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7/24/2019 SLAP 29 Perforating for Shales
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SLAP-29
Bogota
Julio LozadaTechnical Advisor- TCP Ecuador
Mayo 2013
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Multi-Stage Multi-Well Completion
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Estimated 187 Trillion m (Energy Information Administration 2011)
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Land Drilling Activity by Type
SLAP-29From Spears & Associates, Inc
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Horizontal Multi-Stage Perforating
Pump Down Services (PDS) offers quick, efficient andcost effective deployment of multi-gun/plug runs formultiple stage completions
PDS is a common deployment method used in horizontalunconventional wells primarily for guns and plugs but
-
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, ,
Efficient PDS now allow up to 5 stages per 24 hour day
A typical single E-Line stage consists of
Multiple guns (3 foot - 6 spf carriers) ((SelectivePerforating))
Explosive setting tool
Composite plug
5
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Most PDS completions are perforated in ageometrical spacing
Horizontal Multi-Stage Perforating- Pump Down Service
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TC
P
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Perforating Objective
Create a conduit between thewellbore and reservoir
Choices to be made:
Size of gun and charge
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ype o s ape c arge Shot density and phasing
Perforation interval
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Perforating for Stimulation
Interval
Stage Length Perforation Spacing
Orientation
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Phasing Charge Selection
DP, GH or FRAC
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Perforation Phasing
Perforation phasingreduces near wellbore
tortuosity. (SPE 24823 &39453)
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FRAC charges, ameasurableimprovement in
stimulation treatments isobserved. (SPE 159085)
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Perforation Phasing Test
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From Oriented Perforations A Rock Mechanics View SPE 28555
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What role do perforations play?
Unless a perforating gun iscentralized, the perforationcasing hole diameters are a
function of gun phasing. Thismeans that the injection rate
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perforation diameters. SPE 39453
Frac Charge
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Why hole size matters
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Studiesdemonstrate adifference.
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Frac Charge Results
Charge B Charge Designed for Frac
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Comparison of 24 different stages: Increased injection rate by 27% Lowered treating pressures 500-1,000psi
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TABLE 4COMPARISON OF STAGE #5, FIELD TRIAL 2.
Old Charge New Frac Charge
Clusters 6 5
Holes 57 48
Time to Rate 3 3
Rate 65 60
Pressure 2,212 2,175
ISIP 1,004 1,013
TABLE 5COMPARISON OF STAGE #8, FIELD TRIAL 3.
Old Charge New Frac Charge
Additional Efficiencies
Fewer holes More rate per perforation
Faster time to rate
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Holes58 52Time to Rate 4 2
Rate 65 65
Pressure 1,812 1,800
ISIP 719 745
TABLE 6COMPARISON OF STAGE #6, FIELD TRIAL 4.
Old Charge New Frac ChargeClusters 5 6
Holes 52 52
Time to Rate 5 3
Rate 60 65
Pressure 1,952 2,075
ISIP 507 611
More rate
Faster time to rate
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Offset Well (Identical Completion & Pump Schedule)
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Comparison of13 different stages: Improved treatment success to 100% - previously
experienced early screenouts 30% of time Decreased fluid volume to obtain designed rate
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13 Stage ComparisonComparison of13 different stages:
Improved treatment success to 100% - previouslyexperienced early screenouts 30% of time
Decreased fluid volume to obtain designed rate
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Studiesdemonstrate adifference.
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Comparison of 13 different stages: Improved treatment success to 100% - previously
experienced early screenouts 30% of time
Decreased fluid volume to obtain designed rate
Comparison of 24 different stages:
Increased injection rate by 27% Lowered treating pressures 500-1,000psi
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Studiesdemonstrate adifference.
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Comparison of 25 different stages: Lower treating pressures Greater injection rates
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THANK YOU
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