leba~. mtrisagan mitacebuli mi-

wa-wylis dabrunebisaTvis swraf-

va qarTveli ers arasodes ganele-

bia. XIX saukunis 60-70-ian wlebSi

balkaneTis problemis gamwvave-

bam ruseT-TurqeTis morigi omi

gardauvali gaxada. qarTuli pre-

sa, kerZod ki ~iveria~ da ~droeba~

gansakuTrebuli yuradRebiT mi-

moixilavda balkaneTis sakiTxis

irgvliv Seqmnil viTarebas, mis-

dami evropis didi saxelwifoebis

damokidebulebas. ~droeba~ 1877wlis 12 ianvars mowinaveSi ~omis

saqme~ werda:~osmaleTi arc erT

im winadadebaze ar daTanxmebu-

la... konferencia daTxovnilia...evropam Tavisi movaleoba aasru-

la, undoda omi aecilebina Tavi-

dan, undoda osmalosa da ruseTs

Soris Setakeba ar momxdariyo,undoda da am hazriT stambulis

konferencia Seikriba, magram... ve-

ra gaawyo ra...ruseT-osmaleTs Soris omis

dawyebis SemTxvevaSi kavkasia sao-

mari moqmedebebis asparezad iq-

ceoda. ra moeloda am SemTxvevaSi

saqarTvelos? saerTod rogori

unda yofiliyo qarTvelTa damo-

kidebuleba mosalodneli omi-

sadmi? am kiTxvebze pasuxs iZleva

gazeT ~droebaSi~ dabeWdili n. ni-

kolaZis werili ~saqarTvelo-omi

Tu iqna~:~aRmosavleTis omi Tu

atyda, brZola marto ruseTsa da

osmaleTs Sua ki ar dabolovdeba.marto erT SemTxvevaSi SesaZle-

belia amgvari ~omis SemosazRvra~.Tu brZola gaWianurda maSin ki

osmaleTis evropuli momxreebi

misTvis aucileblad Tavs gamoi-

deben da brZola mTels evropas

moedeba... Cvens qveyanas didi

strategiuli da politikuri

mniSvneloba moelis aRmosavle-

Tis omSi... movlenaTa Semdgomma

msvlelobam daadastura n.niko-

laZis werilSi mocemuli anali-

zis utyuaroba.Tu rogori pozicia unda dae-

Wira qarTvelobas mosalodneli

saomari moqmedebis dros, n.niko-

laZe amasTan dakavSirebiT wer-

da:~nu daviviwyebT, rom Cveni

qveynis saxeli, sikeTe da momava-

li Cvens sakuTars saqcielzea da-

mokidebuli. nu SevircxvenT

dRemde pativcemul saxels,... nu

davimalviT soroSi. Cveni gonie-

ri, wesieri da patiosani saqcieli

maRla aswevs saqarTvelos saxels

da mtersa da moyvares daanaxvebs,rom Cveni xalxi siyvarulis, pati-

viscemis, moridebis da keTil-

dReobis Rirsia~.ruseTis mier osmaleTisadmi

omis gamocxadebis faqts da qarT-

velTa aseTi ganwyobilebis mi-

zezs kargad xsnis p.umikaSvili

werilSi ~osmalos saqarTvelo~:~oRond movides kvlav is bednie-

ri dRe, rom Cven erTmaneTs kvlav

SevuerTdeT, erTmaneTi viZmoT

da Cvenda sasiqadulod, kvlav da-

umtkicebs qveyanas, rom igi ar er-

Cis adamianis sinidiss da didi

xnis ganSorebuls Zmas Zmuradve

miiyrdens, TvalSi sixarulis

cremlmoreuli qarTveli da Tu

amisaTvis saWiroa, rom sixarulis

cremls uwinares jer Cveni sisx-

li daiRvaros, nuTu qarTveli

ukudrkeba da Tavs ar Seswiravs

mas, risTvisac oriaTasi weliwadi

Tavi uwiravT CvenTa didebulTa

mama-papaTa~

saomari moqmedebebi erTdro-

ulad or frontze – balkaneTsa

da kavkasiaSi gaCaRda. orTave

fronts mefis Zmebi xelmZRvane-

lobdnen – dunais armias sard-

lobda didi mTvari nikoloz ni-

kolozis Ze, xolo kavkasiis armi-

as mefisnacvali didi mTavari mi-

xeil nikolozis Ze

saomari moqmedebebis msvle-

lobisas arsebiTi mSinvneloba

hqonda osmalTa mier dapyrobil

teritoriebze mcxovrebi mahma-

diani qarTvelebis pozicias, miT

ufro mxardaWeras. Serif-beg xim-

SiaSvili ivane kereseliZesTan sa-

ubarSi acxadebda:~RmerTma qnas,rom male daiwyos omi, me mzad var,rom maSinve Cemi qveyana qarTvelT

Svilebs SevuerTo da rogorc ad-

re yofila saqarTvelo, dReis

Semdegac ise gaxdes~ . ruseTis ca-

rizmi did imeds amyarebda qarT-

vel molaSqreebze, romelTac re-

gularuli armiis gverdiT unda

ebrZolaT. sul omis dros 30 aTa-

si qarTveli moxalise iyo mobi-

lizebuli~. ruseTis xelisufle-

ba cdilobda adgilobrivTa ke-

Tilganwyobis mopovebas. kavkasi-

is mefinacvali, didi mTavari mi-

xeili, romelic imavdroulad

kavkasiaSi moqmedi jarebis mTa-

varsardalic iyo, ase mimarTavda

aWarisa da qobuleTis mosaxleo-

bas:aWarisa da qobuleTis mcxov-

rebno!sruliad ruseTis xelmwife

imperatorma ineba da jari Cven-

dami mondobilis kavkasiis mxed-

robisa modis Tqvens qveyanaSi...nu geSinisT! yovels Tqven-

gans, romelic mtrad ar mogveq-

ceva, Cven miviRebT da mis colS-

vilsa, ojaxsa da qonebas Cven Tvi-

Ton mfarvelad veyolebiT. rusis

jaris yofnam Tqvens qveyanaSi un-

da gvaSoros erTmaneTis mtroba-siZulvili da guliT SegvaTvisos

da dagvaaxlovos Cven TqvenTan.hoi, Zeno keTilSobilis qarTve-

lis tomisano, Zmano yovelTvis

erTgulTa da sayvarelTa qveSev-

rdomTa rusis imperatorisaTa~.samuslimano saqarTvelos mosax-

leobas jer kidev ar daekarga

erovnuli cnobiereba. swored

amis Sedegi iyo, rom ~ruseT-osma-

leTis (1877-1878 w.w.) omis dros

aWara mtkiced dadga ganmaTavi-

suflebeli armiis mxareze~.saerTod qarTveloba am omSi

arnaxul enTuziamzs avlenda.gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobdnen

guriis mcxovrebni. ~gurulebi

Zalian mxneobasa da SesamCnev

survils brZolaSi monawileobi-

sas iCendnen. amas winaT ramdenime

12-16 wlis ymawvilebi movidnen

Turme jaris ufrosTan da iTxo-

ves, rom saca Cveni mamebi da Zmebi

arian, Cvenc iq unda viyveTo. To-

fi mogveciT da jarSi Cagvayene-

To~ .ozurgeTidan baTumis mimar-

TulebiT Setevaze gadasul ozur-

geTis razms general-leitenanti

oklobJio meTaurobda. mas mogvi-

anebiT qobuleTis razmi ewoda.brZolam TandaTan gaWianurebuli

xasiaTi miiRo. rTul reliefs Tan

erTvoda uamindoba. kavkasiis

frontis mTavarsardloba ver iT-

menda baTumis mimarTulebiT Seqm-

nil viTarebas da mdgomareobis

gamosworebis mizniT gadawyda,rom baTumisaken Setevaze qobule-

Tisa da arTvinis razmebi erTdro-

ulad gadasuliyvnen. orive raz-

mis meTaurad generali konstan-

tine komarovi dainiSna. masve dae-

vala saswrafod daewyo Seteva ci-

xisZiris mimarTulebiT. seriozu-

li msxverplis miuxedavad 1878wlis 18 ianvris Setevas Sedegi ar

mohyolia. baTumi jer kidev os-

malTa xelSi rCeboda. maSin roca,ruseTs baTumisadmi, rogorc

brwyinvale navsadgurisa da mniSv-

nelovani strategiuli punqti-

sadmi gansakuTrebuli interesi

gaaCnda. am ganwyobilebas kargad

gamoxatavda ~droeba~ mowinave-

Si:~baTumis dapyroba marto imi-

tom ki ar aris CvenTvis saWiro,rom es Cinebuli navsadguri CvenT-

vis davinarCunoT, aramed imisaT-

visac, rom Semdeg rionis mxares

aqedam arasodes araviTari SiSi

aRar hqondes~. miuxedavad aseTi

gegmisa da arerTgzis Setevisa,ruseTis jarma cixisZiris gada-

laxva da baTumis ganTavisufleba

omis msvlelobaSi ver SeZlo.19(31) ianvars adrianopolSi

mxareebma xeli moaweres omis Sewy-

vetisa da momavali sazavo xelSek-

rulebebis safuZvlebze SeTanxme-

bas~ . 1878 wlis TebervalSi san-stefanoSi daiwyo sazavo xelSek-

rulebaze molaparakeba. ruseTis

mxares warmoadgenda n.ignatievi

da p.nelidovi, xolo osmalTa mxa-

res safvet-faSa da sadulah-faSa.osmaleTis diplomatebi cdilob-

dnen gaeWianurebinaT molaparake-

bebis procesi, radgan imedovnebd-

nen winaswari SeTanxmebis pirobe-

bis gadasinjvas evropis qveynebis

(gansakuTrebiT inglisis) mxarda-

WeriT. Tavis mxriv rusuli dip-

lomatiac xvdeboda, rom xelSek-

rulebis gaformeba aiZulebda ev-

ropas ecno misi pirobebi. ramde-

nime dRis daZabuli dapirispire-

bis Semdeg, 1878 wlis 19 Tebervals

(3 marts) gaformda sazavo xelSek-

ruleba, romlis pirobebi savse-

biT Seesabameboda gamarjvebuli

ruseTis interesebs.san-stefanos sazavo pirobe-

biT balkaneTis naxevarkunZulze

viTareba ruseTis moTxovnebis

Sesabamisad wydeboda – serbia,Cernogoria da rumineTi damouki-

deblobas Rebulobda. bulga-

reTs eniWeboda samTavros sta-

tusi (damoukidebeli mTavrobiT)

osmaleTis mfarvelobaSi.omis Sedegad miRebuli zara-

lisaTvis ruseTma moiTxova da

brwyinvale porta valdebulebas

Rebulobda gadaexada:a) 900 milioni maneTi samxedro

xarjebisaTvis (armiis Senaxvis,sursaTis, samxedro dakveTebis

xarjze)

1877-1878 wlebis ruseT-

TurqeTis omi da baTumi

ruseT-TurqeTis omi. (1877-1878 w.w.)

guruli gamyolebi (Cavladrebi)

11iiaannvvaarrii

b) 400 milioni maneTi ruseTis samxreT-

ze miyenebuli zaralisaTvis (vaWrobaze,

mrewvelobisa da rkinigzaze miyenebuli

zianisaTvis)

g) 100 milioni maneTi kavkasiaSi SeWris

dros miyenebuli zaralisaTvis

d) 10 milioni maneTi TurqeTSi ruseTis

qveSevrdomebisa da rusul dawesebulebeb-

ze miyenebuli zianisaTvis.sul aTas oTxas aTi milioni maneTi .iTvaliswinebda ra osmaleTis mZime fi-

nansur mdgomareobas da sulTnis survils,imperatori daTanxmda gadasaxdeli Tanxis

didi nawilis sanacvlod mieRo terito-

riuli daTmobebi. osmaleTi gadasaxdeli

Tanxis 2/3 sanacvlod uTmobda ruseTs sam-

xreT besarabias, xolo kavkasiaSi yarss, ar-

dagans baiazeTsa da baTums . aRniSnuli

teritoriebi eZleoda ruseTs aTas asi mi-

lioni maneTis sanacvlod.san-stefanos sazavo xelSekrulebis 21-

e statiiT ruseTisaTvis gadacemuli teri-

toriebis mosaxleobas, romelTac survi-

li eqneboda gadasaxlebis, SeeZloT gaeyi-

daT Tavisi uZravi qoneba xelSekrulebis

ratifikaciidan 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi.san-stefanos sazavo pirobebi ruseTis

seriozul warmatebebs akanonebda rogorc

balkaneTSi, ise kavkasiaSi... rac miuRebeli

iyo evropis saxelmwifoebisaTvis, gansa-

kuTrebiT inglisisaTvis. mas mxars uWerd-

nen avstria-ungreTi da safrangeTi. evro-

pis saxelmwifoTa ukmayofileba mxolod

protestiT ar Semoifargleboda, maT omi-

saTvis daiwyes mzadeba. premier-ministr

bikonsfildis (dizraelis) Suamdgom-

lobiT dedofalma viqtoriam 1878 wlis

martis bolos TadarigSi myofTa mobili-

zacia gamoacxada. inglisis gemebi darda-

nelisaken daiZrnen. ruseTi axali didi

omis safrTxis winaSe aRmoCnda – amitom

daTanxmda san-stefanos sazavo pirobebis

gadasinjvas evropis saxelmwifoTa kong-

resze. ruseTis xelisuflebam Tavis elCs

inglisSi graf Suvalovs daavala daezus-

tebina Tu ra daTmobebs moiTxovda ingli-

si ruseTisagan. 1878 wlis 18 (30) maiss lon-

donSi Suvalovma da solsberim xeli moawe-

res inglis-ruseTis SeTanxmebas san-stefa-

nos xelSekrulebis cvlilebebis Taoba-

ze.~es SeTanxmeba gansazRvravda ruseTis

daTmobebs, romelTa mniSvnelovani nawili

amierkavkasiaze modioda. TurqeTs ubrun-

deboda alaSkertis veli, arzrumi da baia-

zeTi, magram inglisi am warmatebas ar das-

jerdeboda da 4 ivniss osmaleTTan gafor-

mebuli xelSekrulebiT valdebulebas Re-

bulobda saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi samxedro

ZaliT daxmareboda mas.aseT viTarebaSi, 1878 wlis 1 (13) ivniss

berlinSi gaixsna evropis saxelmwifoTa

kongresi, romelsac unda gadaesinja san-stefanos zavis pirobebi. eswrebodnen ru-

seTis, TurqeTis, inglisis, germaniis, avs-

tria-ungreTis, safrangeTisa da italiis

delegaciebi. kongresis msvlelobisas ga-

moirkva, rom ruseTi faqtiurad saerTaSo-

riso izolaciaSi moeqca da iZulebuli

gaxda seriozul daTmobebze wasuliyo. ga-

sakuTrebiT seriozuli winaaRmdegoba

warmoiSva baTumis sakiTxis gamo. ingliss

ar surda aseTi mniSvnelovani strategiu-

li da ekonomikuri centri ruseTs gadas-

cemoda. sabolood baTumi ruseTs gadaeca

porto-frankos Tavisufali savaWro nav-

sadguris statusiT. inglisi delegacia

daTanxmda baTumis porto-frankod ga-

mocxadebas im mizniT, rom momavalSi qala-

qi ruseTis winaaRmdeg samxedro da ekono-

mikuri SetevisaTvis gamoeyenebina .magram baTumi jer kidev osmalTa xelSi

rCeboda. baTumis gadacemis sakiTxis sabo-

lood SesaTanxmeblad Sedga ruseT-osma-

leTis erToblivi komisia. ruseTis dele-

gacias xelmZRvanelobda

kavkasiis mTavarsardlis

TanaSemwe general adiutan-

ti Tavadi sviatopolk-mirs-

ki. SemadgenlobaSi iyvnen:general maiori Tavadi tru-

beckoi, kavkasiis mefisnacv-

lis savele kancelariis uf-

rosi polkovniki Tavadi

grigol daviTis Ze gurieli

da ruseTis yofili konsuli

baTumSi judiCi. osmaleTis

mxridan komisiis muSaobaSi

monawileobdnen: varnis yo-

fili komendanti nead-faSa,ali-bei da suleiman-bei da

ramdenime diplomati. Sere-

uli komisiis sxdoma gaimar-

Ta qalaq quTaisSi 12-20 ag-

vistos. osmaleTis mxare

kisrulobda baTumidan ja-

rebi gaeyvana 25 agvistosaT-

vis. SeTanxmebis mixedviT

ruseTs unda daekavebina Cu-

ruq-su, sameba da kvirike – 17agvistos, cixisZiri 21 ag-

vistos, Caqvi – 24 agvistos. ruseTs unda

gadascemoda saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa

dokumentebi da arqivebi. miuxedavad Se-

Tanxmebisa osmalebma gaitaces isini. 19 ag-

vistos ruseTis jarebma daikaves qobule-

Ti, (Curuq-su) . 25 agvistos 11 saaTze rusTa

da qarTvelTa jari baTumSi Sevida. imave

dRes rusTa meore korpusi treiteris me-

TaurobiT Sevida xuloSi, furtioSi, Wva-

naSi da daiZra baTumisaken sviatopolk-mirskis jarebTan SesaerTeblad. TurqTa

ukanaskneli nawilebi devriS faSas sard-

lobiT baTums tovebda. kavkasiis mefis-

nacvalma didma mTavarma mixeil nikolo-

zis Zem imperator aleqsandre 11-s depeSiT

miuloca:~Èìåþ ñ÷àñòüå ïîçäðàâèòü âàøåèìïåðàòîðñêîå âåëè÷åñòâî ñ çàíÿòèåì Áàòóìà~ .

baTumis mSvidobianad ganTavisufle-

bas ase exmaureboda ~iveria~: ~ai, baTumic

daucala osmalebma ruseTs da madloba

RmerTs araviTari vaivaglaxi da sisxlis

Rvra ar mohyva am garemoebas... dro aris

damSviddes da cota mainc dalagdes cxov-

reba. mSvidobianobas, namdvil mSvidobia-

nobas TandaTan fexi Semoaqvs Cvens cxov-

rebaSi da unda vinatroT, rom didi xniT

mainc gvewvios, Tu ara samudamod~ .aWaris gaTavisuflebas da deda samSob-

losTan dabrunebas aRtacebiT miesalmeba

qarTveli mowinave inteligencia. i.WavWa-

vaZe werda:~berlinis xelSekrulebam Cven

erTi didi sikeTe SegvZina... Cveni Zmebi,Cveni sisxlxorci, CvenTan erTad mebrZol-

ni Savi bedisa, Cveni gmirebis bude, Cveni

Zveli saqarTvelo, Cveni ganaTlebisa da

swavlebis akvani, dRes Cven SemogvierTda~.i.WavWavaZisa da s.mesxis TaosnobiT

mTel saqarTveloSi daiwyo SewirulobaTa

Segroveba omis mZime SedegebiT gawamebu-

li, axladSemoerTebuli mxaris mosaxleo-

bis daxmarebisaTvis. qarTveli inteligen-

ciis gulisxmieri damokidebulebis gamo-

xatuleba iyo 1878 wlis noemberSi Tbilis-

Si samuslimano saqarTvelos delegaciis

gulTbili miReba. mowinave inteligenciam

aWarelTa Soris imTaviTve aqtiuri kul-

turuli saqmianoba gaaCaRa, rasac uaRre-

sad didi mniSvneloba hqonda samuslimano

saqarTvelos mkvidrTa erovnuli cnobie-

rebis aRdgenis saqmeSi.jemal karaliZe,


adamianis nebismieri saqmianoba Semosav-

lis mopovebasTan aris dakavSirebuli, rac

yvelaze kargad mewarmeobaSi, komerciul

saqmianobaSi CarTulobaSi gamoixateba. aseT

SemTxvevaSi intensiurad iwyebs moqmedebas

adamianis yvela fsiqikuri SesaZleblobebi

da SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom komerciul saqmia-

nobaSi CarTuli adamiani TandaTanobiT uax-

lovdeba srulyofili mewarmis etalons.

namdvil saqmian pirovnebaSi harmoniulad

Tavs iyris gonebrivi potencialis yvela pa-

rametri. amitom qvemoT moyvanili testi Se-

saZleblobas gvaZlevs ganvsazRvroT, Tu

ramdenad mzad varT mewarmeobisaTvis, ko-

merciuli saqmianobisaTvis, ra gvWirdeba

win nabijis gadasadgmelad.

gaeciT pasuxi Semdeg kiTxvebs da Semoxa-

zeT TqvenTvis Sesaferisi pasuxi.

1. rogor varaudobT gamdidrebas axlo

momavalSi?

a) karieris gakeTebiT, xelmZRvanel sa-

fexurze zemoT asvliT;

b) fulis saqmeSi CadebiT, gariskviT;

g) latareaSi bedis cdiT.

2. rom gqondeT SesaZlebloba gamoxvi-

deT msaxiobis rolSi, vis rols iTamaSeb-

diT yvelaze ukeT?

a) ostap benderis;

b) „ana karenina“–dan levinis rols;

g) Stirlicis rols kinofilmidan „ga-

zafxulis Cvidmeti gaelveba“.

3. warmoidgineT, rom milioni gamoimu-

SaveT. ras gaakeTebT Semdgom?

a) fuls bankSi Sevinaxav da procentebs

davelodebi anabrebisgan;

gavriskav momgebian saqmeSi dabandebas;

g) fulis nawils axal saqmeSi davabandeb,

nawils ki–solidur bankSi saimedoobisTvis.

4. Tqveni azriT, ras mogitanT fuli?

a) Zalauflebas;

b) cxovrebaSi siamovnebas;

g) bevr axal sazrunavs da Surs.

5. Tu gamdidrdebiT, gaqvT survili

amis Sesaxeb gazeTebSi daweron?

a) ara;

b) diax;

g. Cemze xandaxan isedac weren.

6. profesiebis am sami jgufidan rome-

li SegesabamebaT yvelaze metad?

a) mwerali, mxatvari, kompozitori;

b) advokati, eqimi, politikosi;

g) firmis, institutis xelmZRvaneli, ga-

momcemlobis direqtori.

7. Tqveni firmis Seqmnisas, samuSaoze

miiRebT pirebs, romlebic adre Tqveni me-

gobrebi iyvnen?

a) diax;

b) ara;

g) am kiTxvaze safuZvlianad unda dav-

fiqrde.

8. warmoidgineT, rom milioni gamoimu-

SaveT. rogor moiqceviT?

a) Cems cxovrebaSi Seicvleba mxolod bi-

na, manqana, aveji da sxva garemo;

b) Tavs meti mogzaurobis uflebas miv-

cem;

g) kardinalurad Sevcvli cxovrebis

wess.

9. warmoidgineT, rom firmis direqto-

ri xarT. riTi daiwyebT saqmianobas?

a) im adamianebis SeswavliT, romlebTa-

nac momiwevs muSaoba;

b) ganvsazRvrav firmis muSaobis ZiriTad

mimarTulebebs;

g) Sevecdebi saimedo daxmarebis povnas.

10. romeli Sexeduleba migaCniaT ufro

mimzidvelad, Tu darwmundebiT da firmis

direqtori gaxdebiT?

a) Cems muSaobaSi Semcirda profesi-

ul–teqnikuri Cvevebis mniSvneloba da gai-

zarda konceptualuri codnis roli;

b) rac ufro maRalia marTvis rangi, miT

ufro mniSvnelovania komunikaciuri unare-

bi da SesaZleblobebi profesiul–teqni-

kurTan SedarebiT;

g) Tanabrad Seicvala moTxovnebi yvela

Tvisebis mimarT.

11. Tqvens firmaSi erT–erT brigadaSi

konfliqturi situaciaa, rogori iqneba

Tqveni, rogorc firmis direqtoris moqme-

debebi?

a) saWiroa movismino orive mxaris azri

da davarwmuno isini ipovon kompromisuli

gadawyvetileba;

b) saWiroa yvelas azris mosmena, magram

konfliqtis saboloo gadawyveta mivandoT

brigadas;

g) gavakeToT yvelaferi, raTa mcire kon-

fliqti ar gaRvivdes, did konfliqtSi ar

gadaizardos.

12. ramdenad Zlier ganicdiT didi fu-

lis qonis moTxovnilebas?

a) mudmivad;

b) periodulad;

g) ufro ara.

13. milioni rom gqondeT da mogeceT

SesaZlebloba dadoT axali garigeba, ro-

mels airCevdiT? imas, romlis mogebac iq-

neba:

a) meoTxedi milioni;

b) naxevari milioni;

g) milioni.

Semdeg calke furcelze unda CaweroT

kiTxvebis nomrebi da arCeuli pasuxis va-

riantebi. amis Semdeg SegiZliaT daTva-

loT qulebis jami.

qulebi Semdegnairad

fasdeba:

kiTxva pasuxi

1 -------------- a) 6; b) 3; g) 0.

2 -------------- a) 3; b) 0; g) 6.

3 -------------- a) 0; b) 6; g)3.

4 -------------- a) 6; b) 0; g) 3.

5 -------------- a) 0; b) 3; g) 6.

6 -------------- a) 0; b) 3; g) 6.

7 -------------- a) 0; b) 3; g) 6.

8 -------------- a) 6; b) 3; g) 0.

9 -------------- a) 3; b) 6; g) 0.

10 -------------- a) 6; b) 0; g) 3.

11 -------------- a) 3; b) 6; g) 0.

12 -------------- a) 6; b) 3; g) 0.

13 -------------- a) 0; b) 6; g) 3.

Semdeg SeajameT qulebi da 9-quliani

skalis mixedviT gansazRvreT Tqveni unare-

bis done komerciul saqmianobaSi riskis mi-

marT.

Zalian dabali done (0–dan 11 qulam-

de).

dabali done (12–dan 19 qulamde).

saSualoze Zalian dabali (20–dan 27

qulamde).

saSualoze odnav dabali (28–dan 35 qu-

lamde).

saSualoze (36–dan 43 qulamde)

saSualoze odnav maRali (44–dan 51 qu-

lamde).

saSualoze maRali (52–dan 59 qulamde).

maRali done (60–dan 67 qulamde).

Zalian maRali done (68–dan 78 qulam-

de).

Sedegebis interpretacia.

Tu gansazRvreT, rom gaqvT riskis unari

komerciul saqmianobaSi da is 1–3 doneebis

farglebSia TqvenTvis gamdidrebis sauke-

Teso xerxia mtkiced muSaoba menejeris,

xelmZRvanelis karierisTvis Tavis aride-

biT.

Tu is me–4–me–6 doneebzea, Tqven gaqvT

gamdidrebis Sansi, magram aucileblad unda

ganaviTaroT TqvenSi komersantis SesaZleb-

lobebi.

Tu me–7–me–8 doneebze xarT, Tqven

gaqvT menejeris profesiis dauflebis Sansi.

Tu daagroveT 68–dan 78 qulamde anu

xarT me–9 doneze, realuri Sansi gaqvT gax-

deT milioneri, Tu ukve ar xarT!

t e s t i d a m w y e b i m e w a r m i s T v i s

12 iiaannvvaarrii

C M Y K

daumZimda kacTa naTesavsa Zveli rjuli, Zveli

aRTqma, Seerya saZirkveli kacTa cxovrebasa, ro-

melsac qvakuTxedad edva Zvelis aRTqmis moZRvre-

ba: „Tvali Tvalisa wil, kbili kbilisa wil“. sxva

madlis mwyurvalma sulma kacisam igrZno, rom am

moZRvrebis safarqveS veRar idgomileba didxans, -

da Zveli qveyana iryeva, irRveva, midis da ifuSeba.

igrZno, rom igi RmerTi msjavrisa da Surisgebisa,

RmerTi wyromisa da risxvisa amasTanave kacTmoyva-

re, madlis momfeni, yovlad mowyale da yovelTa

Semwynarebeli RmerTic unda iyos.

am qveynis ryevasa da rRvevaSi jer kargad ver-

gamorkveuli sasoeba adamianisa, hxedavs-ra Zvels

deda-boZs sulis safarisas warsaqcevad gamzade-

buls, hkvnesis da hRaRadebs zegardamo STagone-

bulT kacTa bagiTa. ryevisa da rRvevisagan Tavis

budidam amomfrTxali guli adamianis uTvistomod,

ubinaod hrCeba. guli SeSinebuli, eldacemuli eZi-

ebs axal sadgurs, axals binas, rom amovides axali

varskvlavi, axali alioni, romelmac unda gza aCve-

nos da gaagebinos Zvelis qveynis ryevisagan atexils

mtver-buqsa da bind-bundSi. erTxel wairRvna qve-

yana, exla-ki unda daxsnil iqmnas da ai, am mxsnels

elis xsnis mwyurvale suli.

„Sen, beTlem, qveyana ege iudasi! - hRaRadebs ze-

gardamo STagonebuli wanaswarmetyveli: - ara sada

umrwemes xar mTavarTa Soris iudasTa, rameTu Sen-

gan gamovides winamZRvari, romelman damwysos erTi

Cemi, israeli!“

adamiani raRac lodinSia, garRveul ufskru-

lis winaSe mdgomare, sasos ar ikveTs, rom mova

macxovari da Tavis yovlad-mxsnels xelsa momawv-

diso, sasoebiT aRsavseni, suliT gandidebulni da

aRfTovanebulni winaswarmetyvelni winaT-hgrZno-

ben ama mosvlasa da viTa maxarobelni nugeSs scemen

gulwasuls adamians, movao, oRond Sen „ganmzadne

gzani misnio“.

„aha esera me warvavlino angelosi Cemi winaSe

pirsa Sensa, romelman ganmzadnes gzani Senni winaSe

Sensao, - hRaRadebs srulis rwmenis RaRadiTa winas-

war-grZnobiT aRtacebuli isaia winaswarmetyveli:

- ganmzadeniT gzani uflisani da wrfelhyveniT

alagni misni“.

da aha ama „gzaTa ganmzadebad da wrfel-yofad

alaTa misTa“ moevlina qveyanas ioane winamorbedi

„mRaRadebeli udabnosa Sina“. gulSeryeuls da nu-

geSis mwyurvals qveyanas hgonia, rom ai es aris igi,

vinc ase Zlier swyurian Cvens oblad STenil sulsa

da visac aseTis sasoebiT movelodebiTo. arao, eub-

neba winamorbedi ioane:

„esera movals uZlieresi Cemsa Semdgomad Cemsa,

romlisa ver Rirs var ganxsnad xamlTa misTasa. me

naTel-gceT Tqven wyliTa, xolo man naTel-gceT

Tqven suliTa wmidiTa“.

iSva qriste, iSva igi, romelman naTel-sca qveya-

nas suliTa wmidiTa, iSva igi dedisagan, romel kur-

Txeul ars dedaTa Soris. iSva igi, romelic, ro-

gorc ioane maxarobeli ambobs, - „daemkvidra Cven

Soris da vixileT dideba misi, dideba viTarca mxo-

lodSobilisa mamisa mier, savse madliTa da WeSma-

ritebiTa... rameTu rjuli mosesagan moeca, xolo

madli da WeSmariteba iesos mier iqmna... rameTu ara

moavlina RmerTman Ze Tvisi soflad, raTa dasajos

sofeli, aramed raTa acxovnos sofeli mis mier“. iS-

va igi, romlis gamo sTqva ioane winamorbedmave:

„aha tarigi RvTisa, romelman aRixvnes codvani

soflisani! ese ars, romelisaTvis igi vsTqu: Semd-

gomad Cemsa movals kaci, romelic pirvel Cemsa iyo,

rameTu upirates Cemsa ars“.

„nu geSinin, - axarebs qveyanas angelozi: - nu ge-

Sinin, rameTu aha iSva dRes Tqvenda macxovari... da

ese iyo Tqvenda saswaulad: hpovoT yrma igi, Sexveu-

li da mwolare bagasa“.

ra didebuli saxea, ra didebuli xatia!.. Rmer-

Ti, movlinebuli cxonebad da xsnad qveynisa, Rmer-

Ti axlis aRTqmisa, romelman unda „aRixvnas codva-

ni soflisani“. Ze RvTisa da kacisa, romelman unda

nugeS-sces qveyanas, - movedin, maSvralni da tvirT-

mZimeni, da me gangisvenoT Tqven“, RmerTi, romel-

manc unda naTel-sces bnels qveyanas suliTa wmidi-

Ta, iSva viTa Raribi Rarib safar qveS da aris „Sexve-

uli da mwolare bagasa“... marto erTi varskvlavi-

Raa aRmomxdari aRmosavleTiT da igi dahnaTis zed

adgilsa mas Sobisasa niSnad misad Tu, - ra sxivosani

madli moefina qveyanas dedisagan, romelic amitom

„kurTxeul ars dedaTa Soris: „yrma-RmerTi „Sexve-

uli da mwolare bagasa“, arisRa sadme sxva xati, rom

didebam ase adidos siRaribe da siRaribem ase adi-

dos dideba: yvelazed uwinares am xatiTa uTqva So-

bisave umal igi Tavdabloba kacTmoyvare qriste-

RmerTisa, romelmac mere gaaoca cudmedidobiT

garyvnili Zveli qveyana.

iSva igi, vinc gaWirvebuls da ZiriT Txemamde

Seryeuls qveyanas moacala ulmobelis saZirkveli

„Tvali Tvalisa wil, kbili kbilisa wil“ da amis ma-

gier STaudga „giyvardes moyvasi Seni, viTarca Tavi

Seni“ da amazed xelaxlad daadgina dasarRvevad

gamzadebuli qveyana, viTarca kldezed, romelsac

verc Jami da verc dro ver Sehmusravs da ver Sear-

yevs. am kldes zed daanTxia man Tavisi RvTaebrivi

sisxli da zed movlinebuli, kacmave jvars acva da

jvarcmuli mainc jvarTmcmelTaTvis hRaRadebda

RvTisa mimarT: RmerTo, Seundev, rameTu ara uwyian

ras iqmnan; ai ra sulgrZeli, ra kacTmoyvare, ra

yovladmowyale RmerTi iSva dRes da amas samarTli-

anad hxarobs da dResaswaulobs mTeli qristianoba.

mas aqeTia aRsdga qveyana axalis aRTqmisa, axa-

li cxovrebisaTvis. mas aqeT Seafara kacma Tavi Tvi-

si RmerTsa siyvarulisas, mSvidobisas, mowyalebi-

sas da Sendobisas. ganaxlda kaci da dRes ganaxle-

buls kacs ZaluZs sasoebiT sTqvas: „Sen xelaxlad

Semqmen me, qriste-RmerTo, da damdev Cemzeda xeli

Seni... Sen scan dajdomai Cemi da aRdgomai Cemi.

alagni Cemni da nawilni Cemni Sen gamoikvlien da yo-

velni gzani Cemni winaswar ixilen... sakvirvel iqmna

cnoba Seni Cemgan, ganZlierda da ver SeuZlo mas, Sen

xar xsna Cemi, Seni moZRvreba - macxovar Cemda, da ve-

Rarsad ganverino sulisa Senisagan da pirisa Senisa-

gan veRarsad vivltode: aR-Tu-vhxde cad, Sen un

xar. STa-Tu-vhxde jojoxeTad, axlosve xar: aR-Tu-

vipyrne frTeni Cemni ganTiad da davemkvidro me da-

sasrulsa zRvisasa, - da rameTu munca xeli Seni

miZRodes me da marjveneman Senman Semiwynaros me“.

1886 w. 24 dekemberi

Soba macxovrisawminda ilia marTali

(WavWavaZe)

tropari: raJams iordanes naTel iRe Sen, ufalo,

maSin samebisa Tayvaniscema gamosCnda, rameTu mamisa xma

gewameboda, da sayuarelad Zed saxel-gdva Sen, da suli

wmida saxiTa tredisaTa daamtkicebda sityvisa mis uc-

domelobasa, romeli ganscxaden, qriste RmerTo, da yo-

veli sofeli gananaTle, dideba Senda.

kondaki: ganecxade dRes yovelsa sofelsa da naTe-

li Seni ufalo aw moisaxa Cuen zeda, mecnierebiT mcnob-

Ta maT SenTa da ganscxaden naTelo Seuxebelo.

naTlisRebis dResaswaulze da mis wina dRes yvela

marTlmadideblur taZarSi sruldeba wyalkurTxeva

didi aiazmis wesiT da nakurTxi wyali urigdebaT morw-

muneebs. am wyals uflis mier kurTxeuli iordanis mad-

li eZleva da, Cveulebrivi wylisgan gansxvavebiT, ar ix-

rwneba. is SegiZliaT mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi SeinaxoT

da gansacdelisa da avadmyofobis dros miiRoT.

naTlisReba - es aris dRe, roca ufalma Cvenma ieso

qristem mdinare iordaniaSi simdabliT ioane naTlism-

cemlisgan naTeliRo da wyali xrwnilebisagan ganwmida,

raTa mis mier codvaTa moteveba moeniWebina CvenTvis.

macxovarma TviTon ki ar miiRo siwmide an, rogorc

ucodveli, ganwmedas ki ar saWiroebda, aramed naTeli-

Ro Cveni SewevnisaTvis, Semusra eSmaki da ganwmedili

wyliT Cveni usjuloeba ganbana.

naTlisRebisas suliwmidis saidumlo moqmedebiT

qristiani qristes sxeuls, eklesias uerTdeba. saidum-

lo ki madlis uxilav moqmedebaSi mdgomareobs: wyali

sxeuls ganwmends, suliwmida ki gonebisaTvis miuwvdom-

lad TviT suls ganbans. gana es sakvirvelia? – ubralo

magaliTi moviSvelioT: roca cecxli rkinis sizrqeSi

Sedis, yvelaferi cecxlad iqceva. am dros civic cxel-

deba da Savic naTdeba. Tuki nivTieri cecxli rkinaSi

SeRwevisas ase daubrkoleblad moqmedebs, raRa gasakvi-

ria, rom suliwmida sulis siRrmeSi aRwevdes? (kirile

ierusalimeli).

am dRes RvTis gancxadeba ewodeba, radganac swored

maSin gancxadda pirvelad sameba – Ze naTels iRebda, su-

liwmida mtredis saxiT Canda, xolo cidan ismoda mamis

xma : „ese ars Ze Cemi sayvareli, romel me saTno viyav”.

14 ianvari (ax.st. 27 ianvari) yovlad-sadidebeli

dRea yovelis qarTvelisaTvis. am dResa uqmobs, am

dResa dResaswaulobs saqarTvelos eri da es dRea

dRe micvalebisa Cvenis ganmanaTleblis mociqulTa

sworis wminda ninosi. am Cvens RvTismSoblis wilxv-

domils qveyanas RvTismSoblisave locviT da kur-

TxeviT moevlina zegardamo STagonebuli wminda qal-

wuli, gadmolaxa Tavis uZluris fexiTa mTani da

kldeni, movida iq, „sadaca RmerTni RmerTobdnen da

mefeni mefobdnen“, pirqve daamxo salocavni kerpTm-

saxurebisani da maTs adgilas aRmarTa jvari qriste-

si, jvari patiosani.

saqarTvelos erma gadaixsna guli, Sig ganibniva

igi jvari patiosani da TviTonac jvars ecva da aravis

ki ar Searyevina arc Tavisi guli da arc gulSi Rrmad

da mkvidrad gabneuli jvari. mas aqeT TxuTmeti sau-

kune gulSi jvriT da xelSi

xmliT ibrZoda, Rvwoda, sisx-

lsa hRvrida qarTveli kaci

da naTeli bnelzed veravin

Seacvlevina.

Cveni istoriis saxeli da

dideba, CvenTa didebulTa wi-

naparTa saswaulmoqmedi mxne-

oba, Tavganwirva, Tavdadeba,

vaJkacoba sul im naTliT aris

gasxivosnebuli, im Saravande-

diT aris mosili, romelic

„Zelma WeSmaritebisam“, wmin-

da ninos madliT da RvawliT

aRmarTulma, mohfina mTels

Cvens qveyanasa. am Zelze sxi-

vosanis asoebiT, qristes

wminda sisxliT dawerili iyo

da aris igi mcneba, romelic

udidesia yovels mcnebazed:

„giyvardes moyvasi Seni, vi-

Tarca Tavi Seni“.

am mcnebis moZRvars eTay-

vana Cveni qveyana, igi aRiara

RmerTad da imas aunTo Tavisi guli wminda sanTlad,

romelic dRes aqamomde ar gamqrala da arc gahqreba,

minam ar gahqreba TviTon qarTvelica. am kacTmoyvare

RmerTisaTvis iwama Cveni qveyana, amas anacvala, mas

Seswira yovelive, rac ki adamians sabednierod aqvs

moniWebuli, eklis gvirgvini daidga Tavzed, TxuTme-

ti saukune gulgaudreklad atara Tav-pirdasisxlia-

nebulma Cvens dromde Seumwikvlelad moitana da tan-

julma da wamebulma Cven, Svilebs, gadmogvca, - exla

Tqven iciTo.

eklis gvirgvinia, magram TvalmargalitiT mor-

Tuls gvirgvins riTi CamorCeba? gvirgvini wamebisa

WeSmaritebisaTvis, kacTmoyvarebisaTvis, gvirgvini

wamebisa maSvralTa da tvirTmZimeTa nugeSisaTvis,

gvirgvini wamebisa erTmaneTis Zmurad da siyvaruliT

gankiTxvisaTvis. mSierTa, mwyurvalTa, sneulTa,

sapyarTa da patimarTa Svelisa da xsnisaTvis, obol-

Ta, qvrivTa, upatronoTa SewynarebisaTvis, nuTu yo-

velive es igiv Tval-margalitebi da ukeTesnic ar

arian?

didi wameba didbunovnebis niSania, rogorc didi

Zlevamosileba. didi wameba igiv didi gamarjvebaa,

romelic wilad jxvdeba xolme didbunovans kacsa,

xolo gamarjvebuli bednieria imitom, rom TviTonac

stkbeba miT, rac gamarjvebas moaqvs, da wamebuli ki

TviT iwvis sanTelsaviT da sxvas ki gzas unaTebs.

amitomac ekliani gvirgvini wamebulisa ufro

uangaroa, ufro mimzidvelia, ufro sagulmtkivneu-

loa da, maSasadame, ufro mSvenieri, sasaxelo da sadi-

debeli. marto am wamebulTa hloculobs kacobrioba,

marto am wamebulTa aRiarebs igi wmindanebad da Tay-

vans scems locviTa da kurTxeviTa.

ekliani gvirgvini, Cvens dRemde motanili CvenTa

winaparTagan, am mSvenierebi-

Ta hSvenis, am saxeliTa saxe-

lovnobs, am didebiT hdidebu-

lobs. Tu visme samarTlianad

eTqmis, rom TviT daiwvnen da

sxvas ki gza gaunaTeso, es

Cvens mama-papas eTqmis da mad-

lobelni Svilni lmobierebiT

pirqve unda davemxoT maT saf-

lavTa winaSe da vugaloboT

dideba didebulTa da qeba qe-

bulTa.

am samarTlian qeba-dide-

bisaTvis sxva ukeTess dRes

ver amoirCevs qarTveli, Tu

ar dRes, Cvenis ganmanaTlebis

saxsovrad dawesebuls. mog-

vevlina wminda nino, gvamcno

da gvaswavla qristes rjuli

da axalma mSvenierma aRTqmam

ganaaxla Cveni qveyana axalis

cxovrebisaTvis. qarTvelma

ar rjuls, am axals aRTqmas,

SeuerTa Zvelisagan yovelive

is, rac-ki ram Zvirfasia adamianisaTvis da rac Tavis-

dReSi ar daZveldeba, minam adamiani arsebobs: Seuer-

Ta mamuli da erovneba. es sami erTmaneTis Rirsi saga-

ni ise Caiwnen, ise Caqsovdnen erTmaneTSi, rom rjulis

dacva saqarTvelos miwa-wylis dacvad gardaiqmna da

miwa-wylis dacva - rjulis dacvad. rjuli Cveni mamu-

lis, Cveni erovnebis xmlad iqca zedmisevisaTvis da

farad zedmoseulTaTvis.

qristianoba, qristes moZRvrebis garda, CvenSi

hniSnavda mTelis saqarTvelos miwa-wyals, hniSnavda

qarTvelobas. dResac, mTels amierkavkasiaSi qarTve-

li da qristiani erTisa da imaves mniSvnelobis sity-

vebi arian. gaqristianebis magier getyvian: gaqarT-

veldao. Cvenma samRvdeloebam kargad icoda, rom ma-

muli da erovneba, rjulTan erTad SeerTebuli,

rjulTan Sexorc-SeTvisebuli, uZleveli xmalia da

Seuleweli faria mtrisa winaSe. sityvas qadagebisas,

swavlas, moZRvrebas igi sul imazed moaqcevda xolme,

rom mamuli da erovneba rjulamde gaapatiosnos, sar-

wmunoebamde aRamaRlos, aswios da yovelive am sams

wmindas da udides sagans, erTad SeerTebuls, Tavda-

debiT amsaxuros, TavganwirviT amoqmedos.

ai, sad da raSi hpoulobda Cveni uwindeli samRv-

deloeba Tavis suliers da xorciels Rones, Tavis

Zlierebas, pativiscemas! ai, rogor gaimagra samRvde-

loebam sarwmunoeba qristeSi am patara qveyanaSi, ro-

melsac garSemo veSapi mtrebi exvivnen da hlamobdnen,

qristianoba Zirianad amoegdoT. ai, ram moagerienebi-

na am patara qveyanas auarebeli mteri! mamuli da

erovneba moaSvela samRvdeloebam rjuls, rjuli -

mamulsa da erovnebas, da egreT moZRvrebulma erma es

sameba wainZRvara win, aTasxuTasi weliwadi omiTa da

sisxlisRvriTa gamoiara da qarTvels binac Seunaxa

da qarTvelobaca.

am samTa uwmindesTa saganTa SeerTebam aswia Cve-

ni samRvdeloeba da daayena is maRal xarisxzed, sadac

yoveli niji Rvawlia da samsaxuri qveynis winaSe. moR-

vawes da mosamsaxures yovelTvis didi pativi da saxe-

li aqvs da amitomac uwin sasuliero wodebaSi Sesvla

da yofna did pativad da did Rirsebad miaCndaT. did-

ni gvariSvilni, mefeTa ojaxisani da Zenic ki bednie-

rad hracxdnen TavianT Tavs, Tuki eRiresebodnen sa-

suliero wodebis kacad gaxdomas, sasulieroSi Sesv-

las da samsaxursa. yvelam icoda, ra mZimea jvari

qristesi, jvari mamulisa da erovnebisa, da saxelic

moRvawisa am simZimeSi iyo. es simZime apatiosnebda

Rvawlsa, es tvirTi asxivosnebda samsaxursa da am pa-

tiosnebasa da sxivosnobaSi iyo Tavmowonebac da

jildoc moRvawisa.

am saxiT, wminda ninos mociqulobiT mofenilma

da damkvidrebulma qristianobam gvixsna Cven aramc-

Tu sulierad, aramed xorcieladac. ima udidesma

moZRvrebam, romelic qriste RmerTma mouvlina qve-

yanas xsnad da cxonebad, Tavisi Zlevamosili kalTa

gadaafara CvenSi Cvens mamuls, Cvens erovnebas, viTa

obolni Seikedla, Tavisis RvTaeburis Zal-RoniT ga-

mohzarda, Sehmosa, STaudga guli rkinisa, gaumZRvara

jvari patiosani da Zeli WeSmaritebisa. da, ai, aTasxu-

Tasi weliwadia, am Zal-RoniT qristianobam Semogvi-

naxa Cven Cveni miwa-wyali, Cveni ena, Cveni vinaoba, Cve-

ni erovnoba.

qristianobis mofena da damkvidreba TiTon cal-

ked, TavsiTavad didi Rvawlia, da rom qristianobam

qviTkirsaviT Segvkra da gagvamagra, rom qristianoba

gagviZRva mamulisa da erovnebis SerCenisa da xsni-

saTvis, Rvawli igi gviorkecdeba, gvididdeba, gviZ-

lierdeba. eg gaorkecebuli, eg gandidebuli Rvawli

dagvdo Cven Cvenma ganmanaTlebelma wminda ninom. ai

riT aris marTla sadidebeli, marTla sadid-dResasa-

waulo igi dRe, rodesac Cveni eklesia didebiT ixse-

niebs am mociqulTa-swors qalwulsa. ama RvTaeburis

madliT mosilma mociqulma dagvawafa dauSrobels

wyaros RvTaeburis WeSmaritebisas da mogvivlina igi

moZRvreba, romelmac iSvila Cveni mamuli, Cveni erov-

neba, da erTsac da meoresac upatrona dRemde.

naTlisReba qarTveli eri da Rvawli wminda ninosiwminda ilia marTali

(WavWavaZe)

redaqtori:

ioseb sanikiZe

specialisti:

nestan mamuWaZe

gazeTi daibeWda

gamomcemloba

`samSobloSi`

2 18 07 76; 5 99 95 31 90

mis.: q. Tbilisi,

robaqiZis 7

saredaqcio kolegia:nana cecxlaZe, inga SamiliSvilinaTia wiklaSvili, nino doliZe

murman gorgoSaZe,daviT baraTaSvili

guram Caganava,SoTa mamulaZeguguli dumbaZe, nugzar RomiZe

Documents

Sexvedra -is proeqt `mmarTveloba ganviTarebisTvis ...qimia da Warbi wona, axali samedicino preparatebi, axali biologiuri polimere-bis sinTezi. ianvari 3 sul axlaxan gamomcemloba `meri-dianma